1
|
Yu X, Lu J, Liu W, Cheng Z, Xiao G. Exploring physiological stress response evoked by passive translational acceleration in healthy adults: a pilot study utilizing electrodermal activity and heart rate variability measurements. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11349. [PMID: 38762532 PMCID: PMC11102551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Passive translational acceleration (PTA) has been demonstrated to induce the stress response and regulation of autonomic balance in healthy individuals. Electrodermal activity (EDA) and heart rate variability (HRV) measurements are reliable indicators of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and can be used to assess stress levels. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of combining EDA and HRV measurements in assessing the physiological stress response induced by PTA. Fourteen healthy subjects were randomly assigned to two groups of equal size. The experimental group underwent five trials of elevator rides, while the control group received a sham treatment. EDA and HRV indices were obtained via ultra-short-term analysis and compared between the two groups to track changes in the ANS. In addition, the complexity of the EDA time series was compared between the 4 s before and the 2-6 s after the onset of PTA to assess changes in the subjects' stress levels in the experimental group. The results revealed a significant increase in the skin conductance response (SCR) frequency and a decrease in the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and high frequency (HF) components of HRV. In terms of stress assessment, the results showed an increase in the complexity of the EDA time series 2-6 s after the onset of PTA. These results indicate an elevation in sympathetic tone when healthy subjects were exposed to a translational transport scenario. Furthermore, evidence was provided for the ability of EDA complexity to differentiate stress states in individual trials of translational acceleration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Yu
- College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - JiaWei Lu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- Xizi Elevator Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenbo Cheng
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu B, Shan J, Gu Y. Temporal and spatial properties of vestibular signals for perception of self-motion. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1266513. [PMID: 37780704 PMCID: PMC10534010 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1266513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well recognized that the vestibular system is involved in numerous important cognitive functions, including self-motion perception, spatial orientation, locomotion, and vector-based navigation, in addition to basic reflexes, such as oculomotor or body postural control. Consistent with this rationale, vestibular signals exist broadly in the brain, including several regions of the cerebral cortex, potentially allowing tight coordination with other sensory systems to improve the accuracy and precision of perception or action during self-motion. Recent neurophysiological studies in animal models based on single-cell resolution indicate that vestibular signals exhibit complex spatiotemporal dynamics, producing challenges in identifying their exact functions and how they are integrated with other modality signals. For example, vestibular and optic flow could provide congruent and incongruent signals regarding spatial tuning functions, reference frames, and temporal dynamics. Comprehensive studies, including behavioral tasks, neural recording across sensory and sensory-motor association areas, and causal link manipulations, have provided some insights into the neural mechanisms underlying multisensory self-motion perception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Liu
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, International Center for Primate Brain Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Shan
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, International Center for Primate Brain Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Gu
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, International Center for Primate Brain Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Winkel KN, Irmak T, Happee R, Shyrokau B. Standards for passenger comfort in automated vehicles: Acceleration and jerk. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 106:103881. [PMID: 36058166 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A prime concern for automated vehicles is motion comfort, as an uncomfortable ride may reduce acceptance of the technology amongst the general population. However, it is not clear how transient motions typical for travelling by car affect the experience of comfort. Here, we determine the relation between properties of vehicle motions (i.e., acceleration and jerk) and discomfort empirically, and we evaluate the ability of normative models to account for the data. 23 participants were placed in a moving-base driving simulator and presented sinusoidial and triangular motion pulses with various peak accelerations (Amax0.4 - 2 ms-2) and jerks (Jmax0.5 - 15 ms-3), designed to recreate typical vehicle accelerations. Participants provided discomfort judgments on absolute 'Verbal Qualifiers' and relative 'Magnitude Estimates' associated with these motions. The data show that discomfort increases with acceleration amplitude, and that the strength of this effect depends on the direction of motion. We furthermore find that higher jerks (shorter duration pulses) are considered more comfortable, and that triangular pulses are more comfortable than sinusoidal pulses. ME responses decrease (i.e., reduced discomfort) with increasing pulse duration. Evaluations of normative models of vibration and shock (ISO 2631), and perceived motion intensity provide mixed results. The vibration model could not account for the data well. Reasonable agreement between predictions and observations were found for the shock model and perceived intensity model, which emphasize the role of acceleration. We present novel statistical models that describe motion comfort as a function of acceleration, jerk, and direction. The present findings are essential to develop motion planning algorithms aimed at maximizing comfort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ksander N de Winkel
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Cognitive Robotics, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628CD, the Netherlands.
| | - Tugrul Irmak
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Cognitive Robotics, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628CD, the Netherlands.
| | - Riender Happee
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Cognitive Robotics, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628CD, the Netherlands.
| | - Barys Shyrokau
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Cognitive Robotics, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628CD, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Coughlan G, Plumb W, Zhukovsky P, Aung MH, Hornberger M. Vestibular contribution to path integration deficits in 'at-genetic-risk' for Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278239. [PMID: 36595510 PMCID: PMC9810179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Path integration changes may precede a clinical presentation of Alzheimer's disease by several years. Studies to date have focused on how spatial cell changes affect path integration in preclinical AD. However, vestibular input is also critical for intact path integration. Here, we developed the vestibular rotation task that requires individuals to manually point an iPad device in the direction of their starting point following rotational movement, without any visual cues. Vestibular features were derived from the sensor data using feature selection. Machine learning models illustrate that the vestibular features accurately classified Apolipoprotein E ε3ε4 carriers and ε3ε3 carrier controls (mean age 62.7 years), with 65% to 79% accuracy depending on task trial. All machine learning models produced a similar classification accuracy. Our results demonstrate the cross-sectional role of the vestibular system in Alzheimer's disease risk carriers. Future investigations should examine if vestibular functions explain individual phenotypic heterogeneity in path integration among Alzheimer's disease risk carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Coughlan
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - William Plumb
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Zhukovsky
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Kimel Family Translational Imaging Genetics Laboratory, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Min Hane Aung
- School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Hornberger
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bruschetta M, de Winkel KN, Mion E, Pretto P, Beghi A, Bülthoff HH. Assessing the contribution of active somatosensory stimulation to self-acceleration perception in dynamic driving simulators. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259015. [PMID: 34793458 PMCID: PMC8601569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In dynamic driving simulators, the experience of operating a vehicle is reproduced by combining visual stimuli generated by graphical rendering with inertial stimuli generated by platform motion. Due to inherent limitations of the platform workspace, inertial stimulation is subject to shortcomings in the form of missing cues, false cues, and/or scaling errors, which negatively affect simulation fidelity. In the present study, we aim at quantifying the relative contribution of an active somatosensory stimulation to the perceived intensity of self-motion, relative to other sensory systems. Participants judged the intensity of longitudinal and lateral driving maneuvers in a dynamic driving simulator in passive driving conditions, with and without additional active somatosensory stimulation, as provided by an Active Seat (AS) and Active Belts (AB) integrated system (ASB). The results show that ASB enhances the perceived intensity of sustained decelerations, and increases the precision of acceleration perception overall. Our findings are consistent with models of perception, and indicate that active somatosensory stimulation can indeed be used to improve simulation fidelity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Bruschetta
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ksander N. de Winkel
- TU Delft, Cognitive Robotics Delft, Delft, Netherlands
- Department of Perception, Cognition, and Action, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Enrico Mion
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Perception, Cognition, and Action, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Alessandro Beghi
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Heinrich H. Bülthoff
- Department of Perception, Cognition, and Action, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|