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Kostić AŽ, Dramićanin AM, Milinčić DD, Pešić MB. Exploring the Botanical Origins of Bee-Collected Pollen: A Comprehensive Historical and Contemporary Analysis. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400194. [PMID: 38717321 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Bee-collected pollen is one of the most important bee products. In order to predict its chemical composition and nutritional value botanical origin of pollen plays a crucial role. This review intended to collect all available data published about botanical origin of pollen collected all around the world. Due to enourmous amount of data and variables nonlinear principal component analysis (NLPCA), by applying Categorical Principal Component Analysis (CATPCA), was conducted in order to try to determine any specifity and/or differences among samples. Also, importance of some plant families/genera/species for bees was monitored. Based on CATPCA results families can serve in order to distinct samples from North/South America. Also, some samples from Europe (Turkey and Serbia) were characterized with presence of some specific families. Genera were excellent tool to distinguish samples from different parts of Brazil as well as Australia, Asia and Africa. Due to high and specific biodiversity pollen samples obtained from Sonoran desert (USA) completely were separated during analysis. This review presents the first attempt to summarize and classify a large number of data about botanical sources of bee-collected pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Ž Kostić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra M Dramićanin
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijel D Milinčić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana B Pešić
- Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
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Yu S, You J, Shi X, Zou X, Lu Z, Wang Y, Tan J, Sun Z, Li Z, Ji Z, Song C. Rapid Analysis of Estrogens in Meat Samples by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:425-436. [PMID: 37284963 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel reagent named 4-(N-methyl-1,3-dioxo-benzoisoquinolin-6-yl-oxy)benzene sulfonyl chloride (MBIOBS-Cl) for the determination of estrogens in food samples by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection has been developed. Estrogens could be easily labeled by MBIOBS-Cl in Na2CO3-NaHCO3 buffer solution at pH 10.0. The complete labeling reaction for estrogens could be accomplished within five minutes, the corresponding derivatives exhibited strong fluorescence with the maximum excitation and emission wavelengths at 249 nm and 443 nm, respectively. The derivatization conditions, such as the molar ratio of reagent to estrogens, derivatization time, pH, temperature, and buffers were optimized. Derivatives were sufficiently stable to be efficiently analyzed by HPLC with a reversed-phase Agilent ZORBAX 300SB-C18 column with a good baseline resolution. Excellent linear correlations were obtained for all estrogen derivatives with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9998. Ultrasonic-Assisted extraction was used to optimize the extraction of estrogens from meat samples with a recovery higher than 82%. The detection limits (LOD, S/N = 3) of the method ranged from 0.95 to 3.3 μg· kg-1. The established method, which is fast, simple, inexpensive, and environment friendly, can be successfully applied for the detection of four steroidal estrogens from meat samples with little matrix interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmao You
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinxin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaocong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangkun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Zan Li
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihua Song
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, People's Republic of China
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Bee Pollen and Bread as a Super-Food: A Comparative Review of Their Metabolome Composition and Quality Assessment in the Context of Best Recovery Conditions. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020715. [PMID: 36677772 PMCID: PMC9862147 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, functional foods have been a subject of great interest in dietetics owing not only to their nutritional value but rather their myriad of health benefits. Moreover, an increase in consumers' demands for such valuable foods warrants the development in not only production but rather tools of quality and nutrient assessment. Bee products, viz., pollen (BP) and bread, are normally harvested from the flowering plants with the aid of bees. BP is further subjected to a fermentation process in bee hives to produce the more valuable and bioavailable BB. Owing to their nutritional and medicinal properties, bee products are considered as an important food supplements rich in macro-, micro-, and phytonutrients. Bee products are rich in carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, fatty acids, and minerals in addition to a myriad of phytonutrients such as phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, volatiles, and carotenoids. Moreover, unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs) of improved lipid profile such as linoleic, linolenic, and oleic were identified in BP and BB. This work aims to present a holistic overview of BP and BB in the context of their composition and analysis, and to highlight optimized extraction techniques to maximize their value and future applications in nutraceuticals.
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Cheng S, He Y, Zeng T, Wang D, He J, Xia Q, Zhou C, Pan D, Cao J. Heat stress induces various oxidative damages to myofibrillar proteins in ducks. Food Chem 2022; 390:133209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Development and Validation of a Simple, Selective, and Accurate Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatographic Method with Diode Array Detection (RP-HPLC/DAD) for the Simultaneous Analysis of 18 Free Amino Acids in Topical Formulations. Chromatographia 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-022-04160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEven though there are reported methods for the quantification of free amino acids (FAAs) in biological products, no work has been done on the analysis of these substances in formulations. Moreover, further research is required as the reported methods do not fulfill analytical method requirements. The objective of this study was, therefore, to develop and validate a rapid, reliable, and appropriate RP-HPLC/DAD method for the simultaneous determination of 18 FAAs (l-Ala, l-Arg, l-Asn, l-Asp, l-Gln, l-Glu, l-Gly, l-His, l-Ile, l-Lue, l-Lys, l-Met, l-Orn, l-Phe, l-Pro, l-Ser, l-Thr, and l-Val) in topical formulations. After appropriate method development, the technique was validated for selectivity, linearity and range, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precision, and accuracy. The samples were derivatized with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (Fmoc-Cl). Chromatographic separation was performed on InfinityLab Poroshell 120 E.C 18 (3 × 50) mm, 2.7 μm column at 25 °C. The mobile phase consisting of water and acetonitrile adjusted to appropriate pH was pumped in gradient mode at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. Ten microliters were injected and analyte detection was conducted using a DAD. The results indicate that the method was selective for these FAAs. It was linear over the concentration range of 5–80 µM with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.995. Moreover, it was sensitive, precise, accurate, and robust. All the reported drawbacks of RP-HPLC-based analysis of FAAs were resolved, and hence, this new method can be considered appropriate for the analysis of these FAAs in topical formulations.
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Zhang J, Yang J, Luo Y, Li J, Gong T, Huang S, Xiong Y, Jiang X. Determination of 23 related analytes in bone marrow fluid and hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by HPLC-FLD. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5435. [PMID: 35763335 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The study of brain diseases has long been of interest to researchers worldwide, and stroke is the third leading cause of death that threatens human health. At the same time, a cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is closely associated with high rates of disability and mortality. The conditions of the 6-Aminoquinolyl N-hydroxysccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) method for the derivatization of amino acids in the bone marrow fluid and hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were explored and optimized, such as the column temperature, concentration of derivatization reagents, and mobile phase concentration were investigated and optimized. The mobile phase consisted of 20 mM sodium acetate solution (phosphoric acid to adjust pH 5.0) and 60% acetonitrile solution at the flow rate of 1 mL•min-1 . The 23 analytes were separated and determined in a gradient elution procedure; the correlation coefficient r was greater than 0.9990 in the range of 0.1-8.0 μg•mL-1 . The results showed that the content of relevant analytes was significantly changed in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model, the method was suitable for the simultaneous determination of 23 amino acids in bone marrow fluid and hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiansha Li
- Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd., Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Suqiong Huang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinhui Jiang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Determination of Free Amino Acids in Bee Pollen by Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02281-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBee pollen is one of the hive products that is of most interest today due to its multiple beneficial health properties, making it an increasingly popular food supplement. Bee pollen contains many bioactive compounds, such as fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, proteins, and amino acids, among others. In the present study, the free amino acid content was determined in bee pollen by using liquid chromatography coupled to a fluorescence detector. Sample treatment consisted of a solvent extraction of the free amino acids with ultrapure water and a further centrifugation of the extract, which was repeated twice. After that, it was necessary to perform a pre-column derivatization of the amino acids using a combination of two reagents (o-phthalaldehyde and 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate) prior to their separation in a Gemini® C18 reverse phase column in gradient elution mode. The analytical performance was evaluated, and several commercial bee pollen samples were analyzed. Significant differences in the free amino acid profile and concentration, which ranged between 19 and 192 mg/g, were observed depending on the botanical origin of the samples.
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A novel fluorescent labeling reagent, 2-(9-acridone)-ethyl chloroformate, and its application to the analysis of free amino acids in honey samples by HPLC with fluorescence detection and identification with online ESI-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:8339-8350. [PMID: 33029671 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02969-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel fluorescent labeling reagent 2-(9-acridone)-ethyl chloroformate (AEC-Cl) was designed, synthesized and applied for the determination of free amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD). The free amino acids were rapidly and efficiently labeled by AEC-Cl in the presence of basic catalyst (pH 9.0) within 5 min at room temperature (25 °C). The derivatives exhibited excellent stability and fluorescence properties, with maximum excitation and emission wavelengths at 268 nm and 438 nm, respectively. Derivatives of 22 kinds of natural amino acids were completely separated by gradient elution on a Hypersil ODS C18 column. Under the optimal conditions, the calibration curves exhibited excellent linear responses, with correlation coefficients of R2 > 0.9994. The detection and quantification limits were in the range of 0.61-2.67 μg kg-1 and 2.07-8.35 μg kg-1, respectively. Therefore, AEC-Cl was successfully applied for the detection of trace levels of free amino acids in honey samples. Graphical abstract A novel fluorescent labeling reagent was applied for the determination of free amino acids in honey by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector.
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9
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Using 4-(Carbazole-9-yl)-benzyl Chloroformate as a Derivatization Reagent for the Measurement of Amino Acids in Tea Samples by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection. Chromatographia 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-020-03864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Themelis T, Gotti R, Orlandini S, Gatti R. Quantitative amino acids profile of monofloral bee pollens by microwave hydrolysis and fluorimetric high performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 173:144-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Zhou W, Wang Y, Yang F, Dong Q, Wang H, Hu N. Rapid Determination of Amino Acids of Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Using HPLC-FLD-MS/MS and a Highly Selective and Sensitive Pre-Column Derivatization Method. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091665. [PMID: 31035340 PMCID: PMC6539371 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are indispensable components of living organisms. The high amino acid content in Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. fruit distinguishes it from other berry plants and is of great significance to its nutritional value. Herein, using 10-ethyl-acridine-3-sulfonyl chloride as a fluorescent pre-column labeling reagent, a method for the efficient and rapid determination of amino acid content in N. tangutorum by pre-column fluorescence derivatization and on-line mass spectrometry was established and further validated. The limits of detection (signal-to-noise ratio = 3) were between 0.13 and 1.13 nmol/L, with a linear coefficient greater than 0.997 and a relative standard deviation between 1.37% and 2.64%. In addition, the method required a short analysis time, separating 19 amino acids within 20 min. Subsequently, the method was used to analyze the amino acid content of Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. from tissues retrieved from seven regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. was shown to contain a large amount of amino acids, with the total content and main amino acid varying between the different tissues. This research supports the nutritional evaluation, quality control, and development and utilization of Nitraria tangutorum Bobr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Yuwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Qi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Xining 810008, China.
| | - Honglun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Xining 810008, China.
| | - Na Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Xining 810008, China.
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12
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Lu S, Wu D, Li G, Lv Z, Gong P, Xia L, Sun Z, Chen G, Chen X, You J, Wu Y. Facile and sensitive determination of N-nitrosamines in food samples by high-performance liquid chromatography via combining fluorescent labeling with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. Food Chem 2017; 234:408-415. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Huang S, Paul P, Ramana P, Adams E, Augustijns P, Van Schepdael A. Advances in Capillary Electrophoretically Mediated Microanalysis for On-line Enzymatic and Derivatization Reactions. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:97-110. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengyun Huang
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis; Leuven Belgium
| | - Prasanta Paul
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis; Leuven Belgium
| | - Pranov Ramana
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis; Leuven Belgium
| | - Erwin Adams
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis; Leuven Belgium
| | - Patrick Augustijns
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug delivery and disposition; Leuven Belgium
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis; Leuven Belgium
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Ares AM, Valverde S, Bernal JL, Nozal MJ, Bernal J. Extraction and determination of bioactive compounds from bee pollen. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 147:110-124. [PMID: 28851545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Since ancient times bee pollen has been considered a good source of bioactive substances and energy. Taking into account the current demand for healthy and natural foods, it is not surprising that bee pollen has been attracting commercial interest in recent years, making it one of the most widely consumed food supplements. It has been extensively reported that bee pollen contains several health-promoting compounds, such as proteins, amino acids, lipids, phenolic compounds, vitamins or minerals. Thus, this study aims to give an overview of the extraction and determination techniques of several of the above-mentioned compounds which have been published in the last few years (2011-2017). The design of the study is in accordance with the different families of bioactive compounds, and the extraction procedures together with the analytical techniques employed and their determination are discussed. A list of some of the most relevant applications is provided for each category, including a brief summary of the experimental conditions. The references included will provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of and insight into the analysis of bioactive compounds from bee pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Ares
- I.U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Valladolid, E. 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Silvia Valverde
- I.U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Valladolid, E. 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José L Bernal
- I.U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Valladolid, E. 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María J Nozal
- I.U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Valladolid, E. 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Bernal
- I.U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Valladolid, E. 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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Yang Z, Zhao Y, Wang C, Song Q, Pang Q. A water-soluble and highly phosphorescent cyclometallated iridium complex with versatile sensing capability. Talanta 2017; 166:169-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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A micellar electrokinetic chromatography-mass spectrometry approach using in-capillary diastereomeric derivatization for fully automatized chiral analysis of amino acids. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1467:400-408. [PMID: 27554025 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the context of bioanalytical method development, process automatization is nowadays a necessity in order to save time, improve method reliability and reduce costs. For the first time, a fully automatized micellar electrokinetic chromatography-mass spectrometry (MEKC-MS) method with in-capillary derivatization was developed for the chiral analysis of d- and l-amino acids using (-)-1-(9-fluorenyl) ethyl chloroformate (FLEC) as labeling reagent. The derivatization procedure was optimized using an experimental design approach leading to the following conditions: sample and FLEC plugs in a 2:1 ratio (15s, 30mbar: 7.5s, 30mbar) followed by 15min of mixing using a voltage of 0.1kV. The formed diastereomers were then separated using a background electrolyte (BGE) consisting of 150mM ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO) (pH=9.5) and detected by mass spectrometry (MS). Complete chiral resolution was obtained for 8 amino acids, while partial separation was achieved for 6 other amino acid pairs. The method showed good reproducibility and linearity in the low micromolar concentration range. The applicability of the method to biological samples was tested by analyzing artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) samples.
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Wu H, Li G, Liu S, Hu N, Geng D, Chen G, Sun Z, Zhao X, Xia L, You J. Monitoring the contents of six steroidal and phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals in chicken, fish and aquaculture pond water samples using pre-column derivatization and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with the aid of experimental design methodology. Food Chem 2016; 192:98-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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18
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Kim SB, Jo YH, Liu Q, Ahn JH, Hong IP, Han SM, Hwang BY, Lee MK. Optimization of Extraction Condition of Bee Pollen Using Response Surface Methodology: Correlation between Anti-Melanogenesis, Antioxidant Activity, and Phenolic Content. Molecules 2015; 20:19764-74. [PMID: 26540033 PMCID: PMC6331901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201119656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee pollen is flower pollen with nectar and salivary substances of bees and rich in essential components. Bee pollen showed antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity in our assay system. To maximize the antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of bee pollen, extraction conditions, such as extraction solvent, extraction time, and extraction temperature, were optimized using response surface methodology. Regression analysis showed a good fit of this model and yielded the second-order polynomial regression for tyrosinase inhibition and antioxidant activity. Among the extraction variables, extraction solvent greatly affected the activity. The optimal condition was determined as EtOAc concentration in MeOH, 69.6%; temperature, 10.0 °C; and extraction time, 24.2 h, and the tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activity under optimal condition were found to be 57.9% and 49.3%, respectively. Further analysis showed the close correlation between activities and phenolic content, which suggested phenolic compounds are active constituents of bee pollen for tyrosinase inhibition and antioxidant activity. Taken together, these results provide useful information about bee pollen as cosmetic therapeutics to reduce oxidative stress and hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Beom Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - Yang Hee Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - Jong Hoon Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - In Pyo Hong
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54875, Korea.
| | - Sang Mi Han
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54875, Korea.
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
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19
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Wu H, Li G, Liu S, Ji Z, Zhang Q, Hu N, Suo Y, You J. Simultaneous Determination of Seven Biogenic Amines in Foodstuff Samples Using One-Step Fluorescence Labeling and Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Followed by HPLC-FLD and Method Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-014-9943-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Chen X, You J, Suo Y, Fan B. Sensitive Determination of Taurine, -Aminobutyric Acid and Ornithine in Wolfberry Fruit and Cortex Lycii by HPLC with Fluorescence Detection and Online Mass Spectrometry Identification. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:492-7. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Yang K, Wu D, Ye X, Liu D, Chen J, Sun P. Characterization of chemical composition of bee pollen in China. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:708-718. [PMID: 23265625 DOI: 10.1021/jf304056b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Bee pollen has been praised for its good nutrition and therapeutic values. China is the largest producer in the world. Twelve common varieties of monofloral bee pollen collected from China's main producing regions were selected for nutritional composition analysis, including proximate contents, dietary fibers, amino acid distribution, fatty acid composition, and mineral elements. The proximate compositions mostly met the specifications regulating pollen load quality of China. Proline and glutamic acids were found to be the predominant amino acids in the form of both total amino and free amino acids. Lysine was the relative limiting amino acid. The percentage of total essential amino acids (TEAA) to total amino acids (TAA) reached the nutrition recommendation of the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). The major fatty acids, presented as mean values, were C18:3 (25.1%), C16:0 (19.6%), C18:1 (17.3%), C18:2 (8.78%), C22:0 (4.07%), and C18:0 (2.96%) acids. The proportions of C18:3 were generally higher than those of C18:2, and the ratio of total unsaturated fatty acids (TUS) to total saturated fatty acids (TS) was >1.0, except for Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. pollen for the characteristic absence of C18:3 acids. High levels of beneficial elements such as K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn. and Cu were observed in pollen samples. The contents of detrimental trace elements of Cd, Pb, and Hg were primarily lower or not detected. However, more attention should be paid to a large amount of Al, with a concentration of >100 mg/kg DW in most samples. There were some significant differences between samples. On the whole, the Chinese bee pollen was evaluated as a good complement to diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
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22
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Song C, Zhang C, Sun Z, You J, Suo Y. DETERMINATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FATTY ACIDS INMICROULA SIKKIMENSISSEED OIL USING 1,2-BENZOCARBAZOLE-9-ETHYL-P-TOLUENESULFONATE AS A NOVEL LABELING REAGENT BY HPLC WITH FLUORESCENCE DETECTION AND APCI-MS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.627621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuihua Song
- a Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province , Qufu Normal University , Qufu , P. R. China
| | - Caiqing Zhang
- b Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital , Jinan , P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- a Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province , Qufu Normal University , Qufu , P. R. China
| | - Jinmao You
- a Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province , Qufu Normal University , Qufu , P. R. China
- c Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Science , Xining , P. R. China
| | - Yourui Suo
- c Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Science , Xining , P. R. China
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23
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Jing N, Shi J, Li G, Sun Z, You J. Determination of fatty acids from mushrooms using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and online mass spectrometry. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Sun Z, You J, Li G, Zhao X, Suo Y, Wang X. Determination of amino acids in rat brain microdialysate with 1,2,5,6-dibenzocarbazole-9-ethyl chloroformate as labeling reagent by high performance liquid chromatographic fluorescence detection and mass spectrometric identification. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:1367-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Li G, Sun Z, Song C, Xia L, Zheng J, Suo Y, You J. A sensitive fluorescence reagent, 2-[2-(7H-dibenzo[a,g]carbazol-7-yl)-ethoxy]ethyl chloroformate, for amino acids determination in Saussurea involucrate and Artemisia capillaris Thunb using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and identification with mass spectroscopy/electrospray ionization source. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 25:689-96. [PMID: 20878662 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recent researches shows that amino acids (AA) are not only cell signaling molecules but are also regulators of gene expression and the protein phosphorylation cascade. More precise analysis of AA composition is reckoned to be one of the most important applications in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. In this paper, we develop a sample, sensitive and mild method using 2-[2-(7H-dibenzo[a,g]carbazol-7-yl)-ethoxy]ethyl chloroformate (DBCEC) as A labeling reagent for AA determination by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FLD) and identification with mass spectroscopy. The maximum excitation and emission wavelengths for DBCEC-AA derivatives were 300 and 395 nm, respectively. This method, in conjunction with a gradient elution, offered a baseline resolution of 20 AA on a reversed-phase Hypersil BDS C(18) column. LC separation for the derivatized AA showed good reproducibility, and all AA were found to give excellent linear responses with correlation coefficients > 0.9993. The calculated detection limits with a 25.0 fmol injection of each AA (at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1) ranged from 2.62 to 22.6 fmol. This method was applied to determine the AA composition in Saussurea involucrate and Artemisia capillaris Thunb. Meanwhile, this method exhibits a powerful potential for trace analysis of AA from biomedicine, foodstuff and other complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Li
- Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, People's Republic of China
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26
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Sun Z, You J, Song C. LC-Fluorescence Detection Analysis of Amino Acids from Stellera chamaejasme L. Using 2-[2-(Dibenzocarbazole)-ethoxy] Ethyl Chloroformate as Labeling Reagent. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1706-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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27
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Armenta JM, Cortes DF, Pisciotta JM, Shuman JL, Blakeslee K, Rasoloson D, Ogunbiyi O, Sullivan DJ, Shulaev V. Sensitive and rapid method for amino acid quantitation in malaria biological samples using AccQ.Tag ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring. Anal Chem 2010; 82:548-58. [PMID: 20038084 PMCID: PMC2829832 DOI: 10.1021/ac901790q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An AccQ*Tag ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (AccQ*Tag-UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method for fast, reproducible, and sensitive amino acid quantitation in biological samples, particularly, the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is presented. The Waters Acquity TQD UPLC/MS system equipped with a photodiode array (PDA) detector was used for amino acid separation and detection. The method was developed and validated using amino acid standard mixtures containing acidic, neutral, and basic amino acids. For MS analysis, the optimum cone voltage implemented, based on direct infusion analysis of a few selected AccQ*Tag amino acids with multiple reaction monitoring, varied from 29 to 39 V, whereas the collision energy varied from 15 to 35 V. Calibration curves were built using both internal and external standardization. Typically, a linear response for all amino acids was observed at concentration ranges of 3 x 10(-3)-25 pmol/muL. For some amino acids, concentration limits of detection were as low as 1.65 fmol. The coefficients of variation for retention times were within the range of 0.08-1.08%. The coefficients of variation for amino acid quantitation, determined from triplicate UPLC-MS/MS runs, were below 8% on the average. The developed AccQ*Tag-UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method revealed good technical and biological reproducibility when applied to P. falciparum and human red blood cells samples. This study should provide a valuable insight into the performance of UPLC-ESI-MS/MS for amino acid quantitation using AccQ*Tag derivatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny M. Armenta
- Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Diego F. Cortes
- Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - John M. Pisciotta
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore MD 21205
| | - Joel L. Shuman
- Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Kenneth Blakeslee
- Waters Corporation, MedStar Building, Suite 103, 5565 Sterrett Place, Columbia, MD 21044
| | - Dominique Rasoloson
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore MD 21205
| | - Oluwatosin Ogunbiyi
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore MD 21205
| | - David J. Sullivan
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore MD 21205
| | - Vladimir Shulaev
- Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Department of Horticulture, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
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An improved reagent for determination of aliphatic amines with fluorescence and online atmospheric chemical ionization-mass spectrometry identification. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 658:98-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 10/27/2009] [Accepted: 10/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Current awareness in phytochemical analysis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2008; 19:91-98. [PMID: 18340659 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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