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Brugnerotto P, Fuente-Ballesteros A, Martín-Gómez B, María Ares A, Valdemiro Gonzaga L, Fett R, Carolina Oliveira Costa A, Bernal J. Free amino acid profile in Mimosa scabrella honeydew honey from Brazil and chemometric analysis for geographical discrimination. Food Res Int 2024; 177:113856. [PMID: 38225122 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
In this study, twenty free amino acids (FAA) were investigated in samples of bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella) honeydew honey (BHH) from Santa Catarina (n = 15) and Paraná (n = 13) states (Brazil), followed by chemometric analysis for geographic discrimination. The FAA determination was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after using a commercial EZ:faast™ kits for GC. Eight FAA were determined, being proline, asparagine, aspartic and glutamic acids found in all BHH, with significant differences (p < 0.05). In addition, with the exception of proline, the others FAA (asparagine, aspartic and glutamic) normally showed higher concentrations in samples from Santa Catarina state, being that in these samples it was also observed higher FAA sums (963.41 to 2034.73 mg kg-1) when compared to samples from Paraná state. The variability in the results did not show a clear profile of similarity when the heatmap and hierarchical grouping were correlated with the geographic origin and the concentration of eight determined FAA. However, principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that serine, asparagine, glutamic acid, and tryptophan were responsible for the geographic discrimination among samples from Santa Catarina and Paraná states, since they were the dominant variables (r > 0.72) in the PCA. Therefore, these results could be useful for the characterization and authentication of BHH based on their FAA composition and geographic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Brugnerotto
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil.
| | - Adrián Fuente-Ballesteros
- Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-Gómez
- Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana María Ares
- Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Luciano Valdemiro Gonzaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Oliveira Costa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil.
| | - José Bernal
- Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Tomczyk M, Bocian A, Sidor E, Miłek M, Zaguła G, Dżugan M. The Use of HPTLC and SDS-PAGE Methods for Coniferous Honeydew Honey Fingerprinting Compiled with Mineral Content and Antioxidant Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030720. [PMID: 35163985 PMCID: PMC8838849 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fir honeydew honey is a uniquely beneficial product which is often subjected to adulteration; however, pollen analysis is not useful to verify this honey type. Fourteen samples of EU protected designation of origin fir honeydew honey gathered directly from apiaries were studied. Standards of legal requirements and additional parameters, i.e., specific optical rotation, mineral content, and antioxidant activity, were tested. Five nectar honeys of different varieties were used as a comparative material. HPTLC and SDS-PAGE methods were used to fingerprint the honey types. All honeys tested fulfilled the quality requirements in terms of water content, pH, total acidity, conductivity, HMF, and diastase number. They were defined as dark amber on the Pfund scale and exhibited positive specific rotation (+2.5 to 25). Honeydew honey surpassed the tested nectar honeys in terms of mineral content and antioxidant activity as well as total polyphenolic content, except for buckwheat honey. The sugar and polyphenolic profile obtained by HPTLC allowed to distinguish honeydew from nectar honeys. The same was achieved by SDS-PAGE protein profiling. Both techniques seem to be cheap and quick tools for precisely distinguishing honeydew honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Tomczyk
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35–601 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.B.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-17872-17-21
| | - Aleksandra Bocian
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35–601 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.B.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (M.D.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35–959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Sidor
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35–601 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.B.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (M.D.)
- Doctoral School, University of Rzeszow, Poland, 35–959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Michał Miłek
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35–601 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.B.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Grzegorz Zaguła
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35–601 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Dżugan
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35–601 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.B.); (E.S.); (M.M.); (M.D.)
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Papanastasiou I, Kavallieratos NG, Papadoulis GT, Emmanouil C, Emmanouel NG. Geographical Distribution and Long-Term Monitoring of Physokermes hellenicus (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) on Abies spp. (Pinales: Pinaceae) in Greece. INSECTS 2021; 12:1001. [PMID: 34821801 PMCID: PMC8622177 DOI: 10.3390/insects12111001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The scale Physokermes hellenicus (Kozár & Gounari) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) has been recently included in the Greek entomofauna as a beneficial honeydew species. However, there are no adequate data about its geographical distribution and degree of infestation. Therefore, a study was conducted to examine these parameters in fifteen mountains of Greece. Furthermore, the monitoring of P. hellenicus infestation was carried out over a six-year period with regard to natural enemies and honeydew presence at three mountains (i.e., Menalon, Parnis and Tymfristos) that are traditional honeybee foraging areas. An extensive geographical distribution of the scale was negatively correlated with the latitude. Over the period of the study, P. hellenicus infestation exhibited a decreasing trend in the three mountains, which was more obvious at Menalon. The abundance of natural enemies of P. hellenicus, their effectiveness on honeydew excretion and the fecundity of P. hellenicus are discussed. The reduction in the honey produced at the Menalon mountain (a protected designation of origin product) could be attributed to the reduced presence of P. hellenicus in the fir forest. Among the other identified arthropods, Dreyfusia nordmannianae Eckstein (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) is reported for the first time infesting Abies cephalonica (Pinales: Pinaceae) in Greece. Furthermore, this species is reported for the first time as a co-parasite with P. hellenicus on A. cephalonica in Greece. Since D. nordmannianae is a serious pest, additional research is needed to determine its status in Greek fir forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosif Papanastasiou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.T.P.); (N.G.E.)
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, 56–58 Kourtidou Street and Nirvana Street, 11145 Athens, Greece
| | - Nickolas G. Kavallieratos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.T.P.); (N.G.E.)
| | - Georgios Th. Papadoulis
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.T.P.); (N.G.E.)
| | - Christina Emmanouil
- School of Spatial Planning and Development, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos G. Emmanouel
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.T.P.); (N.G.E.)
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