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Martin PR, Buchner D, Jochmann MA, Haderlein SB. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction as a novel enrichment approach for compound-specific carbon isotope analysis of chlorinated phenols. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:919-929. [PMID: 38258526 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01981k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) via gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS) is a potent tool to elucidate the fate of (semi-)volatile organic contaminants in technical and environmental systems. Yet, due to the comparatively low sensitivity of IRMS, an enrichment step prior to analysis often is inevitable. A promising approach for fast as well as economic analyte extraction and preconcentration prior to CSIA is dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) - a well-established technique in concentration analysis of contaminants from aqueous samples. Here, we present and evaluate the first DLLME method for GC-IRMS exemplified by the analysis of chlorinated phenols (4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol) as model compounds. The analytes were simultaneously acetylated with acetic anhydride and extracted from the aqueous phase using a binary solvent mixture of acetone and tetrachloroethylene. With this method, reproducible δ13C values were achieved with errors ≤ 0.6‰ (n = 3) for aqueous concentrations down to 100 μg L-1. With preconcentration factors between 130 and 220, the method outperformed conventional liquid-liquid extraction in terms of sample preparation time and resource consumption with comparable reproducibility. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the suitability of the method (i) for the extraction of the analytes from a spiked river water sample and (ii) to quantify kinetic carbon isotope effect for 2,4,6-trichlorophenol during reduction with zero-valent zinc in a laboratory batch experiment. The presented work shows for the first time the potential of DLLME for analyte enrichment prior to CSIA and paves the way for further developments, such as the extraction of other compounds or scaling up to larger sample volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp R Martin
- Department of Geosciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 94-96, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Daniel Buchner
- Department of Geosciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 94-96, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Maik A Jochmann
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan B Haderlein
- Department of Geosciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 94-96, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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2
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Cerdà V, Ferreira SLC, Phansi P. Lab-in-Syringe, a Useful Technique for the Analysis and Detection of Pollutants of Emerging Concern in Environmental and Food Samples. Molecules 2022; 27:7279. [PMID: 36364111 PMCID: PMC9656442 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lab-in-syringe is a new approach for the integration of various analytical extraction steps inside a syringe. Fully automated dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction is carried out in-syringe using a very simple instrumental setup. Dispersion is achieved by aspiration of the organic phase and then the watery phase into the syringe as rapidly as possible. After aggregation of the solvent droplets, the organic phase is pushed towards the detector allowing a highly sensitive spectrophotometric or fluorimetric detection. This technique is very useful not only for the preconcentration of analyte, but also for the elimination of their interferences. In this work, its application is described using solvents that are lighter and denser than water. The magnetically assisted variant and its coupling to different instruments has been also described with the aim of increasing the resolution of complex samples, especially useful for the determination of emerging contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio L. C. Ferreira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Salvador 40170-270, Brazil
| | - Piyawan Phansi
- Department of Chemistry, Thepsatri Rajabhat University, Lopburi 15000, Thailand
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3
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Manousi N, Kabir A, Furton KG, Anthemidis AN. Dual Lab-in-Syringe Flow-Batch Platform for Automatic Fabric Disk Sorptive Extraction/Back-extraction as a Front End to Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12943-12947. [PMID: 36098462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel dual lab-in-syringe flow-batch (D-LIS-FB) platform for automatic fabric-disk-in-syringe sorptive extraction followed by oxidative back-extraction as a front end to inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) is presented for the first time. Sol-gel poly(caprolactone)-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-poly(caprolactone)-coated polyester fabric disks were packed at the top of the glass barrel of a microsyringe pump as an alternative to column preconcentration. Herein lie multiple significant advantages including effectiveness, compactness, lower back-pressure, and lower time of analysis. Copper, lead, and cadmium were used as model analytes for the exploration of the capabilities of the developed platform. The online retained metal-diethyldithiophosphate complexes were eluted using diisopropyl ketone prior to atomization. Undesirable incompatibility of organic solvents for direct injection into the ICP-AES system was overcome ingeniously in a flow manner by oxidative back-extraction of the analytes utilizing a second lab-in-syringe setup. Following its optimization, the D-LIS-FB platform showed excellent linearity, in combination with good method precision (i.e., RSD < 3.4%) and trueness. Moreover, the limits of detection were 0.25 μg L-1 for Cd(II), 0.13 μg L-1 for Cu(II), and 0.37 μg L-1 for Pb(II), confirming the applicability of the proposed system for metal analysis at trace levels. As a proof-of-concept, the developed versatile system was utilized for the analysis of different environmental, food, and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Manousi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Abuzar Kabir
- International Forensic Research Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33131, United States
| | - Kenneth G Furton
- International Forensic Research Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33131, United States
| | - Aristidis N Anthemidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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4
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Trojanowicz M, Pyszynska M. Flow-Injection Methods in Water Analysis-Recent Developments. Molecules 2022; 27:1410. [PMID: 35209198 PMCID: PMC8879103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread demand for the analysis and control of water quality and supply for human activity and ecosystem sustainability has necessitated the continuous improvement of water analysis methods in terms of their reliability, efficiency, and costs. To satisfy these requirements, flow-injection analysis using different detection methods has successfully been developed in recent decades. This review, based on about 100 original research papers, presents the achievements in this field over the past ten years. Various methodologies for establishing flow-injection measurements are reviewed, together with microfluidics and portable systems. The developed applications mostly concern not only the determination of inorganic analytes but also the speciation analysis of different elements, and the determination of several total indices of water quality. Examples of the determination of organic residues (e.g., pesticides, phenolic compounds, and surfactants) in natural surface waters, seawater, groundwater, and drinking water have also been identified. Usually, changes in the format of manual procedures for flow-injection determination results in the improvement of various operational parameters, such as the limits of detection, the sampling rate, or selectivity in different matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Trojanowicz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 02-195 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Pyszynska
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 02-195 Warsaw, Poland;
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Lemos VA, Barreto JA, Santos LB, de Assis RDS, Novaes CG, Cassella RJ. In-syringe dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. Talanta 2022; 238:123002. [PMID: 34857335 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) has recently been widely used in the separation and preconcentration of various chemical species. Among the various approaches using DLLME are systems that use a syringe as an extraction environment. In this review, details of some methods that use this approach are presented. The ways to promote dispersion, analytical characteristics, and the advantages and disadvantages of the methods, among other aspects, are discussed critically. Finally, some trends in the use of in-syringe microextraction systems are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valfredo Azevedo Lemos
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Laboratório de Química Analítica, Campus de Jequié, 45208-091, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Campus Universitário de Ondina, 40170-280, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Jeferson Alves Barreto
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Laboratório de Química Analítica, Campus de Jequié, 45208-091, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Química Analítica, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, 24020-141, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luana Bastos Santos
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Laboratório de Química Analítica, Campus de Jequié, 45208-091, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Campus Universitário de Ondina, 40170-280, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rosivan Dos Santos de Assis
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Campus Universitário de Ondina, 40170-280, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Cleber Galvão Novaes
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Laboratório de Química Analítica, Campus de Jequié, 45208-091, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo J Cassella
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Química Analítica, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, 24020-141, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Gubin A, Sukhanov P, Kushnir A, Sannikova N, Konopleva V, Nikulina A. Determination of phenols in natural and waste waters by capillary electrophoresis after preconcentration on magnetic nanoparticles coated with aminated hypercrosslinked polystyrene. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:1978-1988. [PMID: 33605527 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient sorbent for magnetic solid-phase extraction was developed from Fe3 O4 nanoparticles covered with aminated hypercrosslinked polystyrene. The sorbent has a saturation magnetization of 47 emu/g and a surface area of 509 mg/g and was tested for the extraction of 11 phenols from aqueous media. The optimum conditions were as follows: pH 3; adsorbent mass, 20.0 mg; adsorption time, 30 min; eluent (acetone) volume, 0.5 mL; and desorption time, 5 min. The enrichment factor after desorption reached 1595-1716 and the maximum adsorption capacity was 501-909 mg/g. Capillary electrophoresis was applied successively to separate 11 phenols after solid-phase extraction. The best separation was achieved using a fused silica capillary and borate buffer (pH 10.7) as a supporting electrolyte. After optimization, the linearity range was from 0.2 to 950 μg/L, and the limits of detection were 0.05-0.2 μg/L. The relative standard deviation varied from 6.1 to 8.7% (C = 1 μg/L) and from 2.9 to 3.5% (C = 500 μg/L). The determination of phenols is complicated in eutrophic water and spring water with a high content of humic and fulvic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gubin
- Faculty of Ecology and Chemical Technology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, 394036, Russia
| | - Pavel Sukhanov
- Faculty of Ecology and Chemical Technology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, 394036, Russia
| | - Aleksei Kushnir
- Faculty of Ecology and Chemical Technology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, 394036, Russia
| | - Natalia Sannikova
- Faculty of Ecology and Chemical Technology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, 394036, Russia
| | - Victoria Konopleva
- Faculty of Ecology and Chemical Technology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, 394036, Russia
| | - Alla Nikulina
- Faculty of Ecology and Chemical Technology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, 394036, Russia
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7
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Beh SY, Md Saleh N, Asman S. Surfactant-functionalised magnetic ferum oxide coupled with high performance liquid chromatography for the extraction of phenol. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:607-619. [PMID: 33480366 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02166k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The usage of phenols in the marketplace has been increasing tremendously, which has raised concerns about their toxicity and potential effect as emerging pollutants. Phenol's structure has closely bonded phenyl and hydroxy groups, thereby making its functional characteristics closely similar to that of alcohol. As a result, phenol is used as a base compound for commercial home-based products. Hence, a simple and efficient procedure is required to determine the low concentration of phenols in environmental water samples. In this research, a method of combining magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with surfactant Sylgard 309 was developed to overcome the drawbacks in the classical extraction methods. In addition, this developed method improved the performance of extraction when MNPs and the surfactant Sylgard 309 were used separately, as reported in the previous research. This MNP-Sylgard 309 was synthesised by the coprecipitation method and attracts phenolic compounds in environmental water samples. Response surface methodology was used to study the parameters and responses in order to obtain an optimised condition using MNP-Sylgard 309. The parameters included the effect of pH, extraction time, and concentration of the analyte. Meanwhile, the responses measured were the peak area of the chromatogram and the percentage recovery. From this study, the results of the optimum conditions for extraction using MNP-Sylgard 309 were pH 7, extraction time of 20 min, and analyte concentration of 10.0 μg mL-1. Under the optimized conditions, MNP-Sylgard 309 showed a low limit of detection of 0.665 μg mL-1 and the limit of quantification was about 2.219 μg mL-1. MNP-Sylgard 309 was successfully applied on environmental water samples such as lake and river water. High recovery (76.23%-110.23%) was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiuan Yih Beh
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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A comprehensive review on application of the syringe in liquid- and solid-phase microextraction methods. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-02025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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Molecular complex based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for simultaneous HPLC determination of eight phenolic compounds in water samples. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Horstkotte B, Solich P. The Automation Technique Lab-In-Syringe: A Practical Guide. Molecules 2020; 25:E1612. [PMID: 32244706 PMCID: PMC7181287 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
About eight years ago, a new automation approach and flow technique called "Lab-In-Syringe" was proposed. It was derived from previous flow techniques, all based on handling reagent and sample solutions in a flow manifold. To date Lab-In-Syringe has evidently gained the interest of researchers in many countries, with new modifications, operation modes, and technical improvements still popping up. It has proven to be a versatile tool for the automation of sample preparation, particularly, liquid-phase microextraction approaches. This article aims to assist newcomers to this technique in system planning and setup by overviewing the different options for configurations, limitations, and feasible operations. This includes syringe orientation, in-syringe stirring modes, in-syringe detection, additional inlets, and addable features. The authors give also a chronological overview of technical milestones and a critical explanation on the potentials and shortcomings of this technique, calculations of characteristics, and tips and tricks on method development. Moreover, a comprehensive overview of the different operation modes of Lab-In-Syringe automated sample pretreatment is given focusing on the technical aspects and challenges of the related operations. We further deal with possibilities on how to fabricate required or useful system components, in particular by 3D printing technology, with over 20 different elements exemplarily shown. Finally, a short discussion on shortcomings and required improvements is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Horstkotte
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
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Javadi T, Farajmand B, Yaftian MR, Zamani A. Homogenizer assisted dispersive liquid-phase microextraction for the extraction-enrichment of phenols from aqueous samples and determination by gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1614:460733. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Automated continuous-flow in-syringe dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of mono-nitrophenols from large sample volumes using a novel approach to multivariate spectral analysis. Talanta 2019; 202:11-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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Yaripour S, Mohammadi A, Mousavi S, Esfanjani I, Arabzadeh N, Mozaffari S. Simultaneous Determination of 2-Nitrophenol and 4-Nitrophenol in Pharmaceutical Industrial Wastewater by Electromembrane Extraction Coupled with HPLC-UV Analysis. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2019.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In the present study, an electromembrane extraction (EME) followed by a simple high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of 2-nitrophenol (2-NP) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in pharmaceutical industrial wastewater sample. Main parameters of electromembrane extraction were evaluated and optimized. Methods: 1-octanol was immobilized in the pores of a polypropylene hollow fiber as supported liquid membrane. As a driving force, a 100 volt electrical voltage was applied to transfer the analytes from the sample solution (pH, 7.5) through the supported liquid membrane into an acceptor solution (pH, 12). Results: The best enrichment factors were obtained 36 and 72 for 2-NP and 4-NP, respectively after 15 minutes of extraction. The effect of carbon nanotube, as a solid nano-sorbent on EME efficiency, was also evaluated. The proposed method provided the linearity in the range of 10-1000 ng/mL for 2-NP (R2> 0.9997) and 4-NP (R2> 0.9999) with repeatability range (% RSD) between 2.6-10.3 % (n = 3). The limit of detection was 3 ng/mL and the limit of quantitation was 10 ng/mL. Conclusion: Finally, the method was applied for the determination of 2-NP and 4-NP in industrial wastewater samples with relative recoveries in the range between 67–76 %. EME improved the sensitivity of HPLC-UV for the determination of trace concentrations of these analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Yaripour
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mousavi
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Isa Esfanjani
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Arabzadeh
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Leng G, Hu Q, He WF, Liu Z, Chen WJ, Xu WB, Yang QH, Sun J. A simple field method for the determination of sulfite in natural waters: Based on automated dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1584:72-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Pastor-Belda M, Sánchez-López MJ, Campillo N, Viñas P, Hernández-Córdoba M. Determination of nitrophenols in environmental samples using stir bar sorptive extraction coupled to thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Talanta 2018; 189:543-549. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Li J, Hu S, Wang R, Bai X. Salt-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for enhancing the concentration of matrine alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicine and its preparations. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:3590-3597. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Xuan Chen
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Shuang Hu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Runqin Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Xiaohong Bai
- School of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
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Švarc-Gajić J, Clavijo S, Suárez R, Cvetanović A, Cerdà V. Simultaneous dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction derivatisation and gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of subcritical water extracts of sweet and sour cherry stems. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:1943-1953. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0858-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Wang X, Xu G, Chen P, Sun Y, Yao X, Lv Y, Guo W, Wang G. Fully-automated magnetic stirring-assisted lab-in-syringe dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of arsenic species in rice samples. RSC Adv 2018; 8:16858-16865. [PMID: 35540556 PMCID: PMC9080300 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00875b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Fully-automated magnetic stirring-assisted lab-in-syringe dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (MAS-LIS-DLLME), combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) was developed for the fast and efficient separation and preconcentration of trace levels of inorganic arsenic species in rice samples. This totally automated analytical procedure combines the advantages of lab-in-syringe flow system and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) aiming at separation of trace arsenite and arsenate species from natural matrix for the first time. With a single syringe pump that is coupled with a multiposition valve, the whole lab-in-syringe microextraction process including cleaning, mixing, microextraction, phase separation, and target analyte collection was implemented in a fully-automated way. Significant factors of the MAS-LIS-DLLME method were sample acidity, concentration of the chelating agent, amounts of ionic liquids (ILs), aspiration speed and matrix interference. Using the present method, the limits of detection (LODs) for As(v) was 0.005 μg L−1. The relative standard deviation (RSDs) for seven replicate measurements of 2.0 μg L−1 of As(v) was 3.7%. The linear dynamic range (LDR) was 0.04–5.0 μg L−1 and the determination coefficients was 0.9990. Under the optimum conditions, the developed totally automated analytical procedure was successfully applied for the trace arsenite and arsenate species studies in natural rice samples and standard reference materials with satisfactory results. The schematic of the MAS-LIS-DLLME system. D, detection system; SP, syringe pump; SV, three-way solenoid valve; W, waste; MPV, multiposition valve.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Xu
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yueshu Sun
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Yao
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lv
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Guo
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhen Wang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
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Lu W, Wang X, Wu X, Liu D, Li J, Chen L, Zhang X. Multi-template imprinted polymers for simultaneous selective solid-phase extraction of six phenolic compounds in water samples followed by determination using capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1483:30-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Alexovič M, Horstkotte B, Šrámková I, Solich P, Sabo J. Automation of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and related techniques. Approaches based on flow, batch, flow-batch and in-syringe modes. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Frizzarin RM, Maya F, Estela JM, Cerdà V. Fully-automated in-syringe dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of caffeine in coffee beverages. Food Chem 2016; 212:759-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Ye Q, Liu L, Chen Z, Hong L. Analysis of chlorophenols in environmental water using polydopamine-coated magnetic graphene as an extraction material coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:1684-90. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Higher Institutions of Jiangxi Province; Shangrao Normal University; Shangrao China
| | - Linhai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Higher Institutions of Jiangxi Province; Shangrao Normal University; Shangrao China
| | - Zongbao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Higher Institutions of Jiangxi Province; Shangrao Normal University; Shangrao China
| | - Liming Hong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Higher Institutions of Jiangxi Province; Shangrao Normal University; Shangrao China
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23
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Abstract
A dynamic development of methodologies of analytical flow injection measurements during four decades since their invention has reinforced the solid position of flow analysis in the arsenal of techniques and instrumentation of contemporary chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Trojanowicz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
- 03-195 Warsaw
- Poland
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Kamila Kołacińska
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
- 03-195 Warsaw
- Poland
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24
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Zhang Y, Mei M, Huang X, Yuan D. Extraction of trace nitrophenols in environmental water samples using boronate affinity sorbent. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 899:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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González A, Avivar J, Cerdà V. Estrogens determination in wastewater samples by automatic in-syringe dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction prior silylation and gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1413:1-8. [PMID: 26319623 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new procedure for the extraction, preconcentration and simultaneous determination of the estrogens most used in contraception pharmaceuticals (estrone, 17β-estradiol, estriol, and 17α-ethynylestradiol), cataloged as Contaminants of Emergent Concern by the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States (US-EPA), is proposed. The developed system performs an in-syringe magnetic stirring-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (in-syringe-MSA-DLLME) prior derivatization and gas chromatography (GC-MS). Different extraction (carbon tetrachloride, ethyl acetate, chloroform and trichloroethylene) and disperser solvents (acetone, acetonitrile and methanol) were tested. Chloroform and acetone were chosen as extraction and disperser solvent, respectively, as they provided the best extraction efficiency. Then, a multivariate optimization of the extraction conditions was carried out. Derivatization conditions were also studied to ensure the conversion of the estrogens to their respective trimethylsilyl derivatives. Low LODs and LOQs were achieved, i.e. between 11 and 82ngL(-1), and 37 and 272ngL(-1), respectively. Good values for intra and inter-day precision were obtained (RSDs≤7.06% and RSD≤7.11%, respectively). The method was successfully applied to wastewater samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba González
- Group of Analytical Chemistry, Automation and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jessica Avivar
- Sciware Systems, S.L. Spin-off of the University of the Balearic Islands, E-07193 Bunyola, Spain
| | - Víctor Cerdà
- Group of Analytical Chemistry, Automation and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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