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Zhao H, Zhang X, Zuo L, Li L, Yang H, Zhang M, Wang N, Jia Q, Liu Y. A new methodology to reveal potential nucleic acid modifications associated with the risk of endometrial cancer through dispersive solid-phase extraction coupled with UHPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS/MS and HPLC-UV. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:2439-2452. [PMID: 38400939 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05206-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid modifications have attracted increasing attention in recent years since they have been found to be related to a number of diseases including cancer. Previous studies have shown that the early development of endometrial cancer (EC) is often accompanied by changes in methylation levels of related genes, and the expression of related proteins that regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) shows significant differences in EC cells and tissues. However, it has not been reported whether nucleic acid modifications related to methylation or ROS can serve as biomarkers for EC. Accurate quantification of these nucleic acid modifications still has challenges because their amounts in urine are very low and the interferences in urine are complicated. In this study, a novel dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) method based on chitosan-carbon nanotube-Al2O3 (CS-CNT-Al2O3) has been established for the analysis of 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5 mU), 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-mdC), 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-hmdC), 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-fdC), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in EC patient urine samples coupled with UHPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS/MS and HPLC-UV. Firstly, the synthesis of the CS-CNT-Al2O3 nanocomposite was conducted by a sono-coprecipitation method and was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Under the optimal extraction conditions of DSPE, we successfully quantified 5 mU, 5-mdC, 5-hmdC, 5-fdC, and 8-OHdG in urine samples from 37 EC patients and 39 healthy controls. The results showed that there were significant differences in the levels of 5-mdC, 5-hmdC, 5-fdC, and 8-OHdG in EC patients compared to the healthy control group. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was carried out to evaluate the potential of 5-mdC, 5-hmdC, 5-fdC, and 8-OHdG to distinguish EC patients from healthy volunteers. The area under the curve (AUC) for 5-mdC, 5-hmdC, 5-fdC, and 8-OHdG was 0.7412, 0.667, 0.8438, and 0.7981, respectively. It indicated that 5-mdC, 5-hmdC, 5-fdC, and 8-OHdG had certain potential in distinguishing between EC patients and healthy volunteers and they could act as potential non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of EC. Moreover, the present study would stimulate investigations of the effects of nucleic acid modifications on the initiation and progression of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Core Facilities and Centers, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujie Zuo
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfang Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingzhong Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China.
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Investigation of the electrochemical behavior of cysteine by hyphenation of electrochemistry and mass spectrometry. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-022-02943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe identification of the reaction product species stands out as one of the main limitations of the classical electrochemical techniques. This can be overcome by the combination of electrochemistry (EC) to mass spectrometry (MS). Moreover, the method can be further enhanced by implementing a separation technique between EC and MS. In the present work, the oxidation behavior of cysteine with coupling EC directly to MS (real-time EC–MS) or by implementing capillary electrophoresis (CE), to separate the analytes before the injection into the mass spectrometer, is investigated. Electrochemical measurements and pre-treatment were applied on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) based on carbon. Direct EC–MS measurements were carried out with a modified flow cell, while online EC–CE–MS studies of cysteine oxidation were conducted with a custom-made setup. An electrochemical conversion yield for cysteine of up to 69% was found. Cystine, cysteic acid, and cysteine sulfinic acid were found as oxidation products. The identification of these product species was carried out according to their migration behavior in CE, and mass-to-charge ratios in addition to their isotopic patterns shown in the MS spectra.
Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Herl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and BiosensorsUniversity of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Frank‐Michael Matysik
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and BiosensorsUniversity of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
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Khanipour P, Löffler M, Reichert AM, Haase FT, Mayrhofer KJJ, Katsounaros I. Electrochemical Real‐Time Mass Spectrometry (EC‐RTMS): Monitoring Electrochemical Reaction Products in Real Time. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7273-7277. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Khanipour
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Mario Löffler
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas M. Reichert
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Felix T. Haase
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Karl J. J. Mayrhofer
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Ioannis Katsounaros
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Khanipour P, Löffler M, Reichert AM, Haase FT, Mayrhofer KJJ, Katsounaros I. Electrochemical Real‐Time Mass Spectrometry (EC‐RTMS): Monitoring Electrochemical Reaction Products in Real Time. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Khanipour
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Mario Löffler
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andreas M. Reichert
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Felix T. Haase
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Karl J. J. Mayrhofer
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Ioannis Katsounaros
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Development of a miniaturized injection cell for online electrochemistry–capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Portychová L, Schug KA. Instrumentation and applications of electrochemistry coupled to mass spectrometry for studying xenobiotic metabolism: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 993:1-21. [PMID: 29078951 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of metabolic pathways and biotransformation of xenobiotics, artificial substances foreign to the entire biological system, is crucial for elucidation of degradation routes of potentially toxic substances. Nowadays, there are many methods to simulate xenobiotic metabolism in the human body in vitro. In this review, the metabolism of various substances in the human body is described, followed by a summary of methods used for prediction of metabolic pathways and biotransformation. Above all, focus is placed on the coupling of electrochemistry to mass spectrometry, which is still a relatively new technique. This promising tool can mimic both oxidative phase I and conjugative phase II metabolism. Different experimental arrangements, with or without a separation step, and various applications of this technique are illustrated and critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Portychová
- Research Institute for Organic Synthesis, Inc., 533 54 Rybitví, Czech Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Palacký University, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kevin A Schug
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
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Jiang Y, He MY, Zhang WJ, Luo P, Guo D, Fang X, Xu W. Recent advances of capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry instrumentation and methodology. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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