1
|
André A, Hecht K, Mischler S, Stäheli L, Kerhanaj F, Buller R, Kinner M, Freimüller Leischtfeld S, Chetschik I, Miescher Schwenninger S, Müller N. A new physical and biological strategy to reduce the content of zearalenone in infected wheat kernels: the effect of cold needle perforation, microorganisms, and purified enzyme. Food Res Int 2024; 186:114364. [PMID: 38729726 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
With the aim of reintroducing wheat grains naturally contaminated with mycotoxins into the food value chain, a decontamination strategy was developed in this study. For this purpose, in a first step, the whole wheat kernels were pre-treated using cold needle perforation. The pore size was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and the accessibility of enzymes and microorganisms determined using fluorescent markers in the size range of enzymes (5 nm) and microorganisms (10 μm), and fluorescent microscopy. The perforated wheat grains, as well as non-perforated grains as controls, were then incubated with selected microorganisms (Bacillus megaterium Myk145 and B. licheniformis MA572) or with the enzyme ZHD518. The two bacilli strains were not able to significantly reduce the amount of zearalenone (ZEA), neither in the perforated nor in the non-perforated wheat kernels in comparison with the controls. In contrast, the enzyme ZHD518 significantly reduced the initial concentration of ZEA in the perforated and non-perforated wheat kernels in comparison with controls. Moreover, in vitro incubation of ZHD518 with ZEA showed the presence of two non-estrogenic degradation products of ZEA: hydrolysed zearalenone (HZEA) and decarboxylated hydrolysed ZEA (DHZEA). In addition, the physical pre-treatment led to a reduction in detectable mycotoxin contents in a subset of samples. Overall, this study emphasizes the promising potential of combining physical pre-treatment approaches with biological decontamination solutions in order to address the associated problem of mycotoxin contamination and food waste reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine André
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Einsiedlerstrasse 35, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
| | - Katrin Hecht
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Mischler
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Einsiedlerstrasse 35, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Luca Stäheli
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Einsiedlerstrasse 35, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Fllanza Kerhanaj
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Buller
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Kinner
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Einsiedlerstrasse 35, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Susette Freimüller Leischtfeld
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Einsiedlerstrasse 35, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Irene Chetschik
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Einsiedlerstrasse 35, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Miescher Schwenninger
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Einsiedlerstrasse 35, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Nadina Müller
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department for Life Sciences und Facility Management, Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Einsiedlerstrasse 35, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xiao J, Tan J, Guo R, Dai J, Xiu Z, Sun Y, Liu H, Li Y, Tong Y, Quan C. Deoxynivalenol Detoxification by a Novel Strain of Pichia kudriavzevii via Enzymatic Degradation and Cell Wall Adsorption. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:3102-3114. [PMID: 37624506 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that significantly threatens the food and feed industry. Corn steep liquor (CSL) is an acidic byproduct of the corn starch industry, and DON is concentrated in CSL once the material is contaminated. In this work, a Pichia kudriavzevii strain that could remove DON from CSL was isolated and characterized. The strain P. kudriavzevii E4-205 showed detoxifying activity in a pH range of 4.0~7.0 and temperature of 25~42 °C, and 39.4% DON was reduced by incubating this strain in CSL supernatant diluted by 2-fold (5 μg/mL DON) for 48 h at pH 5.0 and 30 °C. Further mechanism studies showed that P. kudriavzevii E4-205 could adsorb DON by the cell wall and degrade DON by intracellular enzymes with NADH as a cofactor. The degradation product was identified as 3,7,8,15-tetrahydroxyscirpene by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. DON adsorption by inactivated cells was characterized, and the adsorption followed pseudo first-order kinetics. This study revealed a novel mechanism by which microbes degrade DON and might serve as a guide for the development of DON biological detoxification methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xiao
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Tan
- COFCO Nutrition & Health Research Institute, Beijing, 102209, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyi Guo
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Dai
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhilong Xiu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Sun
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Liu
- Jilin COFCO Biochemistry Co., Ltd., National Engineering Research Center of Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Jilin COFCO Biochemistry Co., Ltd., National Engineering Research Center of Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Tong
- Jilin COFCO Biochemistry Co., Ltd., National Engineering Research Center of Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunshan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116650, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Zhao D, Zhang W, Wang S, Wu Y, Wang S, Yang Y, Guo B. Four PQQ-Dependent Alcohol Dehydrogenases Responsible for the Oxidative Detoxification of Deoxynivalenol in a Novel Bacterium Ketogulonicigenium vulgare D3_3 Originated from the Feces of Tenebrio molitor Larvae. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:367. [PMID: 37368668 PMCID: PMC10301637 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is frequently detected in cereals and cereal-based products and has a negative impact on human and animal health. In this study, an unprecedented DON-degrading bacterial isolate D3_3 was isolated from a sample of Tenebrio molitor larva feces. A 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis and genome-based average nucleotide identity comparison clearly revealed that strain D3_3 belonged to the species Ketogulonicigenium vulgare. This isolate D3_3 could efficiently degrade 50 mg/L of DON under a broad range of conditions, such as pHs of 7.0-9.0 and temperatures of 18-30 °C, as well as during aerobic or anaerobic cultivation. 3-keto-DON was identified as the sole and finished DON metabolite using mass spectrometry. In vitro toxicity tests revealed that 3-keto-DON had lower cytotoxicity to human gastric epithelial cells and higher phytotoxicity to Lemna minor than its parent mycotoxin DON. Additionally, four genes encoding pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases in the genome of isolate D3_3 were identified as being responsible for the DON oxidation reaction. Overall, as a highly potent DON-degrading microbe, a member of the genus Ketogulonicigenium is reported for the first time in this study. The discovery of this DON-degrading isolate D3_3 and its four dehydrogenases will allow microbial strains and enzyme resources to become available for the future development of DON-detoxifying agents for food and animal feed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Donglei Zhao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Songshan Wang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Yu Wu
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Songxue Wang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Yongtan Yang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Baoyuan Guo
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang Y, Xiao D, Liu C. Two-Step Epimerization of Deoxynivalenol by Quinone-Dependent Dehydrogenase and Candida parapsilosis ACCC 20221. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15040286. [PMID: 37104224 PMCID: PMC10146952 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15040286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the main mycotoxins with enteric toxicity, genetic toxicity, and immunotoxicity, and is widely found in corn, barley, wheat, and rye. In order to achieve effective detoxification of DON, the least toxic 3-epi-DON (1/357th of the toxicity of DON) was chosen as the target for degradation. Quinone-dependent dehydrogenase (QDDH) reported from Devosia train D6-9 detoxifies DON by converting C3-OH to a ketone group with toxicity of less than 1/10 that of DON. In this study, the recombinant plasmid pPIC9K-QDDH was constructed and successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. Within 12 h, recombinant QDDH converted 78.46% of the 20 μg/mL DON to 3-keto-DON. Candida parapsilosis ACCC 20221 was screened for its activity in reducing 86.59% of 3-keto-DON within 48 h; its main products were identified as 3-epi-DON and DON. In addition, a two-step method was performed for epimerizing DON: 12 h catalysis by recombinant QDDH and 6 h transformation of the C. parapsilosis ACCC 20221 cell catalyst. The production rates of 3-keto-DON and 3-epi-DON were 51.59% and 32.57%, respectively, after manipulation. Through this study, effective detoxification of 84.16% of DON was achieved, with the products being mainly 3-keto-DON and 3-epi-DON.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Tang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wu Shan, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dingna Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wu Shan, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chendi Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wu Shan, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li B, Duan J, Ren J, Francis F, Li G. Isolation and Characterization of Two New Deoxynivalenol-Degrading Strains, Bacillus sp. HN117 and Bacillus sp. N22. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14110781. [PMID: 36356030 PMCID: PMC9693629 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), produced by Fusarium species, is one of the most common trichothecenes detected in cereals pre- and post-harvest, which poses a great threat to the health of livestock and human beings due to its strong toxicity. In this study, we isolated and characterized two DON-degrading bacterial strains, Bacillus sp. HN117 and Bacillus sp. N22. Both strains could degrade DON efficiently in a wide range of temperatures (from 25 °C to 42 °C) and concentrations (from 10 mg/L to 500 mg/L). After optimization of the degradation conditions, 29.0% DON was eliminated by HN117 in 72 h when it was incubated with 1000 mg/L DON; meanwhile, the DON degradation rate of N22 was boosted notably from 7.41% to 21.21% within 120 h at 500 mg/L DON. Degradation products analysis indicated HN117 was able to transform DON into a new isomer M-DOM, the possible structure of which was deduced based on LC-MS and NMR analysis, and N22 could convert DON into potential low-toxic derivatives norDON E and 9-hydroxymethyl DON lactone. These two strains have the potential to be developed as new biodegrading agents to control DON contamination in food and feed industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests—Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agri-Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jiaqi Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests—Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agri-Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jie Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests—Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agri-Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Frédéric Francis
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Guangyue Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests—Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agri-Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (G.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
A new methodology for the analysis of total deoxynivalenol, dissolved and adsorbed on cell walls, in microbiological culture assays. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
7
|
Deoxynivalenol: An Overview on Occurrence, Chemistry, Biosynthesis, Health Effects and Its Detection, Management, and Control Strategies in Food and Feed. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres13020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are fungi-produced secondary metabolites that can contaminate many foods eaten by humans and animals. Deoxynivalenol (DON), which is formed by Fusarium, is one of the most common occurring predominantly in cereal grains and thus poses a significant health risk. When DON is ingested, it can cause both acute and chronic toxicity. Acute signs include abdominal pain, anorexia, diarrhea, increased salivation, vomiting, and malaise. The most common effects of chronic DON exposure include changes in dietary efficacy, weight loss, and anorexia. This review provides a succinct overview of various sources, biosynthetic mechanisms, and genes governing DON production, along with its consequences on human and animal health. It also covers the effect of environmental factors on its production with potential detection, management, and control strategies.
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu M, Zhao L, Gong G, Zhang L, Shi L, Dai J, Han Y, Wu Y, Khalil MM, Sun L. Invited review: Remediation strategies for mycotoxin control in feed. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:19. [PMID: 35090579 PMCID: PMC8796454 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of different species of fungi. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) are the main mycotoxins contaminating animal feedstuffs. These mycotoxins can primarily induce hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, consequently cause adverse effects on the health and performance of animals. Therefore, physical, chemical, biological and nutritional regulation approaches have been developed as primary strategies for the decontamination and detoxification of these mycotoxins in the feed industry. Meanwhile, each of these techniques has its drawbacks, including inefficient, costly, or impractically applied on large scale. This review summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the different remediation strategies, as well as updates of the research progress of these strategies for AFB1, DON, ZEN and FB1 control in the feed industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Guoxin Gong
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Jiefan Dai
- Department of Agriculture of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanming Han
- Trouw Nutrition, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Trouw Nutrition, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Mahmoud Mohamed Khalil
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Banha, 13736, Egypt
| | - Lvhui Sun
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pinto ACSM, De Pierri CR, Evangelista AG, Gomes ASDLPB, Luciano FB. Deoxynivalenol: Toxicology, Degradation by Bacteria, and Phylogenetic Analysis. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14020090. [PMID: 35202118 PMCID: PMC8876347 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by fungi that contaminates many crops, mainly wheat, maize, and barley. It affects animal health, causing intestinal barrier impairment and immunostimulatory effect in low doses and emesis, reduction in feed conversion rate, and immunosuppression in high doses. As it is very hard to completely avoid DON’s production in the field, mitigatory methods have been developed. Biodegradation has become a promising method as new microorganisms are studied and new enzymatic routes are described. Understanding the common root of bacteria with DON degradation capability and the relationship with their place of isolation may bring insights for more effective ways to find DON-degrading microorganisms. The purpose of this review is to bring an overview of the occurrence, regulation, metabolism, and toxicology of DON as addressed in recent publications focusing on animal production, as well as to explore the enzymatic routes described for DON’s degradation by microorganisms and the phylogenetic relationship among them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Caroline Schoch Marques Pinto
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 1155 Imaculada Conceição Street, Prado Velho, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil; (A.C.S.M.P.); (A.G.E.); (A.S.d.L.P.B.G.)
| | - Camilla Reginatto De Pierri
- Graduate Program in Sciences—Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, 100 Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos Avenue, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba 81530-000, Brazil;
| | - Alberto Gonçalves Evangelista
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 1155 Imaculada Conceição Street, Prado Velho, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil; (A.C.S.M.P.); (A.G.E.); (A.S.d.L.P.B.G.)
| | - Ana Silvia de Lara Pires Batista Gomes
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 1155 Imaculada Conceição Street, Prado Velho, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil; (A.C.S.M.P.); (A.G.E.); (A.S.d.L.P.B.G.)
| | - Fernando Bittencourt Luciano
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 1155 Imaculada Conceição Street, Prado Velho, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil; (A.C.S.M.P.); (A.G.E.); (A.S.d.L.P.B.G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Piotrowska M. Microbiological Decontamination of Mycotoxins: Opportunities and Limitations. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110819. [PMID: 34822603 PMCID: PMC8619243 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The contamination of food and feeds with mycotoxins poses a global health risk to humans and animals, with major economic consequences. Good agricultural and manufacturing practices can help control mycotoxin contamination. Since these actions are not always effective, several methods of decontamination have also been developed, including physical, chemical, and biological methods. Biological decontamination using microorganisms has revealed new opportunities. However, these biological methods require legal regulations and more research before they can be used in food production. Currently, only selected biological methods are acceptable for the decontamination of feed. This review discusses the literature on the use of microorganisms to remove mycotoxins and presents their possible mechanisms of action. Special attention is given to Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and lactic acid bacteria, and the use of yeast cell wall derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Piotrowska
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Średnicka P, Juszczuk-Kubiak E, Wójcicki M, Akimowicz M, Roszko MŁ. Probiotics as a biological detoxification tool of food chemical contamination: A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112306. [PMID: 34058235 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, people are exposed to diverse environmental and chemical pollutants produced by industry and agriculture. Food contaminations such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), heavy metals, and mycotoxins are a serious concern for global food safety with economic and public health implications especially in the newly industrialized countries (NIC). Mounting evidence indicates that chronic exposure to food contaminants referred to as xenobiotics exert a negative effect on human health such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal disorders linked with perturbation of the composition and metabolic profile of the gut microflora. Although the physicochemical technologies for food decontamination are utilized in many cases but require adequate conditions which are often not feasible to be met in many industrial sectors. At present, one promising approach to reduce the risk related to the presence of xenobiotics in foodstuffs is a biological detoxification done by probiotic strains and their enzymes. Many studies confirmed that probiotics are an effective, feasible, and inexpensive tool for preventing xenobiotic-induced dysbiosis and alleviating their toxicity. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of the direct mechanisms by which probiotics can influence the detoxification of xenobiotics. Moreover, probiotic-xenobiotic interactions with the gut microbiota and the host response were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Średnicka
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Engineering, Department of Microbiology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Engineering, Department of Microbiology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Michał Wójcicki
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Engineering, Department of Microbiology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Akimowicz
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Engineering, Department of Microbiology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Ł Roszko
- Department of Food Safety and Chemical Analysis, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Feizollahi E, Roopesh MS. Mechanisms of deoxynivalenol (DON) degradation during different treatments: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5903-5924. [PMID: 33729830 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1895056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the main trichothecenes, that causes health-related issues in humans and animals and imposes considerable financial loss to the food industry each year. Numerous treatments have been reported in the literature on the degradation of DON in food products. These treatments include thermal, chemical, biological/enzymatic, irradiation, light, ultrasound, ozone, and atmospheric cold plasma treatments. Each of these methods has different degradation efficacy and degrades DON by a distinct mechanism, which leads to various degradation byproducts with different toxicity. This manuscript focuses to review the degradation of DON by the aforementioned treatments, the chemical structure and toxicity of the byproducts, and the degradation pathway of DON. Based on the type of treatment, DON can be degraded to norDONs A-F, DON lactones, and ozonolysis products or transformed into de-epoxy deoxynivalenol, DON-3-glucoside, 3-acetyl-DON, 7-acetyl-DON, 15-acetyl-DON, 3-keto-DON, or 3-epi-DON. DON is a major problem for the grain industry and the studies focusing on DON degradation mechanisms could be helpful to select the best method and overcome the DON contamination in grains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Feizollahi
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - M S Roopesh
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|