1
|
Comnea-Stancu IR, van Staden JKF, Stefan-van Staden RI, State RN. Simultaneous determination of anthracene and phenanthrene using a poly-alizarin red S/carbon paste electrode. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136909. [PMID: 36265711 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A polymer-based carbon paste electrode was constructed by electropolymerized Alizarin Red S (ARS) film on the carbon paste electrode (CPE) surface. The electrochemical properties of poly-ARS/CPE were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized for electrode characterization. The electropolymerization cycles for the construction of the sensor and the supporting electrolyte were optimized. With 0.1 M LiClO4 as a supporting electrolyte, poly-ARS/CPE was able to generate oxidation peaks for anthracene (ANT) and phenanthrene (PHE), that were clearly defined and easily distinguished from one to another when operating in square wave voltammetry (SWV). In the simultaneous detection the linear ranges of ANT and PHE were within 80-1000 μM, with detection limits of 24 μM. The variation of peak parameters with scan rate was investigated to determine the nature of electrooxidation and the number of electrons involved in the electrode process. Poly-ARS/CPE was successfully utilized for the detection of ANT and PHE in different water samples and the obtained results suggested the selectivity, stability and reproducibility of the modified electrode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ionela Raluca Comnea-Stancu
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Jacobus Koos Frederick van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Razvan Niculae State
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independentei Street, 060021, Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zeid AM, Abdussalam A, Hanif S, Anjum S, Lou B, Xu G. Recent advances in microchip electrophoresis for analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:15-34. [PMID: 35689426 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Life-threatening diseases, such as hepatitis B, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and COVID-19, are widespread due to pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Therefore, the development of highly sensitive, rapid, portable, cost-effective, and selective methods for the analysis of such microorganisms is a great challenge. Microchip electrophoresis (ME) has been widely used in recent years for the analysis of bacterial and viral pathogens in biological and environmental samples owing to its portability, simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and rapid analysis. However, microbial enrichment and purification are critical steps for accurate and sensitive analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses in complex matrices. Therefore, we first discussed the advances in the sample preparation technologies associated with the accurate analysis of such microorganisms, especially the on-chip microfluidic-based sample preparations such as dielectrophoresis and microfluidic membrane filtration. Thereafter, we focused on the recent advances in the lab-on-a-chip electrophoretic analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses in different complex matrices. As the microbial analysis is mainly based on the analysis of nucleic acid of the microorganism, the integration of nucleic acid-based amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR, and multiplex PCR with ME will result in an accurate and sensitive analysis of microbial pathogens. Such analyses are very important for the point-of-care diagnosis of various infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah M Zeid
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abubakar Abdussalam
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.,College of Natural and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Saima Hanif
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saima Anjum
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Baohua Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang Z, Wang W, Xie L, Lin L. A novel method of reversed migration capillary electrophoresis for determination of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates. J Anal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-021-00285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractA reversed migration capillary electrophoresis (RMCE) has been developed to determine linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS). The sample stacking and separation conditions have been systematically investigated and optimized under reversed separation voltage at a low pH value. The separation effect of LAS homologs has been greatly improved based on the relative motion of electrophoresis and electroosmotic flow. RMCE demonstrates a good linear range of 0.1 mg/l to 10.0 mg/l, and the detection limit of LAS homologs reaches 0.001–0.004 mg/l. The relative standard deviations (n=6) of peak area and migration time were 2.25–4.40% and 0.67–0.75%, respectively. RMCE has also been applied for LAS detection in practical wastewater. The results show RMCE exhibits easy pretreatment, fast detection, high sensitivity, good peak shapes and resolution, and less solvent consumption, compared with the established high-performance liquid chromatography method.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ragab MAA, El-Kimary EI. Recent Advances and Applications of Microfluidic Capillary Electrophoresis: A Comprehensive Review (2017-Mid 2019). Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:709-741. [PMID: 32447968 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1765729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic capillary electrophoresis (MCE) is the novel technique resulted from the CE mininaturization as planar separation and analysis device. This review presents and discusses various application fields of this advanced technology published in the period 2017 till mid-2019 in eight different sections including clinical, biological, single cell analysis, environmental, pharmaceuticals, food analysis, forensic and ion analysis. The need for miniaturization of CE and the consequence advantages achieved are also discussed including high-throughput, miniaturized detection, effective separation, portability and the need for micro- or even nano-volume of samples. Comprehensive tables for the MCE applications in the different studied fields are provided. Also, figure comparing the number of the published papers applying MCE in the eight discussed fields within the studied period is included. The future investigation should put into consideration the possibility of replacing conventional CE with the MCE after proper validation. Suitable validation parameters with their suitable accepted ranges should be tailored for analysis methods utilizing such unique technique (MCE).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A A Ragab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Alexandria University, El-Messalah, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman I El-Kimary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Alexandria University, El-Messalah, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Q, Liu P, Li S, Zhang X, Chen M. Progress in the analytical research methods of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2020.1746668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyao Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Detection, College of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Hygiene Detection, College of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Shuling Li
- Department of Hygiene Detection, College of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Detection, College of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Mengdi Chen
- Department of Hygiene Detection, College of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tropp J, Ihde MH, Williams AK, White NJ, Eedugurala N, Bell NC, Azoulay JD, Bonizzoni M. A sensor array for the discrimination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using conjugated polymers and the inner filter effect. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10247-10255. [PMID: 32110311 PMCID: PMC7020785 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03405f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The inner filter effect and multivariate array sensing using conjugated polymers are combined for the detection and challenging discrimination of closely related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Natural and anthropogenic activities result in the production of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), persistent pollutants that negatively impact the environment and human health. Rapid and reliable methods for the detection and discrimination of these compounds remains a technological challenge owing to their relatively featureless properties, structural similarities, and existence as complex mixtures. Here, we demonstrate that the inner filter effect (IFE), in combination with conjugated polymer (CP) array-based sensing, offers a straightforward approach for the quantitative and qualitative profiling of PAHs. The sensor array was constructed from six fluorescent fluorene-based copolymers, which incorporate side chains with peripheral 2-phenylbenzimidazole substituents that provide spectral overlap with PAHs and give rise to a pronounced IFE. Subtle structural differences in copolymer structure result in distinct spectral signatures, which provide a unique “chemical fingerprint” for each PAH. The discriminatory power of the array was evaluated using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and principal component analysis (PCA) in order to discriminate between 16 PAH compounds identified as priority pollutants by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This array is the first multivariate system reliant on the modulation of the spectral signatures of CPs through the IFE for the detection and discrimination of closely related polynuclear aromatic species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Tropp
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , School of Polymer Science and Engineering , The University of Southern Mississippi , 118 College Drive #5050 , Hattiesburg , MS 39406 , USA .
| | - Michael H Ihde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , P.O. Box 870336 , Tuscaloosa , AL 35487 , USA .
| | - Abagail K Williams
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , School of Polymer Science and Engineering , The University of Southern Mississippi , 118 College Drive #5050 , Hattiesburg , MS 39406 , USA .
| | - Nicholas J White
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , P.O. Box 870336 , Tuscaloosa , AL 35487 , USA .
| | - Naresh Eedugurala
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , School of Polymer Science and Engineering , The University of Southern Mississippi , 118 College Drive #5050 , Hattiesburg , MS 39406 , USA .
| | - Noel C Bell
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , School of Polymer Science and Engineering , The University of Southern Mississippi , 118 College Drive #5050 , Hattiesburg , MS 39406 , USA .
| | - Jason D Azoulay
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , School of Polymer Science and Engineering , The University of Southern Mississippi , 118 College Drive #5050 , Hattiesburg , MS 39406 , USA .
| | - Marco Bonizzoni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , P.O. Box 870336 , Tuscaloosa , AL 35487 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu J, Sun J, Cheng H, Liu J, Wang Y. Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by capillary electrochromatography by using capillary columns packed with polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbon-specific particles. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201800063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabei Wu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou China
| | - Jiannan Sun
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou China
| | - Heyong Cheng
- Qianjiang College; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Qianjiang College; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou China
| | - Yuanchao Wang
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Álvarez G, Montero L, Llorens L, Castro-Puyana M, Cifuentes A. Recent advances in the application of capillary electromigration methods for food analysis and Foodomics. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:136-159. [PMID: 28975648 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review work presents and discusses the main applications of capillary electromigration methods in food analysis and Foodomics. Papers that were published during the period February 2015-February 2017 are included following the previous review by Acunha et al. (Electrophoresis 2016, 37, 111-141). The paper shows the large variety of food related molecules that have been analyzed by CE including amino acids, biogenic amines, carbohydrates, chiral compounds, contaminants, DNAs, food additives, heterocyclic amines, lipids, peptides, pesticides, phenols, pigments, polyphenols, proteins, residues, toxins, vitamins, small organic and inorganic compounds, as well as other minor compounds. This work describes the last results on food quality and safety, nutritional value, storage, bioactivity, as well as uses of CE for monitoring food interactions and food processing including recent microchips developments and new applications of CE in Foodomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ali I, Alharbi OML, Marsin Sanagi M. Nano-capillary electrophoresis for environmental analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2015; 14:79-98. [PMID: 32214934 PMCID: PMC7087629 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-015-0547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many analytical techniques have been used to monitor environmental pollutants. But most techniques are not capable to detect pollutants at nanogram levels. Hence, under such conditions, absence of pollutants is often assumed, whereas pollutants are in fact present at low but undetectable concentrations. Detection at low levels may be done by nano-capillary electrophoresis, also named microchip electrophoresis. Here, we review the analysis of pollutants by nano-capillary electrophoresis. We present instrumentations, applications, optimizations and separation mechanisms. We discuss the analysis of metal ions, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, explosives, viruses, bacteria and other contaminants. Detectors include ultraviolet-visible, fluorescent, conductivity, atomic absorption spectroscopy, refractive index, atomic fluorescence spectrometry, atomic emission spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, mass spectrometry, time-of-flight mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Detection limits ranged from nanogram to picogram levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Omar M. L. Alharbi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Taibah University, P.O. Box 30002, Madinah Al-Munawarah, 41477 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Marsin Sanagi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor Malaysia
- Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies, Nanotechnology Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|