1
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Peng B, Dai L, Iacovelli R, Driessen AJM, Haslinger K. Heterologous Naringenin Production in the Filamentous Fungus Penicillium rubens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20782-20792. [PMID: 38103029 PMCID: PMC10755750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Naringenin is a natural product with several reported bioactivities and is the key intermediate for the entire class of plant flavonoids. The translation of flavonoids into modern medicine as pure compounds is often hampered by their low abundance in nature and their difficult chemical synthesis. Here, we investigated the possibility to use the filamentous fungus Penicillium rubens as a host for flavonoid production. P. rubens is a well-characterized, highly engineered, traditional "workhorse" for the production of β-lactam antibiotics. We integrated two plant genes encoding enzymes in the naringenin biosynthesis pathway into the genome of the secondary metabolite-deficient P. rubens 4xKO strain. After optimization of the fermentation conditions, we obtained an excellent molar yield of naringenin from fed p-coumaric acid (88%) with a titer of 0.88 mM. Along with product accumulation over 36 h, however, we also observed rapid degradation of naringenin. Based on high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis, we propose a naringenin degradation pathway in P. rubens 4xKO, which is distinct from other flavonoid-converting pathways reported in fungi. Our work demonstrates that P. rubens is a promising host for recombinant flavonoid production, and it represents an interesting starting point for further investigation into the utilization of plant biomass by filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Chemical
and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research
Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lin Dai
- Molecular
Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences
and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Iacovelli
- Chemical
and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research
Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arnold J. M. Driessen
- Molecular
Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences
and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Haslinger
- Chemical
and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research
Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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2
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Liu C, Chen H, Zhang Y, Li M, Jiang Q, Wang Z, Yu L, Wang Q, Pan H, Zhuo Y. Combination of chemical profiling and network pharmacology analysis to investigate the potential mechanism of Li-Zhong-Xiao-Pi granules in the treatment of gastric precancerous lesions. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5589. [PMID: 36689998 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Li-Zhong-Xiao-Pi granules (LZXP) are effective for treating gastric precancerous lesions (GPL) in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the active compounds of LZXP and their potential therapeutic mechanism in GPL remained unclarified. The purpose of this study is to investigate the chemical composition and potential targets of LZXP. Based on the accurate masses, ion fragments, and literature data, a total of 128 compounds were identified in the LZXP sample using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) in both positive and negative ion modes, and 28 of these compounds were exactly determined by comparison with authentic reference standards. Meanwhile, 11 typical components were quantified via UPLC during a 24 min period. The linearity, accuracy, stability and recovery of the method were all proven. Through the network pharmacological analysis, six chemicals (quercetin, 4'-hydroxywogonin, sinensetin, 5, 7, 8, 3', 4'-pentamethoxyflavanone, 8-gingerdione and quercetin) were identified as the active ingredients, and five LZXP targets (AKT1, CYP1B1, PTGS2, MMP9 and EGFR) were found to be the crucial molecules in the treatment of GPL. This study provides a systematic and applicable method for the rapid screening and identification of the chemical constituents from LZXP, and an effective understanding the mechanism of LZXP in the treatment of GPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiling Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yida Zhang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyao Jiang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhendong Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangwen Yu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huafeng Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhuo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Ding M, Jiang Y, Gao W, Li M, Chen L, Yang H, Li P. Characterization and quantification of chemical constituents in Angong Niuhuang Pill using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 228:115309. [PMID: 36841067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Material basis researches and quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations (TCMPs) face great challenges due to the complex composition and abundant unexpected interference. Angong Niuhuang Pill (ANP), one of the most famous TCMPs in China, containing 11 crude drugs has been commonly used for the treatment of febrile diseases. However, previous literatures of comprehensive chemical constituents in ANP were still limited. Herein, Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-ion mobility-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-IM-QTOF MS) method was established to effectively recognize the chemicals in Angong Niuhuang Pill (ANP). A total of 205 compounds, containing 72 confirmed with reference standards, were characterized from ANP with the application of a systematic strategy integrated polygonal mass defect filtering (MDF) and diagnostic fragment ion filtering (DFIF)/neutral loss filtering (NLF). Additionally, 68 major constituents in 8 batches of ANP samples were simultaneously determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ MS/MS) within 40 min. The quantitative method was validated regarding linearity, precision, repeatability, stability, and accuracy. These findings proved the established liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was efficient and dependable for qualitative and quantitative chemical profiling of ANP. Besides, this research could provide the material basis for further pharmacological researches and quality control of ANP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mengning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
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4
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Zhou X, Chen X, Fan L, Dong H, Ren Y, Chen X. Stepwise Diagnostic Product Ions Filtering Strategy for Rapid Discovery of Diterpenoids in Scutellaria barbata Based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238185. [PMID: 36500290 PMCID: PMC9736491 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diterpenoids are considered the major bioactive components in Scutellaria barbata to treat cancer and inflammation, but few comprehensive profiling studies of diterpenoids have been reported. Herein, a stepwise diagnostic product ions (DPIs) filtering strategy for efficient and targeted profiling of diterpenoids in Scutellaria barbata was developed using UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS. After UHPLC-HRMS/MS analysis of six diterpenoid reference standards, fragmentation behaviors of these references were studied to provide DPIs. Then, stepwise DPIs filtering aimed to reduce the potential interferences of matrix ions and achieve more chromatographic peaks was conducted to rapidly screen the diterpenoids. The results demonstrated that stepwise DPIs were capable of simplifying the workload in data post-processing and the effective acquisition of low abundance compounds. Subsequently, DPIs and MS/MS fragment patterns were adopted to identify the targeted diterpenoids. As a result, 381 diterpenoids were unambiguously or tentatively identified, while 141 of them with completely new molecular weights were potential new diterpenoids for Scutellaria barbata. These results demonstrate that the developed stepwise DPIs filtering method could be employed as an efficient, reliable, and valuable strategy to screen and identify the diterpenoid profile in Scutellaria barbata. This might accelerate and simplify target constituent profiling from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extracts.
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5
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Cheng L, Wang F, Cao Y, Cai G, Wei Q, Shi S, Guo Y. Screening of potent α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant polyphenols in Prunella vulgaris L. by bioreaction-HPLC-quadrupole-time-of-flight-MS/MS and in silico analysis. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3393-3403. [PMID: 35819998 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris L. is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine for blood glucose homeostasis and antioxidant potential. Ethyl acetate fraction of P. vulgaris L. demonstrated higher phenolic content (85.53 ± 6.74 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram dry weight), α-glucosidase inhibitory (IC50 , 69.13 ± 2.86 μg/mL), and antioxidant (IC50 , 8.68 ± 1.01 μg/mL) activities. However, the bioactive polyphenols responsible for the beneficial properties remain unclear. Here, bioreaction-HPLC-quadrupole-time-of-flight-MS/MS method was developed for rapid, accurate, and efficient screening and identification of polyphenols with α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities from P. vulgaris L. Bioactive polyphenols can specifically bind with α-glucosidase or react with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical, which was easily discriminated from nonactive compounds. Subsequently, twenty bioactive polyphenols (sixteen phenyl propionic acid derivatives and four flavonoids) were screened and identified. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis revealed that screened twenty polyphenols bind with the active sites of α-glucosidase through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking. Density functional theory calculations demonstrated their electron transport ability and chemical reactivity. The in silico analysis confirmed the screened results. In summary, this study provided a valuable strategy for rapid discovering bioactive compounds from complex natural products, and offered scientific evidence for further development and application of P. vulgaris L. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine under Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine under Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China
| | - Yuanxin Cao
- Natural Product Research Laboratory, Guangxi Baise High-tech Development Zone, Baise, 533612, P. R. China
| | - Guihan Cai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Qisheng Wei
- Natural Product Research Laboratory, Guangxi Baise High-tech Development Zone, Baise, 533612, P. R. China
| | - Shuyun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine under Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China.,Natural Product Research Laboratory, Guangxi Baise High-tech Development Zone, Baise, 533612, P. R. China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
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6
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Qin Y, Jin J, Zhou RR, Fang LZ, Liu H, Zhong C, Xie Y, Liu PA, Qin YH, Zhang SH. Integrative analysis of metabolome and transcriptome provide new insights into the bitter components of Lilium lancifolium and Lilium brownii. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 215:114778. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Zhou X, Chen X, Yin X, Wang M, Zhao J, Ren Y. A strategy integrating parent ions list-modified mass defect filtering-diagnostic product ions for rapid screening and systematic characterization of flavonoids in Scutellaria barbata using hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1674:463149. [PMID: 35597199 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, full scan (FS)-parent ions list (PIL)-higher energy collision induced dissociation (HCD)-MS/MS (FS-PIL-HCD-MS/MS) was used to acquire the chemical profile of flavonoids in Scutellaria barbata. Mass defect filtering (MDF) induced subtype classification and diagnostic product ions (DPIs) dominated structural confirmation were integrated into an effective strategy for the systematic screening and identification of the flavonoids. An in-house flavonoid MS database based on molecular design was established to construct a modified triangle MDF algorithm for progressive screening and subtype classification. The obtained results demonstrated that the modified MDF was capable of simplifying the workload in formula editing and subsequent screening process, and distinguishing different subtypes. The fragmentation behaviors of eleven reference standards were evaluated to obtain the MS2 fragmentation pathway and DPIs which can provide a criterion to eliminate false-positive results and judge the target flavonoids with the exact number and position of substituents for the first time. Structure confirmation was characterized by comparing with the reference substance, searching the database, and analyzing DPIs. To distinguish some isomers, ClogP (the calculated lipophilicity parameter) was adopted. As a result, 127 target flavonoids, including 30 flavone/flavonol aglycones, 10 flavanone/flavanonol aglycones, 49 flavone/flavonol monoglycosides, 16 flavanone/flavanonol monoglycosides, 21 flavone/flavonol diglycosides and 1 flavanone/flavanonol diglycoside, were ultimately identified or tentatively characterized based on the MS fragmentation pathway and DPIs analysis. This study provides a novel MDF method with improved subtype classification and develops a novel strategy for the progressive screening, subtype classification and systematic characterization of complex components in herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yan Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
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8
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An K, Jialu J, Qin L, Xianjie S, Yan C, Jiani T, Liu L, Weixing S, DongXin T, Haibo C, Dongdong S. Characterization of the chemical constituents and in vivo metabolic profile of Scutellaria barbata D. Don by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:1600-1609. [PMID: 35192736 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Scutellaria barbata D. Don (S. barbata) is one of the most frequently used anticancer herb medicine in China. Mechanistic understanding of the biological activities of S. barbata is hindered by limited knowledge regarding its components and metabolic profile. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry,) was used to identify the chemical constituents in S. barbata and their metabolic profiles in rats. By applying cleavage rules and comparison with reference substances, 89 components were identified, which included 45 flavonoids, 28 diterpenoids, 10 phenolics, and 6 others. A total of 110 compounds, including 32 prototype compounds and 78 metabolites, were identified or tentatively characterized in vivo. Methylation, sulfonation, and glucuronidation were the main metabolic pathways, which could be attributed to the fact that several of the compounds in S. barbata have phenolic hydroxyl groups. This is the first systematic study on the chemical constituents and in vivo metabolic profile of S. barbata. The analytical method features a quick and comprehensive dissection of the chemical composition and metabolic profile of S. barbata and provides a basis for exploring its various biological activates. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang An
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiang Jialu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li Qin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sheng Xianjie
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chen Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tan Jiani
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shen Weixing
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tang DongXin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Cheng Haibo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Research Center for Pathogenesis Theory of Cancerous Toxin and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sun Dongdong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Research Center for Pathogenesis Theory of Cancerous Toxin and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
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9
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Non-targeted analysis of vulgarisins by using collisional dissociation mass spectrometry for the discovery of analogues from Prunella vulgaris. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:6513-6521. [PMID: 34476524 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03615-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Vulgarisins are members of diterpenoids with rare 5/6/4/5 ring skeleton from Prunella vulgaris Linn. (P. vulgaris). Their molecular scaffolds comprise different hydroxylation and degree of esterification. Vulgarisins have attracted many attentions in the fields of food and medicine for their potent bioactivities. Firstly, four reference compounds were analyzed by higher-energy collisional dissociation mass spectrometry (HCD MS/MS) and the fragmentation patterns for molecular scaffold were summarized. And then, a high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-HR-MS) method was adopted to investigate the P. vulgaris extracts. Finally, the proposed analysis results were successfully applied to facilitate the discovery of the vulgarisins analogues from P. vulgaris. For the four reference compounds, the sodium adduct was the predominate ion in full scan. A specific fragmentation pathway of [M+Na]+ ions leads to produce diagnostic ions of vulgarisins at m/z 325 under HCD, which was formed through consecutive-side chains lost. Twenty-three diterpenoids, including 18 vulgarisins analogues, were identified or tentatively characterized in the botanical extracts of P. vulgaris based on their elemental constituents and characteristic fragment ion profiles. Two new vulgarisins analogues in the plant were isolated and their structures were illustrated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis using 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The HCD MS/MS method, including the profiles of the diagnostic ions induced by characteristic fragmentation, is an effective technique for the discovery of vulgarisins analogues in P. vulgaris. The expected fragmentation pattern knowledge will also facilitate the analysis of other natural products.
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10
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Yang YL, Adel Al-Mahdy D, Wu ML, Zheng XT, Piao XH, Chen AL, Wang SM, Yang Q, Ge YW. LC-MS-based identification and antioxidant evaluation of small molecules from the cinnamon oil extraction waste. Food Chem 2021; 366:130576. [PMID: 34348222 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamon oil is obtained by steam distillation from cinnamon leaves and is usually considered highly cost-effective compared to bark oil, however, which results in tons of waste cinnamon leaves (WCL) discarded annually. By using MS/MS molecular networking (MN) assisted profiling, six main chemical diversities including flavonols and flavones, phenolic acids, lactones, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids and flavanols were rapid revealed from WCL aqueous extract. 101 compounds were tentatively identified by assigning their MS/MS fragments within typical pathways under ESI-MS/MS dissociation. The featured phenolic acids, terpenoids and their glycosides in cinnamon species were recognized as the main constituents of WCL. The hydrophilic lactones, lignans and flavanols were reported for the first time in cinnamon leaves. Furthermore, ABTS and FRAP assays integrated with MN analysis were conducted to uncover an antioxidant fraction, from which 40 potential antioxidant compounds were rapidly annotated. This fundamental information will help expand the utilization of WCL from cinnamon oil industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dalia Adel Al-Mahdy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El-Ainy, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Miao-Li Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Tao Zheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiu-Hong Piao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - A-Li Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Quan Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yue-Wei Ge
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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11
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Hairy Roots of Scutellaria spp. ( Lamiaceae) as Promising Producers of Antiviral Flavones. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133927. [PMID: 34199058 PMCID: PMC8271535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We measured and studied the growth parameters and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the flavones of hairy roots of the Scutellaria genus: S. lateriflora, S. przewalskii and S. pycnoclada. Hairy roots were obtained using wild-type Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4 by co-cultivation of explants (cotyledons) in a suspension of Agrobacterium. The presence of the rol-genes was confirmed by PCR analysis. The hairy roots of the most studied plant from the Scutellaria genus, S. baicalensis, were obtained earlier and used as a reference sample. HPLC-MS showed the predominance of four main flavones (baicalin, baicalein, wogonin and wogonoside) in the methanol extracts of the studied hairy roots. In addition to the four main flavones, the other substances which are typical to the aerial part of plants were found in all the extracts: apigenin, apigetrin, scutellarin and chrysin-7-O-β-d-glucuronide. According to the total content of flavones, the hairy roots of the studied skullcaps form the following series: S. przewalskii (33 mg/g dry weight) > S. baicalensis (17.04 mg/g dry weight) > S. pycnoclada (12.9 mg/g dry weight) > S. lateriflora (4.57 mg/g dry weight). Therefore, the most promising producer of anti-coronavirus flavones is S. przewalskii.
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Hu LX, Luo MF, Guo WJ, He X, Zhou J, Qiu XY, Gong JP, Li MC, Chen XT, Wu D, Huang WP. Quality Assessment and Antioxidant Activities of the Blossoms of Inula Nervosa Wall. J AOAC Int 2021; 104:818-826. [PMID: 33450009 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsaa143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, although Inula nervosa Wall is substantially investigated, little is understood about blossoms of Inula nervosa Wall (BINW). OBJECTIVE In this work, we systematically investigated the antioxidant activity of the extract from BINW by various standard assays including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical ability, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) di-ammonium salt radical cation (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP). METHODS Chemical compounds were tentatively identified through an UHPLC-QTOF-MS system. Furthermore, the contents of nine compounds were detected with UHPLC method coupled with photodiode array (PDA) detector. By carefully analyzing the quantitative data via clusters analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). RESULTS Forty-six compounds were tentatively identified, and our results showed that nine compound samples in 21 batches of BINW collected from different areas could be differentiated and analyzed by a heatmap visualization. In addition, the contents of nine compounds (flavonoids, phenolic acids) exhibited a total of higher amounts and better antioxidant activities from Yunnan than those from the other three origins. CONCLUSIONS Our study not only developed a powerful platform to explain the difference between traditional Chinese medicines species that are closely related through the chemometric and chemical profiling, but also presented a useful method to establish quality criteria of BINW with multiple origins. HIGHLIGHTS To characterize the BINW in detail, we not only performed DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assays to investigate its antioxidant activity, but also established UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS- and UHPLC-PDA-based methods to comprehensively identify and qualitatively analyze its components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xia Hu
- Jiangxi Chest Hospital, 346 Dieshan Road, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Mei-Feng Luo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xianshang North Road, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen-Jing Guo
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004 Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao He
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004 Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Jiangxi Chest Hospital, 346 Dieshan Road, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Qiu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004 Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian-Ping Gong
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004 Jiangxi, China
| | - Meng-Chu Li
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center (NPEC) for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin-Tao Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xianshang North Road, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Dong Wu
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center (NPEC) for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen-Ping Huang
- The National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center (NPEC) for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
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Pua A, Goh RMV, Ee KH, Huang Y, Liu SQ, Lassabliere B, Yu B. Improving Resolution of Isomeric Flavonoids and Their Glycosides Using Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography Coupled With High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Chromatographia 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Piovesana S, Cavaliere C, Cerrato A, Montone CM, Laganà A, Capriotti AL. Developments and pitfalls in the characterization of phenolic compounds in food: From targeted analysis to metabolomics-based approaches. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Rapid and comprehensive profiling of α-glucosidase inhibitors in Buddleja Flos by ultrafiltration HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS with diagnostic ions filtering strategy. Food Chem 2020; 344:128651. [PMID: 33243557 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Buddleja Flos is used as yellow rice colorant and a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. But its biochemical profiling is still lack due to complex matrix. Here, ultrafiltration high-performance liquid chromatograph-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) with diagnostic ions filtering strategy was proposed for rapid and comprehensive investigation of its α-glucosidase inhibitors. As a result, 33 bioactive compounds (13 phenylethanoid glycosides and 20 flavonoids) were successfully screened and identified. In addition, α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of twenty-two references were verified. Six flavonoid aglycones (4, 28, and 30-33) showed excellent α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC50, from 5.11 ± 0.85 to 32.49 ± 9.76 μg/mL), much higher than that of acarbose (IC50, 195.49 ± 10.05 μg/mL). Five flavonoid-monoglycosides (7, 12, 13, 20, and 22) presented moderate inhibitory activities with IC50 from 160.98 ± 23.19 to 249.37 ± 35.83 μg/mL. Results showcased the high efficiency of proposed strategy in profiling of bioactive compounds from natural products.
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