1
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Mikaeeli Kangarshahi B, Naghib SM, Rabiee N. DNA/RNA-based electrochemical nanobiosensors for early detection of cancers. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024; 61:473-495. [PMID: 38450458 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2024.2321202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA, serve as versatile recognition elements in electrochemical biosensors, demonstrating notable efficacy in detecting various cancer biomarkers with high sensitivity and selectivity. These biosensors offer advantages such as cost-effectiveness, rapid response, ease of operation, and minimal sample preparation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in nucleic acid-based electrochemical biosensors for cancer diagnosis, comparing them with antibody-based counterparts. Specific examples targeting key cancer biomarkers, including prostate-specific antigen, microRNA-21, and carcinoembryonic antigen, are highlighted. The discussion delves into challenges and limitations, encompassing stability, reproducibility, interference, and standardization issues. The review suggests future research directions, exploring new nucleic acid recognition elements, innovative transducer materials and designs, novel signal amplification strategies, and integration with microfluidic devices or portable instruments. Evaluating these biosensors in clinical settings using actual samples from cancer patients or healthy donors is emphasized. These sensors are sensitive and specific at detecting non-communicable and communicable disease biomarkers. DNA and RNA's self-assembly, programmability, catalytic activity, and dynamic behavior enable adaptable sensing platforms. They can increase biosensor biocompatibility, stability, signal transduction, and amplification with nanomaterials. In conclusion, nucleic acids-based electrochemical biosensors hold significant potential to enhance cancer detection and treatment through early and accurate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Mikaeeli Kangarshahi
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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2
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Wasilewski T, Kamysz W, Gębicki J. AI-Assisted Detection of Biomarkers by Sensors and Biosensors for Early Diagnosis and Monitoring. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:356. [PMID: 39056632 PMCID: PMC11274923 DOI: 10.3390/bios14070356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The steady progress in consumer electronics, together with improvement in microflow techniques, nanotechnology, and data processing, has led to implementation of cost-effective, user-friendly portable devices, which play the role of not only gadgets but also diagnostic tools. Moreover, numerous smart devices monitor patients' health, and some of them are applied in point-of-care (PoC) tests as a reliable source of evaluation of a patient's condition. Current diagnostic practices are still based on laboratory tests, preceded by the collection of biological samples, which are then tested in clinical conditions by trained personnel with specialistic equipment. In practice, collecting passive/active physiological and behavioral data from patients in real time and feeding them to artificial intelligence (AI) models can significantly improve the decision process regarding diagnosis and treatment procedures via the omission of conventional sampling and diagnostic procedures while also excluding the role of pathologists. A combination of conventional and novel methods of digital and traditional biomarker detection with portable, autonomous, and miniaturized devices can revolutionize medical diagnostics in the coming years. This article focuses on a comparison of traditional clinical practices with modern diagnostic techniques based on AI and machine learning (ML). The presented technologies will bypass laboratories and start being commercialized, which should lead to improvement or substitution of current diagnostic tools. Their application in PoC settings or as a consumer technology accessible to every patient appears to be a real possibility. Research in this field is expected to intensify in the coming years. Technological advancements in sensors and biosensors are anticipated to enable the continuous real-time analysis of various omics fields, fostering early disease detection and intervention strategies. The integration of AI with digital health platforms would enable predictive analysis and personalized healthcare, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in related scientific fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Wasilewski
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Gębicki
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland;
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3
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Zheng C, Liu R, Chen J, Li S, Ling Y, Zhang Z. Development of a selective electrochemical microsensor based on molecularly imprinted polydopamine/ZIF-67/laser-induced graphene for point-of-care determination of 3-nitrotyrosine. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 255:116246. [PMID: 38537430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) is a biomarker closely associated with the early diagnosis of oxidative stress-related disorders. The development of an accurate, cost-effective, point-of-care 3-NT sensor holds significant importance for self-monitoring and clinical treatment. In this study, a selective, sensitive, and portable molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor was developed. ZIF-67 with strong adsorption capacity was facilely modified on an electrochemically active laser-induced graphene (LIG) substrate (formed ZIF-67/LIG). Subsequently, biocompatible dopamine was chosen as the functional monomer, and interference-free ʟ-tyrosine was used as the dummy template to create molecularly imprinted polydopamine (MIPDA) on the ZIF-67/LIG, endowing the sensor with selectivity. The morphologies, electrochemical properties, and detection performance of the sensor were comprehensively investigated using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and differential pulse voltammetry. To achieve the best performance, several parameters were optimized, including the number of polymerization cycles (15), elution time (60 min), incubation time (7 min), and pH of the buffer solution (6). The turnaround time for this sensor is 10 min. Benefiting from the alliance of MIPDA, ZIF-67, and LIG, the sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity with a detection limit of 6.71 nM, and distinguished selectivity against 11 interfering substances. To enable convenient clinical diagnosis, a customized electrochemical microsensor with MIPDA/ZIF-67/LIG was designed, showcasing excellent reliability and convenience in detecting biological samples without pretreatment. The proposed microsensor will not only facilitate clinical diagnosis and improve patient care, but also provide inspiration for the development of other portable and accurate electrochemical biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Ruwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Jianyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Institute of New Functional Materials Co., Ltd, Guangxi Institute of Industrial Technology, Nanning, 530200, PR China
| | - Shilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yunhan Ling
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Zhengjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
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4
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Lin H, Deng H, Jiang Z, Hua P, Hu S, Ao H, Zhong M, Liu M, Guo G. Microarray analysis of tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) in LPS-challenged macrophages treated with metformin. Gene 2024; 913:148399. [PMID: 38518902 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Metformin, a widely used anti-diabetic drug, has demonstrated its efficacy in addressing various inflammatory conditions. tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA), a novel type of small non-coding RNA, exhibits diverse regulatory functions and holds promise as both a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for various diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the abundance of tsRNAs changed in LPS versus LPS + metformin-treated cells, utilizing microarray technology. Firstly, we established an in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation model using RAW264.7 macrophages and assessed the protective effects of metformin against inflammatory damage. Subsequently, we extracted total RNA from both LPS-treated and metformin + LPS-treated cell samples for microarray analysis to identify differentially abundant tsRNAs (DA-tsRNAs). Furthermore, we conducted bioinformatics analysis to predict target genes for validated DA-tsRNAs and explore the biological functions and signaling pathways associated with DA-tsRNAs. Notably, metformin was found to inhibit the inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophages. The microarray results revealed a total of 247 DA-tsRNAs, with 58 upregulated and 189 downregulated tsRNAs in the Met + LPS group compared to the LPS group. The tsRNA-mRNA network was visualized, shedding light on potential interactions. The results of bioinformatics analysis suggested that these potential targets of specific tsRNAs were mainly related to inflammation and immunity. Our study provides compelling evidence that metformin exerts anti-inflammatory effects and modulates the abundance of tsRNAs in LPS-treated RAW264.7 macrophages. These findings establish a valuable foundation for using tsRNAs as potential biomarkers for metformin in the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Lin
- Medical center of Burn plastic and wound repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongao Deng
- Medical center of Burn plastic and wound repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhengying Jiang
- Medical center of Burn plastic and wound repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Hua
- Medical center of Burn plastic and wound repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shiqiang Hu
- Medical center of Burn plastic and wound repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haiyong Ao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meiling Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingzhuo Liu
- Medical center of Burn plastic and wound repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| | - Guanghua Guo
- Medical center of Burn plastic and wound repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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5
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Mota FAR, Passos MLC, Santos JLM, Saraiva MLMFS. Comparative analysis of electrochemical and optical sensors for detection of chronic wounds biomarkers: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116095. [PMID: 38382268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Chronic wounds (CW) present a significant healthcare challenge due to their prolonged healing time and associated complications. To effectively treat these wounds and prevent further deterioration, monitoring their healing progress is crucial. Traditional wound assessment methods relying on visual inspection and subjective evaluation are prone to inter-observer variability. Biomarkers play a critical role in objectively evaluating wound status and predicting healing outcomes, providing quantitative measures of wound healing progress, inflammation, infection, and tissue regeneration. Recent attention has been devoted to identifying and validating CW biomarkers. Various studies have investigated potential biomarkers, including growth factors, cytokines, proteases, and extracellular matrix components, shedding light on the complex molecular and cellular processes within CW. This knowledge enables a more targeted and personalized approach to wound management. Accurate and sensitive techniques are necessary for detecting CW biomarkers. Thus, this review compares and discusses the use of electrochemical and optical sensors for biomarker determination. The advantages and disadvantages of these sensors are highlighted. Differences in detection capabilities and characteristics such as non-invasiveness, portability, high sensitivity, specificity, simplicity, cost-effectiveness, compatibility with point-of-care applications, and real-time monitoring of wound biomarkers will be pointed out and compared. In summary, this work provides an overview of CW, explores the emerging field of CW biomarkers, and discusses methods for detecting these biomarkers, with a specific focus on optical and electrochemical sensors. The potential of further research and development in this field for advancing wound care and improving patient outcomes will also be noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima A R Mota
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal.
| | - Marieta L C Passos
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal.
| | - João L M Santos
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal.
| | - M Lúcia M F S Saraiva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal.
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6
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Liu Y, Lin Z, Wang Y, Chen L, Wang Y, Luo C. Nanotechnology in inflammation: cutting-edge advances in diagnostics, therapeutics and theranostics. Theranostics 2024; 14:2490-2525. [PMID: 38646646 PMCID: PMC11024862 DOI: 10.7150/thno.91394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory dysregulation is intimately associated with the occurrence and progression of many life-threatening diseases. Accurate detection and timely therapeutic intervention on inflammatory dysregulation are crucial for the effective therapy of inflammation-associated diseases. However, the clinical outcomes of inflammation-involved disorders are still unsatisfactory. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop innovative anti-inflammatory strategies by integrating emerging technological innovations with traditional therapeutics. Biomedical nanotechnology is one of the promising fields that can potentially transform the diagnosis and treatment of inflammation. In this review, we outline recent advances in biomedical nanotechnology for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammation, with special attention paid to nanosensors and nanoprobes for precise diagnosis of inflammation-related diseases, emerging anti-inflammatory nanotherapeutics, as well as nanotheranostics and combined anti-inflammatory applications. Moreover, the prospects and challenges for clinical translation of nanoprobes and anti-inflammatory nanomedicines are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Liuhui Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yuequan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
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7
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Abdul Wahab MR, Palaniyandi T, Viswanathan S, Baskar G, Surendran H, Gangadharan SGD, Sugumaran A, Sivaji A, Kaliamoorthy S, Kumarasamy S. Biomarker-specific biosensors revolutionise breast cancer diagnosis. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 555:117792. [PMID: 38266968 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women across the globe. In order to treat breast cancer successfully, it is crucial to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the condition during its initial stages. Although mammogram screening has long been a common method of breast cancer screening, high rates of type I error and type II error results as well as radiation exposure have always been of concern. The outgrowth cancer mortality rate is primarily due to delayed diagnosis, which occurs most frequently in a metastatic III or IV stage, resulting in a poor prognosis after therapy. Traditional detection techniques require identifying carcinogenic properties of cells, such as DNA or RNA alterations, conformational changes and overexpression of certain proteins, and cell shape, which are referred to as biomarkers or analytes. These procedures are complex, long-drawn-out, and expensive. Biosensors have recently acquired appeal as low-cost, simple, and super sensitive detection methods for analysis. The biosensor approach requires the existence of biomarkers in the sample. Thus, the development of novel molecular markers for diverse forms of cancer is a rising complementary affair. These biosensor devices offer two major advantages: (1) a tiny amount of blood collected from the patient is sufficient for analysis, and (2) it could help clinicians swiftly select and decide on the best therapy routine for the individual. This review will include updates on prospective cancer markers and biosensors in cancer diagnosis, as well as the associated detection limitations, with a focus on biosensor development for marker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India; Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Sandhiya Viswanathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Hemapreethi Surendran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - S G D Gangadharan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Madras Medical College, R. G. G. G. H., Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abimanyu Sugumaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, (A Central University), Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Asha Sivaji
- Department of Biochemistry, DKM College for Women, Vellore, India
| | - Senthilkumar Kaliamoorthy
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Kumarasamy
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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8
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Banga I, Paul A, Dhamu VN, Ramasubramanya AH, Muthukumar S, Prasad S. Activated carbon derived from wood biochar for Amperometric sensing of Ammonia for early screening of chronic kidney disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126894. [PMID: 37709225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Personalized medicine has emerged as an increasingly efficient and effective approach to addressing disease diagnosis and intervention. Ammonia is a waste product produced by the body during the digestion of protein. The requirement to develop an electrochemical sensing platform for monitoring skin ammonia levels holds great potential as an essential solution to pre-screen chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this research, we have manufactured an innovative electrochemical sensor by employing activated carbon derived from wood biochar as the signal transducer. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the structural and morphological characteristics of the synthesized materials using various techniques. The hypothesized interaction was investigated using chronoamperometry as a transduction technique. To assess cross-reactivity, we conducted a study using common interferants or chemicals present in the environment. The data presented in this paper represents three replicates and is plotted with a 5 % error bar, demonstrating a 95 % confidence interval in the sensor response. In this study, we have elucidated the functionality and usefulness of a wearable microelectronic research prototype integrated with an HTC-activated carbon @RTIL-based electrochemical sensing platform for detecting ammonia levels released from the skin as a marker for chronic kidney disease screening. By enabling early detection and monitoring, these platforms can facilitate timely interventions, such as lifestyle modifications, medication adjustments, or referral to nephrology specialists. This proactive approach can potentially slow down disease progression, minimize the need for dialysis or transplantation, and ultimately improve the quality of life for CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivneet Banga
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
| | - Anirban Paul
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
| | | | | | - Sriram Muthukumar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; EnLiSense LLC, 1813 Audubon Pondway, Allen, TX 75013, USA.
| | - Shalini Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; EnLiSense LLC, 1813 Audubon Pondway, Allen, TX 75013, USA.
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9
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Messina M, Maugeri L, Spoto G, Puccio R, Ruggieri M, Petralia S. Fully Integrated Point-of-Care Platform for the Self-Monitoring of Phenylalanine in Finger-Prick Blood. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4152-4160. [PMID: 37890867 PMCID: PMC10683505 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Development of point-of-care platforms combining reliability and ease of use is a challenge for the evolution of sensing in healthcare technologies. Here, we report the development and testing of a fully integrated enzymatic colorimetric assay for the sensing of phenylalanine in blood samples from phenylketonuria patients. The platform works with a customized mobile app for data acquisition and visualization and comprises an electronic system and a disposable sensor. The sensing approach is based on specific enzymatic phenylalanine recognition, and the optical transduction method is based on in situ gold nanostructure formation. The phenylketonuria (PKU) smart sensor platform is conceived to perform self-monitoring on phenylalanine levels and real-time therapy tuning, thanks to the direct connection with clinicians. Validation of the technologies with a population of patients affected by PKU, together with the concurrent validation of the platform through centralized laboratories, has confirmed the good analytical performances in terms of sensitivity and specificity, robustness, and utility for phenylalanine sensing. The self-monitoring of phenylalanine for the daily identification of abnormal health conditions could facilitate rapid therapy tuning, improving the wellness of PKU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria
Anna Messina
- Expanded
Newborn Screening Laboratory, A.O.U Policlinico
“G. Rodolico—San Marco”, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ludovica Maugeri
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Martino Ruggieri
- Expanded
Newborn Screening Laboratory, A.O.U Policlinico
“G. Rodolico—San Marco”, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Unit
of Clinical Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Petralia
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- CNR-Institute
of Biomolecular Chemistry, 95126 Catania, Italy
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10
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Campuzano S, Pingarrón JM. Electrochemical Affinity Biosensors: Pervasive Devices with Exciting Alliances and Horizons Ahead. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3276-3293. [PMID: 37534629 PMCID: PMC10521145 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical affinity biosensors are evolving at breakneck speed, strengthening and colonizing more and more niches and drawing unimaginable roadmaps that increasingly make them protagonists of our daily lives. They achieve this by combining their intrinsic attributes with those acquired by leveraging the significant advances that occurred in (nano)materials technology, bio(nano)materials and nature-inspired receptors, gene editing and amplification technologies, and signal detection and processing techniques. The aim of this Perspective is to provide, with the support of recent representative and illustrative literature, an updated and critical view of the repertoire of opportunities, innovations, and applications offered by electrochemical affinity biosensors fueled by the key alliances indicated. In addition, the imminent challenges that these biodevices must face and the new directions in which they are envisioned as key players are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Campuzano
- Departamento de Química Analítica,
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad
Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, España
| | - José M. Pingarrón
- Departamento de Química Analítica,
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad
Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, España
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11
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Silva AT, Figueiredo R, Azenha M, Jorge PA, Pereira CM, Ribeiro JA. Imprinted Hydrogel Nanoparticles for Protein Biosensing: A Review. ACS Sens 2023; 8:2898-2920. [PMID: 37556357 PMCID: PMC10463276 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, molecular imprinting (MI) technology has made tremendous progress, and the advancements in nanotechnology have been the major driving force behind the improvement of MI technology. The preparation of nanoscale imprinted materials, i.e., molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (MIP NPs, also commonly called nanoMIPs), opened new horizons in terms of practical applications, including in the field of sensors. Currently, hydrogels are very promising for applications in bioanalytical assays and sensors due to their high biocompatibility and possibility to tune chemical composition, size (microgels, nanogels, etc.), and format (nanostructures, MIP film, fibers, etc.) to prepare optimized analyte-responsive imprinted materials. This review aims to highlight the recent progress on the use of hydrogel MIP NPs for biosensing purposes over the past decade, mainly focusing on their incorporation on sensing devices for detection of a fundamental class of biomolecules, the peptides and proteins. The review begins by directing its focus on the ability of MIPs to replace biological antibodies in (bio)analytical assays and highlight their great potential to face the current demands of chemical sensing in several fields, such as disease diagnosis, food safety, environmental monitoring, among others. After that, we address the general advantages of nanosized MIPs over macro/micro-MIP materials, such as higher affinity toward target analytes and improved binding kinetics. Then, we provide a general overview on hydrogel properties and their great advantages for applications in the field of Sensors, followed by a brief description on current popular routes for synthesis of imprinted hydrogel nanospheres targeting large biomolecules, namely precipitation polymerization and solid-phase synthesis, along with fruitful combination with epitope imprinting as reliable approaches for developing optimized protein-imprinted materials. In the second part of the review, we have provided the state of the art on the application of MIP nanogels for screening macromolecules with sensors having different transduction modes (optical, electrochemical, thermal, etc.) and design formats for single use, reusable, continuous monitoring, and even multiple analyte detection in specialized laboratories or in situ using mobile technology. Finally, we explore aspects about the development of this technology and its applications and discuss areas of future growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T. Silva
- CIQUP/IMS,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Rui Figueiredo
- CIQUP/IMS,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Manuel Azenha
- CIQUP/IMS,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Pedro A.S. Jorge
- INESC
TEC−Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology
and Science, Faculty of Sciences, University
of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Carlos M. Pereira
- CIQUP/IMS,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - José A. Ribeiro
- CIQUP/IMS,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
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12
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Wang J, Ni R, Jiang T, Peng D, Ming Y, Cui H, Liu Y. The applications of functional materials-based nano-formulations in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammation-related diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1222642. [PMID: 37593176 PMCID: PMC10427346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1222642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation, in general, refers to systemic immune abnormalities most often caused by the environment or lifestyle, which is the basis for various skin diseases, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, digestive diseases, cancer, and so on. Therapeutic strategies have focused on immunosuppression and anti-inflammation, but conventional approaches have been poor in enhancing the substantive therapeutic effect of drugs. Nanomaterials continue to attract attention for their high flexibility, durability and simplicity of preparation, as well as high profitability. Nanotechnology is used in various areas of clinical medicine, such as medical diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. However, some related problems cannot be ignored, including various cytotoxic and worsening inflammation caused by the nanomaterials themselves. This paper provides an overview of functional nanomaterial formulations for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammation-related diseases, with the intention of providing some reference for the enhancement and optimization of existing therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Ni
- Department of pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Department of pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Peng
- Department of pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Ming
- Department of pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of pharmacy, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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13
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Takenaka S, Moro H, Shimizu U, Koizumi T, Nagano K, Edanami N, Ohkura N, Domon H, Terao Y, Noiri Y. Preparing of Point-of-Care Reagents for Risk Assessment in the Elderly at Home by a Home-Visit Nurse and Verification of Their Analytical Accuracy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2407. [PMID: 37510151 PMCID: PMC10378029 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13142407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rising number of older adults residing at home, there is a growing need for risk assessment and patient management in home nursing. This study aims to develop point-of-care test (POCT) reagents that can aid in risk assessment and home care, especially in settings with limited resources. Our focus was on creating a C-reactive protein (CRP) POCT, which can accurately diagnose clinically significant judgment values in home nursing. Additionally, we assessed the utility of the HemoCue WBC DIFF system in providing differential counts of white blood cells (WBC). These performances were compared with a laboratory test using blood samples from patients with pneumonia. The CRP POCT showed a comparable result to that of a laboratory method, with an average kappa index of 0.883. The leukocyte count showed good agreement with the reference method. While the correlation coefficients for both neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were deemed acceptable, it was observed that the measured values tended to be smaller in cases where the cell count was higher. This proportional error indicates a weak correlation with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. CRP POCT and WBC counts provided reliable and accurate judgments. These tools may benefit risk management for older adults at home, patients with dementia who cannot communicate, and those living in depopulated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Takenaka
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Moro
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Utako Shimizu
- Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Takeshi Koizumi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Kei Nagano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Naoki Edanami
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Naoto Ohkura
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hisanori Domon
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Noiri
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
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14
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Cui J, Sun R, Zhao X, Zhao M, Zhang X, Li Y, Wang L, Shi C, Ma C. A homogeneous hybridization magnetic biosensor based on electric field assistance for ultrafast nucleic acid detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [PMID: 37379082 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00548h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensing is a sensitive strategy widely used in the field of nucleic acid detection. However, electrochemical biosensors generally involve time-consuming and labor-intensive probe immobilization processes. In this study, an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on homogeneous hybridization in solution was designed for nucleic acid detection without probe immobilization, which is different from most biosensors. The capture probe, detection probe, and target DNA were hybridized rapidly under an electric field to form a "sandwich" structure within 90 s, and the "sandwich" hybrid could be specifically coupled to streptavidin-modified magnetic beads within 5 min. Finally, the magnetic beads were enriched by using polypyrrole (PPy)/carbon nanotube (CNT)-modified magnetic electrodes and the signal was detected by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The magnetic biosensor constructed in this study could detect targets over a good linear dynamic range spanning 100 pM to 100 nM in 400 s, while those involving conventional hybridization methods always take 2 h or more. Because of the specific binding of streptavidin and biotin, this strategy showed high specificity. Taken together, the homogenous hybridization magnetic biosensor constructed with electric field assistance presents a potential diagnostic method for rapid DNA detection and provides a new idea for rapid nucleic acid detection in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Ritong Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
| | - Mingyuan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
| | - Yong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Chao Shi
- Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Testing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, College of Life Sciences, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Clinical Laboratory Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Cuiping Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
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15
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Fragão-Marques M, Ozben T. Digital transformation and sustainability in healthcare and clinical laboratories. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:627-633. [PMID: 36473150 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare, and in particular, clinical laboratories, are major contributors to carbon emissions and waste. Sustainability in healthcare has shifted from an environmental concern towards a holistic definition that includes balancing socio-ecological and socio-technical systems, including health services effectiveness and cost efficiency. Digital transformation can reduce waste and the cost of services by enhancing effectiveness while maintaining quality. Digital health interventions can provide personalized patient-centered care on a global scale and include decision support systems that have the potential to improve the performance and quality of healthcare. The right interfaces must be used so that the advantages of going digital are felt throughout the health system: a successful and sustainable implementation of digital innovation depends on its integration into a functional health ecosystem. Telehealth has the potential to reduce carbon emissions due to the reduced daily commute of health professionals, although research is limited. Recently, economic models have changed from the linear "take-make-dispose" to circular models based on recycling and upcycling that have the goal of keeping products, components, and materials at their highest utility and value. The previous linear models threaten human health and well-being and harm natural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Fragão-Marques
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,São João University Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tomris Ozben
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkiye.,Medical Faculty, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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16
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An innovative wireless electrochemical card sensor for field-deployable diagnostics of Hepatitis B surface antigen. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3523. [PMID: 36864072 PMCID: PMC9981757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A wireless-based detection utilizing an innovative electrochemical card (eCard) sensor controlled by a smartphone was developed for targeting Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). A simple label-free electrochemical platform allows a convenient operation for point-of-care diagnosis. A disposable screen-printed carbon electrode was modified straightforwardly layer-by-layer with chitosan followed by glutaraldehyde, allowing a simple but effective, reproducible, and stable method for covalently immobilizing antibodies. The modification and immobilization processes were verified by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The smartphone-based eCard sensor was used to quantify HBsAg by measuring the change in current response of the [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- redox couple before and after the presence of HBsAg. Under the optimal conditions, the linear calibration curve for HBsAg was found to be 10-100,000 IU/mL with a detection limit of 9.55 IU/mL. The HBsAg eCard sensor was successfully applied to detect 500 chronic HBV-infected serum samples with satisfactory results, demonstrating the excellent applicability of this system. The sensitivity and specificity of this sensing platform were found to be 97.75% and 93%, respectively. As illustrated, the proposed eCard immunosensor offered a rapid, sensitive, selective, and easy-to-use platform for healthcare providers to rapidly determine the infection status of HBV patients.
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17
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Insights into the Relationship between Pentraxin-3 and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315302. [PMID: 36499628 PMCID: PMC9739619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer can be cured if detected early and treated effectively, it is still a leading cause of death worldwide. Tumor development can be limited by an appropiate immune response, but it can be promoted by chronic extensive inflammation through metabolic dysregulation and angiogenesis. In the past decade, numerous efforts have been made in order to identify novel candidates with predictive values in cancer diagnostics. In line with this, researchers have investigated the involvement of pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) in cellular proliferation and immune escape in various types of cancers, although it has not been clearly elucidated. PTX-3 is a member of the long pentraxin subfamily which plays an important role in regulating inflammation, innate immunity response, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Increased synthesis of inflammatory biomarkers and activation of different cellular mechanisms can induce PTX-3 expression in various types of cells (neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, myeloid dendritic cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells). PTX-3 has both pro- and anti-tumor functions, thus dual functions in oncogenesis. This review elucidates the potential usefulness of PTX-3 as a serum biomarker in cancer. While future investigations are needed, PTX-3 is emerging as a promising tool for cancer's diagnosis and prognosis, and also treatment monitoring.
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