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Guo Z, Lin JP, Simeone O, Mills KR, Cvetkovic Z, McClelland VM. Cross-frequency cortex-muscle interactions are abnormal in young people with dystonia. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae061. [PMID: 38487552 PMCID: PMC10939448 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensory processing and sensorimotor integration are abnormal in dystonia, including impaired modulation of beta-corticomuscular coherence. However, cortex-muscle interactions in either direction are rarely described, with reports limited predominantly to investigation of linear coupling, using corticomuscular coherence or Granger causality. Information-theoretic tools such as transfer entropy detect both linear and non-linear interactions between processes. This observational case-control study applies transfer entropy to determine intra- and cross-frequency cortex-muscle coupling in young people with dystonia/dystonic cerebral palsy. Fifteen children with dystonia/dystonic cerebral palsy and 13 controls, aged 12-18 years, performed a grasp task with their dominant hand. Mechanical perturbations were provided by an electromechanical tapper. Bipolar scalp EEG over contralateral sensorimotor cortex and surface EMG over first dorsal interosseous were recorded. Multi-scale wavelet transfer entropy was applied to decompose signals into functional frequency bands of oscillatory activity and to quantify intra- and cross-frequency coupling between brain and muscle. Statistical significance against the null hypothesis of zero transfer entropy was established, setting individual 95% confidence thresholds. The proportion of individuals in each group showing significant transfer entropy for each frequency combination/direction was compared using Fisher's exact test, correcting for multiple comparisons. Intra-frequency transfer entropy was detected in all participants bidirectionally in the beta (16-32 Hz) range and in most participants from EEG to EMG in the alpha (8-16 Hz) range. Cross-frequency transfer entropy across multiple frequency bands was largely similar between groups, but a specific coupling from low-frequency EMG to beta EEG was significantly reduced in dystonia [P = 0.0061 (corrected)]. The demonstration of bidirectional cortex-muscle communication in dystonia emphasizes the value of transfer entropy for exploring neural communications in neurological disorders. The novel finding of diminished coupling from low-frequency EMG to beta EEG in dystonia suggests impaired cortical feedback of proprioceptive information with a specific frequency signature that could be relevant to the origin of the excessive low-frequency drive to muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Guo
- Department of Engineering, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jean-Pierre Lin
- Children's Neuroscience, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (GSTT), London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Osvaldo Simeone
- Department of Engineering, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Kerry R Mills
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Zoran Cvetkovic
- Department of Engineering, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Verity M McClelland
- Children's Neuroscience, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (GSTT), London SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London SE5 9RX, UK
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Delcamp C, Gasq D, Cormier C, Amarantini D. Corticomuscular and intermuscular coherence are correlated after stroke: a simplified motor control? Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad187. [PMID: 37377979 PMCID: PMC10292907 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During movement, corticomuscular coherence is a measure of central-peripheral communication, while intermuscular coherence is a measure of the amount of common central drive to the muscles. Although these two measures are modified in stroke subjects, no author has explored a correlation between them, neither in stroke subjects nor in healthy subjects. Twenty-four chronic stroke subjects and 22 healthy control subjects were included in this cohort study, and they performed 20 active elbow extension movements. The electroencephalographic and electromyographic activity of the elbow flexors and extensors were recorded. Corticomuscular and intermuscular coherence were calculated in the time-frequency domain for each limb of stroke and control subjects. Partial rank correlations were performed to study the link between these two variables. Our results showed a positive correlation between corticomuscular and intermuscular coherence only for stroke subjects, for their paretic and non-paretic limbs (P < 0.022; Rho > 0.50). These results suggest, beyond the cortical and spinal hypotheses to explain them, that stroke subjects present a form of simplification of motor control. When central-peripheral communication increases, it is less modulated and more common to the muscles involved in the active movement. This motor control simplification suggests a new way of understanding the plasticity of the neuromuscular system after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Delcamp
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - David Gasq
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
- Department of Functional Physiological Explorations, University Hospital of Toulouse, Hôpital de Rangueil, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Cormier
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
- Department of Functional Physiological Explorations, University Hospital of Toulouse, Hôpital de Rangueil, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - David Amarantini
- Correspondence to: David Amarantini Unité ToNIC, UMR 1214, CHU PURPAN – Pavillon BAUDOT Place du Dr Joseph Baylac, 31024 Toulouse Cedex 3, France E-mail:
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McClelland VM, Lin JP. Dystonia in Childhood: How Insights from Paediatric Research Enrich the Network Theory of Dystonia. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 31:1-22. [PMID: 37338693 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26220-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Dystonia is now widely accepted as a network disorder, with multiple brain regions and their interconnections playing a potential role in the pathophysiology. This model reconciles what could previously have been viewed as conflicting findings regarding the neuroanatomical and neurophysiological characteristics of the disorder, but there are still significant gaps in scientific understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. One of the greatest unmet challenges is to understand the network model of dystonia in the context of the developing brain. This article outlines how research in childhood dystonia supports and contributes to the network theory and highlights aspects where data from paediatric studies has revealed novel and unique physiological insights, with important implications for understanding dystonia across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verity M McClelland
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- Children's Neurosciences Department, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Jean-Pierre Lin
- Children's Neurosciences Department, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Women and Children's Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine (FolSM), King's College London, London, UK
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Delcamp C, Cormier C, Chalard A, Amarantini D, Gasq D. Changes in intermuscular connectivity during active elbow extension reveal a functional simplification of motor control after stroke. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:940907. [PMID: 36278013 PMCID: PMC9583396 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.940907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke alters muscle co-activation and notably leads to exaggerated antagonist co-contraction responsible for impaired motor function. However, the mechanisms underlying this exaggerated antagonist co-contraction remain unclear. To fill this gap, the analysis of oscillatory synchronicity in electromyographic signals from synergistic muscles, also called intermuscular coherence, was a relevant tool. Objective This study compares functional intermuscular connectivity between muscle pairs of the paretic and non-paretic upper limbs of stroke subjects and the dominant limb of control subjects, concomitantly between two muscle pairs with a different functional role, through an intermuscular coherence analysis. Methods Twenty-four chronic stroke subjects and twenty-four healthy control subjects were included. Subjects performed twenty elbow extensions while kinematic data and electromyographic activity of both flexor and extensor elbow muscles were recorded. Intermuscular coherence was analyzed in the beta frequency band compared to the assessment of antagonist co-contraction. Results Intermuscular coherence was higher in the stroke subjects’ paretic limbs compared to control subjects. For stroke subjects, the intermuscular coherence of the antagonist-antagonist muscle pair (biceps brachii—brachioradialis) was higher than that of the agonist-antagonist muscle pair (triceps brachii—brachioradialis). For the paretic limb, intermuscular coherence of the antagonist-antagonist muscle pair presented a negative relationship with antagonist co-contraction. Conclusion Differences in intermuscular coherence between the paretic limbs of stroke subjects and control subjects suggest a higher common central drive during movement. Furthermore, results highlight the association between stroke-related alteration of intermuscular functional connectivity and the alteration of motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Delcamp
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Cormier
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Department of Functional Physiological Explorations, University Hospital of Toulouse, Hôpital de Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandre Chalard
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- California Rehabilitation Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David Amarantini
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
- *Correspondence: David Amarantini,
| | - David Gasq
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Department of Functional Physiological Explorations, University Hospital of Toulouse, Hôpital de Rangueil, Toulouse, France
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Cerone GL, Giangrande A, Ghislieri M, Gazzoni M, Piitulainen H, Botter A. Design and validation of a wireless Body Sensor Network for integrated EEG and HD-sEMG acquisitions. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2022; 30:61-71. [PMID: 34982687 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2022.3140220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sensorimotor integration is the process through which the human brain plans the motor program execution according to external sources. Within this context, corticomuscular and corticokinematic coherence analyses are common methods to investigate the mechanism underlying the central control of muscle activation. This requires the synchronous acquisition of several physiological signals, including EEG and sEMG. Nevertheless, physical constraints of the current, mostly wired, technologies limit their application in dynamic and naturalistic contexts. In fact, although many efforts were made in the development of biomedical instrumentation for EEG and HD-sEMG signal acquisition, the need for an integrated wireless system is emerging. We hereby describe the design and validation of a new fully wireless body sensor network for the integrated acquisition of EEG and HD-sEMG signals. This Body Sensor Network is composed of wireless bio-signal acquisition modules, named sensor units, and a set of synchronization modules used as a general-purpose system for time-locked recordings. The system was characterized in terms of accuracy of the synchronization and quality of the collected signals. An in-depth characterization of the entire system and an end-to-end comparison of the wireless EEG sensor unit with a wired benchmark EEG device were performed. The proposed device represents an advancement of the State-of-the-Art technology allowing the integrated acquisition of EEG and HD-sEMG signals for the study of sensorimotor integration.
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Du S, Yu Q, Dai W, McClelland V, Cvetkovic Z. Dictionary Learning Strategies for Cortico-Muscular Coherence Detection and Estimation. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2021; 2021:240-244. [PMID: 34891281 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The spectral method of cortico-muscular coherence (CMC) can reveal the communication patterns between the cerebral cortex and muscle periphery, thus providing guidelines for the development of new therapies for movement disorders and insights into fundamental motor neuroscience. The method is applied to electroencephalogram (EEG) and surface electromyogram (sEMG) recorded synchronously during a motor task. However, synchronous EEG and sEMG components are typically too weak compared to additive noise and background activities making significant coherence very difficult to detect. Dictionary learning and sparse representation have been proved effective in enhancing CMC levels. In this paper, we explore the potential of a recently proposed dictionary learning algorithm in combination with an improved component selection algorithm for CMC enhancement. The effectiveness of the method was demonstrated using neurophysiological data where it achieved considerable improvements in CMC levels.
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Guo Z, McClelland VM, Cvetkovic Z. Unravelling Causal Relationships Between Cortex and Muscle with Errors-in-variables Models. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2021; 2021:967-970. [PMID: 34890320 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Corticomuscular communications are commonly estimated by Granger causality (GC) or directed coherence, with the aim of assessing the linear causal relationship between electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) signals. However, conventional GC based on standard linear regression (LR) models may be substantially underestimated in the presence of noise in both EEG and EMG signals: some healthy subjects with good motor skills show no significant GC. In this study, errors-in-variables (EIV) models are investigated for the purpose of estimating underlying linear time-invariant systems in the context of GC. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using both simulated data and neurophysiological recordings, and compared with conventional GC. It is demonstrated that the inferred EIV-based causality offers an advantage over typical LR-based GC when detecting communication between the cortex and periphery using noisy EMG and EEG signals.
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Koseki T, Kudo D, Katagiri N, Nanba S, Nito M, Tanabe S, Yamaguchi T. Electrical stimulation of the common peroneal nerve and its effects on the relationship between corticomuscular coherence and motor control in healthy adults. BMC Neurosci 2021; 22:61. [PMID: 34645385 PMCID: PMC8513252 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-021-00665-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sensory input via neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) may contribute to synchronization between motor cortex and spinal motor neurons and motor performance improvement in healthy adults and stroke patients. However, the optimal NMES parameters used to enhance physiological activity and motor performance remain unclear. In this study, we focused on sensory feedback induced by a beta-band frequency NMES (β-NMES) based on corticomuscular coherence (CMC) and investigated the effects of β-NMES on CMC and steady-state of isometric ankle dorsiflexion in healthy volunteers. Twenty-four participants received β-NMES at the peak beta-band CMC or fixed NMES (f-NMES) at 100 Hz on different days. NMES was applied to the right part of the common peroneal nerve for 20 min. The stimulation intensity was 95% of the motor threshold with a pulse width of 1 ms. The beta-band CMC and the coefficient of variation of force (Force CV) were assessed during isometric ankle dorsiflexion for 2 min. In the complementary experiment, we applied β-NMES to 14 participants and assessed beta-band CMC and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Results No significant changes in the means of beta-band CMC, Force CV, and MEPs were observed before and after NMES conditions. Changes in beta-band CMC were correlated to (a) changes in Force CV immediately, at 10 min, and at 20 min after β-NMES (all cases, p < 0.05) and (b) changes in MEPs immediately after β-NMES (p = 0.01). No correlations were found after f-NMES. Conclusions Our results suggest that the sensory input via NMES was inadequate to change the beta-band CMC, corticospinal excitability, and voluntary motor output. Whereas, the β-NMES affects the relationship between changes in beta-band CMC, Force CV, and MEPs. These findings may provide the information to develop NMES parameters for neurorehabilitation in patients with motor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadaki Koseki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 260 Kamiyanagi, Yamagata, 990-2212, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kudo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 260 Kamiyanagi, Yamagata, 990-2212, Japan
| | - Natsuki Katagiri
- Department of Physical Therapy, Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 260 Kamiyanagi, Yamagata, 990-2212, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Nanba
- Department of Physical Therapy, Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 260 Kamiyanagi, Yamagata, 990-2212, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Nito
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Shigeo Tanabe
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Yamaguchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 260 Kamiyanagi, Yamagata, 990-2212, Japan. .,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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Guo Z, McClelland VM, Simeone O, Mills KR, Cvetkovic Z. Multiscale Wavelet Transfer Entropy with Application to Corticomuscular Coupling Analysis. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2021; 69:771-782. [PMID: 34398749 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2021.3104969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Functional coupling between the motor cortex and muscle activity is commonly detected and quantified by cortico-muscular coherence (CMC) or Granger causality (GC) analysis, which are applicable only to linear couplings and are not sufficiently sensitive: some healthy subjects show no significant CMC and GC, and yet have good motor skills. The objective of this work is to develop measures of functional cortico-muscular coupling that have improved sensitivity and are capable of detecting both linear and non-linear interactions. METHODS A multiscale wavelet transfer entropy (TE) methodology is proposed. The methodology relies on a dyadic stationary wavelet transform to decompose electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) signals into functional bands of neural oscillations. Then, it applies TE analysis based on a range of embedding delay vectors to detect and quantify intra- and cross-frequency band cortico-muscular coupling at different time scales. RESULTS Our experiments with neurophysiological signals substantiate the potential of the developed methodologies for detecting and quantifying information flow between EEG and EMG signals for subjects with and without significant CMC or GC, including non-linear cross-frequency interactions, and interactions across different temporal scales. The obtained results are in agreement with the underlying sensorimotor neurophysiology. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the concept of multiscale wavelet TE provides a comprehensive framework for analyzing cortex-muscle interactions. SIGNIFICANCE The proposed methodologies will enable developing novel insights into movement control and neurophysiological processes more generally.
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Liu X, Zhou M, Geng Y, Meng L, Wan H, Ren H, Zhang X, Dai C, Chen W, Ye X. Changes in synchronization of the motor unit in muscle fatigue condition during the dynamic and isometric contraction in the Biceps Brachii muscle. Neurosci Lett 2021; 761:136101. [PMID: 34237415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The fatigue-induced neuromuscular mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. So far, the macroscopic mechanism using global surface electromyogram (sEMG) has been widely investigated. However, the microscopic mechanism using high-level neural information based on motor unit (MU) spike train from the spinal cord lacks attention, especially for the conditions under dynamic contraction task. The synchronization of the MU spike train is generally assumed to be an excellent indicator to represent the activities of spinal nerves. Accordingly, this study employed synchronization of MU spike train decomposed from high-density sEMG (HD-sEMG) to investigate the fatigue condition in muscular contractions within the Biceps Brachii muscle under both isometric and dynamic contraction tasks, giving a complete picture of the microscopic fatigue mechanism. We compared the synchronization of MU in Delta (1-4 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), Beta (15-30 Hz), and Gamma (30-60 Hz) frequency bands during the fatigue condition induced by different contractions. Our results showed that MU synchronization increased significantly (p<0.05) in all frequency bands across the two contraction tasks. The results indicate that the microscopic fatigue mechanism of Biceps Brachii muscle does not vary due to different contraction tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Liu
- School of Art Design and Media, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Meiyu Zhou
- School of Art Design and Media, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yanjuan Geng
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
| | - Long Meng
- School of Information and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huiying Wan
- School of Information and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haoran Ren
- School of Information and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chenyun Dai
- School of Information and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Information and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinming Ye
- School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Compression Sleeve Changes Corticomuscular Connectivity and Sensorimotor Function. J Med Biol Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-021-00601-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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McClelland VM, Cvetkovic Z, Lin JP, Mills KR, Brown P. Abnormal patterns of corticomuscular and intermuscular coherence in childhood dystonia. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:967-977. [PMID: 32067914 PMCID: PMC7083222 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sensorimotor processing is abnormal in Idiopathic/Genetic dystonias, but poorly studied in Acquired dystonias. Beta-Corticomuscular coherence (CMC) quantifies coupling between oscillatory electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) activity and is modulated by sensory stimuli. We test the hypothesis that sensory modulation of CMC and intermuscular coherence (IMC) is abnormal in Idiopathic/Genetic and Acquired dystonias. METHODS Participants: 11 children with Acquired dystonia, 5 with Idiopathic/Genetic dystonia, 13 controls (12-18 years). CMC and IMC were recorded during a grasp task, with mechanical perturbations provided by an electromechanical tapper. Coherence patterns pre- and post-stimulus were compared across groups. RESULTS Beta-CMC increased post-stimulus in Controls and Acquired dystonia (p = 0.001 and p = 0.010, respectively), but not in Idiopathic/Genetic dystonia (p = 0.799). The modulation differed between groups, being larger in both Controls and Acquired dystonia compared with Idiopathic/Genetic dystonia (p = 0.003 and p = 0.022). Beta-IMC increased significantly post-stimulus in Controls (p = 0.004), but not in dystonia. Prominent 4-12 Hz IMC was seen in all dystonia patients and correlated with severity (rho = 0.618). CONCLUSION Idiopathic/Genetic and Acquired dystonia share an abnormal low-frequency IMC. In contrast, sensory modulation of beta-CMC differed between the two groups. SIGNIFICANCE The findings suggest that sensorimotor processing is abnormal in Acquired as well as Idiopathic/Genetic dystonia, but that the nature of the abnormality differs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verity M McClelland
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; Children's Neurosciences Department, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Zoran Cvetkovic
- Department of Informatics, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Jean-Pierre Lin
- Children's Neurosciences Department, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Kerry R Mills
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Peter Brown
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit and Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Bao SC, Leung WC, K Cheung VC, Zhou P, Tong KY. Pathway-specific modulatory effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation during pedaling in chronic stroke survivors. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2019; 16:143. [PMID: 31744520 PMCID: PMC6862792 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-019-0614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is extensively used in stroke motor rehabilitation. How it promotes motor recovery remains only partially understood. NMES could change muscular properties, produce altered sensory inputs, and modulate fluctuations of cortical activities; but the potential contribution from cortico-muscular couplings during NMES synchronized with dynamic movement has rarely been discussed. Method We investigated cortico-muscular interactions during passive, active, and NMES rhythmic pedaling in healthy subjects and chronic stroke survivors. EEG (128 channels), EMG (4 unilateral lower limb muscles) and movement parameters were measured during 3 sessions of constant-speed pedaling. Sensory-level NMES (20 mA) was applied to the muscles, and cyclic stimulation patterns were synchronized with the EMG during pedaling cycles. Adaptive mixture independent component analysis was utilized to determine the movement-related electro-cortical sources and the source dipole clusters. A directed cortico-muscular coupling analysis was conducted between representative source clusters and the EMGs using generalized partial directed coherence (GPDC). The bidirectional GPDC was compared across muscles and pedaling sessions for post-stroke and healthy subjects. Results Directed cortico-muscular coupling of NMES cycling was more similar to that of active pedaling than to that of passive pedaling for the tested muscles. For healthy subjects, sensory-level NMES could modulate GPDC of both ascending and descending pathways. Whereas for stroke survivors, NMES could modulate GPDC of only the ascending pathways. Conclusions By clarifying how NMES influences neuromuscular control during pedaling in healthy and post-stroke subjects, our results indicate the potential limitation of sensory-level NMES in promoting sensorimotor recovery in chronic stroke survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Chun Bao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Cheong Leung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vincent C K Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, and The Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,The KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, 77030, TX, USA.,TIRR Memorial Hermann Research Center, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - Kai-Yu Tong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Brain and Mind Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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14
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Poortvliet PC, Tucker KJ, Finnigan S, Scott D, Hodges PW. Experimental Pain Decreases Corticomuscular Coherence in a Force- But Not a Position-Control Task. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2019; 20:192-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Muscle Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Stimulation Eliminates the Effect of Fatigue on EEG-EMG Coherence during the Lateral Raise Task: A Pilot Quantitative Investigation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7673068. [PMID: 30079351 PMCID: PMC6069696 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7673068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the effects of force load, muscle fatigue, and extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic stimulation on electroencephalography- (EEG-) electromyography (EMG) coherence during right arm lateral raise task. Eighteen healthy male subjects were recruited. EEG and EMG signals were simultaneously recorded from each subject while three different loads (0, 1, and 3kg) were added on the forearm. ELF magnetic stimulation was applied to the subject's deltoid muscle between tasks during the resting period. Univariate ANOVA showed that all EEG-EMG coherence areas of C3, C4, CP5, and CP6 were not significantly affected by the force load (all p>0.05) and that muscle fatigue led to statistically significant reductions on the coherence area of gamma band in C3 (p=0.014) and CP5 (p=0.019). More interestingly, these statistically significant reductions disappeared with the application of muscle ELF magnetic stimulation, indicating its potential application to eliminate the effect of fatigue.
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16
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McClelland VM, Cvetkovic Z, Lin JP, Mills K. S67. Corticomuscular coherence in childhood dystonia. Clin Neurophysiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.04.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Yoshida T, Masani K, Zabjek K, Popovic MR, Chen R. Dynamic cortical participation during bilateral, cyclical ankle movements: Effects of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196177. [PMID: 29698430 PMCID: PMC5919457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is known to increase asymmetry and variability of bilateral movements. However, the mechanisms of such abnormalities are not fully understood. Here, we aimed to investigate whether kinematic abnormalities are related to cortical participation during bilateral, cyclical ankle movements, which required i) maintenance of a specific frequency and ii) bilateral coordination of the lower limbs in an anti-phasic manner. We analyzed electroencephalographic and electromyographic signals from nine men with PD and nine aged-matched healthy men while they sat and cyclically dorsi- and plantarflexed their feet. This movement was performed at a similar cadence to normal walking under two conditions: i) self-paced and ii) externally paced by a metronome. Participants with PD exhibited reduced range of motion and more variable bilateral coordination. However, participants with and without PD did not differ in the magnitude of corticomuscular coherence between the midline cortical areas and tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius muscles. This finding suggests that either the kinematic abnormalities were related to processes outside linear corticomuscular communication or PD-related changes in neural correlates maintained corticomuscular communication but not motor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshida
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Applied Surgical and Rehabilitation Technology Lab, Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Kei Masani
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Karl Zabjek
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Milos R. Popovic
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Chen
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson’s Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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18
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McClelland VM, Cvetkovic Z, Mills KR. Cortico-muscular coherence enhancement via coherent Wavelet enhanced Independent Component Analysis. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017; 2017:2786-2789. [PMID: 29060476 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Functional coupling between the motor cortex and muscle activity is usually detected and characterized using the spectral method of cortico-muscular coherence (CMC) between surface electromyogram (sEMG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded synchronously under motor control task. However, CMC is often weak and not easily detectable in all individuals. One of the reasons for the low levels of CMC is the presence of noise and components unrelated to the considered tasks in recorded sEMG and EEG signals. In this paper we propose a method for enhancing relative levels of sEMG components coherent with synchronous EEG signals via a variant of Wavelet Independent Component Analysis combined with a novel component selection algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated using data collected in neurophysiologcal experiments.
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19
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Monbaliu E, Himmelmann K, Lin JP, Ortibus E, Bonouvrié L, Feys H, Vermeulen RJ, Dan B. Clinical presentation and management of dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Lancet Neurol 2017; 16:741-749. [PMID: 28816119 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy is the most frequent cause of severe physical disability in childhood. Dyskinetic cerebral palsy (DCP) is the second most common type of cerebral palsy after spastic forms. DCP is typically caused by non-progressive lesions to the basal ganglia or thalamus, or both, and is characterised by abnormal postures or movements associated with impaired tone regulation or movement coordination. In DCP, two major movement disorders, dystonia and choreoathetosis, are present together most of the time. Dystonia is often more pronounced and severe than choreoathetosis, with a major effect on daily activity, quality of life, and societal participation. The pathophysiology of both movement disorders is largely unknown. Some emerging hypotheses are an imbalance between indirect and direct basal ganglia pathways, disturbed sensory processing, and impaired plasticity in the basal ganglia. Rehabilitation strategies are typically multidisciplinary. Use of oral drugs to provide symptomatic relief of the movement disorders is limited by adverse effects and the scarcity of evidence that the drugs are effective. Neuromodulation interventions, such as intrathecal baclofen and deep brain stimulation, are promising options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elegast Monbaliu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Dominiek Savio Instituut, Gits, Belgium
| | - Kate Himmelmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jean-Pierre Lin
- Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's Health Partners, London, UK
| | - Els Ortibus
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Bonouvrié
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hilde Feys
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Jeroen Vermeulen
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bernard Dan
- Department of Neurology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Inkendaal Rehabilitation Hospital, Vlezenbeek, Belgium.
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20
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Burin D, Battaglini A, Pia L, Falvo G, Palombella M, Salatino A. Comparing intensities and modalities within the sensory attenuation paradigm: Preliminary evidence. J Adv Res 2017; 8:649-653. [PMID: 28861281 PMCID: PMC5568865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-documented that the intensity of a self-generated somatosensory stimulus is perceived to be attenuated in respect to an identical stimulus generated by others. At present, it is not clear whether such a phenomenon, known as somatosensory attenuation, is based not only on feedforward motor signals but also on re-afferences towards the body. To answer this question, in the present pilot investigation on twelve healthy subjects, three types of stimulations (sensory non-nociceptive electrical – ES, nociceptive electrical – NES, and vibrotactile – VTS) and intensities (1 = sensory threshold ∗ 2.5 + 2 mA, 2 = sensory threshold ∗ 2.5 + 3 mA, 3 = sensory threshold ∗ 2.5 + 4 mA for ES and NES; 1 = sensory threshold ∗ 2 Hz, 2 = sensory threshold ∗ 3 Hz, 3 = sensory threshold ∗ 4 Hz for VTS) have been directly compared in a somatosensory attenuation paradigm. The results show that the attenuation effect emerged only with electrical stimuli and that it increased with higher intensities. These pilot findings suggest that, depending on the type and the intensity of stimulation, re-afferences can have a role in somatosensory attenuation. Additionally, it is possible to speculate the effect is present only with electrical stimuli because those stimuli are prospectively judged as potentially dangerous. This, in turn, would optimize planning successful reactions to incoming threatening stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Burin
- Research Group SAMBA - Spatial, Motor and Bodily Awareness, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, via Po 14, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Alvise Battaglini
- Research Group SAMBA - Spatial, Motor and Bodily Awareness, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, via Po 14, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pia
- Research Group SAMBA - Spatial, Motor and Bodily Awareness, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, via Po 14, 10123 Turin, Italy.,NIT - Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Giusy Falvo
- Research Group SAMBA - Spatial, Motor and Bodily Awareness, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, via Po 14, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Mattia Palombella
- Research Group SAMBA - Spatial, Motor and Bodily Awareness, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, via Po 14, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Adriana Salatino
- Research Group SAMBA - Spatial, Motor and Bodily Awareness, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, via Po 14, 10123 Turin, Italy
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21
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Yoshida T, Masani K, Zabjek K, Chen R, Popovic MR. Dynamic Increase in Corticomuscular Coherence during Bilateral, Cyclical Ankle Movements. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:155. [PMID: 28420971 PMCID: PMC5378765 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the midline primary motor cortex is active during walking. However, the exact role of such cortical participation is unknown. To delineate the role of the primary motor cortex in walking, we examined whether the primary motor cortex would activate leg muscles during movements that retained specific requirements of walking (i.e., locomotive actions). We recorded electroencephalographic and electromyographic signals from 15 healthy, young men while they sat and performed bilateral, cyclical ankle movements. During dorsiflexion, near-20-Hz coherence increased cyclically between the midline primary motor cortex and the co-contracting antagonistic pair (i.e., tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius muscles) in both legs. Thus, we have shown that dynamic increase in corticomuscular coherence, which has been observed during walking, also occurs during simple bilateral cyclical movements of the feet. A possible mechanism for such coherence is corticomuscular communication, in which the primary motor cortex participates in the control of movement. Furthermore, because our experimental task isolated certain locomotive actions, the observed coherence suggests that the human primary motor cortex may participate in these actions (i.e., maintaining a specified movement frequency, bilaterally coordinating the feet, and stabilizing the posture of the feet). Additional studies are needed to identify the exact cortical and subcortical interactions that cause corticomuscular coherence and to further delineate the functional role of the primary motor cortex during bilateral cyclical movements such as walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshida
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health NetworkToronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kei Masani
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health NetworkToronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karl Zabjek
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Chen
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health NetworkToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Milos R Popovic
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health NetworkToronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
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22
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Individual difference in β-band corticomuscular coherence and its relation to force steadiness during isometric voluntary ankle dorsiflexion in healthy humans. Clin Neurophysiol 2016; 128:303-311. [PMID: 28042996 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Magnitude of β-band coherent neural activities between the sensorimotor cortex and contracting muscle is known to vary across healthy individuals. To clarify how this variance affects actual motor function, this study examined associations between the corticomuscular coherence (CMC) and force steadiness. METHODS CMC was calculated between scalp electroencephalograms (EEGs) over the sensorimotor cortex and surface electromyograms (EMGs) from the tibialis anterior muscle during tonic isometric voluntary ankle dorsiflexion at 30% of maximal effort in 22 healthy individuals. We calculated the maximal peak of CMC (CMCmax), and examined its relations to some measures of force fluctuation, such as the coefficient of variation (ForceCV), the sum of the power spectral density within 1-4Hz (Forceδ-PSD), 5-14Hz (Forceα-PSD), and 15-35Hz (Forceβ-PSD) bands of force signal. RESULTS In all participants showing significant CMC, CMCmax was observed within the β-band. CMCmax was varied across participants (range, 0.084-0.451), and was correlated significantly and positively with ForceCV (r=0.602, p=0.003), Forceβ-PSD (r=0.637, p=0.001), Forceα-PSD (r=0.647, p=0.001), and Forceδ-PSD (r=0.518, p=0.014). CONCLUSION The magnitude of the CMC between EEG over the sensorimotor cortex and EMG of contracting muscle is associated with the amount of force fluctuation during tonic isometric voluntary ankle dorsiflexion in healthy humans. SIGNIFICANCE CMC may influence an individual's ability to stabilize their muscle force output.
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23
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Xu Y, McClelland VM, Cvetkovic Z, Mills KR. Corticomuscular Coherence With Time Lag With Application to Delay Estimation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2016; 64:588-600. [PMID: 27214885 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2016.2569492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Functional coupling between the motor cortex and muscle activity is usually detected and characterized using the spectral method of corticomuscular coherence (CMC). This functional coupling occurs with a time delay, which, if not properly accounted for, may decrease the coherence and make the synchrony difficult to detect. In this paper, we introduce the concept of CMC with time lag (CMCTL), that is the coherence between segments of motor cortex electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) signals displaced from a central observation point. This concept is motivated by the need to compensate for the unknown delay between coupled cortex and muscle processes. We demonstrate using simulated data that under certain conditions the time lag between EEG and EMG segments at points of local maxima of CMCTL corresponds to the average delay along the involved corticomuscular conduction pathways. Using neurophysiological data, we then show that CMCTL with appropriate time lag enhances the coherence between cortical and muscle signals, and that time lags which correspond to local maxima of CMCTL provide estimates of delays involved in corticomuscular coupling that are consistent with the underlying physiology.
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24
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McManus L, Hu X, Rymer WZ, Suresh NL, Lowery MM. Muscle fatigue increases beta-band coherence between the firing times of simultaneously active motor units in the first dorsal interosseous muscle. J Neurophysiol 2016; 115:2830-9. [PMID: 26984420 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00097.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Synchronization between the firing times of simultaneously active motor units (MUs) is generally assumed to increase during fatiguing contractions. To date, however, estimates of MU synchronization have relied on indirect measures, derived from surface electromyographic (EMG) interference signals. This study used intramuscular coherence to investigate the correlation between MU discharges in the first dorsal interosseous muscle during and immediately following a submaximal fatiguing contraction, and after rest. Coherence between composite MU spike trains, derived from decomposed surface EMG, were examined in the delta (1-4 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), beta (15-30 Hz), and gamma (30-60 Hz) frequency band ranges. A significant increase in MU coherence was observed in the delta, alpha, and beta frequency bands postfatigue. In addition, wavelet coherence revealed a tendency for delta-, alpha-, and beta-band coherence to increase during the fatiguing contraction, with subjects exhibiting low initial coherence values displaying the greatest relative increase. This was accompanied by an increase in MU short-term synchronization and a decline in mean firing rate of the majority of MUs detected during the sustained contraction. A model of the motoneuron pool and surface EMG was used to investigate factors influencing the coherence estimate. Simulation results indicated that changes in motoneuron inhibition and firing rates alone could not directly account for increased beta-band coherence postfatigue. The observed increase is, therefore, more likely to arise from an increase in the strength of correlated inputs to MUs as the muscle fatigues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara McManus
- University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Xiaogang Hu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - William Z Rymer
- Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Nina L Suresh
- Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
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25
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Piitulainen H, Bourguignon M, Smeds E, De Tiège X, Jousmäki V, Hari R. Phasic stabilization of motor output after auditory and visual distractors. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:5168-82. [PMID: 26415889 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
To maintain steady motor output, distracting sensory stimuli need to be blocked. To study the effects of brief auditory and visual distractors on the human primary motor (M1) cortex, we monitored magnetoencephalographic (MEG) cortical rhythms, electromyogram (EMG) of finger flexors, and corticomuscular coherence (CMC) during right-hand pinch (force 5-7% of maximum) while 1-kHz tones and checkerboard patterns were presented for 100 ms once every 3.5-5 s. Twenty-one subjects (out of twenty-two) showed statistically significant ∼20-Hz CMC. Both distractors elicited a covert startle-like response evident in changes of force and EMG (∼50% of the background variation) but without any visible movement, followed by ∼1-s enhancement of CMC (auditory on average by 75%, P < 0.001; visual by 33%, P < 0.05) and rolandic ∼20-Hz rhythm (auditory by 14%, P < 0.05; visual by 11%, P < 0.01). Directional coupling of coherence from muscle to the M1 cortex (EMG→MEG) increased for ∼0.5 s at the onset of the CMC enhancement, but only after auditory distractor (by 105%; P < 0.05), likely reflecting startle-related proprioceptive afference. The 20-Hz enhancements occurred in the left M1 cortex and were for the auditory stimuli preceded by an early suppression (by 7%, P < 0.05). Task-unrelated distractors modulated corticospinal coupling at ∼20 Hz. We propose that the distractors triggered covert startle-like responses, resulting in proprioceptive afference to the cortex, and that they also transiently disengaged the subject's attention from the fine-motor task. As a result, the corticospinal output was readjusted to keep the contraction force stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harri Piitulainen
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, AALTO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Mathieu Bourguignon
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, AALTO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Eero Smeds
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, AALTO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Xavier De Tiège
- Laboratoire De Cartographie Fonctionnelle Du Cerveau, UNI-ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Veikko Jousmäki
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, AALTO, Espoo, Finland.,MEG Core and Advanced Magnetic Imaging (AMI) Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, AALTO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Riitta Hari
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, AALTO, Espoo, Finland
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26
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Poortvliet PC, Tucker KJ, Finnigan S, Scott D, Sowman P, Hodges PW. Cortical activity differs between position- and force-control knee extension tasks. Exp Brain Res 2015; 233:3447-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Budini F, McManus LM, Berchicci M, Menotti F, Macaluso A, Di Russo F, Lowery MM, De Vito G. Alpha band cortico-muscular coherence occurs in healthy individuals during mechanically-induced tremor. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115012. [PMID: 25514444 PMCID: PMC4267728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work aimed at investigating the effects of mechanically amplified tremor on cortico-muscular coherence (CMC) in the alpha band. The study of CMC in this specific band is of particular interest because this coherence is usually absent in healthy individuals and it is an aberrant feature in patients affected by pathological tremors; understanding its mechanisms is therefore important. Thirteen healthy volunteers (23±4 years) performed elbow flexor sustained contractions both against a spring load and in isometric conditions at 20% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC). Spring stiffness was selected to induce instability in the stretch reflex servo loop. 64 EEG channels, surface EMG from the biceps brachii muscle and force were simultaneously recorded. Contractions against the spring resulted in greater fluctuations of the force signal and EMG amplitude compared to isometric conditions (p<.05). During isometric contractions CMC was systematically found in the beta band and sporadically observed in the alpha band. However, during the contractions against the spring load, CMC in the alpha band was observed in 12 out of 13 volunteers. Partial directed coherence (PDC) revealed an increased information flow in the EMG to EEG direction in the alpha band (p<.05). Therefore, coherence in the alpha band between the sensory-motor cortex and the biceps brachii muscle can be systematically induced in healthy individuals by mechanically amplifying tremor. The increased information flow in the EMG to EEG direction may reflect enhanced afferent activity from the muscle spindles. These results may contribute to the understanding of the presence of alpha band CMC in tremor related pathologies by suggesting that the origin of this phenomenon may not only be at cortical level but may also be affected by spinal circuit loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Budini
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lara M. McManus
- School of Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Menotti
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Madeleine M. Lowery
- School of Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Giuseppe De Vito
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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28
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Jaw tremor as a physiological biomarker of bruxism. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 126:1746-53. [PMID: 25533275 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if sleep bruxism is associated with abnormal physiological tremor of the jaw during a visually-guided bite force control task. METHODS Healthy participants and patients with sleep bruxism were given visual feedback of their bite force and asked to trace triangular target trajectories (duration=20s, peak force <35% maximum voluntary force). Bite force control was quantified in terms of the power spectra of force fluctuations, masseter EMG activity, and force-to-EMG coherence. RESULTS Patients had greater jaw force tremor at ∼8 Hz relative to controls, along with increased masseter EMG activity and force-to-EMG coherence in the same frequency range. Patients also showed lower force-to-EMG coherence at low frequencies (<3 Hz), but greater coherence at high frequencies (20-40 Hz). Finally, patients had greater 6-10 Hz force tremor during periods of descending vs. ascending force, while controls showed no difference in tremor with respect to force dynamics. CONCLUSION Patients with bruxism have abnormal jaw tremor when engaged in a visually-guided bite force task. SIGNIFICANCE Measurement of jaw tremor may aid in the detection/evaluation of bruxism. In light of previous literature, our results also suggest that bruxism is marked by abnormal or mishandled peripheral feedback from the teeth.
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Altered corticomuscular coherence elicited by paced isotonic contractions in individuals with cerebral palsy: a case-control study. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2014; 24:928-33. [PMID: 25127492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to analyze corticomuscular coherence during planning and execution of simple hand movements in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) and healthy controls (HC). Fourteen individuals with CP and 15 HC performed voluntary paced movements (opening and closing the fist) in response to a warning signal. Simultaneous scalp EEG and surface EMG of extensor carpi radialis brevis were recorded during 15 isotonic contractions. Time-frequency corticomuscular coherence (EMG-C3/C4) before and during muscular contraction, as well as EMG intensity, onset latency and duration were analyzed. Although EMG intensity was similar in both groups, individuals with CP exhibited longer onset latency and increased duration of the muscular contraction than HC. CP also showed higher corticomuscular coherence in beta EEG band during both planning and execution of muscular contraction, as well as lower corticomuscular coherence in gamma EEG band at the beginning of the contraction as compared with HC. In conclusion, our results suggest that individuals with CP are characterized by an altered functional coupling between primary motor cortex and effector muscles during planning and execution of isotonic contractions. In addition, the usefulness of corticomuscular coherence as a research tool for exploring deficits in motor central processing in persons with early brain damage is discussed.
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Interpreting EEG alpha activity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 44:94-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Applying support vector regression analysis on grip force level-related corticomuscular coherence. J Comput Neurosci 2014; 37:281-91. [PMID: 24756619 DOI: 10.1007/s10827-014-0501-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Voluntary motor performance is the result of cortical commands driving muscle actions. Corticomuscular coherence can be used to examine the functional coupling or communication between human brain and muscles. To investigate the effects of grip force level on corticomuscular coherence in an accessory muscle, this study proposed an expanded support vector regression (ESVR) algorithm to quantify the coherence between electroencephalogram (EEG) from sensorimotor cortex and surface electromyogram (EMG) from brachioradialis in upper limb. A measure called coherence proportion was introduced to compare the corticomuscular coherence in the alpha (7-15Hz), beta (15-30Hz) and gamma (30-45Hz) band at 25 % maximum grip force (MGF) and 75 % MGF. Results show that ESVR could reduce the influence of deflected signals and summarize the overall behavior of multiple coherence curves. Coherence proportion is more sensitive to grip force level than coherence area. The significantly higher corticomuscular coherence occurred in the alpha (p < 0.01) and beta band (p < 0.01) during 75 % MGF, but in the gamma band (p < 0.01) during 25 % MGF. The results suggest that sensorimotor cortex might control the activity of an accessory muscle for hand grip with increased grip intensity by changing functional corticomuscular coupling at certain frequency bands (alpha, beta and gamma bands).
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Quantifying connectivity via efferent and afferent pathways in motor control using coherence measures and joint position perturbations. Exp Brain Res 2013; 228:141-53. [PMID: 23665751 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-013-3545-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The applicability of corticomuscular coherence (CMC) as a connectivity measure is limited since only 40-50 % of the healthy population presents significant CMC. In this study, we applied continuous joint position perturbations to obtain a more reliable measure of connectivity in motor control. We evaluated the coherence between joint position perturbations and EEG (position-cortical coherence, PCC) and CMC. Healthy subjects performed two isotonic force tasks against the handle of a wrist manipulator. The baseline task was isometric; in the perturbed task, the handle moved continuously with small amplitude. The position perturbation signal covered frequencies between 5 and 29 Hz. In the perturbed task, all subjects had significant PCC and 86 % of the subjects had significant CMC, on both stimulus and non-stimulus frequencies. In the baseline task, CMC was present in only 45 % of the subjects, mostly on beta-band frequencies. The position perturbations during an isotonic force task elicited PCC in all subjects and elicited CMC in most subjects on both stimulus and non-stimulus frequencies. Perturbed CMC possibly arises by two separate processes: an intrinsic process, similar to the process in an unperturbed task, involving both efferent and afferent pathways; and a process related to the excitation of the afferent and efferent pathways by the perturbation. These processes cannot be separated. PCC, however, reflects connectivity via the afferent pathways only. As PCC was present in all healthy subjects, we propose this coherence as a reliable measure for connectivity in motor control via the afferent pathways.
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