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Atanasova D, Mirgorodskaya E, Moparthi L, Koch S, Haarhaus M, Narisawa S, Millán JL, Landberg E, Magnusson P. Glycoproteomic profile of human tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase expressed in osteoblasts. JBMR Plus 2024; 8:ziae006. [PMID: 38505526 PMCID: PMC10945725 DOI: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNALP) is a glycoprotein expressed by osteoblasts that promotes bone mineralization. TNALP catalyzes the hydrolysis of the mineralization inhibitor inorganic pyrophosphate and ATP to provide inorganic phosphate, thus controlling the inorganic pyrophosphate/inorganic phosphate ratio to enable the growth of hydroxyapatite crystals. N-linked glycosylation of TNALP is essential for protein stability and enzymatic activity and is responsible for the presence of different bone isoforms of TNALP associated with functional and clinical differences. The site-specific glycosylation profiles of TNALP are, however, elusive. TNALP has 5 potential N-glycosylation sites located at the asparagine (N) residues 140, 230, 271, 303, and 430. The objective of this study was to reveal the presence and structure of site-specific glycosylation in TNALP expressed in osteoblasts. Calvarial osteoblasts derived from Alpl+/- expressing SV40 Large T antigen were transfected with soluble epitope-tagged human TNALP. Purified TNALP was analyzed with a lectin microarray, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that all sites (n = 5) were fully occupied predominantly with complex-type N-glycans. High abundance of galactosylated biantennary N-glycans with various degrees of sialylation was observed on all sites, as well as glycans with no terminal galactose and sialic acid. Furthermore, all sites had core fucosylation except site N271. Modelling of TNALP, with the protein structure prediction software ColabFold, showed possible steric hindrance by the adjacent side chain of W270, which could explain the absence of core fucosylation at N271. These novel findings provide evidence for N-linked glycosylation on all 5 sites of TNALP, as well as core fucosylation on 4 out of 5 sites. We anticipate that this new knowledge can aid in the development of functional and clinical assays specific for the TNALP bone isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Atanasova
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58185, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Mirgorodskaya
- Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-41346, Sweden
| | - Lavanya Moparthi
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58185, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58185, Sweden
| | - Stefan Koch
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58185, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58185, Sweden
| | - Mathias Haarhaus
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-14186, Sweden
| | - Sonoko Narisawa
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Eva Landberg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58185, Sweden
| | - Per Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58185, Sweden
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Haarhaus M, Fernström A, Qureshi AR, Magnusson P. The Novel Bone Alkaline Phosphatase Isoform B1x Is Associated with Improved 5-Year Survival in Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124402. [PMID: 34959954 PMCID: PMC8708752 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an independent cardiovascular risk marker. Serum bone ALP (BALP) isoforms indicate bone turnover and comprise approximately 50% of total circulating ALP. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), mortality is highest in patients with increased ALP and BALP and low bone turnover. However, not all low bone turnover states are associated with increased mortality. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, features of protein energy wasting syndrome, induce cardiovascular BALP activity and fibro-calcification, while bone turnover is suppressed. Circulating BALP isoform B1x is associated with low ALP and low bone turnover and has been exclusively detected in CKD. We investigated the association of serum B1x with survival, abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) score, and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) in CKD. Serum ALP, BALP isoforms, parathyroid hormone (PTH), PWV, and AAC were measured repeatedly over 2 years in 68 prevalent dialysis patients. Mortality was assessed after 5 years. B1x was detected in 53 patients. A competing risk analysis revealed an association of B1x with improved 5-year survival; whereas, baseline PWV, but not AAC score, predicted mortality. However, PWV improved in 26 patients (53%), and B1x was associated with variation of PWV over time (p = 0.03). Patients with B1x had lower PTH and total ALP, suggesting an association with lower bone turnover. In conclusion, B1x is associated with time-varying PWV, lower circulating ALP, and improved survival in CKD, and thus may be an indicator of a reduced cardiovascular risk profile among patients with low bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Haarhaus
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Diaverum Sweden AB, Hemvärnsgatan 9, SE-171 54 Solna, Sweden
- Correspondence:
| | - Anders Fernström
- Department of Nephrology, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Abdul Rashid Qureshi
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Per Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
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Inhibition of protein glycosylation is a novel pro-angiogenic strategy that acts via activation of stress pathways. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6330. [PMID: 33303737 PMCID: PMC7730427 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) metabolism is thought to be one of the driving forces for angiogenesis. Here we report the identification of the hexosamine D-mannosamine (ManN) as an EC mitogen and survival factor for bovine and human microvascular EC, with an additivity with VEGF. ManN inhibits glycosylation in ECs and induces significant changes in N-glycan and O-glycan profiles. We further demonstrate that ManN and two N-glycosylation inhibitors stimulate EC proliferation via both JNK activation and the unfolded protein response caused by ER stress. ManN results in enhanced angiogenesis in a mouse skin injury model. ManN also promotes angiogenesis in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model, with accelerated limb blood flow recovery compared to controls. In addition, intraocular injection of ManN induces retinal neovascularization. Therefore, activation of stress pathways following inhibition of protein glycosylation can promote EC proliferation and angiogenesis and may represent a therapeutic strategy for treatment of ischemic disorders. Therapeutic angiogenesis has the potential of inducing and maintaining new blood vessels and thus improving outcomes in patients with ischemic disorders. Mannosamine functions as an endothelial cell mitogen/survival factor through activation of stress pathways and might be useful to protect and regenerate the vascular endothelium in a variety of disorders.
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Montenegro MF, Moral-Naranjo MT, Campoy FJ, Muñoz-Delgado E, Vidal CJ. The lipid raft-bound alkaline phosphatase activity increases and the level of transcripts remains unaffected in liver of merosin-deficient LAMA2dy mouse. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 216:1-8. [PMID: 24680793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (AP) and other proteins add glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) before addressing to raft domains of the cell membrane. Our previous report showing an increased density of lipid rafts in muscle of dystrophic Lama2dy mice prompted us to compare livers of normal (NL) and dystrophic mice (DL) for their levels of rafts. With this aim, hepatic rafts were isolated as Triton X-100 resistant membranes, and identified by their abundance of flotillin-2, alkaline phosphatase (AP) and other raft markers. The comparable abundance of cholesterol and flotillin-2 in rafts of NL and DL contrasted with the double AP activity both in rafts of DL and whole DL. The AP mRNA level was the same in NL and DL. Sedimentation analysis profiles revealed AP activity of NL distributed between dimeric (dAP) and monomeric AP (mAP), whose proportions and lectin-binding extent changed in DL. The increased AP activity and changed AP glycosylation in DL, the prevalence of mAP in NL and the enhanced stability of dAP in DL demonstrated the critical role that glycosylation and oligomerization play for AP catalysis. The higher AP activity of DL probably arises from dystrophy-associated changes in glycosyl transferases, which alter AP glycosylation and subunit folding with profitable effects for AP stability and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Montenegro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Universidad de Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - María Teresa Moral-Naranjo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Universidad de Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Campoy
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Universidad de Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Encarnación Muñoz-Delgado
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Universidad de Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Cecilio J Vidal
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Universidad de Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain.
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Zimmermann H, Zebisch M, Sträter N. Cellular function and molecular structure of ecto-nucleotidases. Purinergic Signal 2012; 8:437-502. [PMID: 22555564 PMCID: PMC3360096 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-012-9309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 763] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecto-nucleotidases play a pivotal role in purinergic signal transmission. They hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides and thus can control their availability at purinergic P2 receptors. They generate extracellular nucleosides for cellular reuptake and salvage via nucleoside transporters of the plasma membrane. The extracellular adenosine formed acts as an agonist of purinergic P1 receptors. They also can produce and hydrolyze extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate that is of major relevance in the control of bone mineralization. This review discusses and compares four major groups of ecto-nucleotidases: the ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases, ecto-5'-nucleotidase, ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases, and alkaline phosphatases. Only recently and based on crystal structures, detailed information regarding the spatial structures and catalytic mechanisms has become available for members of these four ecto-nucleotidase families. This permits detailed predictions of their catalytic mechanisms and a comparison between the individual enzyme groups. The review focuses on the principal biochemical, cell biological, catalytic, and structural properties of the enzymes and provides brief reference to tissue distribution, and physiological and pathophysiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Zimmermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Biologicum, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Ricinus communis agglutinin I functionalisation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a substrate for microfluidic device. Sci China Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-012-4537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lee EJ, Shin SH, Hyun S, Chun J, Kang SS. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress Enhances Tip60 (A Histone Acetyltransferase) Binding to the Concanavalin A. Open Biochem J 2012; 6:1-10. [PMID: 22448206 PMCID: PMC3309968 DOI: 10.2174/1874091x01206010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report that the concanavalin A binding of Tip60 (a target of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1-encoded transactivator Tat interacting protein 60 KD; a histone acetyltransferase; HAT) is enhanced as the result of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The cell expression of Tip60 combined with site-directed mutagenesis analysis was used to identify the glutamine 324 residue as the lecithin binding (Concanavalin A; Con A) site. The Tip60 N324A mutant strain, which seems to be the Con A binding-deficient, was attenuated the protein-protein interactions with FE65 and its protein stability, but its ability of G0-G1 cell cycle arrest was not interrupted. Interestingly, both HAT activity and the nuclear localization of Tip60 N324A mutant were enhanced than those of Tip60 WT. Thus, our results indicate that the Con A binding deficient of Tip60 seems to be one of the most pivotal posttranslational modifications (such as N-glycosylation) for its functional regulation signal, which is generated in response to ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeoung Lee
- Department of Pre-medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 301-832, Republic of Korea
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Tunicamycin inhibition of N-glycosylation of α-glucosidase from Aspergillus niveus: partial influence on biochemical properties. Biotechnol Lett 2010; 32:1449-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-010-0304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tai TF, Chan CP, Lin CC, Chen LI, Jeng JH, Chang MC. Transforming Growth Factor β2 Regulates Growth and Differentiation of Pulp Cells via ALK5/Smad2/3. J Endod 2008; 34:427-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2007] [Revised: 01/29/2008] [Accepted: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sharp CA, Linder C, Magnusson P. Analysis of human bone alkaline phosphatase isoforms: Comparison of isoelectric focusing and ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. Clin Chim Acta 2007; 379:105-12. [PMID: 17289010 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2006.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2006] [Revised: 12/21/2006] [Accepted: 12/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several isoforms of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) can be identified in human tissues and serum after separation by anion-exchange HPLC and isoelectric focusing (IEF). METHODS We purified four soluble bone ALP (BALP) isoforms (B/I, B1x, B1 and B2) from human SaOS-2 cells, determined their specific pI values by broad range IEF (pH 3.5-9.5), compared these with commercial preparations of bone, intestinal and liver ALPs and established the effects of neuraminidase and wheat germ lectin (WGA) on enzyme activity. RESULTS Whilst the isoforms B1x (pI=4.48), B1 (pI=4.32) and B2 (pI=4.12) resolved as well-defined bands, B/I resolved as a complex (pI=4.85-6.84). Neuraminidase altered the migration of all BALP isoforms to pI=6.84 and abolished their binding to the anion-exchange matrix, but increased their enzymatic activities by 11-20%. WGA precipitated the BALP isoforms in IEF gels and the HPLC column and attenuated their enzymatic activities by 54-73%. IEF resolved the commercial BALP into 2 major bands (pI=4.41 and 4.55). CONCLUSIONS Migration of BALP isoforms is similar in IEF and anion-exchange HPLC and dependent on sialic acid content. HPLC is preferable in smaller scale research applications where samples containing mixtures of BALP isoforms are analysed. Circulating liver ALP (pI=3.85) can be resolved from BALP by either method. IEF represents a simpler approach for routine purposes even though some overlapping of the isoforms may occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Sharp
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linköping University Hospital, SE-581 85, Linköping, Sweden.
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