1
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Wan K, Li M, Huang T, Zhang W, Zhang T, Li X, Wang H, Lv J. Accurate Determination of Trace Water in Organic Solution by Quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15673-15680. [PMID: 37843007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
A new method accompanied by a derived equation for accurate determination of trace water was developed by using quantitative 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy. Given that the response for each chemically distinct moiety is uniformly proportional to the number of the corresponding resonant nuclei within the analyte, it is practicable to directly quantify the water content via its proton number using qNMR. In this study, three water standards with known water contents (e.g., 10.02, 1.006, and 0.103 mg/g), which were accurately determined by a well-established Coulometric Karl Fischer (CKF) titration method, were measured by using the developed qNMR method. An excellent agreement between the results from these two methods was obtained. Then, the water content of Sudan I was determined by high-field NMR (HF-NMR) spectroscopy, and the water contents of acetone and bioethanol were measured by low-field NMR (LF-NMR) spectroscopy. These results were compared with the water content measured by the CKF method to confirm the applicability of the established qNMR method. The developed method can eliminate the influences of environmental humidity and background water in the solvent; subsequently, the results calculated by the derived equation were comparable to the nominal values. Under the optimal conditions, the limit of quantitation of this method was as low as 6.7 μg. The recommended sample sizes for practical samples with various water contents (e.g., 10.02, 1.006, and 0.103 mg/g) were determined to be 5, 50, and 60 mg, respectively, which are much smaller than those required for the CKF method. The new method has a static and stable process without any side reactions, and the traceability to the SI unit can be directly achieved through the NMR internal standard. This method overcomes the limitations of the CKF method, especially for measuring methanol-insoluble substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangni Wan
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- Guobiao (Beijing) Testing & Certification Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Huang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianji Zhang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuqin Li
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Centre of Environment Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Lv
- Bruker (Beijing) Scientific Technology, Beijing 100192, People's Republic of China
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2
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He C, Gao Q, Ye C, Yang G, Zhang P, Yang R, Zhang Q, Ma K. Development of a Purity Certified Reference Material for Vinyl Acetate. Molecules 2023; 28:6245. [PMID: 37687073 PMCID: PMC10488496 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Vinyl acetate is a restricted substance in food products. The quantification of the organic impurities in vinyl acetate is a major problem due to its activity, instability, and volatility. In this paper, while using the mass balance method to determine the purity of vinyl acetate, an improved method was established for the determination of the content of three impurities in vinyl acetate reference material, and the GC-FID peak area normalization for vinyl acetate was calibrated. The three trace organic impurities were identified by gas chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry to be methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and vinyl propionate. The content and relative correction factors for the three organic impurities were measured. The purity of vinyl acetate determined by the mass balance method was 99.90% with an expanded uncertainty of 0.30%, and the total content of organic impurities was 0.08% with a relative correction factor of 1.23%. The vinyl acetate reference material has been approved as a national certified reference material in China as GBW (E) 062710.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen He
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.H.); (Q.G.); (C.Y.); (G.Y.); (P.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Qin Gao
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.H.); (Q.G.); (C.Y.); (G.Y.); (P.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Changwen Ye
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.H.); (Q.G.); (C.Y.); (G.Y.); (P.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Guotao Yang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.H.); (Q.G.); (C.Y.); (G.Y.); (P.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.H.); (Q.G.); (C.Y.); (G.Y.); (P.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Rongchao Yang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.H.); (Q.G.); (C.Y.); (G.Y.); (P.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Qing Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.H.); (Q.G.); (C.Y.); (G.Y.); (P.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Kang Ma
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100013, China
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3
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Liu S, Lu B, Peng Z, Liu C, Liu Y, Jiao H, Wu D, Li P, Zhao X, Song S. HPLC-CAD as a supplementary method for the quantification of related structure impurities for the purity assessment of organic CRMs. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04719-2. [PMID: 37154936 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04719-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In organic purity assessment, chromatography separation with a suitable detector is required. Diode array detection (DAD) has been a widely used technique for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses, but its application is limited to compounds with sufficient UV chromophores. Charged aerosol detector (CAD), as a mass-dependent detector, is advantageous for providing a nearly uniform response for analytes, regardless of their structures. In this study, 11 non-volatile compounds with/without UV chromophores were analyzed by CAD using continuous direct injection mode. The RSDs of CAD responses were within 17%. For saccharides and bisphenols, especially, the RSDs were lower (2.12% and 8.14%, respectively). Since bisphenols exist in UV chromophores, their HPLC-DAD responses were studied and compared with CAD responses, with CAD showing a more uniform response. Besides, the key parameters of HPLC-CAD were optimized and the developed method was verified using a Certified Reference Material (CRM, dulcitol, GBW06144). The area normalization result of dulcitol measured by HPLC-CAD was 99.89% ± 0.02% (n = 6), consistent with the certified value of 99.8% ± 0.2% (k = 2). The result of this work indicated that the HPLC-CAD method could be a good complementary tool to traditional techniques for the purity assessment of organic compounds, especially for compounds lacking UV chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Liu
- National Institute of Metrology, China, Beijing, 100029, China
- Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Boling Lu
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Centre, Nanning, 530028, China
| | - Zijuan Peng
- National Institute of Metrology, China, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- National Institute of Metrology, China, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hui Jiao
- National Institute of Metrology, China, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Tianjin Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center, Tianjin, 300191, China.
| | - Penghui Li
- Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xingchen Zhao
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, 60438, Germany
| | - Shanjun Song
- National Institute of Metrology, China, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China.
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4
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Huang T, Zhang W, Wang J, Wan K, Sun X, Wu B, Shi N, Su P, Yang Y. Coulometric method with titratable impurity analysis and mass balance method: convert acidimetric purity to chemical purity for SI-traceable highest standard of qNMR (potassium hydrogen phthalate), and verified by qNMR. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1445-1454. [PMID: 36698046 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the coulometric method with titratable impurity analysis and the mass balance method were successfully applied in the quantification of the certified reference material of potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) with accurate metrological traceability of chemical purity value (99.983% with an expanded uncertainty of 0.024%, k = 2). In contrast to the general coulometric titration method, the coulometric method with titratable impurity analysis enables the conversion of acidimetric purity to chemical purity: The acidimetric purity was determined by coulometric titration method, and then the impurities that may be titrated as principal components were found as far as possible using various methods and the result of deducting these impurities from the acidimetric purity can be considered as chemical purity. The mass balance method also accounted for all possible types of impurities as much as possible to improve the accuracy of the determined result. The accuracy and reliability of the purity results were subsequently verified by a two-step quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) method. This KHP certified reference material was the first hydrophilic internal standard of qNMR (applied in polar solvents) with an expanded uncertainty lower than 0.03%, which will become a major reference standard in the organic chemistry traceable calibration chain, especially when evaluating hydrophilic organic compounds to obtain purity values with very low uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingyu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangni Wan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Sun
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wu
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Naijie Shi
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Su
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
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5
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Westwood S, Lippa K, Shimuzu Y, Lalerle B, Saito T, Duewer D, Dai X, Davies S, Ricci M, Baldan A, Lang B, Sarge S, Wang H, Pratt K, Josephs R, Mariassy M, Pfeifer D, Warren J, Bremser W, Ellison S, Toman B, Nelson M, Huang T, Fajgelj A, Gören A, Mackay L, Wielgosz R. Methods for the SI-traceable value assignment of the purity of organic compounds (IUPAC Technical Report). PURE APPL CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2020-0804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The “purity” of an organic compound typically refers, in practice, to an assignment of the mass fraction content of the primary organic component present in the material. The “purity” value of an organic primary calibrator material is the ultimate source of metrological traceability of any quantitative measurement of the content of that compound in a given matrix. The primary calibrator may consist of a Certified Reference Material (CRM) whose purity has been assigned by the CRM producer or a laboratory may choose to value-assign a material to the extent necessary for their intended application by using appropriately valid methods. This report provides an overview of the approach, performance and applicability of the principal methods used to determine organic purity including mass balance, quantitative NMR, thermal methods and direct-assay techniques. A statistical section reviews best practice for combination of data, value assignment as the upper limit values corresponding to 100 % purity are approached and how to report and propagate the standard uncertainty associated with the assigned values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Westwood
- Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) , Sèvres , France
| | - Katrice Lippa
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | | | - Beatrice Lalerle
- Laboratoire Nationale de Métrologie et d’Essais (LNE) , Paris , France
| | - Takeshi Saito
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - David Duewer
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | - Xinhua Dai
- National Institute of Metrology (China) (NIM) , Beijing , China
| | - Stephen Davies
- National Measurement Institute Australia (NMIA) , North Ryde , NSW , Australia
| | | | - Annarita Baldan
- Nederlands Metrologisch Instituut (VSL) , Delft , The Netherlands
| | - Brian Lang
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | - Stefan Sarge
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) , Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Haifeng Wang
- National Institute of Metrology (China) (NIM) , Beijing , China
| | - Ken Pratt
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | - Ralf Josephs
- Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) , Sèvres , France
| | | | - Dietmar Pfeifer
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung (BAM) , Berlin , Germany
| | | | - Wolfram Bremser
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung (BAM) , Berlin , Germany
| | | | - Blaza Toman
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | - Michael Nelson
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , Gaithersburg , MD , USA
| | - Ting Huang
- National Institute of Metrology (China) (NIM) , Beijing , China
| | - Ales Fajgelj
- International Atomic Energy Agency , Vienna , Austria
| | - Ahmet Gören
- Kimya Bölümü, Gebze Teknik Üniversitesi , Gebze , Turkey
| | - Lindsey Mackay
- National Measurement Institute Australia (NMIA) , North Ryde , NSW , Australia
| | - Robert Wielgosz
- Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) , Sèvres , France
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6
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Wang J, Zhang W, Huang T, Su P, Yang Y. Quantification of a volatile deuterated compound by the differential scanning calorimetry combined with quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance and its verification by the mass balance method combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Talanta 2022; 246:123538. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Yang M, Wang M, Zhou J, Wang T, Liu F, Li P, Li S, Zhang L, Liu Q. Establishment of metrological traceability for fluoroquinolones measurement in monitoring plan of quality and safety for agro-product in China. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Trukhanova Y, Alekseeva GM, Yakovlev IP, Spiridonova DV. Attestation of the primary standard sample of a new analgesic agent 1-phenyl(phenylimino)methyl) pyrrolidine-2,5-dione, development and validation of a method for quantitative determination of the substance by HPLC. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Wan K, Li M, Huang T, Sun X, Li H, Zhang T, Tao H, Song S, Zhang W, Tang G. SI-traceable purity assignment of volatile material ethylbenzene by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2461-2469. [PMID: 35088130 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) method was developed to assign the SI-traceable purity of ethylbenzene, a volatile material, which is a colorless flammable liquid hydrocarbon at room temperature. An ethanol certified reference material having a similar boiling point was used as an internal standard to avoid measurement error arising from the volatilization of ethylbenzene. The reference value of the ethylbenzene study material was obtained by the mass balance method by subtracting all the impurities including water, inorganic impurities, and structurally related impurities (e.g. acetophenone, benzene, isobutylbenzene, sec-butylbenzene, methylcyclohexane), which is regarded as the traditional approach for purity assignment for organic compounds. The results of qNMR showed that the purity of the ethylbenzene study material was 998.6 ± 3.8 mg/g at a 95% confidence interval, which was consistent with the reference value of 998.9 ± 1.3 mg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangni Wan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Huang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Sun
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianji Zhang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Tao
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanjun Song
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangshi Tang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Yun S, Yoon J, Kim B, Ahn S, Choi K. Purity Assessment of Fumonisin B
1
by Quantitative
1
H NMR Spectroscopy. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Yun
- Department of ChemistryChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 South Korea
| | - Jeongbin Yoon
- Department of ChemistryChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 South Korea
| | - Byungjoo Kim
- Division of Chemical and Medical MetrologyKorea Research Institute of Standards and Science Daejeon 34113 South Korea
| | - Sangdoo Ahn
- Department of ChemistryChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 South Korea
| | - Kihwan Choi
- Division of Chemical and Medical MetrologyKorea Research Institute of Standards and Science Daejeon 34113 South Korea
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11
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Tkachev AV. Problems of the Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Plant Volatiles. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162018070142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Lippa KA, Duewer DL, Nelson MA, Davies SR, Mackay LG. The role of the CCQM OAWG in providing SI traceable calibrators for organic chemical measurements. ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE : JOURNAL FOR QUALITY, COMPARABILITY AND RELIABILITY IN CHEMICAL MEASUREMENT 2019; 24:10.1007/s00769-019-01407-6. [PMID: 38487299 PMCID: PMC10938631 DOI: 10.1007/s00769-019-01407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Metrological traceability for organic chemical measurements is a documented unbroken chain of calibrations with stated uncertainties that ideally link the measurement result for a sample to a primary calibrator in appropriate SI units (e.g., mass fraction). A comprehensive chemical purity determination of the organic calibrator is required to ensure a true assessment of this result. We explore the evolution of chemical purity capabilities across metrology institute members of the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance: Metrology in Chemistry and Biology's Organic Analysis Working Group (OAWG). The OAWG work program has promoted the development of robust measurement capabilities, using indirect "mass balance" determinations via rigorous assessment of impurities and direct determination using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy methods. A combination of mass balance and qNMR has been shown to provide a best practice approach. Awareness of the importance of the traceability of organic calibrators continues to grow across stakeholder groups, particularly in key areas such as clinical chemistry where activities related to the Joint Committee for Traceability in Laboratory Medicine have raised the profile of traceable calibrators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrice A. Lippa
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8392, USA
| | - David L. Duewer
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8392, USA
| | - Michael A. Nelson
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8392, USA
| | - Stephen R. Davies
- National Measurement Institute, Australia, 105 Delhi Road, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
| | - Lindsey G. Mackay
- National Measurement Institute, Australia, 105 Delhi Road, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
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13
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Davies SR, Chan BKH, Moawad M, Garrett TR, Brooker L, Chakrabarty R. Production of certified reference materials for the sports doping control of the REV-ERB agonist SR9009. Drug Test Anal 2018; 11:257-266. [PMID: 30129998 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Two human metabolites of the REV-ERB agonist SR9009, identified by researchers with an interest in sports doping control, have been synthesized and assessed for purity. The synthesis employed was a modification of published procedures for the parent SR9009, careful attention to the purification of intermediates and the final product ensuring materials of the highest purity were available for certification. For each candidate material impurities of related structure were identified and quantified as a relative mass fraction using high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) spectroscopy. The quantification of water, occluded solvent, and inorganic residue was assessed using Karl Fischer, 1 H NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis, thereby completing the assessment of all impurities typically characterized by the mass balance approach. Summation and subtraction from 1000 mg/g afforded the mass fraction of the main component, the associated uncertainty ensuring certified reference material status can be applied to the resulting pure substance calibration standards. The availability of these standards to the sports doping control community will facilitate delivery of metrological traceability to the SI unit for mass (kg) to routine testing results and aid method development for the detection and quantification of SR9009 abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Davies
- Chemical Reference Materials, National Measurement Institute, Riverside Corporate Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Benjamin K H Chan
- Chemical Reference Materials, National Measurement Institute, Riverside Corporate Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Michael Moawad
- Chemical Reference Materials, National Measurement Institute, Riverside Corporate Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Taylor R Garrett
- Chemical Reference Materials, National Measurement Institute, Riverside Corporate Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Lance Brooker
- Australian Sports Drug Testing Laboratory, National Measurement Institute, Riverside Corporate Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Rima Chakrabarty
- Australian Sports Drug Testing Laboratory, National Measurement Institute, Riverside Corporate Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
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14
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Epshtein NA. Certification of Reference Standards in Pharmacy: Mass Balance Method. Pharm Chem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-018-1718-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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