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Sharma B, Gadi R. Analytical Tools and Methods for Explosive Analysis in Forensics: A Critical Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-27. [PMID: 37934616 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2274927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes (i) compositions and types of improvised explosive devices; (ii) the process of collection, extraction and analysis of explosive evidence encountered in explosive and related cases; (iii) inter-comparison of analytical techniques; (iv) the challenges and prospects of explosive detection technology. The highlights of this study include extensive information regarding the National & International standards specified by USEPA, ASTM, and so on, for explosives detection. The holistic development of analytical tools for explosive analysis ranging from conventional methods to advanced analytical tools is also covered in this article. The most important aspect of this review is to make forensic scientists familiar with the challenges during explosive analysis and the steps to avoid them. The problems during analysis can be analyte-based, that is, interferences due to matrix or added molding/stabilizing agents, trace amount of parent explosives in post-blast samples and many more. Others are techniques-based challenges viz. specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity of the technique. Thus, it has become a primary concern to adopt rapid, field deployable, and highly sensitive techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhumika Sharma
- Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities, Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, Delhi, India
| | - Ranu Gadi
- Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities, Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, Delhi, India
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2
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Sağlam Ş, Üzer A, Apak R. Direct Determination of Peroxide Explosives on Polycarbazole/Gold Nanoparticle-Modified Glassy Carbon Sensor Electrodes Imprinted for Molecular Recognition of TATP and HMTD. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17662-17669. [PMID: 36472413 PMCID: PMC9773174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since peroxide-based explosives (PBEs) lack reactive functional groups, they cannot be determined directly by most detection methods and are often detected indirectly by converting them to H2O2. However, H2O2 may originate from many sources, causing false positives in PBE detection. Here, we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for the direct sensitive and selective determination of PBEs such as triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) using electrochemical modification of the glassy carbon (GC) electrode with PBE-memory polycarbazole (PCz) films decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The prepared electrodes were named TATP-memory-GC/PCz/AuNPs (used for TATP determination) and HMTD-memory-GC/PCz/AuNPs (used for HMTD detection). The calibration lines of TATP and HMTD were found in the concentration range of 0.1-1.0 mg L-1 using the net current intensities of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) versus analyte concentrations. The limit of detection (LOD) commonly found was 15 μg L-1 for TATP and HMTD. The sensor electrodes could separately determine intact TATP and HMTD in the presence of nitro-aromatic, nitramine, and nitrate ester energetic materials. The proposed electrochemical sensing method was not interfered by electroactive substances such as paracetamol, caffeine, acetylsalicylic acid, aspartame, d-glucose, and detergent (containing perborate and percarbonate) used as camouflage materials for PBEs. This is the first molecularly imprinted polymeric electrode for PBEs accomplishing such low LODs, and the DPV method was statistically validated in contaminated clay soil samples against the GC-MS method for TATP and a spectrophotometric method for HMTD using t- and F-tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şener Sağlam
- Engineering
Faculty, Chemistry Department, Istanbul
University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, 34320Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşem Üzer
- Engineering
Faculty, Chemistry Department, Istanbul
University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, 34320Istanbul, Turkey,
| | - Reşat Apak
- Engineering
Faculty, Chemistry Department, Istanbul
University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, 34320Istanbul, Turkey,Turkish
Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Bayraktar Neighborhood, Vedat Dalokay st. No.: 112, Cankaya, 06670Ankara, Turkey,
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3
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Michel P, Boudenne JL, Robert-Peillard F, Coulomb B. Analysis of homemade peroxide-based explosives in water: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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4
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Hopf NB, Sauvain JJ, Connell SL, Charriere N, Saverio Romolo F, Suarez G. Measuring Short-Term Exposures to H2O2 Among Exposed Workers; A Feasibility Study. Ann Work Expo Health 2022; 66:1173-1186. [PMID: 36173890 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a strong oxidizing agent often used in hair coloring and as a component in disinfecting and bleaching processes. Exposures to H2O2 generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can cause significant airway irritation and inflammation. Even though workers have reported symptoms associated with sensitivity and irritation from acute exposures below the H2O2 occupational exposure levels (OELs), a lack of sensitive analytical methods for measuring airborne concentrations currently prevents evaluating low or peak H2O2 exposures. To fill these gaps, we propose two different sensitive approaches: (i) luminol chemiluminescence (CL) to specifically measure H2O2; and (ii) photonic sensor method based on the ferrous-xylenol orange assay to evaluate total oxidative potential (OP), a measure of ROS in sampled air. We chose two exposure scenarios: hairdressers preparing and applying hair color to clients (both in simulated and field environments) and workers operating disinfecting cycles at a bottling company. Hair coloring took about 1 h for each client, and the application of the coloring product generated the highest H2O2 concentrations. OP values were highly correlated with H2O2 concentrations (CL measurement) and allowed peak measurements as low as 6 µg m-3 of H2O2 concentrations. The bottling company used a disinfectant containing H2O2, acetic acid and peracetic acid (PAA) in an enclosed process. The photonic sensor was immediately saturated. The CL results showed that the process operator had the highest exposures during a 15-min cycle. There is still a need to develop these direct reading methods for operating in the field, but we believe that in the future an OEL for OP could protect workers from developing airway irritation and inflammation by reducing exposures to oxidizing chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy B Hopf
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Affiliated to University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Jacques Sauvain
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Affiliated to University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Samantha L Connell
- Indorama Ventures PCL, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (current position) (Work performed for this manuscript was carried out while she was employed by Institute for Work and Health (IST), now part of Unisanté)
| | - Nicole Charriere
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Affiliated to University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Guillaume Suarez
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Affiliated to University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland
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5
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Almeida Assis AC, Caetano J, Florêncio MH, Cordeiro C. Triacetone triperoxide characterization by FT-ICR mass spectrometry: Uncovering multiple forensic evidence. Forensic Sci Int 2019; 301:37-45. [PMID: 31128407 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Triacetone triperoxide is one of the most common used explosives by terrorist and criminal groups, being easily synthesized with over the counter reagents. Moreover, it's difficult to detect since it contains no nitrogen. Extreme resolution mass spectrometry, based on Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry provides a way to established its composition, being able to detect its presence in complex matrixes. In this work, we investigated the detailed chemical composition of triacetone triperoxide and analysed latent fingerprints for evidence of its handling. Our results allowed the characterization of the oligoperoxides formed in the synthesis of triacetone triperoxide: oligomers dihydroperoxy terminated [H(OOC(CH3)2)nOOH] and the oligomeric acetone carbonyl oxides terminated as hydroperoxides [H(O2C(CH3)2)nOOC(O)CH3]. The discrimination between the different synthetic routes using different acid catalysts is possible given the clear differences between the mass spectrum corresponding to each case. Moreover, we identified triacetone triperoxide in latent fingerprints following its manipulation. For criminal investigation, in addition to the unambiguous detection and identification of the explosive, it is of the highest interest to identify the reagents used, who produced it and who used it for criminal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Almeida Assis
- Laboratório de FT-ICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Laboratório de Polícia Científica da Polícia Judiciária, Portugal.
| | - José Caetano
- EOD
- CBRN Unit/Police Special Unit - Polícia de Segurança Pública, Portugal.
| | - Maria Helena Florêncio
- Laboratório de FT-ICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Cordeiro
- Laboratório de FT-ICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
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Krivitsky V, Filanovsky B, Naddaka V, Patolsky F. Direct and Selective Electrochemical Vapor Trace Detection of Organic Peroxide Explosives via Surface Decoration. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5323-5330. [PMID: 30892020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ability to detect traces of highly energetic explosive materials sensitively, selectively, accurately, and rapidly could be of enormous benefit to civilian national security, military applications, and environmental monitoring. Unfortunately, the detection of explosives still poses a largely unmet arduous analytical problem, making their detection an issue of burning immediacy and a massive current challenge in terms of research and development. Although numerous explosive detection approaches have been developed, these methods are usually time-consuming, require bulky equipment, tedious sample preparation, a trained operator, cannot be miniaturized, and lack the ability to perform automated real-time high-throughput analysis, strongly handicapping their mass deployment. Here, we present the first demonstration of the "direct" electrochemical approach for the sensitive, selective, and rapid vapor trace detection of TATP and HMTD, under ambient conditions, unaffected by the presence of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide species, down to concentrations lower than 10 ppb. The method is based on the use of Ag-nanoparticles-decorated carbon microfibers air-collecting electrodes (μCF), which allow for the selective direct detection of the organic peroxide explosives, through opening multiple redox routes, not existent in the undecorated carbon electrodes. Finally, we demonstrate the direct and rapid detection of TATP and HMTD explosive species from real-world air samples.
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7
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Fan S, Lai J, Burn PL, Shaw PE. Solid-State Fluorescence-based Sensing of TATP via Hydrogen Peroxide Detection. ACS Sens 2019; 4:134-142. [PMID: 30624896 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fluorenylboronate ester chromophore-based thin films were investigated for the detection of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) vapors via the decomposition product, hydrogen peroxide. Sensing with a high level of sensitivity was achieved using a fluorescence "turn-on" mechanism based on the significant shifts in the absorption and photoluminescence spectra that occurs when the boronate esters were converted to phenoxides by hydrogen peroxide under basic conditions. The addition of an organic base was found to be critical for achieving fast conversion reactions and the formation of the phenoxide anions. Addition of a nitrile group to the fluorenyl boronate ester moiety improved the stability of the material to photooxidation, increased the photoluminescence quantum yields, and enhanced the absorption and emission shifts to longer wavelengths. In real-time sensing measurements, films comprising the cyanofluorenyl boronate ester moiety and tetra- n-butylammonium hydroxide had a response time to acid-decomposed TATP vapor of seconds and a limit of detection of 40 ppb in 60 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiang Fan
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jonathan Lai
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Paul L. Burn
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Paul E. Shaw
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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8
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Fan S, Burn PL, Shaw PE. Sensitive and fast fluorescence-based indirect sensing of TATP. RSC Adv 2019; 9:7032-7042. [PMID: 35518488 PMCID: PMC9061106 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensing of TATP vapours via the decomposition product, hydrogen peroxide, was achieved using a fluorescence “turn-on” mechanism through conversion of boronate esters to phenoxides under basic conditions in solid-state films. High sensitivity was achieved with two new fluorenylboronate esters comprising either 2,4-difluorophenyl or 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl substituents. The key to the sensitivity was the fact that the phenoxide anion products from the hydrogen peroxide oxidation absorbed at longer wavelengths than the starting boronate esters. Selective excitation of the phenoxide anions avoided the background fluorescence from the corresponding boronate esters. The use of the electron withdrawing substituents also led to greater photostability. The derivative containing the 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl moiety was found to give the most stable phenoxide, and demonstrated fast fluorescence “turn-on” kinetics with a lower limit of detection of ≈2.5 ppb in 60 s. We report fast and sensitive fluorescence “turn-on” sensing of TATP via hydrogen peroxide detection using fluorinated fluorenylboronate ester derivatives.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiang Fan
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Paul L. Burn
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Paul E. Shaw
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
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9
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Almenar E, Costero AM, Gaviña P, Gil S, Parra M. Towards the fluorogenic detection of peroxide explosives through host-guest chemistry. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171787. [PMID: 29765646 PMCID: PMC5936911 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two dansyl-modified β-cyclodextrin derivatives (1 and 2) have been synthesized as host-guest sensory systems for the direct fluorescent detection of the peroxide explosives diacetone diperoxide (DADP) and triacetone triperoxide (TATP) in aqueous media. The sensing is based on the displacement of the dansyl moiety from the cavity of the cyclodextrin by the peroxide guest resulting in a decrease of the intensity of the fluorescence of the dye. Both systems showed similar fluorescent responses and were more sensitive towards TATP than DADP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Almenar
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat de València-Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana M. Costero
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat de València-Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Pablo Gaviña
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat de València-Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Salvador Gil
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat de València-Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Margarita Parra
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat de València-Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
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10
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Calvo-Gredilla P, García-Calvo J, Cuevas JV, Torroba T, Pablos JL, García FC, García JM, Zink-Lorre N, Font-Sanchis E, Sastre-Santos Á, Fernández-Lázaro F. Solvent-Free Off-On Detection of the Improvised Explosive Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) with Fluorogenic Materials. Chemistry 2017; 23:13973-13979. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - José García-Calvo
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; University of Burgos; 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - José V. Cuevas
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; University of Burgos; 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Tomás Torroba
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; University of Burgos; 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Jesús-Luis Pablos
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; University of Burgos; 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Félix C. García
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; University of Burgos; 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - José-Miguel García
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; University of Burgos; 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Nathalie Zink-Lorre
- Organic Chemistry Area; Institute of Bioengineering; Miguel Hernández University; 03202 Elche, Alicante Spain
| | - Enrique Font-Sanchis
- Organic Chemistry Area; Institute of Bioengineering; Miguel Hernández University; 03202 Elche, Alicante Spain
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Organic Chemistry Area; Institute of Bioengineering; Miguel Hernández University; 03202 Elche, Alicante Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Lázaro
- Organic Chemistry Area; Institute of Bioengineering; Miguel Hernández University; 03202 Elche, Alicante Spain
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11
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Locating bomb factories by detecting hydrogen peroxide. Talanta 2016; 160:15-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Yu HA, Lewis SW, Beardah MS, NicDaeid N. Assessing a novel contact heater as a new method of recovering explosives traces from porous surfaces. Talanta 2016; 148:721-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Mahbub P, Zakaria P, Guijt R, Macka M, Dicinoski G, Breadmore M, Nesterenko PN. Flow injection analysis of organic peroxide explosives using acid degradation and chemiluminescent detection of released hydrogen peroxide. Talanta 2015; 143:191-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Can Z, Üzer A, Türkekul K, Erçağ E, Apak R. Determination of Triacetone Triperoxide with a N,N-Dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine Sensor on Nafion Using Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2015; 87:9589-94. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziya Can
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University, Avcilar, Istanbul 34320, Turkey
| | - Ayşem Üzer
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University, Avcilar, Istanbul 34320, Turkey
| | - Kader Türkekul
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University, Avcilar, Istanbul 34320, Turkey
| | - Erol Erçağ
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University, Avcilar, Istanbul 34320, Turkey
| | - Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University, Avcilar, Istanbul 34320, Turkey
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15
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Buryakov IA, Buryakov TI, Matsaev VT. Optical chemical sensors for the detection of explosives and associated substances. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934814070041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Yáñez-Sedeño P, Agüí L, Villalonga R, Pingarrón JM. Biosensors in forensic analysis. A review. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 823:1-19. [PMID: 24746348 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Forensic analysis is an important branch of modern Analytical Chemistry with many legal and socially relevant implications. Biosensors can play an important role as efficient tools in this field considering their well known advantages of sensitivity, selectivity, easy functioning, affordability and capability of miniaturization and automation. This article reviews the latest advances in the use of biosensors for forensic analysis. The different methodologies for the transduction of the produced biological events are considered and the applications to forensic toxicological analysis, classified by the nature of the target analytes, as well as those related with chemical and biological weapons critically commented. The article provides several Tables where the more relevant analytical characteristics of the selected reported methods are gathered.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yáñez-Sedeño
- University Complutense, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - L Agüí
- University Complutense, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - R Villalonga
- University Complutense, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - J M Pingarrón
- University Complutense, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain
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17
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Desmet C, Blum LJ, Marquette CA. Multiplex microarray ELISA versus classical ELISA, a comparison study of pollutant sensing for environmental analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2013; 15:1876-1882. [PMID: 23945745 DOI: 10.1039/c3em00296a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes the development, optimization and performance comparison of three ELISAs and one multiplex immunoassay in a microarray format. The developed systems were dedicated to the detection of three different classes of pollutants (pesticide, explosive and toxin) in water. The characteristics and performances of these two types of assays were evaluated and compared, in order to verify that multiplex immunoassays can replace ELISA for multiple analyte sensing. 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and okadaic acid were chosen as model targets and were immobilized in classical microtiter plate wells or arrayed at the surface of a microarray integrated within a classical 96-well plate. Once optimized, the classical ELISAs and microarray-based ELISA performances were evaluated and compared in terms of limit of detection, IC50, linearity range and reproducibility. Classical ELISAs provided quite good sensitivity (limit of detection down to 10 μg L(-1)), but the multiplex immunoassay was proven to be more sensitive (limit of detection down to 0.01 μg L(-1)), more reproducible and an advantageous tool in terms of cost and time expenses. This multiplex tool was then used for the successful detection of the three target molecules in spiked water samples and achieved very promising recovery rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cloé Desmet
- Equipe Génie Enzymatique, Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1 - CNRS 5246 ICBMS, Bâtiment CPE - 43, bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France.
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18
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Climent E, Gröninger D, Hecht M, Walter MA, Martínez-Máñez R, Weller MG, Sancenón F, Amorós P, Rurack K. Selective, Sensitive, and Rapid Analysis with Lateral-Flow Assays Based on Antibody-Gated Dye-Delivery Systems: The Example of Triacetone Triperoxide. Chemistry 2013; 19:4117-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Chen W, Hou K, Xiong X, Jiang Y, Zhao W, Hua L, Chen P, Xie Y, Wang Z, Li H. Non-contact halogen lamp heating assisted LTP ionization miniature rectilinear ion trap: a platform for rapid, on-site explosives analysis. Analyst 2013; 138:5068-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00555k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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20
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Romolo FS, Cassioli L, Grossi S, Cinelli G, Russo MV. Surface-sampling and analysis of TATP by swabbing and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Forensic Sci Int 2013; 224:96-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Desmet C, Blum LJ, Marquette CA. High-Throughput Multiplexed Competitive Immunoassay for Pollutants Sensing in Water. Anal Chem 2012; 84:10267-76. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302133u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cloé Desmet
- Equipe Génie
Enzymatique,
Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires,
Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1-CNRS 5246 ICBMS, Bâtiment
CPE-43, bd du 11 Novembre 1918-69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
| | - Loic J. Blum
- Equipe Génie
Enzymatique,
Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires,
Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1-CNRS 5246 ICBMS, Bâtiment
CPE-43, bd du 11 Novembre 1918-69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
| | - Christophe A. Marquette
- Equipe Génie
Enzymatique,
Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires,
Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université Lyon 1-CNRS 5246 ICBMS, Bâtiment
CPE-43, bd du 11 Novembre 1918-69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
- AXO Science SAS, 34 Rue du Mail, 69004 Lyon, France
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Trace analysis of pollutants by use of honeybees, immunoassays, and chemiluminescence detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:555-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Fan W, Young M, Canino J, Smith J, Oxley J, Almirall JR. Fast detection of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) from headspace using planar solid-phase microextraction (PSPME) coupled to an IMS detector. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:401-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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A Novel Immunoreagent for the Specific and Sensitive Detection of the Explosive Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP). BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2011; 1:93-106. [PMID: 25586922 PMCID: PMC4264363 DOI: 10.3390/bios1030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Triacetone triperoxide (TATP) is a primary explosive, which was used in various terrorist attacks in the past. For the development of biosensors, immunochemical µ-TAS, electronic noses, immunological test kits, or test strips, the availability of antibodies of high quality is crucial. Recently, we presented the successful immunization of mice, based on the design, synthesis, and conjugation of a novel TATP derivative. Here, the long-term immunization of rabbits is shown, which resulted in antibodies of extreme selectivity and more than 1,000 times better affinity in relation to the antibodies from mice. Detection limits below 10 ng L−1 (water) were achieved. The working range covers more than four decades, calculated from a precision profile. The cross-reactivity tests revealed an extraordinary selectivity of the antibodies—not a single compound could be identified as a relevant cross-reactant. The presented immunoreagent might be a major step for the development of highly sensitive and selective TATP detectors particularly for security applications.
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