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Salgado Pardo JI, Navas González FJ, González Ariza A, Arando Arbulu A, León Jurado JM, Delgado Bermejo JV, Camacho Vallejo ME. Traditional sexing methods and external egg characteristics combination allow highly accurate early sex determination in an endangered native turkey breed. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:948502. [PMID: 36046507 PMCID: PMC9420986 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.948502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early sex determination methods are not only crucial in the worldwide massive poultry industry, but also for small-holder producers. The profitability of sexing techniques must be accounted for when aiming to boost management, nutrition, and conservation practices in endangered poultry breeds. This becomes pivotal when the local breed dealt with belongs to an understudied species, such as the turkey. So, the main objective of this study is to identify which method combination may report a higher likelihood of successful sex determination in poults across the three-pattern varieties of the Andalusian turkey breed. A total of 84 one to two days old Andalusian turkey poults (42 black, 28 black-roan, and 14 bronze-roan) were evaluated in this study. Sex determination was performed using 15 methods, which included testing external egg metrics and eggshell color, poult morphological appraisal and phaneroptics, and behavioral traits. Possible differences across plumage varieties and the interaction between sex and plumage were observed when external egg quality was measured. Sex determination through behavioral methods in black base feathered (black and black-roan) male sex individuals showed seven times higher sensitivity when compared to the rest of the studied individuals (χ2 = 7.14, df = 1, P < 0.01). In contrast, for the black-roan plumage females, the method based on the color of down feathers was approximately four times more sensitive (χ2 = 3.95, df = 1, P ≤ 0.05). For the bronze-roan pattern, none of the sexing techniques was reported to efficiently predict sex itself. However, the most proper method combination to determine sex, independent of plumage color, was physical external egg characteristics, the color of down feathers, and behavioral approaches (“English method” and “slap technique”). The specificity values were found to be 49.12, 93.33, and 100%, while the sensitivity values were observed to be 74.64, 91.03, and 100%, which translated into accuracy of 63.10, 92.26, and 100% in black, black-roan, and bronze-roan poults, respectively. Our results suggest that the method combination tested in this study could be considered a highly accurate, simple, and affordable alternative for sex determination in turkeys. This could mean a pivotal advance for small producers of turkeys, as early sex detection can help to plan timely conservational management strategies, which is of prominent importance in the context of endangered poultry breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. I. Salgado Pardo
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Navas González
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Agriculture and Ecological Husbandry, Area of Agriculture and Environment, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Córdoba, Spain
- *Correspondence: Francisco Javier Navas González
| | - Antonio González Ariza
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Antonio González Ariza
| | - A. Arando Arbulu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J. M. León Jurado
- Agropecuary Provincial Centre, Córdoba Provincial Government, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J. V. Delgado Bermejo
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M. E. Camacho Vallejo
- Department of Agriculture and Ecological Husbandry, Area of Agriculture and Environment, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Córdoba, Spain
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Takamura A, Halamkova L, Ozawa T, Lednev IK. Phenotype Profiling for Forensic Purposes: Determining Donor Sex Based on Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy of Urine Traces. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6288-6295. [PMID: 30986037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Forensic science is an important field of analytical chemistry where vibrational spectroscopy, in particular Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, present advantages as they have a nondestructive nature, high selectivity, and no need for sample preparation. Herein, we demonstrate a method for determination of donor sex, based on attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy of dry urine traces. Trace body fluid evidence is of special importance to the modern criminal investigation as a source of individualizing DNA evidence. However, individual identification of a urine donor is generally difficult because of the small amount of DNA. Therefore, the development of an innovative method to provide phenotype information about the urine donor-including sex-is highly desirable. In this study, we developed a multivariate discriminant model for the ATR FT-IR spectra of dry urine to identify the donor sex. Rigorous selection of significant wavenumbers on the spectrum using a genetic algorithm enabled superb discrimination performance for the model and conclusively indicated a chemical origin for donor sex differences, which was supported by physiological knowledge. Although further investigations need to be conducted, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates the great potential of the developed methodology for phenotype profiling based on the analysis of urine traces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayari Takamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo , Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.,First Department of Forensic Science , National Research Institute of Police Science , 6-3-1, Kashiwanoha , Kashiwa , Chiba 277-0882 , Japan
| | - Lenka Halamkova
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, SUNY , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Takeaki Ozawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo , Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Igor K Lednev
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, SUNY , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
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Galli R, Preusse G, Uckermann O, Bartels T, Krautwald-Junghanns ME, Koch E, Steiner G. In ovo sexing of chicken eggs by fluorescence spectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 409:1185-1194. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-0116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Galli R, Preusse G, Uckermann O, Bartels T, Krautwald-Junghanns ME, Koch E, Steiner G. In Ovo Sexing of Domestic Chicken Eggs by Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2016; 88:8657-63. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thomas Bartels
- Clinic
for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 17, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Gerald Steiner
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 9 bl. 3, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Steiner G, Preusse G, Zimmerer C, Krautwald-Junghanns ME, Sablinskas V, Fuhrmann H, Koch E, Bartels T. Label free molecular sexing of monomorphic birds using infrared spectroscopic imaging. Talanta 2016; 150:155-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Burkhardt A, Meister S, Bergmann R, Koch E. Influence of storage on the position of the germinal disc in the fertilized unincubated chicken egg. Poult Sci 2011; 90:2169-73. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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