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Marzec ME, Rząca C, Moskal P, Stępień EŁ. Study of the influence of hyperglycemia on the abundance of amino acids, fatty acids, and selected lipids in extracellular vesicles using TOF-SIMS. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 622:30-36. [PMID: 35843091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) with the Bi3+ liquid metal ion gun was used to investigate the content of lipids and amino acids (AAs) in extracellular vesicles (EVs). We induced metabolic changes in human pancreatic β-cells by stimulation with high glucose concentrations (35 mM) and tested the hypothesis of hyperglycemia (HG) has a detrimental effect on lipids and AAs in released EV subpopulations: ectosomes and exosomes. As a result of HG treatment, selected fatty acids (FAs) such as arachidonic, myristic and palmitic acids, changed their abundance in ectosomes and exosomes. Also, intensities of the characteristic peaks for cholesterol (m/z 95.09; 147.07; 161.11; 369.45) along with the molecular ion m/z 386.37 [C27H46O+] under HG conditions, both for ectosomes and exosomes, have changed significantly. Comparative analysis of HG EVs and normoglycemic (NG) ones showed statistically significant differences in the signal intensities of four AAs: valine (m/z 72.08 and 83.05), isoleucine (m/z 86.10), phenylalanine (m/z 120.08 and 132.05) and tyrosine (m/z 107.05 and 136.09). We confirmed that ToF-SIMS is a useful technique to study selected AAs and lipid profiles in various EV subpopulations. Our study is the first demonstration of changes in FAs and AAs in exosomes and ectosomes derived from β-cells under the influence of HG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena E Marzec
- Department of Medical Physics, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11 St, 30-348, Krakow, Poland; Center for Theranostics, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 40 St, 31-501, Krakow, Poland
| | - Carina Rząca
- Department of Medical Physics, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11 St, 30-348, Krakow, Poland; Center for Theranostics, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 40 St, 31-501, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Moskal
- Center for Theranostics, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 40 St, 31-501, Krakow, Poland; Department of Experimental Particle Physics and Applications, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11 St, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Ł Stępień
- Department of Medical Physics, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11 St, 30-348, Krakow, Poland; Center for Theranostics, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 40 St, 31-501, Krakow, Poland.
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Kamińska A, Marzec ME, Stępień EŁ. Design and Optimization of a Biosensor Surface Functionalization to Effectively Capture Urinary Extracellular Vesicles. Molecules 2021; 26:4764. [PMID: 34443351 PMCID: PMC8399133 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For this study, we tested and optimized silicon surface functionalization procedures for capturing urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs). The influence of the silane type (APTES or GOPS) and protein concentration on the efficiency of uEVs binding was investigated. Human lactadherin protein (LACT) was used to capture uEVs. We applied surface characterization techniques, including ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, to observe changes in the biosensor surface after each functionalization step. uEVs were purified by a low-vacuum filtration method and concentrated by ultracentrifugation. The physical parameters of uEVs after the isolation procedure, such as morphology and size distribution, were determined using transmission electron microscopy and tunable resistive pulse sensing methods. We observed a gradual growth of the molecular layer after subsequent stages of modification of the silicon surface. The ToF-SIMS results showed no changes in the mean intensities for the characteristic peaks of amino acids and lipids in positive and negative polarization, in terms of the surface-modifying silane (APTES or GOPS) used. The most optimal concentration of LACT for the tested system was 25 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena E. Marzec
- Department of Medical Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (A.K.); (E.Ł.S.)
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