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Menezes HGP, Batista IGDS, de Oliveira JB, Ferreira VMV, de Souza PP, Rezende PS. Trapping of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in vehicle exhaust using an in-tube extraction device for analysis by gas chromatography-barrier ionization discharge detection. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1699:463995. [PMID: 37146373 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a methodology for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) trapping from vehicular emissions using an in-tube extraction device (IT-FEx). Trapping selectivity studies were conducted, evaluating the interaction profile between the aromatic compounds and the polymeric phase (composed of polydimethylsiloxane and internal to the IT-FEx devices), as in an aqueous equilibrium system (25 min of sampling), and as in gaseous dynamic phase (30 s of sampling), regarding a qualitative evaluation. The adsorption profiles were similar, with greater affinity for medium-sized PAHs (four aromatic rings) than for the smaller (one to three rings) and larger (five to six rings). The device was attached to a vehicle emission sampler to evaluate the qualitative emission of diesel-powered vehicles. Certain PAHs, such as phenanthrene, fluoranthene, benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[k]fluoranthene, were effectively trapped by the IT-FEx device and detected by the GC-BID analysis. Finally, it was possible to develop a process that combined the steps of sample preparation and instrumental analysis, using the IT-FEx device and applying it to the gaseous matrix in the dynamic phase; until then, little was elucidated regarding the use of this apparatus. This sampling device, combined with analysis by gas chromatography with a barrier ionization discharge detector (GC-BID), is a powerful tool for identifying many compounds from vehicular emissions and does not require solvents in sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isis Gabriella da Silva Batista
- Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais State, Avenida Amazonas, 5855, Belo Horizonte, MG 30510-000, Brazil
| | - Jhonatan Bispo de Oliveira
- Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais State, Avenida Amazonas, 5855, Belo Horizonte, MG 30510-000, Brazil
| | | | - Patterson Patrício de Souza
- Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais State, Avenida Amazonas, 5855, Belo Horizonte, MG 30510-000, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Sueli Rezende
- Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais State, Avenida Amazonas, 5855, Belo Horizonte, MG 30510-000, Brazil.
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2
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Simon A, Ong TH, Wrobel A, Mendum T, Kunz R. Review: Headspace Components of Explosives for Canine Non-Detonable Training Aid Development. Forensic Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2023.100491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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3
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Applicability of new configuration of open tubular solid phase microextraction for determination of free (unconjugated) testosterone esters by gas chromatography with barrier ionization discharge detector. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Kerry GL, Ross KE, Wright JL, Walker GS. A Review of Methods Used to Detect Methamphetamine from Indoor Air and Textiles in Confined Spaces. TOXICS 2022; 10:710. [PMID: 36422918 PMCID: PMC9695000 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine manufacture, use, and the resulting contamination is a significant issue that affects public health, the environment, and the economy. Third-hand exposure to methamphetamine can result in adverse health risks for individuals and first responders. Such exposures can result from the inhalation of airborne residues or from contact with contaminated objects. This review was conducted to determine the current methods used for methamphetamine extraction from indoor air and porous fabric materials. Dynamic solid phase microextraction (SPME) and sorbent sampling tubes have been applied to extract airborne methamphetamine residues from contaminated properties. SPME and solvent extraction have been applied to sample clothing and textiles for methamphetamine detection. This review demonstrates that there is limited literature on the detection of methamphetamine from indoor air and clothing. Supplementary and consistent methods to detect methamphetamine from air and porous surfaces should be developed and published to allow better assessment of the environmental risk to public health caused by third-hand exposure to methamphetamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma L. Kerry
- Physical and Molecular Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia
| | - Kirstin E. Ross
- Environmental Health, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia
| | - Jackie L. Wright
- Environmental Health, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia
- Environmental Risk Sciences Pty Ltd., Carlingford Court, P.O. Box 2537, Sydney 2118, Australia
| | - G. Stewart Walker
- Physical and Molecular Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia
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5
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Evaluation of capillary microextraction of volatiles (CMV) coupled to a person-portable gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC–MS) for the analysis of gasoline residues. Forensic Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2021.100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Zhu B, Zhu L, Hou T, Ren K, Kang K, Xiao C, Luo J. Cobalt Metal-Organic Frameworks with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics for Fluorometric/Colorimetric Dual Channel Detection of Nitrogen-Rich Heterocyclic Compounds. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3744-3748. [PMID: 35213129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-rich heterocyclic compounds (NRHCs) are an emerging type of explosive, and their quantification is important in national security inspection and environmental monitoring. Up until now, designing an efficient NRHCs sensing strategy was still in the early stages. Herein, a new metal-organic framework (MOF) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics is synthesized with fluorometric/colorimetric responses for rapid and selective detection of NRHCs. The nonemissive probe is designed with tetraphenylethylene derivative as the linker and Co as the node, quencher, and color-changing agent. Cobalt AIE-MOF exhibits a turn-on emission enhancement due to the competitive coordination substitution between NRHCs and the scaffold as well as the following AIE process of the liberative linkers. Meanwhile, the color appearance of the probe changes from blue to yellow based on the dissociation of the original Co coordinating system. Using this dual-mode probe, single- and dual-ring NRHCs are successfully detected from 5 μM to 7.5 mM within 25 s. The cobalt AIE-MOF exhibits excellent selectivity of NRHCs against a variety of interferences, providing a promising tool for designing a multichannel detection strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Longyi Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Tianjiao Hou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kewei Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Kang Kang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chengliang Xiao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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7
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Rodriguez JL, Almirall JR. Continuous vapor sampling of volatile organic compounds associated with explosives using capillary microextraction of volatiles (CMV) coupled to a portable GC–MS. Forensic Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2021.100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Differentiation between hemp-type and marijuana-type cannabis using the Fast Blue BB colorimetric test. Forensic Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2021.100376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Chen X, Wu X, Luan T, Jiang R, Ouyang G. Sample preparation and instrumental methods for illicit drugs in environmental and biological samples: A review. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1640:461961. [PMID: 33582515 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Detection of illicit drugs in the environmental samples has been challenged as the consumption increases globally. Current review examines the recent developments and applications of sample preparation techniques for illicit drugs in solid, liquid, and gas samples. For solid samples, traditional sample preparation methods such as liquid-phase extraction, solid-phase extraction, and the ones with external energy including microwave-assisted, ultrasonic-assisted, and pressurized liquid extraction were commonly used. The sample preparation methods mainly applied for liquid samples were microextraction techniques including solid-phase microextraction, microextraction by packed sorbent, dispersive solid-phase extraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, hollow fiber-based liquid-phase microextraction, and so on. Capillary microextraction of volatiles and airborne particulate sampling were primarily utilized to extract illicit drugs from gas samples. Besides, the paper introduced recently developed instrumental techniques applied to detect illicit drugs. Liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry and gas chromatograph mass spectrometry were the most widely used methods for illicit drugs samples. In addition, the development of ambient mass spectrometry techniques, such as desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and paper spray mass spectrometry, created potential for rapid in-situ analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlv Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and safety, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, 100 Waihuanxi Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruifen Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals, Guangdong Institute of Analysis (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510070, China; Chemistry College, Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Wright J, Symons B, Angell J, Ross KE, Walker S. Current practices underestimate environmental exposures to methamphetamine: inhalation exposures are important. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021; 31:45-52. [PMID: 32873859 PMCID: PMC7790752 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-020-00260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Current practice for determining the exposure to methamphetamine in contaminated homes relies on the analysis of surface wipe sample to address direct contact exposures. The movement of methamphetamine into the air phase, and the potential for inhalation exposures to occur within residential homes contaminated from former clandestine manufacture or smoking of methamphetamine has been generally poorly characterised and understood. All available risk-based guidelines for determining safe levels of methamphetamine in residential properties do not include any consideration of the inhalation pathway as an exposure route. This study showed that methamphetamine can readily move from contaminated materials in a home into the air phase. This movement of methamphetamine into the air phase provides both an exposure pathway and a mechanism for the transfer of methamphetamine throughout a property. The inhalation exposure pathway has the potential to result in significant intake of methamphetamine, adding to dermal absorption and ingestion exposure routes. Guidelines that are established for the assessment of methamphetamine contaminated properties that ignore inhalation exposures can significantly underestimate exposure and result in guidelines that are not adequately protective of health. This study also demonstrates that sampling methamphetamine in air can be undertaken using commercially available sorption tubes and analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie Wright
- Health and Environment, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
- Environmental Risk Sciences Pty Ltd, PO Box 2537, Carlingford Court, NSW, 2118, Australia.
| | - Bob Symons
- Eurofins, 1/21 Smallwood Place, Murarrie, QLD, 4172, Australia
| | - Jonathon Angell
- Eurofins, 1/21 Smallwood Place, Murarrie, QLD, 4172, Australia
| | - Kirstin E Ross
- Health and Environment, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Stewart Walker
- Physical and Chemical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
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11
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Torres MN, Valdes NB, Almirall JR. Comparison of portable and benchtop GC–MS coupled to capillary microextraction of volatiles (CMV) for the extraction and analysis of ignitable liquid residues. Forensic Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2020.100240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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França HS, Acosta A, Jamal A, Romao W, Mulloor J, Almirall JR. Experimental and ab initio investigation of the products of reaction from Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and the fast blue BB spot reagent in presumptive drug tests for cannabinoids. Forensic Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2019.100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Jeerage KM, Holland EN. Predicting Sorbent-Air Partition Coefficients for Terpenoids at Multiple Temperatures. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020; 59. [PMID: 34815620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Partition coefficients describe the relative concentration of a chemical equilibrated between two phases. In the design of air samplers, the sorbent-air partition coefficient is a critical parameter, as is the ability to extrapolate or predict partitioning at a variety of temperatures. Our specific interest is the partitioning of plant-derived terpenes (hydrocarbons formed from isoprene building blocks) and terpenoids (with oxygen-containing functional groups) in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sorbents. To predict K P D M S / A I R as a function of temperature for compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, we developed a group contribution model that explicitly incorporates the van't Hoff equation. For the 360 training compounds, predicted K P D M S / A I R values strongly correlate (R2 > 0.987) with K P D M S / A I R values measured at temperatures from 60 °C to 200 °C. To validate the model with available literature data, we compared predictions for 50 additional C10 compounds, including 6 terpenes and 22 terpenoids, with K P D M S / A I R values measured at 100 °C and determined an average relative error of 3.1 %. We also compared predictions with K P D M S / A I R values measured at 25 °C. The modeling approach developed here is advantageous for properties with limited experimental values at a single temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita M Jeerage
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305
| | - Elijah N Holland
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305
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14
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Nair MV, Miskelly GM. Determination of airborne methamphetamine via capillary microextraction of volatiles (CMV) with on-sorbent derivatisation using o-pentafluorobenzyl chloroformate. Forensic Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2019.100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Gura S, Tarifa A, Mulloor J, Torres MN, Almirall JR. Capillary microextraction of volatiles device for enhanced BTEX vapors sampling based on a phenyl modified PDMS sol-gel adsorption phase. Anal Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Williamson R, Gura S, Tarifa A, Almirall JR. The coupling of capillary microextraction of volatiles (CMV) dynamic air sampling device with DART-MS analysis for the detection of gunshot residues. Forensic Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Zhao P, Wu Y, Feng C, Wang L, Ding Y, Hu A. Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles Based Fluorescent Electronic Nose for the Identification of Volatile Compounds. Anal Chem 2018. [PMID: 29526080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescence sensing array (or fluorescent electronic nose) is designed on a disposable paper card using 36 sets of soluble conjugated polymeric nanoparticles (SCPNs) as sensors to easily identify wide ranges of volatile analytes, including explosives and toxic industrial chemicals (amines and pungent acids). A 108-dimensional vector obtained from the fluorescent color change in the sensing array is defined and directly treated as an index in a standard chemical library (30 kinds of volatile analytes and a control group). Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated the diversity in electronic structures; saturated vapor pressure and miscibility of analytes are keys in differentiating the analytes, with electron-rich arenes and alkylamines enhancing fluorescence and electron-deficient analytes attenuating fluorescence. A support vector machine (SVM) works well to predict an unknown sample, reaching 99.5% accuracy. The excellent fluorescence stability (no fluorescence quenching after being exposed in air for one month) and high sensitivity (emission color changes within minutes when exposed to analytes) suggest that the fluorescent polymer-based electronic nose will play an important role in field detection and identification of a wide spreading of hazardous substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Yusen Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Chuying Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Lili Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Yun Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Aiguo Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
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19
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Cryofocusing capillary microextraction of volatiles (Cryo-CMV) as a novel headspace extraction device for the analysis of volatile organic compounds and smokeless powders. Forensic Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Wiebelhaus N, Hamblin D, Kreitals NM, Almirall JR. Differentiation of marijuana headspace volatiles from other plants and hemp products using capillary microextraction of volatiles (CMV) coupled to gas-chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Forensic Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Nair M, Miskelly G. Capillary microextraction: A new method for sampling methamphetamine vapour. Forensic Sci Int 2016; 268:131-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Stevens B, Bell S, Adams K. Initial evaluation of inlet thermal desorption GC–MS analysis for organic gunshot residue collected from the hands of known shooters. Forensic Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Brown KE, Greenfield MT, McGrane SD, Moore DS. Advances in explosives analysis--part I: animal, chemical, ion, and mechanical methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:35-47. [PMID: 26462922 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The number and capability of explosives detection and analysis methods have increased substantially since the publication of the Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry special issue devoted to Explosives Analysis (Moore and Goodpaster, Anal Bioanal Chem 395(2):245-246, 2009). Here we review and critically evaluate the latest (the past five years) important advances in explosives detection, with details of the improvements over previous methods, and suggest possible avenues towards further advances in, e.g., stand-off distance, detection limit, selectivity, and penetration through camouflage or packaging. The review consists of two parts. This part, Part I, reviews methods based on animals, chemicals (including colorimetry, molecularly imprinted polymers, electrochemistry, and immunochemistry), ions (both ion-mobility spectrometry and mass spectrometry), and mechanical devices. Part II will review methods based on photons, from very energetic photons including X-rays and gamma rays down to the terahertz range, and neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Brown
- Shock and Detonation Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Margo T Greenfield
- Shock and Detonation Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Shawn D McGrane
- Shock and Detonation Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - David S Moore
- Shock and Detonation Physics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.
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25
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Tarifa A, Almirall JR. Fast detection and characterization of organic and inorganic gunshot residues on the hands of suspects by CMV-GC–MS and LIBS. Sci Justice 2015; 55:168-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Čapka L, Večeřa Z, Mikuška P, Šesták J, Kahle V, Bumbová A. A portable device for fast analysis of explosives in the environment. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1388:167-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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