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Li J, Yang Z, Yang W, Zhao X, Li L, Cao Z, Zhou H, Zheng R, Deng Y, Peng C, Li Y, Fang Y. A novel AIE-based mitochondria-targeting fluorescent probe for monitoring of the fluctuation of endogenous hypochlorous acid in ferroptosis models. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05412-8. [PMID: 38951148 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05412-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a way of cell death mainly due to the imbalance between the production and degradation of lipid reactive oxygen species, which is closely associated with various diseases. Endogenous hypochlorous acid (HOCl) mainly produced in mitochondria is regarded as an important signal molecule of ferroptosis. Therefore, monitoring the fluctuation of endogenous HOCl is beneficial to better understand and treat ferroptosis-related diseases. Inspired by the promising aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties of tetraphenylethene (TPE), herein, we rationally constructed a novel AIE-based fluorescent probe, namely QTrPEP, for HOCl with nice mitochondria-targeting ability and high sensitivity and selectivity. Probe QTrPEP consisted of phenylborate ester and the AIE fluorophore of quinoline-conjugated triphenylethylene (QTrPE). HOCl can brighten the strong fluorescence through a specific HOCl-triggered cleavage of the phenylborate ester bond and release of QTrPE, which has been demonstrated by MS, HPLC, and DLS experiments. In addition, combining QTrPE-doped test strips with a smartphone-based measurement demonstrated the excellent performance of the probe to sense HOCl. The obtained favorable optical properties and negligible cytotoxicity allowed the use of this probe for tracking of HOCl in three different cells. In particular, this work represents the first AIE-based mitochondria-targeting fluorescent probe for monitoring the fluctuation of HOCl in ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wenya Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Longxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhixing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Houcheng Zhou
- Sichuan New Green Pharmaceutical Technology Development Co. Ltd., Chengdu, 611930, China
| | - Renlin Zheng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Yun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yuzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yuyu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Sichuan New Green Pharmaceutical Technology Development Co. Ltd., Chengdu, 611930, China.
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Zhao B, Liu X, Cheng Z, Liu X, Zhang X, Feng X. Smartphone-integrated paper-based sensing platform for the visualization and quantitative detection of pymetrozine. Food Chem 2024; 440:138269. [PMID: 38157705 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Pymetrozine (PYM) is an effective pyridine insecticide for controlling aphids, while its residues pose a serious threat to human health. Herein, a europium complex (Eu-DBPA, DBPA represents deprotonated 2,5-dibromoterephthalic acid ligand) probe was prepared for the detection of PYM via fluorescence quenching. The detection process has the advantages of short response time (2 min), wide linear range (0-4 and 4-45 mg/kg) and low detection limit (2.2 μg/kg). Furthermore, a portable detection platform was designed by integrating Eu-DBPA-based paper strip with smartphone and applied for the visual detection of PYM in real cucumber, tomato, cabbage and apple samples, obtaining satisfactory recovery (99.00 %-107.00 %) and low standard deviation (RSD < 3.4 %). In addition, a logic gate device was designed to simplify the detection process. The smartphone-integrated paper-based probe detection platform provides a new strategy for intelligent and online identification of hazards in environmental and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471022, China
| | - Xinfang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China.
| | - Zheng Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471022, China
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471022, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471022, China.
| | - Xun Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
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Ma C, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Chen X, Ji Z, Zhang LN, Xu Q. Ratiometric electrochemiluminescence sensing and intracellular imaging of ClO - via resonance energy transfer. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05236-6. [PMID: 38512384 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) is a versatile signal transduction strategy widely used in the fabrication of chem/biosensors. However, this technique has not yet been applied in visualized imaging analysis of intracellular species due to the insulating nature of the cell membrane. Here, we construct a ratiometric ECL-RET analytical method for hypochlorite ions (ClO-) by ECL luminophore, with a luminol derivative (L-012) as the donor and a fluorescence probe (fluorescein hydrazide) as the acceptor. L-012 can emit a strong blue ECL signal and fluorescein hydrazide has negligible absorbance and fluorescence signal in the absence of ClO-. Thus, the ECL-RET process is turned off at this time. In the presence of ClO-, however, the closed-loop hydrazide structure in fluorescein hydrazide is opened via specific recognition with ClO-, accompanied with intensified absorbance and fluorescence signal. Thanks to the spectral overlap between the ECL spectrum of L-012 and the absorption spectrum of fluorescein, the ECL-RET effect is gradually recovered with the addition of ClO-. Furthermore, the ECL-RET system has been successfully applied to image intracellular ClO-. Although the insulating nature of the cell itself can generate a shadow ECL pattern in the cellular region, extracellular ECL emission penetrates the cell membrane and excites intracellular fluorescein generated by the reactions between fluorescein hydrazide and ClO-. The cell imaging strategy via ECL-RET circumvents the blocking of the cell membrane and enables assays of intracellular species. The importance of the ECL-RET platform lies in calibrating the fluctuation from the external environment and improving the selectivity by using fluorescent probes. Therefore, this ratiometric ECL sensor has shown broad application prospects in the identification of targets in clinical diagnosis and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, YangzhouJiangsu, 225002, China.
| | - Yujing Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, YangzhouJiangsu, 225002, China
| | - Zhichen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, YangzhouJiangsu, 225002, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, YangzhouJiangsu, 225002, China
| | - Zhengping Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, YangzhouJiangsu, 225002, China
| | - Lu-Nan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, YangzhouJiangsu, 225002, China
| | - Qin Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, YangzhouJiangsu, 225002, China.
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Wu Y, Lun W, Zeng H, Guo X, Yang M, Lan Q. A facile near-infrared xanthene fluorescence probe for visualizing of hypochlorous acid in vitro and in vivo. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1294:342292. [PMID: 38336413 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypochlorous acid (HClO) is an important biomarker for inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and even cancer. It is of great significance to accurately monitor and quantitatively analyze the fluctuations of HClO to better understand their physiological functions. Traditional HClO detection methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and mass spectrometry are preferred, but are costly and unsuitable in vivo. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has the advantages of high sensitivity, high temporal and spatial resolutions, minimal autofluorescence, and deep tissue penetration, which facilitates its application in biological systems. Therefore, the development of sensitivity and simple NIR fluorescence monitoring HClO methods in vivo and in vitro is essential and desirable. RESULTS Herein, we present a NIR probe NOF3 by integrating the rhodamine scaffold and HClO-triggered moiety for the real-time detection of HClO in vitro and in vivo. NOF3 reacts with the HClO and releases the NOF-OH fluorophore of emitted signals at 730 nm, which is in the NIR region. The designed probe detected concentrations of HClO ranging from 0 to 17 μM with a low detection limit of 0.146 μM, presenting excellent sensitivity and selectivity toward HClO over other species. NOF3 manifests significantly turn-on NIR fluorescent signals in response to HClO concentration, which makes it favorable for monitoring dynamic HClO distribution in vivo. We exemplify NOF3 for the tracking of endogenously overexpressed HClO distribution in RAW 264.7 cells, and further realize real-time in vivo bioimaging of HClO activity in inflammation mice. SIGNIFICANCE The facile NIR NOF3 probe was successfully applied to visualize endogenous and exogenous HClO in living cells and mice. This study provides not only an effective tool for spatial and temporal resolution HClO bioimaging in vivo but also possesses great potential for use in future research on HClO-related biology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Weican Lun
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China.
| | - Qingchun Lan
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China.
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Li L, Wang X, Huang J, Ma K, Tan X. A novel near-infrared fluorescent probe for rapid sensing of HClO in living cells and zebrafish. Front Chem 2022; 10:1009186. [PMID: 36212076 PMCID: PMC9532538 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1009186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are significant active species in living organisms, and their coordination maintains the function of organelles to resist the invasion of foreign substances. Hypochlorous acid (HClO) is not only an eventful signaling species but also a kind of ROS, which plays an irreplaceable role in the immune system. However, its abnormal levels can cause cell damage or even apoptosis, which in turn leads to the onset of a series of diseases such as inflammation, neurological diseases, and even cancer. Based on this, we designed a near-infrared fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift for ultrafast response to HClO. Furthermore, the probe exhibits excellent sensitivity and selectivity toward HClO over other species. The probe was successfully applied to visualize endogenous and exogenous HClO in living cells and in zebrafish. This unique study is the key to providing a trustworthy tool for imaging based on the in vitro and in vivo imaging of endogenous HClO, which possesses great potential for the use in future studies of HClO-related biology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Li
- Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jinzhi Huang
- Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Jinzhi Huang,
| | - Kaidong Ma
- Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tan
- Shenzhen Longgang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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