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Deng Y, Guo M, Zhou L, Huang Y, Srivastava S, Kumar A, Liu JQ. Prospects, advances and biological applications of MOF-based platform for the treatment of lung cancer. Biomater Sci 2024. [PMID: 38958409 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00488d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays in our society, lung cancer is exhibiting a high mortality rate and threat to human health. Conventional diagnostic techniques used in the field of lung cancer often necessitate the use of extensive instrumentation, exhibit a tendency for false positives, and are not suitable for widespread early screening purposes. Conventional approaches to treat lung cancer primarily involve surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, these broad-spectrum treatments suffer from drawbacks such as imprecise targeting and significant side effects, which restrict their widespread use. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted significant attention in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer owing to their tunable electronic properties and structures and potential applications. These porous nanomaterials are formed through the intricate assembly of metal centers and organic ligands, resulting in highly versatile frameworks. Compared to traditional diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, MOFs can improve the sensitivity of lung cancer biomarker detection in the diagnosis of lung cancer. In terms of treatment, they can significantly reduce side effects and improve therapeutic efficacy. Hence, this perspective provides an overview concerning the advancements made in the field of MOFs as potent biosensors for lung cancer biomarkers. It also delves into the latest research dealing with the use of MOFs as carriers for drug delivery. Additionally, it explores the applications of MOFs in various therapeutic approaches, including chemodynamic therapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and immunotherapy. Furthermore, this review comprehensively analyses potential applications of MOFs as biosensors in the field of lung cancer diagnosis and combines different therapeutic approaches aiming for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. It also presents a concise overview of the existing obstacles, aiming to pave the way for future advancements in lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Deng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Manli Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Luyi Zhou
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Yong Huang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Shreya Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226 007, India.
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226 007, India.
| | - Jian-Qiang Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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2
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Sun HN, Wang M, Tan HS, Liu HP, Liu M, Li SS. Ratiometric electrochemical immunoassay based on 2D Co/Fe MOF decorated with toluidine blue and Fc-labeled Schiff base for accurate assay of alpha-fetoprotein in clinical serum. Talanta 2024; 273:125876. [PMID: 38458082 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The high level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) expression is closely related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, a dual signal ratiometric electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan-ferrocenecarboxaldehyde-spindle gold (Chit-Fc-SAu) and Co/Fe metal-organic framework-toluidine blue/polydopamine (Co/Fe MOF-TB/PDA) was proposed for quantitative analysis of AFP. Specifically, Chit-Fc-SAu worked as a substrate to trap more primary antibodies (Ab1) generating the first electrochemical signal from Fc. Thanks to the large specific surface area, the synergistic and electronic effects of Co/Fe MOF nanosheets, and the rich functional groups of PDA, Co/Fe MOF-TB/PDA could load more secondary antibodies (Ab2) and signal molecules (TB) providing another amplified electrochemical signal. In the presence of AFP, Ab1-AFP-Ab2 formed a sandwich structure, and as the AFP concentration increased, the peak current ratio of TB to Fc (ITB/IFc) also increased. The dual signal ratiometric strategy can avoid environmental signal interference and achieve signal self-calibration, thereby improving the accuracy and reproducibility of detection. After a series of exploration, this self-calibrated ratiometric immunosensor exhibited a wide linear range (0.001-200 ng mL-1), a low detection limit (0.34 pg mL-1), and good repeatability. When applied to the assay of clinical serum samples, the detection results of ratiometric sensor were consistent with that of commercial electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay, significantly superior to that of non-ratiometric sensor. The self-calibrated strategy based on ratiometric sensor helps to improve the accuracy of AFP in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Nan Sun
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Tan
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui-Ping Liu
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Guo L, Zhao Y, Huang Q, Huang J, Tao Y, Chen J, Li HY, Liu H. Electrochemical protein biosensors for disease marker detection: progress and opportunities. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:65. [PMID: 38784375 PMCID: PMC11111687 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of artificial intelligence-enabled medical health care has created both opportunities and challenges for next-generation biosensor technology. Proteins are extensively used as biological macromolecular markers in disease diagnosis and the analysis of therapeutic effects. Electrochemical protein biosensors have achieved desirable specificity by using the specific antibody-antigen binding principle in immunology. However, the active centers of protein biomarkers are surrounded by a peptide matrix, which hinders charge transfer and results in insufficient sensor sensitivity. Therefore, electrode-modified materials and transducer devices have been designed to increase the sensitivity and improve the practical application prospects of electrochemical protein sensors. In this review, we summarize recent reports of electrochemical biosensors for protein biomarker detection. We highlight the latest research on electrochemical protein biosensors for the detection of cancer, viral infectious diseases, inflammation, and other diseases. The corresponding sensitive materials, transducer structures, and detection principles associated with such biosensors are also addressed generally. Finally, we present an outlook on the use of electrochemical protein biosensors for disease marker detection for the next few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanpeng Guo
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Yunong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601 China
| | - Qing Huang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
- School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056 China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Yanbing Tao
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Hua-Yao Li
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Wenzhou Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, 325000 China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 China
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Regiart M, Fernández-Baldo MA, Navarrete BA, Morales García C, Gómez B, Tortella GR, Valero T, Ortega FG. Five years of advances in electrochemical analysis of protein biomarkers in lung cancer: a systematic review. Front Chem 2024; 12:1390050. [PMID: 38764920 PMCID: PMC11099832 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1390050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. It represents a public health problem that must be addressed through the early detection of specific biomarkers and effective treatment. To address this critical issue, it is imperative to implement effective methodologies for specific biomarker detection of lung cancer in real clinical samples. Electrochemical methods, including microfluidic devices and biosensors, can obtain robust results that reduce time, cost, and assay complexity. This comprehensive review will explore specific studies, methodologies, and detection limits and contribute to the depth of the discussion, making it a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians interested in lung cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Regiart
- Instituto de Química San Luis (INQUISAL), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, CONICET, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Martín A. Fernández-Baldo
- Instituto de Química San Luis (INQUISAL), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, CONICET, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Bernardino Alcázar Navarrete
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Granada, Spain
- Pulmonology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
- CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Morales García
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Granada, Spain
- Pulmonology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gómez
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Granada, Spain
- Pulmonology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Gonzalo R. Tortella
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Teresa Valero
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry and Excellence Research Unit of “Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and the Environment”, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Gabriel Ortega
- IBS Granada, Institute of Biomedical Research, Granada, Spain
- Pulmonology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
- UGC Cartuja, Distrito Sanitario Granada Metropolitano, Granada, Spain
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Shi Y, Hu K, Mei L, Chao L, Wu M, Chen Z, Wu X, Qiao J, Zhu P, Miao M, Zhang S. Platforms of graphene/MXene heterostructure for electrochemical monitoring of rutin in drug and Tartary buckwheat tea. Talanta 2024; 270:125548. [PMID: 38104427 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of two-dimensional heterostructure composite as electrode modification material has become a new strategy to improve the electrocatalytic activity and electroactive sites of electrochemical sensor. Herein, a soluble heterostructure, namely rGO-PSS@MXene, was designed and synthesized by integrating poly (sodium p-styrenesulfonate)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide into MXene nanosheets via ultrasonic method. The interactive heterostructure can effectively alleviate the self-stacking of MXene and rGO, endowing them with superior electron transfer capacity and large specific surface area, thereby producing prominent synergistic electrocatalytic effect towards rutin. In addition, the excellent enrichment effect of rGO-PSS@MXene for rutin also plays an important role through the electrostatic and π-π stacking interactions. The electrochemical characteristics of rutin on the sensor were examined in detail and a sensitive sensing method was proposed. Under optimized conditions, the method showed satisfactory linear relationship for rutin in the concentration range of 0.005-10.0 μM, with limit of detection of 1.8 nM (S/N = 3). The quantitative validation results in herbal medicine and commercial Tartary buckwheat tea were highly consistent with the labeled quantity and the results of HPLC determination, respectively, suggesting the sensor possessed excellent selectivity and accuracy. This proposed strategy for rutin determination is expected to expand the application of MXene heterostructure in electrochemical sensors, and is envisioned as a promising candidate for quality monitoring of drugs and foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Shi
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine/Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, PR China
| | - Kai Hu
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Lin Mei
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, PR China.
| | - Liqin Chao
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Mingxia Wu
- Department of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Xiangxiang Wu
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Jingyi Qiao
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Pingsheng Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Mingsan Miao
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Sisen Zhang
- People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine/Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, PR China.
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Xu J, Li Y, Yan F. Constructed MXene matrix composites as sensing material and applications thereof: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1288:342027. [PMID: 38220263 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Most studies on MXene matrix composites for sensor development have primarily focused on synthesis and application. Nevertheless, there is currently a lack of research on how the introduction of different materials affects the sensing properties of these composites. The rapid development of MXene has raised intriguing questions about improving sensor performance by combining MXene with other materials such as polymers, metals and inorganic non-metals. This review will concentrate on the construction of MXene-based composites and explore ways to enhance their sensor applications. Specifically, this review describes why the introduction of materials to the system brings the advantage of low concentration and high sensitivity assays, as well as the MXene-based frameworks that have been recently investigated. Lastly, in order to capture the current trend of MXene-based composites in sensor applications and identify promising research directions, this review will critically evaluate the potential applications of newly developed MXene systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Yating Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Fanyong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China.
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7
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Xia Q, Mu Z, Qing M, Zhou J, Bai L. A sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive detection of HER2 based on dual signal amplification of La-MOF-PbO2 and PEI-MoS2NFs composites. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 152:108431. [PMID: 37011475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, the incidence of breast cancer has increased year by year, posing a serious threat to human health and quality of life, and about 30% of breast cancer patients have human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression. Therefore, HER2 has become an important biomarker and indicator for the clinical evaluation of breast cancer in diagnosis, prognosis and recurrence. In this work, polyethyleneimine functionalized MoS2 nanoflowers (PEI-MoS2NFs) with good electrical conductivity and abundant active binding sites were designed and employed as a sensing platform for immobilizing the primary antibody of HER2 (Ab1). In addition, a La-MOF-PbO2 composite with a large specific surface area and good conductivity was used to load lots of electroactive toluidine blue (TB) and the secondary antibody of HER2 (Ab2) via gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the linker. Thus, the constructed sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor was applied for sensitive detection of HER2, which showed a wide linear range from 100 fg mL-1 to 10 μg mL-1 with a lower limit of detection of 15.64 fg mL-1. Therefore, the resulting immunosensor in this study would have a potential application in clinical bioanalysis.
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Cao D, Wu W, Huang X, Liu L, Wei Q, Cao W. Dual-signal ratiometric electrochemical immunosensor constructed with snowflake-like FeSe 2-AuNPs and PAA-ZIF@TB for sensitive detection of CYFRA21-1. Talanta 2023; 260:124632. [PMID: 37149935 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a ratiometric electrochemical immunosensor has been developed to detect the cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) biomarker in a highly sensitive manner through a dual-signal output model. As one of signal indicators, snowflake-like FeSe2 loaded with AuNPs (FeSe2-AuNPs) as sensing substrate with good conductivity and large active sites provides a differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) signal at +0.4 V. Another signal indicator, toluidine blue (TB) with the water-solubility property is an excellent redox probe that can generate DPV signal at -0.3 V. To solve the water-solubility problem, the TB is absorbed with polyacrylic acid (PAA) functionalized ZIF-67 (PAA-ZIF-67), which retains the properties of ZIF-67 that are large specific surface area and strong adsorption properties. The ratio of signals, stemmed from PAA-ZIF@TB and FeSe2-AuNPs (IPAA-ZIF@TB/IFeSe2-AuNPs), increases with the CYFRA21-1 concentration. Under optimal experimental conditions, CYFRA21-1 was detected in a wide dynamic range from 0.1 pg/mL to 100 ng/mL, with a lower limit of detection of 0.02 pg/mL. Looking ahead, this ratio based strategy provides prospective clinical applications for detecting other biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Wenrui Wu
- Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Jinan 250105, PR China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
| | - Qin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Wei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
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Zhu J, Wen W, Tian Z, Zhang X, Wang S. Covalent organic framework: A state-of-the-art review of electrochemical sensing applications. Talanta 2023; 260:124613. [PMID: 37146454 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic framework (COF), a kind of porous polymer with crystalline properties, is a periodic porous framework material with precise regulation at atomic level, which can be formed by the orderly connection of pre-designed organic construction units through covalent bonds. Compared with metal-organic frameworks, COFs exhibit unique performance, including tailor-made functions, stronger load ability, structural diversity, ordered porosity, intrinsic stability and excellent adsorption features, are more conducive to the expansion of electrochemical sensing applications and the universality of applications. In addition, COFs can accurately integrate organic structural units with atomic precision into ordered structures, so that the structural diversity and application of COFs can be greatly enriched by designing new construction units and adopting reasonable functional strategies. In this review, we mainly summarized state-of-the-art recent advances of the classification and synthesis strategy of COFs, the design of functionalized COF for electrochemical sensors and COFs-based electrochemical sensing. Then, an overview of the considerable recent advances made in applying outstanding COFs to establish electrochemical sensing platform, including electrochemical sensor based on voltammetry, amperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, electrochemiluminescence, photoelectrochemical sensor and others. Finally, we discussed the positive outlooks, critical challenges and bright directions of COFs-based electrochemical sensing in the field of disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring, food safety, drug analysis, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlun Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, PR China
| | - Wei Wen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
| | - Zhengfang Tian
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, PR China.
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China.
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10
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Solangi NH, Mubarak NM, Karri RR, Mazari SA, Jatoi AS. Advanced growth of 2D MXene for electrochemical sensors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 222:115279. [PMID: 36706895 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few years, electroanalysis has made significant advancements, particularly in developing electrochemical sensors. Electrochemical sensors generally include emerging Photoelectrochemical and Electrochemiluminescence sensors, which combine optical techniques and traditional electrochemical bio/non-biosensors. Numerous EC-detecting methods have also been designed for commercial applications to detect biological and non-biological markers for various diseases. Analytical applications have recently focused significantly on one of the novel nanomaterials, the MXene. This material is being extensively investigated for applications in electrochemical sensors due to its unique mechanical, electronic, optical, active functional groups and thermal characteristics. This study extensively discusses the salient features of MXene-based electrochemical sensors, photoelectrochemical sensors, enzyme-based biosensors, immunosensors, aptasensors, electrochemiluminescence sensors, and electrochemical non-biosensors. In addition, their performance in detecting various substances and contaminants is thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects the MXene-based electrochemical sensors are elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Hussain Solangi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
| | - Rama Rao Karri
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
| | - Shaukat Ali Mazari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Sattar Jatoi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
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11
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Li D, Yin G, Li Z. Detection of non-small cell lung cancer marker CYFRA21-1 via Mxene-based immunoelectrochemical sensor. INT J ELECTROCHEM SC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2023.100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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12
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Koyappayil A, Yagati AK, Lee MH. Recent Trends in Metal Nanoparticles Decorated 2D Materials for Electrochemical Biomarker Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010091. [PMID: 36671926 PMCID: PMC9855691 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Technological advancements in the healthcare sector have pushed for improved sensors and devices for disease diagnosis and treatment. Recently, with the discovery of numerous biomarkers for various specific physiological conditions, early disease screening has become a possibility. Biomarkers are the body's early warning systems, which are indicators of a biological state that provides a standardized and precise way of evaluating the progression of disease or infection. Owing to the extremely low concentrations of various biomarkers in bodily fluids, signal amplification strategies have become crucial for the detection of biomarkers. Metal nanoparticles are commonly applied on 2D platforms to anchor antibodies and enhance the signals for electrochemical biomarker detection. In this context, this review will discuss the recent trends and advances in metal nanoparticle decorated 2D materials for electrochemical biomarker detection. The prospects, advantages, and limitations of this strategy also will be discussed in the concluding section of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Min-Ho Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-820-5503; Fax: +82-2-814-2651
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Amara U, Hussain I, Ahmad M, Mahmood K, Zhang K. 2D MXene-Based Biosensing: A Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205249. [PMID: 36412074 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
MXene emerged as decent 2D material and has been exploited for numerous applications in the last decade. The remunerations of the ideal metallic conductivity, optical absorbance, mechanical stability, higher heterogeneous electron transfer rate, and good redox capability have made MXene a potential candidate for biosensing applications. The hydrophilic nature, biocompatibility, antifouling, and anti-toxicity properties have opened avenues for MXene to perform in vitro and in vivo analysis. In this review, the concept, operating principle, detailed mechanism, and characteristic properties are comprehensively assessed and compiled along with breakthroughs in MXene fabrication and conjugation strategies for the development of unique electrochemical and optical biosensors. Further, the current challenges are summarized and suggested future aspects. This review article is believed to shed some light on the development of MXene for biosensing and will open new opportunities for the future advanced translational application of MXene bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umay Amara
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Muhmmad Ahmad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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14
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Zhang X, Feng Q, Xie Z, Xu F, Yan Y, Ding C. A Ti/Nb-functionalized COF material based on IMAC strategy for efficient separation of phosphopeptides and phosphorylated exosomes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7885-7895. [PMID: 36136112 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04323-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In this work, on the basis of an immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography enrichment strategy, a new kind of covalent organic framework (COF) material for enrichment of phosphorylated peptides and exosomes was successfully prepared in a facile method, and Ti4+ and Nb5+ were used as dual-functional ions (denoted as COF-S-S-COOH-Ti4+/Nb5+). With the advantage of unbiased enrichment towards phosphopeptides, COF-S-S-COOH-Ti4+/Nb5+ shows ultra-high selectivity (maximum molar ratio of β-casein: BSA is 1:20,000) and low limit of detection (0.2 fmol). In addition, the material has an excellent phosphopeptide loading capacity (100 μg/mg) and reusability (at least seven times). Furthermore, applying the material to the actual sample, 4 phosphopeptides were selectively extracted from the serum of renal carcinoma patients. At the same time, exosomes with an intact structure in the serum of renal carcinoma patients were successfully isolated rapidly using this strategy. All experiments have shown that COF-S-S-COOH-Ti4+/Nb5+ exhibits exciting potential in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Quanshou Feng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zehu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuxing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yinghua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chuanfan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
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Ali MR, Bacchu MS, Al-Mamun MR, Hossain MI, Khaleque A, Khatun A, Ridoy DD, Aly MAS, Khan MZH. Recent Advanced in MXene Research toward Biosensor Development. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-18. [PMID: 36068703 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2115286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
MXene is a rapidly emerging group of two-dimensional (2D) multifunctional nanomaterials, drawing huge attention from researchers of a broad scientific field. Reporting the synthesis of MXene was the following breakthrough in 2D materials following the discovery of graphene. MXene is considered the most recent developments of materials, including transition metal carbonitrides, nitrides, and carbides synthesized by etching or mechanical-based exfoliation of selective MAX phases. MXene has a plethora of prodigious properties such as unique interlayer spacing, high ion and electron transport, large surface area, excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, exceptional volumetric capacitance, thermal shock, and oxidation resistance, easily machinable and inherently hydrophilic, and biocompatibility. Owing to the abundance of tailorable surface function groups, these properties can be further enhanced by surface functionalization with covalent and non-covalent modifications via numerous surface functionalization methods. Therefore, MXene finds their way to a plethora of applications in numerous fields including catalysis, membrane separation, energy storage, sensing, and biomedicine. Here, the focus is on reviewing the structure, synthesis techniques, and functionalization methods of MXene. Furthermore, MXene-based detection platforms in different sensing applications are survived. Great attention is given to reviewing the applications of MXene in the detection of biomolecules, pathogenic bacteria and viruses, cancer biomarkers food contaminants and mycotoxins, and hazardous pollutants. Lastly, the future perspective of MXene-based biosensors as a next-generation diagnostics tool is discussed. Crucial visions are introduced for materials science and sensing communities to better route while investigating the potential of MXene for creating innovative detection mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Romzan Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sadek Bacchu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rashid Al-Mamun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ikram Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Khaleque
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Anowara Khatun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Dipto Debnath Ridoy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed Aly Saad Aly
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Md Zaved Hossain Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
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Gu Y, Jiang Y, Gong G, Cheng X, Mei Y, Pan H, Han J. Detection of CYFRA21-1 in serum by electrochemical immunosensor based on nanocomposite consisting of AuNPs@CMK-3@CMWCNTs. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 148:108230. [PMID: 36029760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical immunosensor based on the modification of nanocomposite was constructed to detect the lung cancer marker Cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1). Ordered mesoporous carbon CMK-3 was selected to mix with carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CMWCNTs), and their combination could enhance electron transfer efficiency and amplify the electrochemical signal. Furthermore, aurum nanoparticles (AuNPs) were further mixed with the hybrid carbon nanomaterials, which bind antibodies via Au-S bonds and provide numerous of binding sites for antibodies. Finally, CYFRA21-1 could be detected by specific immune response between antigen and antibody by improving the immunosensor sensitivity. The characterization of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that AuNPs were embedded on the surface and interstices of CMK-3@CMWCNTs. The curves of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that the immunsensor was successfully constructed. The constructed immunosensor had a linear range of 0.5 pg/mL to 105 pg/mL for the detection of CYFRA21-1 in serum, and the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.998, with a detection limit of 0.2 pg/mL. Thus, this method is selective and sensitive for getting the accurate and reliable detection results and provides a new method for the CYFRA21-1 ultrasensitive detection in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Gu
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, PR China; College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, PR China
| | - Yuting Jiang
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, PR China
| | - Guoao Gong
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, PR China
| | - Xiong Cheng
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Yong Mei
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, PR China
| | - Hongzhi Pan
- The Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health, Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China.
| | - Jun Han
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, PR China.
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Babar ZUD, Della Ventura B, Velotta R, Iannotti V. Advances and emerging challenges in MXenes and their nanocomposites for biosensing applications. RSC Adv 2022; 12:19590-19610. [PMID: 35865615 PMCID: PMC9258029 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02985e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have unique properties and their better functionality has created new paradigms in the field of sensing. Over the past decade, a new family of 2D materials known as MXenes has emerged as a promising material for numerous applications, including biosensing. Their metallic conductivity, rich surface chemistry, hydrophilicity, good biocompatibility, and high anchoring capacity for biomaterials make them an attractive candidate to detect a variety of analytes. Despite such notable properties, there are certain limitations associated with them. This review aims to present a detailed survey of MXene's synthesis; in particular, their superiority in the field of biosensing as compared to other 2D materials is addressed. Their low oxidative stability is still an open challenge, and recent investigations on MXene's oxidation are summarized. The hexagonal stacking network of MXenes acts as a distinctive matrix to load nanoparticles, and the embedded nanoparticles can bind an excess number of biomolecules (e.g., antibodies) thereby improving biosensor performance. We will also discuss the synthesis and corresponding performance of MXenes nanocomposites with noble metal nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles. Furthermore, Nb and Ti2C-based MXenes, and Ti3C2-MXene sandwich immunoassays are also reviewed in view of their importance. Different aspects and challenges associated with MXenes (from their synthesis to final applications) and the future perspectives described give new directions to fabricate novel biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheer Ud Din Babar
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM), University of Naples Federico II Largo S. Marcellino, 10 80138 Italy
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II Via Cintia 26 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II Via Cintia 26 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II Via Cintia 26 80126 Naples Italy
| | - Vincenzo Iannotti
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II Via Cintia 26 80126 Naples Italy
- CNR-SPIN (Institute for Superconductors, Oxides and Other Innovative Materials and Devices) Piazzale V. Tecchio 80 80125 Naples Italy
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Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors Based on Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs). SENSORS 2022; 22:s22134758. [PMID: 35808255 PMCID: PMC9268951 DOI: 10.3390/s22134758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are defined as crystalline organic polymers with programmable topological architectures using properly predesigned building blocks precursors. Since the development of the first COF in 2005, many works are emerging using this kind of material for different applications, such as the development of electrochemical sensors and biosensors. COF shows superb characteristics, such as tuneable pore size and structure, permanent porosity, high surface area, thermal stability, and low density. Apart from these special properties, COF’s electrochemical behaviour can be modulated using electroactive building blocks. Furthermore, the great variety of functional groups that can be inserted in their structures makes them interesting materials to be conjugated with biological recognition elements, such as antibodies, enzymes, DNA probe, aptamer, etc. Moreover, the possibility of linking them with other special nanomaterials opens a wide range of possibilities to develop new electrochemical sensors and biosensors.
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Abstract
Electrochemical immunosensors are the largest class of affinity biosensing devices with strong practicability. In recent years, MXenes have become hotspot materials of electrochemical biosensors for their excellent properties, including large specific surface area, good electrical conductivity, high hydrophilicity and rich functional groups. In this review, we firstly introduce the composition and structure of MXenes, as well as their properties relevant to the construction of biosensors. Then, we summarize the recent advances of MXenes-based electrochemical immunosensors, focusing on the roles of MXenes in various electrochemical immunosensors. Finally, we analyze current problems of MXenes-based electrochemical immunosensors and propose an outlook for this research field.
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Application Value of Serum TK1 and PCDGF, CYFRA21-1, NSE, and CEA plus Enhanced CT Scan in the Diagnosis of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer and Chemotherapy Monitoring. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:8800787. [PMID: 35368891 PMCID: PMC8975651 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8800787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective To assess the application value of serum thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) and PC cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF), cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) plus enhanced CT scan in the diagnosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and chemotherapy monitoring. Methods Between April 2019 and April 2021, 30 patients with NSCLC assessed for eligibility treated in our institution were included in the experimental group, and 30 healthy individuals screened out from physical examinations were recruited in the control group. The chemotherapy regimens included gemcitabine plus cisplatin, pemetrexed disodium plus cisplatin, and vinorelbine plus cisplatin. The application value of serum TK1, PCDGF, CYFRA21-1, NSE, CEA, and enhanced CT scan in the diagnosis and chemotherapy monitoring of NSCLC was analyzed. Results Before treatment, the eligible patients had significantly higher serum levels of TK1, PCDGF, CYFRA21-1, NSE, and CEA than those of the healthy individuals included (P < 0.05). Clinical efficacy was categorized into good and poor, and the good efficacy included complete response and partial response, with the poor efficacy including stable disease and progressive disease. Patients with good clinical efficacy had lower levels of serum TK1, PCDGF, CYFRA21-1, NSE, and CEA than those with poor efficacy (P < 0.05). Joint detection showed a larger area under the curve (AUC) (0.900; 95%CI, 0.812-0.988), a higher sensitivity, and a superior detection outcome to the stand-alone detection (P < 0.05). Diagnostic results were similar between joint detection and pathological examination (P > 0.05). Conclusion The application of serum TK1, PCDGF, CYFRA21-1, NSE, and CEA assay plus enhanced CT scan shows high sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis and chemotherapy monitoring of nonsmall cell lung cancer and thus provides a diagnostic reference basis.
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Hu K, Cheng J, Wang K, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Yang H, Zhang Z. Sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for CYFRA21-1 detection based on AuNPs@MoS 2@Ti 3C 2T x composites. Talanta 2022; 238:122987. [PMID: 34857321 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) is a sensitive marker for detecting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ti3C2Tx modified by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) were synthesized for the first time to obtain the AuNPs@MoS2@Ti3C2Tx composites, which have large specific surface area and good electrocatalytic properties. A novel electrochemical immunoassay for sensitive detection of CYFRA21-1 was developed by loading a large quantity of secondary antibodies (Ab2) and toluidine blue (TB) on the surface of the material as signal probe, and Nafion-AuNPs mixture as electrode material. When the electrochemical response value of CYFRA21-1 increased linearly within the concentration range of 0.5 pg mL-1-50 ng mL-1, the detection limit can reach as low as 0.03 pg mL-1. In addition, the experimental results showed that the biosensor had the potential to rapidly detect CYFRA21-1 in the complex samples such as patient serum, and had a broad application prospect in the early diagnosis and monitoring of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Jiamin Cheng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Kangbin Wang
- Henan Research Institute of Breeding Livestock and Poultry Industry Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450000, PR China
| | - Yuanqing Zhao
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Yanju Liu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Huaixia Yang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
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Alwarappan S, Nesakumar N, Sun D, Hu TY, Li CZ. 2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for sensors and biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 205:113943. [PMID: 35219021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are layered two-dimensional (2D) materials discovered in 2011 (Ti3C2X) and are otherwise called 2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides. These 2D layered materials have been in the limelight for a decade due to their interesting properties such as large surface area, high ion transport, biocompatibility, and low diffusion barrier. Therefore, MXenes are widely preferred by researchers for applications in electronics, sensing, biosensing, electrocatalysis, super-capacitors and fuel cells. There are a number of methods available for the bulk synthesis of MXene-based nanomaterials. In addition, the possibility of structural modification as required and its outstanding surface chemistry offer a fascinating interface for the development of novel biosensors. In this review, we specifically discuss important MXene synthesis routes. Moreover, critical parameters such as surface functionalization that can dictate the mechanical, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of MXenes are also discussed. Following this, methods available for the surface functionalization and modification strategies of MXenes are also discussed. Furthermore, the emergence of gas, electrochemical, and optical biosensors based on MXenes since its first report is discussed in detail. Finally, future directions of MXenes biosensors for critical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbiah Alwarappan
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Noel Nesakumar
- Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials CeNTAB, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613 401, India
| | - Dali Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1411 Centennial Blvd, 101S, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Tony Y Hu
- Center For Cellular and Molecular Diagnosis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chen-Zhong Li
- Center For Cellular and Molecular Diagnosis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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23
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Yuan X, Yang J, Wang X, Zhang Y, Yang H, Wang X. Electrochemical impedance analysis of the CYFRA 21-1 antigen based on doxorubicin-initiated ROP signal amplification. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02631g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical immunoassay based on the Dox–PCL–PEO copolymer has been firstly used in the detection of CYFRA 21-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Huaixia Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Xinling Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
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Lv X, Bi M, Xu X, Li Y, Geng C, Cui B, Fang Y. An ultrasensitive ratiometric immunosensor based on the ratios of conjugated distyrylbenzene derivative nanosheets with AIECL properties and electrochemical signal for CYFRA21-1 detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:1389-1402. [PMID: 34741181 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03764-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence reagent, a distyrylbenzene derivative with donor-acceptor conjugated nanosheet structure, namely TPAPCN, was used as a trace label and modified on the electrode through the formation of classical sandwich complex of antibody-antigen-antibody in this work. In aggregate state, TPAPCN with twisted structure was limited in nanometer space through intermolecular π - π stacking interactions, which not only restricts the intramolecular motions but also combines a large number of singlet excitons to greatly trigger electrochemiluminescence (ECL). The ECL signal of this system enhanced with more captured cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) on the modified electrode. Three-dimensional graphene/platinum nanoparticles with large specific surface, and excellent electroconductivity and biocompatibility were prepared and acted as excellent carriers for thionine handling (3D-GN/PtNPs/Th), which was employed for improving the loading of antibodies and generating internal electrochemical signal. Consequently, a novel ratiometric sandwich immunosensor for CYFRA21-1 detection was fabricated based on TPAPCN and 3D-GN/PtNPs/Th, that is, a rapid and reliable detection was achieved through the ratio between ECL and electrochemical signals. The prepared sensor performed good linearity in the range of 50 fg/mL to 1 ng/mL with a detection limit as low as 16 fg/mL. Moreover, the detection results revealed well in the analysis of human serum samples, demonstrating a significant application for clinical monitoring and biomolecules detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Mengmeng Bi
- Juye County People's Hospital, Heze, 274900, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Yanping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Yishan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China.
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Jamalipour Soufi G, Iravani P, Hekmatnia A, Mostafavi E, Khatami M, Iravani S. MXenes and MXene-based Materials with Cancer Diagnostic Applications: Challenges and Opportunities. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02603594.2021.1990890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Parisa Iravani
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hekmatnia
- Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mehrdad Khatami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Pang T, Chen X, Hu K, Cui Y, Zhao W, Zeng H, Zhang Z, Zhang S. Preparation of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene based solid-phase microextraction coating for sensitive determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental water samples. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3398-3406. [PMID: 34265181 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a new Ti3 C2 Tx -coated fiber was synthesized and utilized as coatings for solid-phase microextraction of seven polychlorinated biphenyls. The as-produced multilayered Ti3 C2 Tx MXene was characterized by X-ray diffractometer, thermos-gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. It is noteworthy that the Ti3 C2 Tx showed some attractive features including unique 2D layered structures, large surface area, good hydrophilicity, and rich active recognition sites, endowing it has a high affinity towards the target polychlorinated biphenyls. Subsequently, the affecting parameters on the extraction efficiency of polychlorinated biphenyls were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, a novel method for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in water samples was proposed. The Ti3 C2 Tx -coated fiber-based solid-phase microextraction method showed good linearity (r2 > 0.9928), high enrichment factors (268-442), low limits of detection (0.06-0.15 ng/L), and satisfactory repeatability (RSDs < 7.5%) for the polychlorinated biphenyls. The excellent method recoveries were in the range of 90.0-98.4, 92.0-98.2, and 92.0-98.0% for river water, lake water, and tap water samples, respectively. These results suggested that the proposed Ti3 C2 Tx -coated fiber-based method represents a promising alternative for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Pang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kai Hu
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongxia Cui
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huahui Zeng
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Center for Modern Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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Hu K, Pang T, Shi Y, Han P, Zhao Y, Zhao W, Zeng H, Zhang S, Zhang Z. Magnetic borate-modified Mxene: A highly affinity material for the extraction of catecholamines. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1176:338769. [PMID: 34399896 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel magnetic borate-modified MXene composite was prepared by in situ growth of Fe3O4 particles onto the surface of phenylboronic acid modified Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. The magnetic composite possesses highly selective recognition properties to catecholamines, and high adsorption capacity (up to 319.6 μmol g-1) for dopamine. Besides, the adsorption of urinary catecholamines can be accomplished within 2.0 min. The excellent adsorption performance can be assigned to its unique 2D layered structures, which helps to shorten the diffusion path and facilitate molecular transport. In addition, the multilayer adsorption and the synergetic interactions of borate affinity, van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking also contribute to the adsorption. By coupling the magnetic boronate affinity composites with high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection, a sensitive method for the determination of catecholamines in urine samples was proposed. The validation results revealed it can offer good linearities (correlation coefficients higher than 99%). The method detection limits were 0.06, 0.16, 0.03 and 0.14 ng mL-1 for norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine and isoprenaline, respectively, and relative recoveries for these catecholamines were in the range of 98.56-108.1%, 92.56-110.0%, 98.79-112.3% and 88.14-97.81%, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to analyze the catecholamines in the urine samples from 15 healthy volunteers and 16 patients with Alzheimer's disease. The results indicated that the magnetic borate-modified Mxene composite possesses superior extraction performance, and can be used as an outstanding candidate for the extraction of catecholamines in pre-clinical or clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hu
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Tiantian Pang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yanmei Shi
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Pengzhao Han
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yuanqing Zhao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huahui Zeng
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Center for Modern Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, No 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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