1
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Pathak A, Verma N, Tripathi S, Mishra A, Poluri KM. Nanosensor based approaches for quantitative detection of heparin. Talanta 2024; 273:125873. [PMID: 38460425 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Heparin, being a widely employed anticoagulant in numerus clinical complications, requires strict quantification and qualitative screening to ensure the safety of patients from potential threat of thrombocytopenia. However, the intricacy of heparin's chemical structures and low abundance hinders the precise monitoring of its level and quality in clinical settings. Conventional laboratory assays have limitations in sensitivity and specificity, necessitating the development of innovative approaches. In this context, nanosensors emerged as a promising solution due to enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and ability to detect heparin even at low concentrations. This review delves into a range of sensing approaches including colorimetric, fluorometric, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical techniques using different types of nanomaterials, thus providing insights of its principles, capabilities, and limitations. Moreover, integration of smart-phone with nanosensors for point of care diagnostics has also been explored. Additionally, recent advances in nanopore technologies, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have been discussed offering specificity against contaminants present in heparin to ensure its quality. By consolidating current knowledge and highlighting the potential of nanosensors, this review aims to contribute to the advancement of efficient, reliable, and economical heparin detection methods providing improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Pathak
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nishchay Verma
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shweta Tripathi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342011, Rajasthan, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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2
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Mruthunjaya AKV, Torriero AAJ. Electrochemical Monitoring in Anticoagulation Therapy. Molecules 2024; 29:1453. [PMID: 38611733 PMCID: PMC11012951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of blood coagulation, wherein circulating blood transforms into a clot in response to an internal or external injury, is a critical physiological mechanism. Monitoring this coagulation process is vital to ensure that blood clotting neither occurs too rapidly nor too slowly. Anticoagulants, a category of medications designed to prevent and treat blood clots, require meticulous monitoring to optimise dosage, enhance clinical outcomes, and minimise adverse effects. This review article delves into the various stages of blood coagulation, explores commonly used anticoagulants and their targets within the coagulation enzyme system, and emphasises the electrochemical methods employed in anticoagulant testing. Electrochemical sensors for anticoagulant monitoring are categorised into two types. The first type focuses on assays measuring thrombin activity via electrochemical techniques. The second type involves modified electrode surfaces that either directly measure the redox behaviours of anticoagulants or monitor the responses of standard redox probes in the presence of these drugs. This review comprehensively lists different electrode compositions and their detection and quantification limits. Additionally, it discusses the potential of employing a universal calibration plot to replace individual drug-specific calibrations. The presented insights are anticipated to significantly contribute to the sensor community's efforts in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angel A. J. Torriero
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood 3125, Australia
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3
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Determination of polyanion utilizing a promoted glucose oxidase enzymatic reaction by ε-poly-L-lysine. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:1333-1337. [PMID: 35867308 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00163-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a sensitive determination method for polyanion using a glucose oxidase (GOx) enzymatic reaction with ferricyanide ion is described. We previously reported that the GOx enzymatic reaction was significantly promoted by a cationic polymer of ε-poly-L-lysine (εPL), and the enzymatic reaction could be utilized for the determination of εPL. Generally, polycation stoichiometrically forms polyion complex with polyanion. Thus, it is expected that the promotion effect of εPL on the enzymatic reaction is interfered by polyanion, and the enzymatic reaction is also applicable to the determination of polyanion. Predictably, the promotion effect of εPL was stoichiometrically interfered by polyanions, such as polyvinyl sulfate and polyacrylate, and the interference effect allowed for the determination of the polyanions. The detection limit of polyanion was estimated to be ~ 0.3 μeq L-1. As a preliminary application, the proposed method was applied to the determination of anionic polymer of heparin in a human plasma.
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4
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Zheng A, Zhang W, Li C, Guo Z, Li C, Zhang C, Yao J, Zhang Z, Li J, Zhao S, Zhou L. The heparinase-linked differential time method allows detection of heparin potency in whole blood with high sensitivity and dynamic range. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 198:113856. [PMID: 34871836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Anticoagulation therapy with heparin is an effective treatment against thrombosis. Heparin tends to cause spontaneous bleeding and requires regular monitoring during therapy. Most high-sensitivity heparin sensors have focused on the concentration detection in clarified buffer solution. However, the pharmacodynamics of heparin vary depending on individual patient or disease, while potency detection with high sensitivity and dynamic range outperforms concentration detection in clinical diagnosis. In this study, a novel heparinase-linked differential time (HLDT) method was established with a two-zone of Graphene modified Carbon (GR-C) sensor, which was utilized to evaluate heparin potency in whole blood. It was based on electrochemical measurement of clotting time shifting associated with presence or absence of heparinase. Heparinase inhibits the anticoagulant ability of heparin by forming a heparin-antithrombin-thrombin complex during coagulation. And the intensity and peak time of electrochemical current were associated with thrombin activity and clotting on the electrode. The results demonstrated that the sensor had high selectivity for heparin potency in 10 μL of whole blood with a detection limit of 0.1 U/mL, and the linear detection range was 0.1-5 U/mL. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the peak time was less than 5%, and linear correlation between the GR-C sensor and the TEG-5000 instrument was 0.987. Thus, the HLDT method has better clinical application due to its good repeatability, high sensitivity and wide range in heparin potency evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anran Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China; Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China; Suzhou CASENS Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215163, China; Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Chuanyu Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China; Suzhou CASENS Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Changsong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215153, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia Yao
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Jinze Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Shasha Zhao
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Lianqun Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China; Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, 528000, China.
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5
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Ou L, Yang F, Luo J, Duan J, Sun A, Chen L, Wang L. A turn‐on fluorescence assay for heparin based on
DNA
‐templated gold nanoclusters via
ET. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LiJuan Ou
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of Technology Hengyang P. R. China
| | - FaGuo Yang
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of Technology Hengyang P. R. China
| | - JianXin Luo
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of Technology Hengyang P. R. China
| | - JiaoJie Duan
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of Technology Hengyang P. R. China
| | - Aiming Sun
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of Technology Hengyang P. R. China
| | - LanLan Chen
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of Technology Hengyang P. R. China
| | - LingYun Wang
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of Technology Hengyang P. R. China
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6
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Mao C, Yuan D, Wang L, Bakker E. Separating boundary potential changes at thin solid contact ion transfer voltammetric membrane electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Lindner E, Guzinski M, Pendley B, Chaum E. Plasticized PVC Membrane Modified Electrodes: Voltammetry of Highly Hydrophobic Compounds. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E202. [PMID: 32867276 PMCID: PMC7558981 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10090202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the last 50 years, plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membranes have gained unique importance in chemical sensor development. Originally, these membranes separated two solutions in conventional ion-selective electrodes. Later, the same membranes were applied over a variety of supporting electrodes and used in both potentiometric and voltammetric measurements of ions and electrically charged molecules. The focus of this paper is to demonstrate the utility of the plasticized PVC membrane modified working electrode for the voltammetric measurement of highly lipophilic molecules. The plasticized PVC membrane prevents electrode fouling, extends the detection limit of the voltammetric methods to sub-micromolar concentrations, and minimizes interference by electrochemically active hydrophilic analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernő Lindner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Marcin Guzinski
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (M.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Bradford Pendley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Edward Chaum
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (M.G.); (E.C.)
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8
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Co-deposition of silica and proteins at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 134:107529. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Fan L, Jia D, Zhang W, Ding Y. Chemical sensors for selective and quantitative heparin sensing. Analyst 2020; 145:7809-7824. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01562h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this review article, chemical sensors for selective and quantitative heparin sensing are discussed with detailed examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangfei Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
| | - Dongmin Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
| | - Yubin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
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10
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Ma X, Kou X, Xu Y, Yang D, Miao P. Colorimetric sensing strategy for heparin assay based on PDDA-induced aggregation of gold nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:486-489. [PMID: 36132260 PMCID: PMC9473268 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00162f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a highly sensitive colorimetric sensor for the detection of heparin based on its anti-aggregation effect of the PDDA-gold nanoparticle colloidal system. PDDA-induced non-crosslinking aggregation of gold nanoparticles is firstly investigated and the phenomenon of heparin mediated color recovery is then observed, which can be used to indicate the concentration of heparin. This method is proved to be highly sensitive and selective. Moreover, it has been successfully applied to determine human blood serum samples, the results of which demonstrate great potential practical utility with simple operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Ma
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215163 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Kou
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215163 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P. R. China
| | - Dawei Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215163 P. R. China
| | - Peng Miao
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215163 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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11
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ZHONG LJ, GAO LF, LI FH, GAN SY, NIU L. Neurotransmitter Biomolecule Transfers Across Liquid/Liquid Interface Through A Thick Organic Membrane-Modified Electrode. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(18)61137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Jeevarathinam AS, Pai N, Huang K, Hariri A, Wang J, Bai Y, Wang L, Hancock T, Keys S, Penny W, Jokerst JV. A cellulose-based photoacoustic sensor to measure heparin concentration and activity in human blood samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 126:831-837. [PMID: 30602265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Heparin is an indispensable drug in anticoagulation therapy but with a narrow therapeutic window, which dictates regular testing and dose adjustment. However, current monitoring tools have a long turnaround time or are operator intensive. In this work, we describe a cellulose-based photoacoustic sensor for heparin. The sensors have a turnaround time of 6 min for whole blood samples and 3 min for plasma samples regardless of heparin concentration. These sensors have a limit of detection of 0.28 U/ml heparin in human plasma and 0.29 U/ml in whole blood with a linear response (Pearson's r = 0.99) from 0 to 2 U/ml heparin in plasma and blood samples. The relative standard deviation was < 12.5% in plasma and < 17.5% in whole blood. This approach was validated with heparin-spiked whole human blood and had a linear correlation with the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) (r = 0.99). We then studied 16 sets of clinical samples-these had a linear correlation with the activated clotting time (ACT) (Pearson's r = 0.86, P < 0.0001). The photoacoustic signal was also validated against the cumulative heparin dose (Pearson's r = 0.71, P < 0.0001). This approach could have applications in bed-side heparin assays for continuous heparin monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Navin Pai
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Kevin Huang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Ali Hariri
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Junxin Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Yuting Bai
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Tiffany Hancock
- Cardiology Unit, VA Healthcare System, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, United States
| | - Stanley Keys
- Cardiology Unit, VA Healthcare System, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, United States
| | - William Penny
- Cardiology Unit, VA Healthcare System, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, United States
| | - Jesse V Jokerst
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Materials Science Program and Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
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13
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Izadyar A. Stripping Voltammetry at the Interface between two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions: A Review Paper. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Izadyar
- Department of Chemistry and Physics; Arkansas State University, PO Box 419; State University; AR 72467 USA
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14
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Felisilda BMB, Payne AD, Arrigan DWM. Electrochemical Behavior and Detection of Sulfated Sucrose at a Liquid|Organogel Microinterface Array. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10256-10262. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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15
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Wu XM, Zhang F, Li Y. Facile synthesis of near-infrared emitting dBSA-templated Cu nanoclusters for sensitive detection of heparin. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:5466-5475. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01733f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The near-infrared emitting dBSA-Cu NCs were synthesized through a facile synthesis route and were applied for ultra-sensitive detection of heparin in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Man Wu
- Key laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
| | - Fei Zhang
- Key laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
| | - Yan Li
- Key laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
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16
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Katano H, Uematsu K, Kuroda Y, Osakai T. Ion transfer at the interface between water and fluorous solvent 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Applicability of a fluorous solvent 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane for the non-aqueous medium in liquid-liquid electrochemistry. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Felisilda BMB, Alvarez de Eulate E, Stringer DN, Fitton JH, Arrigan DWM. Electrochemical behaviour at a liquid-organogel microinterface array of fucoidan extracted from algae. Analyst 2017; 142:3194-3202. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00761b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical behaviour of fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide, was investigated, leading to a detection strategy by adsorptive stripping voltammetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bren Mark B. Felisilda
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- Curtin University
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Eva Alvarez de Eulate
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- Curtin University
- Perth
- Australia
| | | | | | - Damien W. M. Arrigan
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- Curtin University
- Perth
- Australia
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19
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You JG, Liu YW, Lu CY, Tseng WL, Yu CJ. Colorimetric assay of heparin in plasma based on the inhibition of oxidase-like activity of citrate-capped platinum nanoparticles. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 92:442-448. [PMID: 27836604 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report citrate-capped platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) as oxidase mimetics for effectively catalyzing the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), dopamine, and methylene blue in the presence of O2. To confirm oxidase-like activity of citrate-capped Pt NPs, their activity toward oxygen reduction reaction was studied using cyclic voltammetry and rotating ring-disk electrode method. The results obtained showed that Pt NP NPs can catalyze the oxidation of organic substrates to the colored product and the reduction of oxygen to water through a four-electron exchange process. Because the aggregation of Pt NPs can inhibit their oxidase-like activity and protamine can recognize heparin, we prepared the protamine-modified Pt NPs through direct adsorption on the surface of citrate-capped Pt NPs. The electrostatic attraction between heparin and protamine-stabilized Pt NPs induced nanoparticle aggregation, inhibiting their catalytic activity. Therefore, the lowest detectable heparin concentrations through UV-vis absorption and by the naked eye were estimated to be 0.3 and 60nM, respectively. Moreover, the proposed system enabled the determination of the therapeutic heparin concentration in a single drop of blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyun-Guo You
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Wen Liu
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, University of Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lung Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Ju Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, University of Taipei, Taiwan.
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20
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Hasanzadeh M, Shadjou N. Electrochemical nanobiosensing in whole blood: Recent advances. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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21
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Lee HJ, Arrigan DWM, Karim MN, Kim H. Amperometric Ion Sensing Approaches at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces for Inorganic, Organic and Biological Ions. ELECTROCHEMICAL STRATEGIES IN DETECTION SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/9781782622529-00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) has become an invaluable tool for the selective and sensitive detection of cationic and anionic species, including charged drug molecules and proteins. In addition, neutral molecules can also be detected at the ITIES via enzymatic reactions. This chapter highlights recent developments towards creating a wide spectrum of sensing platforms involving ion transfer across the ITIES. As well as outlining the basic principles needed for performing these sensing applications, the development of ITIES-based detection strategies for inorganic, organic, and biological ions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu Daegu-city 702-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Damien W. M. Arrigan
- Nanochemistry Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University GPO Box U1987 Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
| | - Md. Nurul Karim
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu Daegu-city 702-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu Daegu-city 702-701 Republic of Korea
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22
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Uematsu K, Maruyama C, Hamano Y, Katano H. Ion-transfer voltammetry of streptothricin antibiotics with differently sized lysine oligomers at a nitrobenzene | water interface. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Investigation of a solvent-cast organogel to form a liquid-gel microinterface array for electrochemical detection of lysozyme. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 893:34-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Mansfeldová V, Janda P, Tarábková H, Kaleta J. Interface of Two Immiscible Electrolytes as a Potentiometric Sensor for Flow Analysis. ANAL LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2015.1010651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Cuartero M, Crespo GA, Bakker E. Paper-Based Thin-Layer Coulometric Sensor for Halide Determination. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1981-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504400w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cuartero
- Department
of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gastón A. Crespo
- Department
of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department
of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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26
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Herzog G. Recent developments in electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions for ion sensing. Analyst 2015; 140:3888-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an00601e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The most recent developments on electrochemical sensing of ions at the liquid–liquid interface are reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Herzog
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME)
- UMR 7564
- CNRS – Université de Lorraine
- Villers-lès-Nancy
- France
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27
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Cuartero M, Crespo GA, Ghahraman Afshar M, Bakker E. Exhaustive Thin-Layer Cyclic Voltammetry for Absolute Multianalyte Halide Detection. Anal Chem 2014; 86:11387-95. [DOI: 10.1021/ac503344f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cuartero
- Department
of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gastón A. Crespo
- Department
of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Majid Ghahraman Afshar
- Department
of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department
of Inorganic and
Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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28
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Crespo GA, Afshar MG, Dorokhin D, Bakker E. Thin layer coulometry based on ion-exchanger membranes for heparin detection in undiluted human blood. Anal Chem 2014; 86:1357-60. [PMID: 24400738 DOI: 10.1021/ac403902f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We explore here for the first time a potentially calibration-free methodology for the detection of protamine (and, by titration, heparin) in undiluted human blood in the therapeutic concentration range from 20 to 120 mg L(-1). The use of a thin layer sample (5.8 μL) confined between a tubular protamine selective membrane (inner diameter, 600 μm) and a Ag/AgCl wire (diameter 400 μm) achieves an exhaustive depletion from the sample. Coulometry detection was chosen for the interrogation of the thin layer, employing a double pulse technique with 120 s for each pulse. Protamine calibration curves were recorded at physiological concentrations and in undiluted human blood. A linear relationship was obtained in both cases, but a diminished sensitivity was observed in contact with blood, which is explained with a partial passivation of the inner Ag/AgCl element. Heparin-protamine titrations were performed in undiluted human blood samples, mimicking the final application with patients undergoing critical care. The observed values correlate satisfactorily with those of an alternative technique, so-called flash-chronopotentiometry on planar membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón A Crespo
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva , Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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29
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Chiang TY, Lin CH. A microfluidic chip for ammonium sensing incorporating ion-selective membranes formed by surface tension forces. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45809a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Abstract
Here we review the recent applications of ion transfer (IT) at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) for electrochemical sensing and imaging. In particular, we focus on the development and recent applications of the nanopipet-supported ITIES and double-polymer-modified electrode, which enable the dynamic electrochemical measurements of IT at nanoscopic and macroscopic ITIES, respectively. High-quality IT voltammograms are obtainable using either technique to quantitatively assess the kinetics and dynamic mechanism of IT at the ITIES. Nanopipet-supported ITIES serves as an amperometric tip for scanning electrochemical microscopy to allow for unprecedentedly high-resolution electrochemical imaging. Voltammetric ion sensing at double-polymer-modified electrodes offers high sensitivity and unique multiple-ion selectivity. The promising future applications of these dynamic approaches for bioanalysis and electrochemical imaging are also discussed.
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31
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Arrigan D, Herzog G, Scanlon M, Strutwolf J. Bioanalytical Applications of Electrochemistry at Liquid-Liquid Microinterfaces. ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY: A SERIES OF ADVANCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1201/b15576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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32
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Dale SEC, Chan Y, Bulman Page PC, Barnes EO, Compton RG, Marken F. A gold-gold oil microtrench electrode for liquid-liquid anion transfer voltammetry. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:1979-84. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yohan Chan
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich; Norfolk; UK
| | | | - Edward O. Barnes
- Department of Chemistry; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory; Oxford University; Oxford; UK
| | - Richard G. Compton
- Department of Chemistry; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory; Oxford University; Oxford; UK
| | - Frank Marken
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Bath; UK
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33
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O'Sullivan S, Alvarez de Eulate E, Yuen YH, Helmerhorst E, Arrigan DWM. Stripping voltammetric detection of insulin at liquid–liquid microinterfaces in the presence of bovine albumin. Analyst 2013; 138:6192-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an01123b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Bromfield SM, Wilde E, Smith DK. Heparin sensing and binding – taking supramolecular chemistry towards clinical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:9184-95. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60278h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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Crespo GA, Bakker E. Dynamic electrochemistry with ionophore based ion-selective membranes. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43751e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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36
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Alvarez de Eulate E, Serls L, Arrigan DWM. Detection of haemoglobin using an adsorption approach at a liquid–liquid microinterface array. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:3801-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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37
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Alizadeh N, Saburi N, Hosseini SE. Rapid determination of benzoate in soft drinks by solid-state benzoate ion selective sensor based on conducting polypyrrole film. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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38
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39
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Langmaier J, Samec Z, Samcová E, Tůma P. Transfer of heparin polyion across a polarized water/ionic liquid membrane interface. Electrochem commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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40
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Kivlehan F, Garay F, Guo J, Chaum E, Lindner E. Toward feedback-controlled anesthesia: voltammetric measurement of propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) in serum-like electrolyte solutions. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7670-6. [PMID: 22900668 DOI: 10.1021/ac3006878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Propofol is a widely used, potent intravenous anesthetic for ambulatory anesthesia and long-term sedation. The target steady state concentration of propofol in blood is 0.25-10 μg/mL (1-60 μM). Although propofol can be oxidized electrochemically, monitoring its concentration in biological matrixes is very challenging due to (i) low therapeutic concentration, (ii) high concentrations of easily oxidizable interfering compounds in the sample, and (iii) fouling of the working electrode. In this work we report the performance characteristics of an organic film coated glassy carbon (GC) electrode for continuous monitoring of propofol. The organic film (a plasticized PVC membrane) improved the detection limit and the selectivity of the voltammetric sensor due to the large difference in hydrophobicity between the analyte (propofol) and interfering compounds of the sample, e.g., ascorbic acid (AA) or p-acetamidophenol (APAP). Furthermore, the membrane coating prevented electrode fouling and served as a protective barrier against electrode passivation by proteins. Studies revealed that sensitivity and selectivity of the voltammetric method is greatly influenced by the composition of the PVC membrane. The detection limit of the membrane-coated sensor for propofol in PBS is reported as 0.03 ± 0.01 μM. In serum-like electrolyte solutions containing physiologically relevant levels of albumin (5%) and 3 mM AA and 1 mM APAP as interfering agents, the detection limit was 0.5 ± 0.4 μM. Both values are below the target concentrations used clinically during anesthesia or sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Kivlehan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Tennessee 38152, USA
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41
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Kabagambe B, Izadyar A, Amemiya S. Stripping voltammetry of nanomolar potassium and ammonium ions using a valinomycin-doped double-polymer electrode. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7979-86. [PMID: 22891987 DOI: 10.1021/ac301773w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report on the first application of an ionophore-doped double-polymer electrode for ion-transfer stripping voltammetry (ITSV) to explore the nanomolar limit of detection (LOD) and multiple-ion detectability. We developed a theoretical model for ITSV at a thin ionophore-doped membrane on the solid supporting electrode to demonstrate that its LOD is controlled by the equilibrium preconcentration of an aqueous analyte ion as an ionophore complex into the thin polymer membrane and is lowered by the formation of a more stable ion-ionophore complex. The theoretical predictions were confirmed using valinomycin as a K(+)-selective ionophore, which forms a ∼60 times more stable complex with K(+) than with NH(4)(+), as confirmed by cyclic voltammetry. A LOD of 0.6 nM K(+) was achieved by ITSV using commercial ultrapure water as a K(+)-free media, where NH(4)(+) contamination at a higher concentration was also detected by ITSV. The dependence of the ITSV response on the preconcentration time was monitored under the rotating-electrode configuration and analyzed theoretically to directly determine ∼100 nM NH(4)(+) and ∼5 nM K(+) contaminations in commercial ultrapure water and laboratory-purified water, respectively, without the background ITSV measurement of an analyte-free blank solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kabagambe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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42
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Molina Á, Serna C, Ortuño JA, Torralba E. Studies of ion transfer across liquid membranes by electrochemical techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2pc90005j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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43
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Molina Á, Torralba E, Serna C, Martínez-Ortíz F, Laborda E. Some insights into the facilitated ion transfer voltammetric responses at ITIES exhibiting interfacial and bulk membrane kinetic effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:15340-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42307c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Molina
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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44
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Yan H, Wang HF. Turn-on room temperature phosphorescence assay of heparin with tunable sensitivity and detection window based on target-induced self-assembly of polyethyleneimine capped Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots. Anal Chem 2011; 83:8589-95. [PMID: 21988331 DOI: 10.1021/ac201992p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) turn-on assay of heparin with tunable sensitivity and detection window was demonstrated on the basis of the target induced self-assembly of polyethyleneimine capped Mn-doped ZnS (PEI-Mn-ZnS) QDs. The proposed method can cover the whole therapeutic dosing concentration range in postoperation and long-term therapy (0.2-1.2 U/mL, 1.7-10 μM) and cardiovascular surgery (2-8 U/mL, 17-67 μM) in 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4) buffer and can be applied for heparin determination in 100-fold diluted human serum samples. The tunable sensitivity and detection window was ascribed to the tunable particle size and ligand loading amount of PEI-Mn-ZnS QD arising from the chain length (or molecule weight) and feed amount of PEI. The chain length of PEI exhibited significant effect on the particle size and ligand loading amount and ultimately had important influence on both the sensitivity and detection window. The feeding amount of PEI, however, greatly affected the ligand loading amount alone and, in turn, affected only the detection window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yan
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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45
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Ishimatsu R, Izadyar A, Kabagambe B, Kim Y, Kim J, Amemiya S. Electrochemical mechanism of ion-ionophore recognition at plasticized polymer membrane/water interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:16300-8. [PMID: 21882873 DOI: 10.1021/ja207297q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report on the first electrochemical study that reveals the kinetics and molecular level mechanism of heterogeneous ion-ionophore recognition at plasticized polymer membrane/water interfaces. The new kinetic data provide greater understanding of this important ion-transfer (IT) process, which determines various dynamic characteristics of the current technologies that enable highly selective ion sensing and separation. The theoretical assessment of the reliable voltammetric data confirms that the dynamics of the ionophore-facilitated IT follows the one-step electrochemical (E) mechanism controlled by ion-ionophore complexation at the very interface in contrast to the thermodynamically equivalent two-step electrochemical-chemical (EC) mechanism based on the simple transfer of an aqueous ion followed by its complexation in the bulk membrane. Specifically, cyclic voltammograms of Ag(+), K(+), Ca(2+), Ba(2+), and Pb(2+) transfers facilitated by highly selective ionophores are measured and analyzed numerically using the E mechanism to obtain standard IT rate constants in the range of 10(-2) to 10(-3) cm/s at both plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane/water and 1,2-dichloroethane/water interfaces. We demonstrate that these strongly facilitated IT processes are too fast to be ascribed to the EC mechanism. Moreover, the little effect of the viscosity of nonaqueous media on the IT kinetics excludes the EC mechanism, where the kinetics of simple IT is viscosity-dependent. Finally, we employ molecular level models for the E mechanism to propose three-dimensional ion-ionophore complexation at the two-dimensional interface as the unique kinetic requirement for the thermodynamically facilitated IT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Ishimatsu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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46
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Kang Y, Gwon K, Shin JH, Nam H, Meyerhoff ME, Cha GS. Highly sensitive potentiometric strip test for detecting high charge density impurities in heparin. Anal Chem 2011; 83:3957-62. [PMID: 21500820 DOI: 10.1021/ac103090m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Contamination of heparin with oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) became a matter of grave concern in the medical field after many fatal responses to OSCS tainted heparin products occurred during the 2007-2008 period. Even though standard lab-based analytical techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and strong anion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography (SAX-HPLC) have proven useful for monitoring the OSCS content in heparin products, an easy-to-use, quick, portable, and cost-efficient method is still needed for on-site monitoring during and after the heparin production. In this report, a disposable strip-type electrochemical polyion sensor is described for detection of low levels of OSCS contamination in heparin. A magnetic actuator is incorporated into this simple electrode-based microfluidic device in order to create the mixing effect necessary to achieve equilibrium potential changes of the sensor within a microfluidic channel. The planar membrane electrode detector within the sample channel is prepared with a tridodecylmethylammonium chloride (TDMAC)-doped poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane essentially equivalent to previously reported polyanion-sensitive electrodes. When the concentration of heparin applied to the single-use strip device is 57 mg/mL (in only 20 μL of sample), the same concentration recommended in the NMR analysis protocol for detecting OSCS in heparin, the detection limit is 0.005 wt % of OSCS, which is ca. 20 times lower than the reported detection limit of the NMR method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjea Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
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