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Pina-Coronado C, Martínez-Sobrino Á, Gutiérrez-Gálvez L, Del Caño R, Martínez-Periñán E, García-Nieto D, Rodríguez-Peña M, Luna M, Milán-Rois P, Castellanos M, Abreu M, Cantón R, Galán JC, Pineda T, Pariente F, Somoza Á, García-Mendiola T, Miranda R, Lorenzo E. Methylene Blue functionalized carbon nanodots combined with different shape gold nanostructures for sensitive and selective SARS-CoV-2 sensing. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2022; 369:132217. [PMID: 35755181 PMCID: PMC9212675 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2022.132217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The development of DNA-sensing platforms based on new synthetized Methylene Blue functionalized carbon nanodots combined with different shape gold nanostructures (AuNs), as a new pathway to develop a selective and sensitive methodology for SARS-CoV-2 detection is presented. A mixture of gold nanoparticles and gold nanotriangles have been synthetized to modify disposable electrodes that act as an enhanced nanostructured electrochemical surface for DNA probe immobilization. On the other hand, modified carbon nanodots prepared a la carte to contain Methylene Blue (MB-CDs) are used as electrochemical indicators of the hybridization event. These MB-CDs, due to their structure, are able to interact differently with double and single-stranded DNA molecules. Based on this strategy, target sequences of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have been detected in a straightforward way and rapidly with a detection limit of 2.00 aM. Moreover, this platform allows the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 sequence in the presence of other viruses, and also a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs). The developed approach has been tested directly on RNA obtained from nasopharyngeal samples from COVID-19 patients, avoiding any amplification process. The results agree well with those obtained by RT-qPCR or reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Pina-Coronado
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Álvaro Martínez-Sobrino
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Laura Gutiérrez-Gálvez
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Rafael Del Caño
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Departamento de Química Física y Termodinámica Aplicada e Instituto Universitario de Nanoquímica, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain
| | - Emiliano Martínez-Periñán
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Daniel García-Nieto
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | - Micaela Rodríguez-Peña
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | - M Luna
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | - Paula Milán-Rois
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | | | - Melanie Abreu
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Rafael Cantón
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid 28034, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Galán
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid 28034, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Pineda
- Departamento de Química Física y Termodinámica Aplicada e Instituto Universitario de Nanoquímica, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14014, Spain
| | - Félix Pariente
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Álvaro Somoza
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Tania García-Mendiola
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Encarnación Lorenzo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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Gutiérrez-Gálvez L, García-Mendiola T, Gutiérrez-Sánchez C, Guerrero-Esteban T, García-Diego C, Buendía I, García-Bermejo ML, Pariente F, Lorenzo E. Carbon nanodot-based electrogenerated chemiluminescence biosensor for miRNA-21 detection. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:398. [PMID: 34716815 PMCID: PMC8557186 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05038-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple carbon nanodot–based electrogenerated chemiluminescence biosensor is described for sensitive and selective detection of microRNA-21 (miRNA-21), a biomarker of several pathologies including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The photoluminescent carbon nanodots (CNDs) were obtained using a new synthesis method, simply by treating tiger nut milk in a microwave reactor. The synthesis is environmentally friendly, simple, and efficient. The optical properties and morphological characteristics of the CNDs were exhaustively investigated, confirming that they have oxygen and nitrogen functional groups on their surfaces and exhibit excitation-dependent fluorescence emission, as well as photostability. They act as co-reactant agents in the anodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of [Ru(bpy)3]2+, producing different signals for the probe (single-stranded DNA) and the hybridized target (double-stranded DNA). These results paved the way for the development of a sensitive ECL biosensor for the detection of miRNA-21. This was developed by immobilization of a thiolated oligonucleotide, fully complementary to the miRNA-21 sequence, on the disposable gold electrode. The target miRNA-21 was hybridized with the probe on the electrode surface, and the hybridization was detected by the enhancement of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+/DNA ECL signal using CNDs. The biosensor shows a linear response to miRNA-21 concentration up to 100.0 pM with a detection limit of 0.721 fM. The method does not require complex labeling steps, and has a rapid response. It was successfully used to detect miRNA-21 directly in serum samples from heart failure patients without previous RNA extraction neither amplification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gutiérrez-Gálvez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania García-Mendiola
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,IMDEA Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Gutiérrez-Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Tamara Guerrero-Esteban
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Diego
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Marie Curie 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Buendía
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Laura García-Bermejo
- Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Group and Core Facility, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Pariente
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarnación Lorenzo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Martínez-Periñán E, Gutiérrez-Sánchez C, García-Mendiola T, Lorenzo E. Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors Using Screen-Printed Electrodes. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10090118. [PMID: 32916838 PMCID: PMC7559215 DOI: 10.3390/bios10090118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (also called electrochemiluminescence (ECL)) has become a great focus of attention in different fields of analysis, mainly as a consequence of the potential remarkably high sensitivity and wide dynamic range. In the particular case of sensing applications, ECL biosensor unites the benefits of the high selectivity of biological recognition elements and the high sensitivity of ECL analysis methods. Hence, it is a powerful analytical device for sensitive detection of different analytes of interest in medical prognosis and diagnosis, food control and environment. These wide range of applications are increased by the introduction of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). Disposable SPE-based biosensors cover the need to perform in-situ measurements with portable devices quickly and accurately. In this review, we sum up the latest biosensing applications and current progress on ECL bioanalysis combined with disposable SPEs in the field of bio affinity ECL sensors including immunosensors, DNA analysis and catalytic ECL sensors. Furthermore, the integration of nanomaterials with particular physical and chemical properties in the ECL biosensing systems has improved tremendously their sensitivity and overall performance, being one of the most appropriates research fields for the development of highly sensitive ECL biosensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Martínez-Periñán
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.-P.); (C.G.-S.); (T.G.-M.)
| | - Cristina Gutiérrez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.-P.); (C.G.-S.); (T.G.-M.)
| | - Tania García-Mendiola
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.-P.); (C.G.-S.); (T.G.-M.)
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarnación Lorenzo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.-P.); (C.G.-S.); (T.G.-M.)
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-497-4488
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Muti M, Muti M. Electrochemical Determination of Label Free BRCA Hybridization by Single Use Antioxidant Modified Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Muti
- Adnan Menderes University; Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry; 09010 Aydın Turkey
- Adnan Menderes University; Söke Vocational School, Mechatronics Program; 09200 Aydın Turkey
| | - Mihrican Muti
- Adnan Menderes University; Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry; 09010 Aydın Turkey
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García-González R, Costa-García A, Fernández-Abedul MT. Enzymatic amplification-free nucleic acid hybridisation sensing on nanostructured thick-film electrodes by using covalently attached methylene blue. Talanta 2015; 142:11-9. [PMID: 26003686 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Amplification-free (referring to enzymatic amplification step) detection methodologies are increasing in biosensor development due to the need of faster and simpler protocols. However, for maintaining sensitivity without this step, highly detectable molecules or very sensitive detection techniques are required. The nanostructuration of transducer surfaces with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) or both in nanohybrid configurations has been employed in this work for DNA hybridisation sensing purposes. Methylene blue (MB), covalently attached to single stranded DNA, (ssDNA) was incubated with a complementary sequence immobilized on nanostructured screen-printed electrodes (AuSPEs). Although CNTs can increase notoriously the signal of the marker, adsorptive properties should also be considered when bioassays are performed because non-specific adsorption (NSA) phenomena are magnified. In this work, strategies for decreasing NSA were thoroughly evaluated for the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) on CNTs-nanostructured screen-printed electrodes. Among them, the employ of UV-radiation or long incubation times (72h) allowed obtaining higher signals for the complementary strand with respect to the non-complementary one. The use of CNTs/AuNPs nanohybrids, together with the use of streptavidin-biotin (ST-B) interaction allows the higher differentiation (with a 3.5 ratio) in the genosensing of M. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel García-González
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Agustín Costa-García
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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García-Mendiola T, Barreiro Martínez T, Pariente F, Molano J, Lorenzo E. Screening of Specific Gene Mutations Associated with Cystic Fibrosis. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Nanostructured rough gold electrodes as platforms to enhance the sensitivity of electrochemical genosensors. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 788:141-7. [PMID: 23845493 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical DNA genosensor constructed by using rough gold as electrode support is reported in this work. The electrode surface nanopatterning was accomplished by repetitive square-wave perturbing potential (RSWPP). A synthetic 25-mer DNA capture probe, modified at the 5' end with a hexaalkylthiol, able to hybridize with a specific sequence of lacZ gene from the Enterobacteriaceae bacterial family was assembled to the rough gold surface. A 25 bases synthetic sequence fully complementary to the thiolated DNA capture probe and a 326 bases fragment of lacZ containing a fully matched sequence with the capture probe, which was amplified by a specific asymmetric polymerase chain reaction (aPCR), were employed as target sequences. The hybridization event was electrochemically monitored by using two different indicators, hexaammineruthenium (III) chloride showing an electrostatic DNA binding mode, and pentaamineruthenium-[3-(2-phenanthren-9-yl-vinyl)-pyridine] (in brief RuL) which binds to double stranded DNA (dsDNA) following an intercalative mechanism. After optimization of the different variables involved in the hybridization and detection reactions, detection limits of 5.30 pg μL(-1) and 10 pg μL(-1) were obtained for the 25-mer synthetic target DNA and the aPCR amplicon, respectively. A RSD value of 6% was obtained for measurements carried out with 3 different genosensors prepared in the same manner.
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Campuzano S, Kuralay F, Wang J. Ternary Monolayer Interfaces for Ultrasensitive and Direct Bioelectronic Detection of Nucleic Acids in Complex Matrices. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kuralay F, Campuzano S, Haake DA, Wang J. Highly sensitive disposable nucleic acid biosensors for direct bioelectronic detection in raw biological samples. Talanta 2011; 85:1330-7. [PMID: 21807191 PMCID: PMC4386838 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The development of rapid, low-cost and reliable diagnostic methods is crucial for the identification and treatment of many diseases. Screen-printed gold electrodes (Au/SPEs), coated with a ternary monolayer interface, involving hexanedithiol (HDT), a specific thiolated capture probe (SHCP), and 6-mercapto-1 hexanol (MCH) (SHCP/HDT/MCH) are shown here to offer direct and sensitive detection of nucleic acid hybridization events in untreated raw biological samples (serum, urine and crude bacterial lysate solutions). The composition of the ternary monolayer was modified and tailored to the surface of the Au/SPE. The resulting SHCP/HDT/MCH monolayer has demonstrated to be extremely useful for enhancing the performance of disposable nucleic acid sensors based on screen-printed electrodes. Compared to common SHCP/MCH binary interfaces, the new ternary self-assembled monolayer (SAM) resulted in a 10-fold improvement in the signal (S)-to-noise (N) ratio (S/N) for 1 nM target DNA. The SHCP/HDT/MCH-modified Au/SPEs allowed the direct quantification of the target DNA down to 25 pM (0.25 fmol) and 100 pM (1 fmol) in undiluted/untreated serum and urine samples, respectively, and of 16S rRNA Escherichia coli (E. coli) corresponding to 3000 CFU μL(-1) in raw cell lysate samples. The new SAM-coated screen-printed electrodes also displayed favorable non-fouling properties after a 24h exposure to raw human serum and urine samples, offering great promise as cost-effective nucleic acid sensors for a wide range of decentralized genetic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Kuralay
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Susana Campuzano
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David A. Haake
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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García T, Revenga-Parra M, Sobrino B, Carracedo A, Alonso C, Lorenzo E, Pariente F. Electrochemical DNA base pairs quantification and endonuclease cleavage detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 27:40-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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