1
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Kim YB, Kim J, Williams PS, Moon MH. Comparison of a thickness-tapered channel in flow field-flow fractionation with a conventional channel with flow rate programming. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1724:464927. [PMID: 38677152 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The thickness-tapered channel structure in flow field-flow fractionation (FlFFF), recently introduced by constructing a channel with a linear decrease in thickness along its length, demonstrated effectiveness in steric/hyperlayer separation of supramicron particles with improvements in separation speed, elution recovery, and an expanded dynamic size range of separation. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the performance between the impact of field (or crossflow rate) programming or outflow rate programming for the separation of polystyrene latex standards (50 ∼ 800 nm) with a conventional channel having uniform thickness and a thickness-tapered channel without programming. Outlet flow rate and crossflow rate conditions were also varied. Although the particle size resolution of the tapered channel does not surpass that of field programming in uniform thickness channel, it achieves higher-speed separation without a significant loss of resolution and without the need for a complex flow controller system even at a low outflow rate condition. Furthermore, it yielded an improved resolution for particles close to the steric transition regime (400 ∼ 600 nm) in the normal mode of separation. Due to the continuous increase in mean flow velocity down the channel, the tapered channel exhibits flexibility in separating submicron-sized particles at high crossflow rate conditions or low outflow rate conditions, of which the latter can be advantageous when coupled with mass spectrometry in a miniaturized setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Beom Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Jaihoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - P Stephen Williams
- Cambrian Technologies Inc, 1772 Saratoga Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA.
| | - Myeong Hee Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
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2
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Mavridi-Printezi A, Giordani S, Menichetti A, Mordini D, Zattoni A, Roda B, Ferrazzano L, Reschiglian P, Marassi V, Montalti M. The dual nature of biomimetic melanin. NANOSCALE 2023; 16:299-308. [PMID: 38059484 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04696f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Melanin-inspired nanomaterials offer unique photophysical, electronic and radical scavenging properties that are widely explored for health and environmental preservation, or energy conversion and storage. The incorporation of functional melanin building blocks in more complex nanostructures or surfaces is typically achieved via a bottom-up approach starting from a molecular precursor, in most cases dopamine. Here we demonstrate that indeed, the oxidative polymerization of dopamine, for the synthesis of melanin-like polydopamine (PDA), leads to the simultaneous formation of more than one nanosized species with different compositions, morphologies and properties. In particular, a low-density polymeric structure and dense nanoparticles (NP) are simultaneously formed. The two populations could be separated and analyzed in real time using a chromatographic technique free of any stationary phase (flow field fractionation, FFF). The results following the synthesis of melanin-like PDA showed that the NP are formed only during the first 6 hours as a result of a supramolecular self-assembly-driven polymerization, while the formation of the polymer continues for about 36 hours. The two populations were also separated and characterized using TEM, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence and light scattering spectroscopy, DLS, FTIR, ζ-potential measurements, gel electrophoresis and pH titrations. Interestingly, very different properties between the two populations were observed: in particular the polymer contains a higher number of catechol units (8 mmol g-1 -OH) with respect to the NP (1 mmol g-1 -OH) and presents a much higher antioxidant activity. The attenuation of light by NP is more efficient than that by the polymer especially in the Vis-NIR region. Moreover, while the NP scatter light with an efficiency up to 27% they are not fluorescent, and the polymer does not scatter light but shows an excitation wavelength-dependent fluorescence typical of multi-fluorophoric uncoupled systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Giordani
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Arianna Menichetti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
- Tecnopolo di Rimini, Via Dario Campana, 71, 47922 Rimini, Italy
| | - Dario Mordini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Lucia Ferrazzano
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Valentina Marassi
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marco Montalti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
- Tecnopolo di Rimini, Via Dario Campana, 71, 47922 Rimini, Italy
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3
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Giordani S, Marassi V, Placci A, Zattoni A, Roda B, Reschiglian P. Field-Flow Fractionation in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Molecules 2023; 28:6201. [PMID: 37687030 PMCID: PMC10488451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Field-flow fractionation (FFF) is a family of single-phase separative techniques exploited to gently separate and characterize nano- and microsystems in suspension. These techniques cover an extremely wide dynamic range and are able to separate analytes in an interval between a few nm to 100 µm size-wise (over 15 orders of magnitude mass-wise). They are flexible in terms of mobile phase and can separate the analytes in native conditions, preserving their original structures/properties as much as possible. Molecular biology is the branch of biology that studies the molecular basis of biological activity, while biotechnology deals with the technological applications of biology. The areas where biotechnologies are required include industrial, agri-food, environmental, and pharmaceutical. Many species of biological interest belong to the operational range of FFF techniques, and their application to the analysis of such samples has steadily grown in the last 30 years. This work aims to summarize the main features, milestones, and results provided by the application of FFF in the field of molecular biology and biotechnology, with a focus on the years from 2000 to 2022. After a theoretical background overview of FFF and its methodologies, the results are reported based on the nature of the samples analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Giordani
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy (V.M.)
| | - Valentina Marassi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy (V.M.)
- byFlow srl, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Placci
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy (V.M.)
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy (V.M.)
- byFlow srl, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy (V.M.)
- byFlow srl, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy (V.M.)
- byFlow srl, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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4
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Application of Af4-Multidetection to Liraglutide in Its Formulation: Preserving and Representing Native Aggregation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175485. [PMID: 36080254 PMCID: PMC9457993 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation is among the most critical parameters affecting the pharmacological and safety profile of peptide Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). For this reason, it is of utmost importance to define the exact aggregation state of peptide drugs, particularly when the API is marketed as a ready-to-use solution. Consequently, appropriate non-destructive techniques able to replicate the peptide environment must be employed. In our work, we exploited Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation (AF4), connected to UV, dRI, fluorescence, and MALS detectors, to fully characterize the aggregation state of Liraglutide, a peptide API used for the treatment of diabetes type 2 and chronic obesity. In previous studies, Liraglutide was hypothesized to assemble into hexa-octamers in phosphate buffer, but no information on its behavior in the formulation medium was provided up to now. The method used allowed researchers to work using formulation as the mobile phase with excellent recoveries and LoQ/LoD, discerning between stable and degraded samples, and detecting, when present, aggregates up to 108 Da. The native state of Liraglutide was assessed and found to be an association into pentamers, with a non-spherical conformation. Combined to benchmark analyses, the sameness study was complete and descriptive, also giving insight on the aggregation process and covalent/non-covalent aggregate types.
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Tracking Heme-Protein Interactions in Healthy and Pathological Human Serum in Native Conditions by Miniaturized FFF-Multidetection. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12136762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of heme with blood serum proteins plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes involving enzyme activity, gene expression and cell proliferation. The mechanisms underlying these interactions are; however, not yet fully understood. New analytical methods able to investigate protein-heme binding in native, biologically representative conditions are thus required. In this work, we present a method based on miniaturized, hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation with multiple spectrophotometric and light-scattering detection for size separation of high-abundance serum proteins and selective detection of heme-bound subpopulations. Heme is found to mainly interact with serum albumin, whereas a low amount also binds to other proteins such as IgM. The ability to bind heme in physiological conditions is also investigated for individual serum proteins. IgG is found unable to bind heme at clinically relevant concentrations. The proposed method allows separation, quantitation, and mass/size characterization of serum high-abundance proteins, providing information of heme-protein complex stability and preferred heme-clearing pathways. The same approach could be in perspective extended to the investigation of specific heme-antibody binding, and to further studies involving other molecules of pharmaceutical/clinical interest.
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Marassi V, De Marchis F, Roda B, Bellucci M, Capecchi A, Reschiglian P, Pompa A, Zattoni A. Perspectives on protein biopolymers: miniaturized flow field-flow fractionation-assisted characterization of a single-cysteine mutated phaseolin expressed in transplastomic tobacco plants. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1637:461806. [PMID: 33360435 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of plant-based protein polymers to employ in biofilm production represents the promising intersection between material science and sustainability, and allows to obtain biodegradable materials that also possess excellent physicochemical properties. A possible candidate for protein biopolymer production is phaseolin, a storage protein highly abundant in P Vulgaris beans. We previously showed that transformed tobacco chloroplasts could be employed to express a mutated phaseolin carrying a signal peptide (directing it into the thylakoids) also enriched of a cysteine residue added to its C-terminal region. This modification allows for the formation of inter-chain disulfide bonds, as we previously demonstrated, and should promote polymerization. To verify the effect of the peptide modification and to quantify polymer formation, we employed hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation coupled to UV and multi-angle laser scattering detection (HF5-UV-MALS): HF5 allows for the selective size-based separation of phaseolin species, whereas MALS calculates molar mass and conformation state of each population. With the use of two different HF5 separation methods we first observed the native state of P.Vulgaris phaseolin, mainly assembled into trimers, and compared it to mutated phaseolin (P*) which instead resulted highly aggregated. Then we further characterized P* using a second separation method, discriminating between two and distinct high-molecular weight (HMW) species, one averaging 0.8 × 106 Da and the second reaching the tens of million Da. Insight on the conformation of these HMW species was offered from their conformation plots, which confirmed the positive impact of the Cys modification on polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Marassi
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, via dell'Arcoveggio 74, 40128 Bologna (BO), Italy
| | - Francesca De Marchis
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources-Research Division of Perugia, National Research Council of Italy, via della Madonna Alta 130, 06128, Perugia (PG), Italy
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, via dell'Arcoveggio 74, 40128 Bologna (BO), Italy
| | - Michele Bellucci
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources-Research Division of Perugia, National Research Council of Italy, via della Madonna Alta 130, 06128, Perugia (PG), Italy
| | - Alice Capecchi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources-Research Division of Perugia, National Research Council of Italy, via della Madonna Alta 130, 06128, Perugia (PG), Italy
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, via dell'Arcoveggio 74, 40128 Bologna (BO), Italy
| | - Andrea Pompa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", via Donato Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, via dell'Arcoveggio 74, 40128 Bologna (BO), Italy.
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7
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Marassi V, Marangon M, Zattoni A, Vincenzi S, Versari A, Reschiglian P, Roda B, Curioni A. Characterization of red wine native colloids by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation with online multidetection. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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8
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Marassi V, Maggio S, Battistelli M, Stocchi V, Zattoni A, Reschiglian P, Guescini M, Roda B. An ultracentrifugation - hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation orthogonal approach for the purification and mapping of extracellular vesicle subtypes. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1638:461861. [PMID: 33472105 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the course of their life span, cells release a multitude of different vesicles in the extracellular matrix (EVs), constitutively and/or upon stimulation, carrying signals either inside or on their membrane for intercellular communication. As a natural delivery tool, EVs present many desirable advantages, such as biocompatibility and low toxicity. However, due to the complex biogenesis of EVs and their high heterogeneity in size distribution and composition, the characterization and quantification of EVs and their subpopulations still represents an enticing analytical challenge. Centrifugation methods allow to obtain different subpopulations in an easy way from cell culture conditioned medium and biological fluids including plasma, amniotic fluid and urine, but they still present some drawbacks and limitations. An unsatisfactory isolation can limit their downstream analysis and lead to wrong conclusions regarding biological activities. Isolation and characterization of biologically relevant nanoparticles like EVs is crucial to investigate specific molecular and signaling patterns and requires new combined approaches. Our work was focused on HF5 (miniaturized, hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation), and its hyphenation to ultracentrifugation techniques, which are the most assessed techniques for vesicle isolation. We exploited model samples obtained from culture medium of murine myoblasts (C2C12), known to release different subsets of membrane-derived vesicles. Large and small EVs (LEVs and SEVs) were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation (UC). Through an HF5 method employing UV, fluorescence and multi-angle laser scattering as detectors, we characterized these subpopulations in terms of size, abundance and DNA/protein content; moreover, we showed that microvesicles tend to hyper-aggregate and partially release nucleic matter. The quali-quantitative information we obtained from the fractographic profiles was improved with respect to Nano Tracking Analysis (NTA) estimation. The SEV population was then further separated using density gradient centrifugation (DGC), and four fractions were submitted again to HF5-multidetection. This technique is based on a fully orthogonal principle, since F4 does not separate by density, and provided uncorrelated information for each of the fractions processed. The "second dimension" achieved with HF5 showed good promise in sorting particles with both different size and content, and allowed to identify the presence of fibrilloid nucleic matter. This analytical bidimensional approach proved to be effective for the characterization of highly complex biological samples such as mixtures of EVs and could provide purified fractions for further biological characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Marassi
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Serena Maggio
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Michela Battistelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; byFlow srl, Bologna, Italy
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Comprehensive characterization of gold nanoparticles and their protein conjugates used as a label by hollow fiber flow field flow fractionation with photodiode array and fluorescence detectors and multiangle light scattering. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1636:461739. [PMID: 33316566 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Most of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) devices rely on gold nanoparticles (GNP) labeled antibodies or other biospecific proteins, to achieve reagent-less color-based detection. GNP size, GNP-protein conjugation level and its stability are crucial points for the development of precise and accurate methods. In addition, the purification of the GNP-protein conjugates from unreacted protein and GNP, is necessary for adequate analytical performance of the assay. To assist the synthesis and production process of GNP and their protein conjugates, we use for the first time a non-destructive, particle separation-multi-detection approach based on miniaturized flow field flow fractionation (HF5). A separation method was developed to baseline size-separate GNP, GNP-protein, protein and GNP including BSA used as a surface coater in less than 30 minutes. Freshly synthesized GNP were first characterized and then conjugated with two different model antibodies: a mouse immunoglobulin (IgG) and a fluorescein-labeled mouse immunoglobulin (FITC-IgG). The IgG-GNP complexes were fractionated using the HF5 apparatus, able to separate IgG-GNP from free proteins by their hydrodynamic size, allowing purification of the conjugation product. Both IgG-GNPs and GNPs were characterized according to their size by the MALS detector, and according to their Surface Plasmon Resonance and spectrum by UV-Vis detection, improving the results obtained via batch characterization. This simple non-invasive approach is very useful for the LFIA development and optimization: the use of HF5-mutidetection offers a unique tool for this purpose facilitating the industrialization of the process and the relate optimization and standardization.
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10
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Flow field-flow fractionation: Recent applications for lipidomic and proteomic analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Marassi V, Beretti F, Roda B, Alessandrini A, Facci P, Maraldi T, Zattoni A, Reschiglian P, Portolani M. A new approach for the separation, characterization and testing of potential prionoid protein aggregates through hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation and multi-angle light scattering. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1087:121-130. [PMID: 31585560 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation are the common mechanisms in a variety of aggregation-dependent diseases. The compromised proteins often assemble into toxic, accumulating amyloid-like structures of various lengths and their toxicity can also be transferred both in vivo and in vitro a prion-like behavior. The characterization of protein interactions, degradation and conformational dynamics in biological systems still represents an analytical challenge in the prion-like protein comprehension. In our work, we investigated the nature of a transferable cytotoxic agent, presumably a misfolded protein, through the coupling of a multi-detector, non-destructive separation platform based on hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation with imaging and downstream in vitro tests. After purification with ion exchange chromatography, the transferable cytotoxic agentwas analyzed with Atomic Force Microscopy and statistical analysis, showing that the concentration of protein dimers and low n-oligomer forms was higher in the cytotoxic sample than in the control preparation. To assess whether the presence of these species was the actual toxic and/or self-propagating factor, we employed HF5 fractionation, with UV and Multi-Angle Light Scattering detection, to define proteins molar mass distribution and abundance, and fractionate the sample into size-homogeneous fractions. These fractions were then tested individually in vitro to investigate the direct correlation with cytotoxicity. Only the later-eluted fraction, which contains high-molar mass aggregates, proved to be toxic onto cell cultures. Moreover, it was observed that the selective transfer of toxicity also occurs for one lower-mass fraction, suggesting that two different mechanisms, acute and later induced toxicity, are in place. These results strongly encourage the efficacy of this platform to enable the identification of protein toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Marassi
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy; ByFlow Srl, Via dell'Arcoveggio 74, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Beretti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy; ByFlow Srl, Via dell'Arcoveggio 74, 40129, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Alessandrini
- CNR-Istituto Nanoscienze, S3, Via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy; Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Facci
- CNR-Istituto Nanoscienze, S3, Via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy; Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/A, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy; ByFlow Srl, Via dell'Arcoveggio 74, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy; ByFlow Srl, Via dell'Arcoveggio 74, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marinella Portolani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
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12
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Yang JS, Moon MH. Flow optimisations with increased channel thickness in asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1581-1582:100-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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Zhang X, Li Y, Shen S, Lee S, Dou H. Field-flow fractionation: A gentle separation and characterization technique in biomedicine. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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14
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Wankar J, Bonvicini F, Benkovics G, Marassi V, Malanga M, Fenyvesi E, Gentilomi GA, Reschiglian P, Roda B, Manet I. Widening the Therapeutic Perspectives of Clofazimine by Its Loading in Sulfobutylether β-Cyclodextrin Nanocarriers: Nanomolar IC50 Values against MDR S. epidermidis. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3823-3836. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Wankar
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Bonvicini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Marassi
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- byFlow Srl, Via Caduti della Via Fani 11/b, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Milo Malanga
- CycloLab, Cyclodextrin R&D Ltd., H1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva Fenyvesi
- CycloLab, Cyclodextrin R&D Ltd., H1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Giovanna Angela Gentilomi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Microbiology Unit, St Orsola Malpighi University Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- byFlow Srl, Via Caduti della Via Fani 11/b, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- byFlow Srl, Via Caduti della Via Fani 11/b, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilse Manet
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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Hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation and multi-angle light scattering as a new analytical solution for quality control in pharmaceutical nanotechnology. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Characterization of therapeutic protein AvidinOX by an integrated analytical approach. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:553-564. [PMID: 29167933 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AvidinOX, the oxidized derivative of Avidin, is a chemically modified glycoprotein, being currently under clinical investigation for targeted delivery of radioactive biotin to inoperable tumors. AvidinOX is produced by 4-hydroxyazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid (HABA)-assisted sodium periodate oxidation of Avidin. The peculiar property of the periodate-generated glycol-split carbohydrate moieties to form Schiff's bases with amino groups of the tissue proteins allows to achieve a tissue half-life of 2 weeks compared to 2 h of native Avidin. Carbohydrate oxidation, along with possible minor amino acid modifications, introduces additional microheterogeneity in the glycoprotein structure, making its characterization even more demanding than for native glycoproteins. Aiming at the elucidation of the effects of oxidation conditions on the AvidinOX protein backbone and sugars, this microheterogeneous glycoprotein derivative was characterized for the first time using a combination of different analytical methods, including colorimetric methods, mass spectrometry, hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation with UV and multi-angle laser scattering detection (HF5-UV-MALS), and NMR. The proposed integrated approach reveals structural features of AvidinOX relevant for its biological activity, e.g., oxidized sites within both carbohydrate moieties and protein backbone and conformational stability, and will be considered as an analytical tool for AvidinOX industrial preparations. It is worth noting that this study enriches also the structural data of native Avidin published up-to-date (e.g., glycan structure and distribution, peptide fingerprint, etc.). Graphical abstract Scheme of phenylacetic hydrazide/MALDI-TOF approach for quantification of aldehydes in AvidinOX based on the determination of the number of hydrazone adducts between hydrazide reagent and aldehyde groups of protein.
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Role of Carbonyl Modifications on Aging-Associated Protein Aggregation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19311. [PMID: 26776680 PMCID: PMC4726109 DOI: 10.1038/srep19311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation is a common biological phenomenon, observed in different physiological and pathological conditions. Decreased protein solubility and a tendency to aggregate is also observed during physiological aging but the causes are currently unknown. Herein we performed a biophysical separation of aging-related high molecular weight aggregates, isolated from the bone marrow and splenic cells of aging mice and followed by biochemical and mass spectrometric analysis. The analysis indicated that compared to younger mice an increase in protein post-translational carbonylation was observed. The causative role of these modifications in inducing protein misfolding and aggregation was determined by inducing carbonyl stress in young mice, which recapitulated the increased protein aggregation observed in old mice. Altogether our analysis indicates that oxidative stress-related post-translational modifications accumulate in the aging proteome and are responsible for increased protein aggregation and altered cell proteostasis.
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Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation: A Useful Tool for the Separation of Protein Pharmaceuticals and Particulate Systems. ADVANCES IN DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-4029-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Marassi V, Casolari S, Roda B, Zattoni A, Reschiglian P, Panzavolta S, Tofail SA, Ortelli S, Delpivo C, Blosi M, Costa AL. Hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation and multi-angle light scattering investigation of the size, shape and metal-release of silver nanoparticles in aqueous medium for nano-risk assessment. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 106:92-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Hydrodynamic size-based separation and characterization of protein aggregates from total cell lysates. Nat Protoc 2014; 10:134-48. [PMID: 25521790 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2015.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe a protocol that uses hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation (FFF) coupled with multiangle light scattering (MALS) for hydrodynamic size-based separation and characterization of complex protein aggregates. The fractionation method, which requires 1.5 h to run, was successfully modified from the analysis of protein aggregates, as found in simple protein mixtures, to complex aggregates, as found in total cell lysates. In contrast to other related methods (filter assay, analytical ultracentrifugation, gel electrophoresis and size-exclusion chromatography), hollow-fiber flow FFF coupled with MALS allows a flow-based fractionation of highly purified protein aggregates and simultaneous measurement of their molecular weight, r.m.s. radius and molecular conformation (e.g., round, rod-shaped, compact or relaxed). The polyethersulfone hollow fibers used, which have a 0.8-mm inner diameter, allow separation of as little as 20 μg of total cell lysates. In addition, the ability to run the samples in different denaturing and nondenaturing buffer allows defining true aggregates from artifacts, which can form during sample preparation. The protocol was set up using Paraquat-induced carbonylation, a model that induces protein aggregation in cultured cells. This technique will advance the biochemical, proteomic and biophysical characterization of molecular-weight aggregates associated with protein mutations, as found in many CNS degenerative diseases, or chronic oxidative stress, as found in aging, and chronic metabolic and inflammatory conditions.
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Marassi V, Roda B, Zattoni A, Tanase M, Reschiglian P. Hollow fiber flow field-flow fractionation and size-exclusion chromatography with multi-angle light scattering detection: A complementary approach in biopharmaceutical industry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1372C:196-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Quantitative characterization by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation of IgG thermal aggregation with and without polymer protective agents. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:7539-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8200-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Separation and quantification of monoclonal-antibody aggregates by hollow-fiber-flow field-flow fractionation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:6257-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8065-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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