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Iqbal Z, Fauzia Farheen Zofair S, Ahmed S, Sharma M, Younus H, Mahmood R. Interaction of plant phenol vanillin with human hemoglobin: A spectroscopic and molecular docking study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 322:124831. [PMID: 39024790 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Vanillin is a phenolic aldehyde widely used as a flavouring agent in the food industry. Vanillin has many health benefits and has gained attention in pharmacological industries also, due to its antioxidant properties and non-toxic nature. The interaction of vanillin with human hemoglobin (hHb), an abundant tetrameric heme protein, was investigated by several spectroscopic techniques and molecular modeling methods. UV-visible spectra showed that the binding of vanillin to hHb induces structural changes due to alterations in the micro-environment of hHb. Vanillin quenches the intrinsic fluorescence of hHb by the dynamic mechanism, which was confirmed by both temperature dependent and time resolved fluorescence studies. Vanillin binds spontaneously to hHb at a single site and the binding is stabilized by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. The circular dichroism spectra showed that the binding of vanillin altered the secondary structure of hHb due to change in its alpha-helical content. Molecular docking identified the amino acids of hHb involved in binding to vanillin and also that the free energy change of the binding reaction is -5.5 kcal/mol. Thus, our results indicate that vanillin binds spontaneously to hHb at a single site and alters its secondary structure. This will help in understanding the potential use of vanillin and related antioxidants as therapeutic agents in various hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarmin Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Syeda Fauzia Farheen Zofair
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Shahbaz Ahmed
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Monika Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Hina Younus
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Riaz Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India.
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Murathan Z, Zahirul Kabir M, Seng J, Mohamad SB, Uslu B. Multi-spectral and docking assessments to explore the combination of an antiviral drug, entecavir with bovine serum albumin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 322:124792. [PMID: 38981287 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Molecular interaction of entecavir (ETV) with the transport protein, albumin from bovine serum (BSA) was explored through multispectral and molecular docking approaches. The BSA fluorescence was appreciably quenched upon ETV binding and the quenching nature was static. The ETV-BSA complexation and the static quenching process were further reiterated using UV-visible absorption spectra. The binding constant (Ka) values of the complex were found as 1.47 × 104-4.0 × 103 M-1, which depicting a modarate binding strength in the ETV-BSA complexation. The experimental outcomes verified that the stable complexation was primarily influenced by hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. Synchronous and 3-D fluorescence spectral results demonstrated that ETV had significant impact on the hydrophobicity and polarity of the molecular environment near Tyr and Trp residues. Competitive site-markers displacement (with warfarin and ketoprofen) results discovered the suitable binding locus of ETV at site I in BSA. The molecular docking assessments also revealed that ETV formed hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with BSA, predominantly binding to site I (sub-domain IIA) of BSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Murathan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Md Zahirul Kabir
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Jane Seng
- Faculty of Science, Bioinformatics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Malaysia; Centre of Research for Computational Sciences and Informatics for Biology, Bioindustry, Environment, Agriculture and Healthcare, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saharuddin B Mohamad
- Faculty of Science, Bioinformatics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Malaysia; Centre of Research for Computational Sciences and Informatics for Biology, Bioindustry, Environment, Agriculture and Healthcare, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bengi Uslu
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560 Ankara, Turkey.
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Huang R, Qin Y, Huang Y, Huang Z, Ye GJ. A convenient smartphone-assisted colorimetric for 6-Mercaptopurine detection using enhanced oxidase-like activity of β-cyclodextrin modified MnO 2 nanosheets. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 318:124493. [PMID: 38796891 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) is widely used in the treatment of many diseases, but exhibits some serious side effects due to its toxicity. Therefore, it is important and imperative to effectively control and monitoring concentration of 6-MP. Herein, we designed a smartphone-assisted colorimetric sensing platform for 6-MP detection, based on an excellent β-cyclodextrin modified MnO2 nanosheets (β-CD@MnO2 NNS) mediated oxidase-like activity. β-CD@MnO2 NNS can directly oxidizes 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into oxidized TMB with color changes, yielding more than 3-fold higher oxidase-like catalytic activity compared with individual MnO2 NNS. After adding 6-MP, β-CD@MnO2 NNS can be reduced to Mn2+ and lose their oxidase-like properties, resulting in a color and absorbance change for sensitive and selectivity detection of 6-MP. Meanwhile, the smartphone-based color recognition application can intuitively and simply measure the concentration of 6-MP. The limits of detection UV-vis instrument and smartphone were 0.35 μM and 0.86 μM, respectively. This method has also been successfully applied to the detection of real samples. Finally, this study provides a new promising platform for detection of 6-MP and is expected to be used in application of pharmaceutical analysis and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Yingfeng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, PR China.
| | - Yanqin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Zengqiong Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
| | - Gao-Jie Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
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Ali MS, Al-Lohedan HA. Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Studies of the Interaction of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs with a Carrier Protein: an Interesting Case of Inner Filter Effect and Intensity Enhancement in Protein Fluorescence. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:1893-1901. [PMID: 37665513 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03422-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of diclofenac and indomethacin with lysozyme was studied using several spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. Difference UV-visible spectra showed that the absorption profile of lysozyme changed when both diclofenac and indomethacin were mixed with the former. The sequential addition of both drugs to the lysozyme solution caused the decrease of the intrinsic fluorescence of the latter, however, when the data were corrected for inner filter effect, an enhancement in the fluorescence of lysozyme was detected. Accordingly, the fluorescence enhancement data were analyzed using Benesi-Hildebrand equation. Both, diclofenac and indomethacin showed good interaction with lysozyme, although, the association constants of indomethacin were nearly two-fold higher as compared to that of diclofenac. The binding was slightly more spontaneous in case of indomethacin and the major forces involved in the binding of both drugs with lysozyme were hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Secondary structural analysis revealed that both drugs partially unfolded lysozyme. Results obtained through molecular docking were also in good agreement with the experimental outcomes. Both, diclofenac and indomethacin, are bounded at the same site inside lysozyme which is located in the big hydrophobic cavity of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Sajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamad A Al-Lohedan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Ngueanngam N, Jityuti B, Patnin S, Boonsri P, Makarasen A, Buranaprapuk A. Multiple spectroscopic and computational studies on binding interaction of 2-phenylamino-4-phenoxyquinoline derivatives with bovine serum albumin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 310:123948. [PMID: 38309006 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Binding characteristics of potent non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors, 4-(2',6'-dimethyl-4'-formylphenoxy)-2-(5″-cyanopyridin-2″ylamino) quinoline (1) and 4-(2',6'-dimethyl-4'-cyanophenoxy)-2-(5″-cyanopyridin-2″ylamino) quinoline (2), to bovine serum albumin (BSA) under simulative physiological conditions were investigated by multiple spectroscopic and computational methods. The experimental results demonstrated that (1) and (2) bound to BSA at site III (subdomain IB), and quenched BSA fluorescence through a static quenching process. The binding interaction of (1) or (2) to BSA forms stable complexes with the binding constants (Kb) at the level of 104 L/mol and the number of binding site was determined to be 1 for both systems, indicating that new synthesized compounds occupied one site in BSA with moderate binding affinities. Based on the analysis of the thermodynamic parameters, it can be indicated that the main binding forces for interaction between BSA and both compounds were hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force. Synchronous fluorescence results revealed that the interaction of two compounds with BSA led to modifications in the microenvironment surrounding tryptophan residue of BSA. Circular dichroism spectra demonstrated alterations in the secondary structure of BSA induced by (1) and (2). Moreover, the experimental data of molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations supported the results obtained from multiple spectroscopic techniques, confirming the binding interactions between both compounds and BSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natchaphon Ngueanngam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Benchawan Jityuti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Suwicha Patnin
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Pornthip Boonsri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Arthit Makarasen
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Apinya Buranaprapuk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
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Asgharzadeh S, Shareghi B, Farhadian S. Structural alterations and inhibition of lysozyme activity upon binding interaction with rotenone: Insights from spectroscopic investigations and molecular dynamics simulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127831. [PMID: 37935297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The pervasive employment of pesticides such as rotenone on a global scale represents a substantial hazard to human health through direct exposure. Therefore, exploring the interactions between such compounds and body macromolecules such as proteins is crucial in comprehending the underlying mechanisms of their detrimental effects. The present study aims to delve into the molecular interaction between rotenone and lysozyme by employing spectroscopic techniques along with Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation in mimicked physiological conditions. The binding interaction resulted in a fluorescence quenching characterized by both dynamic and static mechanisms, with static quenching playing a prominent role in governing this phenomenon. The analysis of thermodynamic parameters indicated that hydrophobic interactions primarily governed the spontaneous bonding process. FT-IR and circular dichroism findings revealed structural alternations of lysozyme upon complexation with rotenone. Also, complexation with rotenone declined the biological activity of lysozyme, thus rotenone could be considered an enzyme inhibitor. Further, the binding interaction substantially decreased the thermal stability of lysozyme. Molecular docking studies showed the binding location and the key residues interacting with rotenone. The findings of the spectroscopic investigations were confirmed and accurately supported by MD simulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Asgharzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, P. O. Box 115, Iran; Central Laboratory, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Behzad Shareghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, P. O. Box 115, Iran; Central Laboratory, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Sadegh Farhadian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, P. O. Box 115, Iran; Central Laboratory, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Jena S, Tulsiyan KD, Sahoo RR, Rout S, Sahu AK, Biswal HS. Critical assessment of selenourea as an efficient small molecule fluorescence quenching probe to monitor protein dynamics. Chem Sci 2023; 14:14200-14210. [PMID: 38098725 PMCID: PMC10718066 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04287a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoselenium compounds have recently been the experimentalists' delight due to their broad applications in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and materials science. Selenium atom replacement of the carbonyl oxygen of the urea moiety dramatically reduces the HOMO-LUMO gap and oxidation potential, which completely changes the physicochemical properties of selenocarbonyl compounds. To our surprise, the photophysics and utility of a simple molecule such as selenourea (SeU) have not been explored in detail, which persuaded us to investigate its role in excited state processes. The steady-state emission, temperature-dependent time-correlated single photon counting, and femtosecond fluorescence upconversion experimental results confirmed that SeU significantly enhances the fluorescence quenching through a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism with an ∼10 ps ultrafast intrinsic PET lifetime component which is mostly absent in thiourea (TU). A wide range of fluorophores, based on their different redox abilities and fluorescence lifetimes covering a broad spectral window (λex: 390-590 nm and λem: 490-690 nm), were chosen to validate the proof of the concept. It was extended to tetramethylrhodamine (TMR)-5-maleimide labeled lysozyme protein, where we observed significant fluorescence quenching in the presence of SeU. The present work emphasizes that the high quenching efficiency with an ultrafast PET process, reduced orbital energy gap, and higher negative free energy change of the electron transfer reaction are the representative characteristics of selenourea or selenoamides to enable them as potential surrogates of thioamides or oxoamides quenching probes to monitor protein conformational changes and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhrakant Jena
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) PO-Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, District-Khurda, PIN-752050 Bhubaneswar India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
| | - Kiran Devi Tulsiyan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) PO-Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, District-Khurda, PIN-752050 Bhubaneswar India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
| | - Rudhi Ranjan Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) PO-Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, District-Khurda, PIN-752050 Bhubaneswar India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
| | - Saiprakash Rout
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) PO-Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, District-Khurda, PIN-752050 Bhubaneswar India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
| | - Akshay Kumar Sahu
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) PO-Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, District-Khurda, PIN-752050 Bhubaneswar India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
| | - Himansu S Biswal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) PO-Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, District-Khurda, PIN-752050 Bhubaneswar India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex Anushakti Nagar Mumbai 400094 India
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Sun L, Wang K, Li W, Pang X, Zhao P, Hua R, Yang X, Zhu M. Enantioselective effects of chiral prothioconazole and its metabolites: Oxidative stress in HepG2 cells and lysozyme activity. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105696. [PMID: 38072551 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Chiral pesticides may exhibit enantioselectivity in terms of bioconcentration, environmental fate, and reproductive toxicity. Here, chiral prothioconazole and its metabolites were selected to thoroughly investigate their enantioselective toxicity and mechanisms at the molecular and cellular levels. Multispectral techniques revealed that the interaction between chiral PTC/PTCD and lysozyme resulted in the formation of a complex, leading to a change in the conformation of lysozyme. Meanwhile, the effect of different conformations of PTC/PTCD on the conformation of lysozyme differed, and its metabolites were able to exert a greater effect on lysozyme compared to prothioconazole. Moreover, the S-configuration of PTCD interacted most strongly with lysozyme. This conclusion was further verified by DFT calculations and molecular docking as well. Furthermore, the oxidative stress indicators within HepG2 cells were also affected by chiral prothioconazole and its metabolites. Specifically, S-PTCD induced more substantial perturbation of the normal oxidative stress processes in HepG2 cells, and the magnitude of the perturbation varied significantly among different configurations (P > 0.05). Overall, chiral prothioconazole and its metabolites exhibit enantioselective effects on lysozyme conformation and oxidative stress processes in HepG2 cells. This work provides a scientific basis for a more comprehensive risk assessment of the environmental behaviors and effects caused by chiral pesticides, as well as for the screening of highly efficient and less biotoxic enantiomeric monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Sun
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Kangquan Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Wenze Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Xiaohui Pang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Anhui Environmental Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., No. 699 Dabieshan Road, High tech Zone, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Rimao Hua
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
| | - Meiqing Zhu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
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Ali MS, Waseem M, Subbarao N, Alahamed AN, Al-Lohedan HA. Probing the interaction of cephalosporin antibiotic "cefoperazone" with lysozyme using spectroscopic and in silico methods: Effect of paracetamol on binding. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126568. [PMID: 37640184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of lysozyme with cefoperazone was studied by means of spectroscopic and computational approaches. The change in the UV-visible spectrum of lysozyme in presence of cefoperazone was an indication of the complex formation between them. Fluorescence spectroscopy suggested that there was a fair interaction between the protein and drug which was taken place via dynamic quenching mechanism and the binding ratio was approximately 1:1. The binding was energetically feasible and principally supported by the hydrophobic forces. CD spectroscopic studies have shown that cefoperazone induced the secondary structure of lysozyme by increasing the α-helical contents of the latter. In silico studies revealed that the large nonpolar cavity was the preferred binding site of cefoperazone within lysozyme and the interaction was taken place mainly through hydrophobic forces with small involvement of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions which is in good agreement with the experimental analyses. Effect of paracetamol was also seen on the binding and it was found that paracetamol had a negative influence on the binding between cefoperazone and lysozyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Sajid Ali
- Surfactant Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohd Waseem
- School of Computational and Integrative Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Naidu Subbarao
- School of Computational and Integrative Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abdullah Nasser Alahamed
- Surfactant Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad A Al-Lohedan
- Surfactant Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Kaur L, Rahman AJ, Singh A, Pathak M, Datta A, Singhal R, Ojha H. Binding studies for the interaction between hazardous organophosphorus compound phosmet and lysozyme: Spectroscopic and In-silico analyses. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Mahmoodi Y, Mehrnejad F, Khanmohammadi S, Shahriari M, Rahimi F, Vakili MR, Lavasanifar A. Molecular insights into the crystalline nanocellulose and human lysozyme interactions: An experimental and theoretical research. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:83-95. [PMID: 35598725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present research, we performed a combination of detailed computational and spectroscopic methods to determine the effect of crystalline nanocellulose (CNC) on the structure and dynamics of human lysozyme (hLyz). Fluorescence spectroscopy revealed static quenching as the major mechanism in forming a stable CNC-hLyz complex, and the binding was energetically favorable. The obtained values of the thermodynamic parameters (∆G, ∆H, and ∆S) proposed that the complex formation between the enzyme and cellulose nanocrystals is driven by electrostatic interactions, which were also confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Additionally, the MD simulation analysis displays that the enzyme's structural elements and tertiary structure were primarily maintained, and only loops regions were affected in the presence of cellulose nanocrystals. At the same time, circular dichroism (CD) outcomes highlighted that higher cellulose nanocrystals concentration caused a reduction in the secondary structure of hLyz. Our observations proved that low cellulose nanocrystals concentrations have no considerable effect on the human lysozyme structure. The current research results provide a valuable opportunity to elucidate the molecular interactions between protein and nanocelluloses, guiding further investigations of CNC-based material for biomedical, pharmaceutical, and food industry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Mahmoodi
- Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, 14395-1561 Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Mehrnejad
- Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, 14395-1561 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Khanmohammadi
- Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, 14395-1561 Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Shahriari
- Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, 14395-1561 Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Rahimi
- Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, 14395-1561 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Vakili
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Afsaneh Lavasanifar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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Liu H, Wang D, Ren Y, Wang L, Weng T, Liu J, Wu Y, Ding Z, Liu M. Multispectroscopic and synergistic antioxidant study on the combined binding of caffeic acid and (-)-epicatechin gallate to lysozyme. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 272:120986. [PMID: 35151167 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The binding of caffeic acid (CA) and/or (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) to lysozyme was investigated by multispectroscopic methods and molecular docking. The effects of the single and combined binding on the structure, activity and stability of lysozyme and the synergistic antioxidant activity of CA and ECG were also studied. Fluorescence quenching spectra, time-resolved fluorescence spectra, and UV-vis absorption difference spectra all ascertained the static quenching mechanism of lysozyme by CA/ECG. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that CA and ECG competitively bound to lysozyme, and CA had a stronger binding affinity, which was consistent with the results of molecular docking. Hydrogen bonding, van der Waals' force and electrostatic interaction were the main driving forces for the binding process. Synchronous fluorescence spectra displayed that the interaction of CA/ECG exposed the tryptophan residues of lysozyme to a more hydrophilic environment. Circular dichroism spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering indicated that the binding of CA and/or ECG to lysozyme resulted in the change of the secondary structure and increased the particle size of lysozyme. The binding of CA and/or ECG to lysozyme inhibited the enzyme activity and enhanced the thermal stability of lysozyme. The combined application of CA and ECG showed antioxidant synergy which was influenced by the encapsulation of lysozyme and cellular uptake. In summary, this work provides theoretical guidance for lysozyme as a carrier for the combined application of CA and ECG.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Danfeng Wang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Yongfang Ren
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Tianxin Weng
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Yushu Wu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Zhuang Ding
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
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13
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Subadini S, Panigrahy RS, Gupta NK, Bera K, Sahoo H. Impact of Chromate and Dichromate on Lysozyme Stability: A Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Investigation. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:876-882. [PMID: 35305059 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study of interaction between Lysozyme (Lyz) with two hexavalent chromate ions; chromate and dichromate; which are prevalently known for their toxicity, was investigated using different spectroscopic techniques along with molecular docking study. Both steady-state and time-resolved studies revealed that the addition of chromate/dichromate is responsible for strong quenching of intrinsic fluorescence in Lyz and the quenching is caused by both static and dynamic quenching mechanism. Different binding and thermodynamic parameters were also calculated at different temperatures from the intrinsic fluorescence of Lyz. The conformational change in Lyz and thermodynamic parameters obtained during the course of interaction with chromate/dichromate were well-supported by the molecular docking results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchismita Subadini
- Biophysical and Protein Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, India
| | | | - Nishesh Kumar Gupta
- Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, University of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea
| | - Krishnendu Bera
- CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, Czech Republic.,National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Harekrushna Sahoo
- Biophysical and Protein Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, India.,Center of Nanomaterials, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, India
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14
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Ovung A, Jamir N, Bhattacharyya J. Lysozyme binding with sulfa group of antibiotics: comparative binding thermodynamics and computational study. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:702-712. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.4211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aben Ovung
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Chumukedima Dimapur India
| | - Nungshioba Jamir
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Chumukedima Dimapur India
| | - Jhimli Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Nagaland, Chumukedima Dimapur India
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15
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Cheng-Ming Y, Ning-Qiu L, Li-Chao R, Zhe W, Lian-Qin C, Jiang-Feng L. Identification and characterization of two highly homologous lysozymes from red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 2:100017. [PMID: 36420494 PMCID: PMC9680052 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2021.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysozyme is an important immune effector in innate immunity against pathogen infection. But the study on the active region of lysozyme is limited. In this study, two highly homologous lysozymes were identified from crayfish (designated as PcLysi4 and PcLysi5). The molecular structures of PcLysi4 and PcLysi5 were predicted by SWISS-MODEL with the structure of lysozyme (PDB accession No. 4PJ2.2.B) as model. The results suggested that the structure of PcLysi4 and PcLysi5 were highly similar, but there were more α-helices at positions (127–139) and longer β-sheet at positions (49–57) in the structure of PcLysi5 than in that of PcLysi4. The antibacterial and antiviral functions of the two lysozymes were investigated. PcLysi4 and PcLysi5 could promote the bacterial clearance ability of crayfish, and increase the survival rate of Vibrio-infected crayfish. Further study showed that PcLysi5 inhibited WSSV replication, and enhanced the survival rate of WSSV-infected crayfish. There was no evidence that PcLysi4 has an influence on WSSV replication. Furthermore, PcLysi5 was detected to interact with envelope protein VP24 of WSSV. Our results would provide a new reference for the study on active region of lysozyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cheng-Ming
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Li Ning-Qiu
- Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Ren Li-Chao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Wang Zhe
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Chai Lian-Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Lan Jiang-Feng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- Corresponding authors at: Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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16
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Rout J, Swain BC, Subadini S, Mishra PP, Sahoo H, Tripathy U. Conformational dynamics of myoglobin in the presence of vitamin B12: A spectroscopic and in silico investigation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:564-573. [PMID: 34653439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Myoglobin is an essential transport protein of heart and muscle tissues that acts as a local oxygen reservoir and a marker in different diseased conditions. On the other hand, Vitamin B12 is a vital nutrient that helps synthesize red blood cells, DNA, and proteins. To understand the ability of vitamin B12 to bind to the excess of myoglobin produced in the body under certain conditions (muscle injuries, severe trauma, etc.), it is essential to dig into the interaction between them. Therefore, the present study reports the binding interaction of vitamin B12 and myoglobin employing different spectroscopic and computational methods. The myoglobin's intrinsic fluorescence is quenched by vitamin B12 via static nature as observed from steady-state as well as time-resolved fluorescence measurements. The microenvironment of myoglobin's tryptophan residue gets affected, but there is no change observed in its α-helical content by vitamin B12 as seen from synchronous fluorescence and circular dichroism measurements. The probable binding of vitamin B12 on myoglobin was elucidated through molecular docking, and the interaction stability was studied by molecular dynamics simulation. The determination of vitamin B12's affinity to myoglobin and its effect on the conformational transitions of myoglobin might afford valuable insight for clinical pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janmejaya Rout
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Bikash Chandra Swain
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Suchismita Subadini
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Padmaja Prasad Mishra
- Chemical Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Harekrushna Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Umakanta Tripathy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India.
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17
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Parveen S, Ali MS, Al-Lohedan HA, Tabassum S. Interaction of Carrier Protein with Potential Metallic Drug Candidate N-Glycoside 'GATPT': Validation by Multi-Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Approaches. Molecules 2021; 26:6641. [PMID: 34771048 PMCID: PMC8587009 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysozyme is often used as a model protein to study interaction with drug molecules and to understand biological processes which help in illuminating the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug. In the present work, in vitro interaction studies of 1-{(2-hydroxyethyl)amino}-2-amino-1,2-dideoxy-d-glucose triphenyl tin (IV) (GATPT) complex with lysozyme were carried out by employing various biophysical methods such as absorption, fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies. The experimental results revealed efficient binding affinity of GATPT with lysozyme with intrinsic binding (Kb) and binding constant (K) values in the order of 105 M-1. The number of binding sites and thermodynamic parameters ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS at four different temperatures were also calculated and the interaction of GATPT with lysozyme was found to be enthalpy and entropy driven. The CD spectra revealed alterations in the population of α-helical content within the secondary structure of lysozyme in presence of GATPT complex. The morphological analysis of the complex with lysozyme and lysozyme-DNA condensates was carried out by employing confocal and SEM studies. Furthermore, the molecular docking studies confirmed the interaction of GATPT within the larger hydrophobic pocket of the lysozyme via several non-covalent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Mohd. Sajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.A.A.-L.)
| | - Hamad A. Al-Lohedan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.A.A.-L.)
| | - Sartaj Tabassum
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
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18
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Rout J, Swain BC, Subadini S, Mishra PP, Sahoo H, Tripathy U. Spectroscopic and computational insight into the conformational dynamics of hemoglobin in the presence of vitamin B12. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:306-315. [PMID: 34419543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Protein-ligand interactions play a significant role in all living organisms, thereby affecting the design and application of drugs and other biomaterials. The current study reports the binding of vitamin B12 to hemoglobin, employing optical spectroscopy and computational methods. It is observed that vitamin B12 quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of hemoglobin. The nature of quenching appears to be static according to the steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. The conformational changes of hemoglobin caused by vitamin B12 interactions were studied by synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and protein secondary structure analyses. The synchronous fluorescence spectra indicate the tryptophan residue microenvironment change while no secondary structural change is observed from circular dichroism spectra and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study. The computational molecular docking elucidated the probable binding of vitamin B12 at the active site of hemoglobin, whereas the stability of the hemoglobin-vitamin B12 complex was studied by MD simulation. The study might be helpful for the treatment of pernicious anemia, hereditary transcobalamin deficiency, and performance enhancement of elite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janmejaya Rout
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Bikash Chandra Swain
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Suchismita Subadini
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Padmaja Prasad Mishra
- Chemical Sciences Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Harekrushna Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Umakanta Tripathy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India.
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19
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Pramanik U, Kongasseri AA, Shekhar S, Mathew A, Yadav R, Mukherjee S. Structural Compactness in Hen Egg White Lysozyme Induced by Bisphenol S: A Spectroscopic and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Approach. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1745-1753. [PMID: 34227204 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The endocrine disrupting compound Bisphenol and its analogues are widely used in food packaging products and can cause serious health hazards. The protein, Lysozyme (Lyz), showing anti-microbial properties, is used as a "natural" food and dairy preservative. Herein, we explored the interaction between Lyz and Bisphenol S (BPS) by multi-spectroscopic and theoretical approaches. Lyz interacts with BPS through static quenching, where hydrophobic force governed the underlying interaction. Molecular docking results reveal that tryptophan plays a vital role in binding, corroborated well with near UV-CD studies. A decrease in the radius of gyration (from 1.43 nm to 1.35 nm) of Lyz substantiates the compactness of the protein conformation owing to such an interaction. This structural alteration experienced by Lyz may alter its functional properties as a food preservative. Consequently, this can degrade the quality of the food products and thereby lead to severe health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushasi Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anju Ajayan Kongasseri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shashi Shekhar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwin Mathew
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saptarshi Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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20
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Nassab CN, Arooj M, Shehadi IA, Parambath JBM, Kanan SM, Mohamed AA. Lysozyme and Human Serum Albumin Proteins as Potential Nitric Oxide Cardiovascular Drug Carriers: Theoretical and Experimental Investigation. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:7750-7762. [PMID: 34232651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c04614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide-containing drugs present a critical remedy for cardiovascular diseases. Nitroglycerin (NG, O-NO) and S-nitrosoglutathione (SNG, S-NO) are the most common nitric oxide drugs for cardiovascular diseases. Insights regarding the binding affinity of NO drugs with lysozyme and human serum albumin (HSA) proteins and their dissociation mechanism will provide inquisitive information regarding the potential of the proteins as drug carriers. For the first time, the binding interactions and affinities are investigated using molecular docking, conventional molecular dynamics, steered molecular dynamics, and umbrella sampling to explore the ability of both proteins to act as nitric oxide drug carriers. The molecular dynamics simulation results showed higher stability of lysozyme-drug complexes compared to HSA. For lysozyme, cardiovascular drugs were bound in the protein cavity mainly by the electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions with residues ASP53, GLN58, ILE59, ARG62, TRP64, ASP102, and TRP109. For HSA, key binding residues were ARG410, TYR411, LYS414, ARG485, GLU450, ARG486, and SER489. The free energy profiles produced from umbrella sampling also suggest that lysozyme-drug complexes had better binding affinity than HSA-drug. Binding characteristics of nitric oxide-containing drugs NG and SNG to lysozyme and HSA proteins were studied using fluorescence and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The relative change in the fluorescence intensity as a function of drug concentrations was analyzed using Stern-Volmer calculations. This was also confirmed by the change in the UV-vis spectra. Fluorescence quenching results of both proteins with the drugs, based on the binding constant values, demonstrated significantly weak binding affinity to NG and strong binding affinity to SNG. Both computational and experimental studies provided important data for understanding protein-drug interactions and will aid in developing potential drug carrier systems in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chahlaa N Nassab
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
| | - Mahreen Arooj
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
| | - Ihsan A Shehadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
| | - Javad B M Parambath
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
| | - Sofian M Kanan
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, UAE
| | - Ahmed A Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
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21
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Ali MS, Waseem M, Subbarao N, Al-Lohedan HA. Noncovalent molecular interactions between antineoplastic drug gemcitabine and a carrier protein identified through spectroscopic and in silico methods. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:993-1002. [PMID: 33857514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein we have studied the noncovalent molecular interactions between hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) and the commonly employed antineoplastic drug gemcitabine through the cumulative implementation of spectroscopic techniques and in silico approaches. The formation of a complex between HEWL and gemcitabine was made evident by the differences between the UV-visible spectra of the protein and protein-gemcitabine complex. Fluorescence quenching of HEWL by gemcitabine was hardly detectable at room temperature, but it became prominent at higher temperatures. Very low values for the bimolecular quenching constant and the non-reciprocal dependence of quenching on temperature indicated that dynamic quenching was taking place. Analysis of experimental data indicated that the interaction was dominated by hydrophobic forces, while the results of a computational investigation suggested the concomitant contribution of hydrogen bonding. Gemcitabine binding induced modifications of the secondary structure of HEWL by slightly increasing the α-helical content of the protein. Finally, gemcitabine binding site was inferred to be located in HEWL big hydrophobic cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Sajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohd Waseem
- School of Computational and Integrative Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Naidu Subbarao
- School of Computational and Integrative Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Hamad A Al-Lohedan
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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