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Schipilliti L, Bonaccorsi I, Consolo G, Mondello L. Isotopic and Statistical Methods for the Traceability of Milk and Dairy Products. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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2
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Hayasaki M, Iwakiri M, Shikata A, Oyama M, Souda N, Akakabe Y. Aroma Components of Absolute Oil from Natsudaidai (Citrus natsudaidai Hayata) Flowers. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1663-1668. [PMID: 36310053 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the aroma components of absolute oil from natsudaidai (Citrus natsudaidai Hayata) flowers. A total of 43 aroma components were detected in the absolute oil of natsudaidai flowers using a headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME)-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The most abundant components from the absolute oil was linalool (31.14%), followed by methyl anthranilate, γ-terpinene, p-cymene, (E)-β-ocimene, limonene, indole and α-terpineol. The configuration of linalool from the absolute oil was assigned as (S)-form and its optical purities were determined as 89.36±0.36% enantiomeric excess using a SPME-chiral GC. These results indicated that the composition of aroma components in the absolute oil would influence the overall aroma qualities of natsudaidai flowers and the physiological effects on human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Hayasaki
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University
| | - Minami Iwakiri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University
| | - Akane Shikata
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University
| | - Machi Oyama
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University
| | - Noe Souda
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University
| | - Yoshihiko Akakabe
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University
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3
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Cucinotta L, De Grazia G, Salerno TMG, Donnarumma D, Donato P, Sciarrone D, Mondello L. Overcoming the lack of reliability associated to monodimensional gas chromatography coupled to isotopic ratio mass spectrometry data by heart-cut two-dimensional gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1655:462473. [PMID: 34464784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of IRMS as a GC detector has a history going back decades, however the critical issue of wrong δ13C measurements resulting from impure peaks has been often underestimated. To this regard, multidimensional separation techniques are effective tools to improve the reliability of the data, with respect to those obtained after monodimensional analysis. The present research aims to draw attention to one critical issue, related to the reliability of the δ13C data obtained by means of monodimensional GC-C-IRMS. Although already known from the literature, such aspect has been greatly overlooked, as is reflected in the few papers reporting the use of MDGC, among the plethora of published research dealing with GC-C-IRMS applications. Hereby, a set of natural samples of complex composition were analysed to investigate the presence of minor or even undetected coelutions, and to which extent it affected the isotope ratio determination. Apart from chromatographic effects, and issues related to analytes conversion to CO2 prior to IRMS measurement, unpredictable co-elutions with compounds, either resulting from oxidation or intentionally added in fraudulent practices, could also contribute to a shift of the δ13C data, up to 10‰ and higher. Last, the influence of column bleed was investigated, as affecting the determination of the δ13C data for compounds that were eluted at high temperatures. It was finally demonstrated by the selected key studies that implementation of MDGC separation is mandatory to prevent the aforementioned issues, aiming to guarantee accurate results. In the light of the above conclusions, and considering the level of automation of heart-cut devices nowadays available, routine practice of MDGC results highly recommendable in any IRMS applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cucinotta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Italy
| | - Gemma De Grazia
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Tania Maria Grazia Salerno
- BeSep s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental, Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Danilo Donnarumma
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Donato
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Danilo Sciarrone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; BeSep s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental, Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Schepetkin IA, Özek G, Özek T, Kirpotina LN, Khlebnikov AI, Quinn MT. Chemical Composition and Immunomodulatory Activity of Hypericum perforatum Essential Oils. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060916. [PMID: 32560389 PMCID: PMC7357012 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypericum L. (Hypericaceae) extracts have been used for their therapeutic effects; however, not much is known about the immunomodulatory activity of essential oils extracted from this plant. We isolated essential oils from the flowers and leaves of H. perforatum and analyzed their chemical composition and innate immunomodulatory activity. Analysis of flower (HEOFl) versus leaf (HEOLv) essential oils using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed that HEOFl was comprised mainly of monoterpenes (52.8%), with an abundance of oxygenated monoterpenes, including cis-p-menth-3-en-1,2-diol (9.1%), α-terpineol (6.1%), terpinen-4-ol (7.4%), and limonen-4-ol (3.2%), whereas the sesquiterpenes were found in trace amounts. In contrast, HEOLv was primarily composed of sesquiterpenes (63.2%), including germacrene D (25.7%) and β-caryophyllene (9.5%). HEOLv also contained oxygenated monoterpenes, including terpinen-4-ol (2.6%), while monoterpene hydrocarbons were found in trace amounts. Both HEOFl and HEOLv inhibited neutrophil Ca2+ mobilization, chemotaxis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, with HEOLv being much more active than HEOFl. Furthermore, the pure sesquiterpenes germacrene D, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene also inhibited these neutrophil responses, suggesting that these compounds represented the active components of HEOLv. Although reverse pharmacophore mapping suggested that potential protein targets of germacrene D, β-caryophyllene, bicyclogermacrene, and α-humulene could be PIM1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-activated protein kinase 2 (MAPKAK2), a kinase binding affinity assay did not support this finding, implying that other biological targets are involved. Our results provide a cellular and molecular basis to explain at least part of the beneficial immunotherapeutic properties of the H. perforatum essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (I.A.S.); (L.N.K.)
| | - Gulmira Özek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey; (G.Ö.); (T.Ö.)
| | - Temel Özek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey; (G.Ö.); (T.Ö.)
- Medicinal Plant, Drug and Scientific Research and Application Center (AUBIBAM), Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Liliya N. Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (I.A.S.); (L.N.K.)
| | - Andrei I. Khlebnikov
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia;
- Scientific Research Institute of Biological Medicine, Altai State University, Barnaul 656049, Russia
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (I.A.S.); (L.N.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-406-994-4707; Fax: +1-406-994-4303
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Schipilliti L, Bonaccorsi IL, Mondello L. Evaluation of the carbon isotope ratios of selected volatiles determined in several citrus authentic petitgrain oils. Bigarade (C. aurantium) petitgrain oil’s first case report. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2018.1556745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Schipilliti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ivana L. Bonaccorsi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Lebanov L, Tedone L, Kaykhaii M, Linford MR, Paull B. Multidimensional Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis. Part 2: Application to Characterisation and Identification. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Schipilliti L, Bonaccorsi IL, Occhiuto C, Dugo P, Mondello L. Authentication of citrus volatiles based on carbon isotope ratios. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2017.1377123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Schipilliti
- CHIBIOFARAM Dipartimento di “Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ivana Lidia Bonaccorsi
- CHIBIOFARAM Dipartimento di “Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- CHIBIOFARAM Dipartimento di “Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- CHIBIOFARAM Dipartimento di “Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di “Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- CHIBIOFARAM Dipartimento di “Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di “Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Schipilliti L, Bonaccorsi IL, Mondello L. Characterization of natural vanilla flavour in foodstuff by HS-SPME and GC-C-IRMS. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Schipilliti
- ‘Scienze chimiche, biologiche, farmaceutiche ed ambiental’ Department (CHIBIOFARAM); University of Messina; Messina Italy
| | - Ivana Lidia Bonaccorsi
- ‘Scienze chimiche, biologiche, farmaceutiche ed ambiental’ Department (CHIBIOFARAM); University of Messina; Messina Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- ‘Scienze chimiche, biologiche, farmaceutiche ed ambiental’ Department (CHIBIOFARAM); University of Messina; Messina Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o ‘Scienze chimiche, biologiche, farmaceutiche ed ambientali’ Department; University of Messina; Messina Italy
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9
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Cagliero C, Sgorbini B, Cordero C, Liberto E, Rubiolo P, Bicchi C. Enantioselective Gas Chromatography with Derivatized Cyclodextrins in the Flavour and Fragrance Field. Isr J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Cagliero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Barbara Sgorbini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Chiara Cordero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Erica Liberto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Patrizia Rubiolo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Carlo Bicchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
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10
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Schipilliti L, Bonaccorsi I, Cotroneo A, Dugo P, Mondello L. Carbon isotope ratios of selected volatiles in Citrus sinensis and in orange-flavoured food. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2015; 95:2944-2950. [PMID: 25475589 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twenty genuine samples of industrially cold-pressed sweet orange essential oils, were analysed by gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry to determine the values of the carbon isotope ratios (δ(13)C(VPDB)) of selected volatiles and assess the corresponding range of authenticity. Successively, four commercial orange-flavoured products were analysed under identical conditions to evaluate the authenticity of the orange flavour. The samples were extracted by solid-phase microextraction under optimised conditions. The evaluation was performed by using an internal standard procedure to neglect the contribution due to the original environment to the isotopic abundance of (13)C. The composition of the volatile fraction of the essential oils and of the flavoured products was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with linear retention indices, and by gas chromatography with a flame ionisation detector. RESULTS The δ(13)C(VPDB) values of seven secondary metabolites determined here were successfully used to characterise genuine orange essential oil. These values were used to evaluate the quality of orange-flavoured products, revealing the presence of compounds of different origin, not compatible with the values of genuine orange secondary metabolites. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the range of authenticity of δ(13)C(VPDB) of seven different secondary metabolites in sweet orange genuine essential oil, useful for evaluating the genuineness of orange flavour. In accord with a previous study on different essential oils, the values determined here can be successfully applied for the evaluation of a large number of flavoured food stuffs and correlated with their origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Schipilliti
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Ivana Bonaccorsi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonella Cotroneo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy
- Centro Integrato di Ricerca (C.I.R.), University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Roma, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., A start-up of the University of Messina, c/o Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy
- Centro Integrato di Ricerca (C.I.R.), University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Roma, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., A start-up of the University of Messina, c/o Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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van Leeuwen KA, Prenzler PD, Ryan D, Camin F. Gas Chromatography-Combustion-Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry for Traceability and Authenticity in Foods and Beverages. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katryna A. van Leeuwen
- Dept. of Food Quality and Nutrition; Research and Innovation Centre; Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM); Via Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige (TN) Italy
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences; EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation; Charles Sturt Univ; Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia
| | - Paul D. Prenzler
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences; EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation; Charles Sturt Univ; Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678 Australia
| | - Danielle Ryan
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences; EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation; Charles Sturt Univ; Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678 Australia
| | - Federica Camin
- Dept. of Food Quality and Nutrition; Research and Innovation Centre; Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM); Via Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige (TN) Italy
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12
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Chin ST, Marriott PJ. Multidimensional gas chromatography beyond simple volatiles separation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8819-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Schipilliti L, Bonaccorsi I, Cotroneo A, Dugo P, Mondello L. Evaluation of gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS) for the quality assessment of citrus liqueurs. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:1661-1670. [PMID: 23101544 DOI: 10.1021/jf3028073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Citrus liqueurs are alcoholic beverages obtained by maceration. The European Parliament protects these alcoholic beverages, forbidding the addition of nature-identical flavoring substances. However, for economical and technological reasons, producers often add natural and/or synthetic flavors to the alcoholic syrup, obtaining artificial spirit drinks. The aim of this study is to investigate the authenticity of Italian liqueurs, of lemon, bergamot, and mandarin (locally known as "limoncello", "bargamino", and "mandarinetto"), comparing the carbon isotope ratios with values determined in genuine cold-pressed peel oils. Authenticity assessment was performed using headspace-solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Additional analyses were performed by direct enantioselective gas chromatography to determine the enantiomeric distribution of selected chiral volatiles and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the qualitative analyses of the samples. The method allowed confirmation of genuineness. Enantioselective gas chromatography analyses confirmed the results, demonstrating the reliability of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Schipilliti
- Diaprtimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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