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Dikmen H, Goktas H, Demirbas F, Kayacan S, Ispirli H, Arici M, Turker M, Sagdic O, Dertli E. Multilocus sequence typing of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus strains from Turkish traditional yoghurts and characterisation of their techno-functional roles. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:625-635. [PMID: 38274192 PMCID: PMC10805743 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus strains from traditional Turkish yoghurts were isolated, identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and genotypically 14 S. thermophilus and 6 L. bulgaricus strains were obtained as distinct strains by MLST analysis. Lactic acid production levels of the L. bulgaricus strains were higher than S. thermophilus strains. HPLC analysis showed that EPS monosaccharide composition of the strains mainly consisted of glucose and galactose. In general, all strains were found to be susceptible for antibiotics, except some strains were resistance to gentamicin and kanamycin. Apart from two strains of S. thermophilus, all strains displayed strong auto-aggregation level greater than 95% at 24 h incubation. S. thermophilus strains showed higher cell surface hydrophobicity than L. bulgaricus strains. This study demonstrated the isolation, identification, genotypic discrimination and techno-functional features of wild type yoghurt starter cultures which can potentially find place in industrial applications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01366-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Dikmen
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hamza Goktas
- Food Technology Programme, Vocational School, Istinye University, Topkapi Campus, Zeytinburnu, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatmanur Demirbas
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selma Kayacan
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Humeyra Ispirli
- Central Research Laboratory, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Arici
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Osman Sagdic
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Enes Dertli
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kim E, Cho EJ, Yang SM, Kim HY. Identification and Monitoring of Lactobacillus delbrueckii Subspecies Using Pangenomic-Based Novel Genetic Markers. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:280-289. [PMID: 33144553 PMCID: PMC9705890 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2009.09034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genetic markers currently used for the discrimination of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies have low efficiency for identification at subspecies level. Therefore, our objective in this study was to select novel genetic markers for accurate identification and discrimination of six L. delbrueckii subspecies based on pangenome analysis. We evaluated L. delbrueckii genomes to avoid making incorrect conclusions in the process of selecting genetic markers due to mislabeled genomes. Genome analysis showed that two genomes of L. delbrueckii subspecies deposited at NCBI were misidentified. Based on these results, subspecies-specific genetic markers were selected by comparing the core and pangenomes. Genetic markers were confirmed to be specific for 59,196,562 genome sequences via in silico analysis. They were found in all strains of the same subspecies, but not in other subspecies or bacterial strains. These genetic markers also could be used to accurately identify genomes at the subspecies level for genomes known at the species level. A real-time PCR method for detecting three main subspecies (L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii, lactis, and bulgaricus) was developed to cost-effectively identify them using genetic markers. Results showed 100% specificity for each subspecies. These genetic markers could differentiate each subspecies from 44 other lactic acid bacteria. This real-time PCR method was then applied to monitor 26 probiotics and dairy products. It was also used to identify 64 unknown strains isolated from raw milk samples and dairy products. Results confirmed that unknown isolates and subspecies contained in the product could be accurately identified using this real-time PCR method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiseul Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Cho
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yang
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Yeong Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-31-201-2123 Fax: +82-31-204-8116 E-mail:
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Bioactive Compounds Produced by the Accompanying Microflora in Bulgarian Yoghurt. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bulgarian yoghurt is associated with health benefits and longevity of consumers. The specific microflora producing bioactive metabolites is responsible for this effect. The present study examines the biodiversity in four homemade yoghurts from regions containing endemic microflora. Metagenome sequencing indicated Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were predominant in all samples. In addition, yoghurts contained accompanying lactic acid bacteria (LAB) including Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, Lb. helveticus, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Lb. rhamnosus, Lactococcus lactis, Pediococcus acidilactici, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and Leuc. pseudomesenteroides. A negligible amount of pollutant strains was found. Twenty-four LAB strains were isolated from the yoghurts and identified. Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strains were genotyped by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA–PCR (RAPD), multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), which demonstrated their uniqueness and non-commercial origin. To estimate the bioactive metabolites produced by the accompanying microflora, yoghurts fermented by single LAB strains were analyzed using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The fermented samples contained large amounts of free essential amino acids (arginine, citrulline, tryptophan, lysine, and histidine), the neuroprotector indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), and significant quantities of the cyclic antimicrobial peptides cyclo(phenylalanyl-prolyl) and cyclo(leucyloprolyl). The disclosure of these special qualities draws attention to the accompanying microflora as a source of potential probiotic strains that can fortify the yoghurts’ content with bioactive compounds.
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Song Y, Sun Z, Guo C, Wu Y, Liu W, Yu J, Menghe B, Yang R, Zhang H. Genetic diversity and population structure of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus isolated from naturally fermented dairy foods. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22704. [PMID: 26940047 PMCID: PMC4778129 DOI: 10.1038/srep22704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus is one of the most widely used starter culture strains in industrial fermented dairy manufacture. It is also common in naturally fermented dairy foods made using traditional methods. The subsp. bulgaricus strains found in naturally fermented foods may be useful for improving current industrial starter cultures; however, little is known regarding its genetic diversity and population structure. Here, a collection of 298 L. delbrueckii strains from naturally fermented products in Mongolia, Russia, and West China was analyzed by multi-locus sequence typing based on eight conserved genes. The 251 confirmed subsp. bulgaricus strains produced 106 unique sequence types, the majority of which were assigned to five clonal complexes (CCs). The geographical distribution of CCs was uneven, with CC1 dominated by Mongolian and Russian isolates, and CC2–CC5 isolates exclusively from Xinjiang, China. Population structure analysis suggested six lineages, L1–L6, with various homologous recombination rates. Although L2–L5 were mainly restricted within specific regions, strains belonging to L1 and L6 were observed in diverse regions, suggesting historical transmission events. These results greatly enhance our knowledge of the population diversity of subsp. bulgaricus strains, and suggest that strains from CC1 and L4 may be useful as starter strains in industrial fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Song
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of China, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of China, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Chenyi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yarong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of China, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of China, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Bilige Menghe
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of China, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Education Ministry of China, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
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Yılmaz R, Temiz A, Açık L, Çelebi Keskin A. Genetic Differentiation ofLactobacillus delbrueckiisubsp.bulgaricusandStreptococcus thermophilusStrains Isolated from Raw Milk Samples Collected from Different Regions of Turkey. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2015.1092091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Herbel S, Lauzat B, von Nickisch-Rosenegk M, Kuhn M, Murugaiyan J, Wieler L, Guenther S. Species-specific quantification of probiotic lactobacilli in yoghurt by quantitative real-time PCR. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 115:1402-10. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.R. Herbel
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - B. Lauzat
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | | | - M. Kuhn
- CONGEN Biotechnologie GmbH; Berlin Germany
| | - J. Murugaiyan
- Institute of Animal and Environmental Hygiene; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - L.H. Wieler
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - S. Guenther
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
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Adimpong DB, Nielsen DS, Sørensen KI, Vogensen FK, Sawadogo-Lingani H, Derkx PMF, Jespersen L. Lactobacillus delbrueckii
subsp. jakobsenii subsp. nov., isolated from dolo wort, an alcoholic fermented beverage in Burkina Faso. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:3720-3726. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.048769-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus delbrueckii
is divided into five subspecies based on phenotypic and genotypic differences. A novel isolate, designated ZN7a-9T, was isolated from malted sorghum wort used for making an alcoholic beverage (dolo) in Burkina Faso. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, DNA–DNA hybridization and peptidoglycan cell-wall structure type analyses indicated that it belongs to the species
L. delbrueckii
. The genome sequence of isolate ZN7a-9T was determined by Illumina-based sequencing. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and split-decomposition analyses were performed on seven concatenated housekeeping genes obtained from the genome sequence of strain ZN7a-9T together with 41 additional
L. delbrueckii
strains. The results of the MLST and split-decomposition analyses could not establish the exact subspecies of
L. delbrueckii
represented by strain ZN7a-9T as it clustered with
L. delbrueckii
strains unassigned to any of the recognized subspecies of
L. delbrueckii
. Strain ZN7a-9T additionally differed from the recognized type strains of the subspecies of
L. delbrueckii
with respect to its carbohydrate fermentation profile. In conclusion, the cumulative results indicate that strain ZN7a-9T represents a novel subspecies of
L. delbrueckii
closely related to
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis
and
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii
for which the name
Lactobacillus delbrueckii
subsp. jakobsenii subsp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ZN7a-9T = DSM 26046T = LMG 27067T.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Adimpong
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Discovery Department, 10-12 Bøge Allé, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Food Science, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Dennis S. Nielsen
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Food Science, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Kim I. Sørensen
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Discovery Department, 10-12 Bøge Allé, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Finn K. Vogensen
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Food Science, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hagrétou Sawadogo-Lingani
- Département Technologie Alimentaire/IRSAT/CNRST, 03 BP 7047, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Food Science, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Patrick M. F. Derkx
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Discovery Department, 10-12 Bøge Allé, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Lene Jespersen
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Food Science, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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