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Osawa Y, An Y, Nishita Y, Matsui Y, Takemura M, Simonsick EM, Shimokata H, Otsuka R, Arai H, Ferrucci L. Longitudinal association between muscle and bone loss: Results of US and Japanese cohort studies. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:746-755. [PMID: 38332659 PMCID: PMC10995282 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle and bone are physiologically interconnected, but joint changes of muscle and bone with aging, and whether the muscle-bone changes are different by sex and by country has been little studied. We examined longitudinal associations of bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle mass or muscle strength in community-dwelling 65 years or older in the United States and Japan. METHODS The present analytic sample included 1129 women and men from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) (mean age, 74.5 ± 7.5 years; women, 49.8%) and 1998 women and men from the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA) (mean age, 70.0 ± 4.5 years; women, 51.4%). Median follow-up was 4.6 (min-max, 0-15.4) years in the BLSA and 4.0 (min-max, 0-13.4) years in the NILS-LSA. We selected visits at which participants had BMD (whole body, pelvic, femoral neck, trochanter, and Ward's triangle BMDs) and muscle mass [appendicular lean mass, (ALM)] measured by DXA scan. In each bone site, we ran cohort-specific bivariate linear mixed-effects models adjusted for baseline age, sex, body height, body weight, fat mass, education year, and smoking status. Race was an additional adjustment in the BLSA. Additionally, we performed sex-specific analyses. RESULTS In the BLSA, the rate of change in ALM positively correlated with the rate of change in the whole body (rho = 0.30, P < 0.0001) and pelvic BMD (rho = 0.24, P < 0.0001), but not in trochanter, femoral neck, or Ward's triangle BMD (P > 0.05). In the NILS-LSA, ALM positively correlated with the rate of change in all bone sites (rho ranged from 0.20 to 0.71, P < 0.01). In women, ALM positively correlated with the rate of change in all bone sites in both cohorts (in the NILS-LSA, rho ranged from 0.35 to 0.91, P < 0.01; in the BLSA, rho ranged from 0.26 to 0.56, P < 0.05) except for femoral neck BMD in the BLSA. In men, ALM positively correlated with pelvic, trochanter, and Ward's triangle BMD in the NILS-LSA (rho ranged from 0.45 to 0.68, P < 0.0001), and whole body and trochanter BMD in the BLSA (both, rho = 0.20, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Muscle loss co-occurred with bone loss in both cohorts, but the association in the NILS-LSA tended to be stronger than in the BLSA, and the association was higher in women than in men, implying that the association may differ by sex and country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Osawa
- Graduate School of Health ManagementKeio UniversityKanagawaJapan
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
- Sports Medicine Research CenterKeio UniversityKanagawaJapan
| | - Yang An
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Yukiko Nishita
- Department of Epidemiology of AgingNational Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyAichiJapan
| | - Yasumoto Matsui
- Center for Frailty and Locomotive SyndromeNational Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObuJapan
| | - Marie Takemura
- Center for Frailty and Locomotive SyndromeNational Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObuJapan
| | - Eleanor M. Simonsick
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Hiroshi Shimokata
- Section of NILS‐LSANational Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObuJapan
- Graduate School of Nutritional SciencesNagoya University of Arts and SciencesNisshinJapan
| | - Rei Otsuka
- Department of Epidemiology of AgingNational Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyAichiJapan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObuJapan
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
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Critchlow AJ, Hiam D, Williams R, Scott D, Lamon S. The role of estrogen in female skeletal muscle aging: A systematic review. Maturitas 2023; 178:107844. [PMID: 37716136 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.107844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that negatively impacts the independence and quality of life of older individuals. Females demonstrate a distinct pattern of muscle aging compared to males, potentially due to menopause, when the production of endogenous sex hormones declines. This systematic review aims to investigate the current knowledge about the role of estrogen in female skeletal muscle aging. A systematic search of MEDLINE Complete, Global Health, Embase, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and CINHAL was conducted. Studies were considered eligible if they compared a state of estrogen deficiency (e.g. postmenopausal females) or supplementation (e.g. estrogen therapy) to normal estrogen conditions (e.g. premenopausal females or no supplementation). Outcome variables of interest included measures of skeletal muscle mass, function, damage/repair, and energy metabolism. Quality assessment was completed with the relevant Johanna Briggs critical appraisal tool, and data were synthesized in a narrative manner. Thirty-two studies were included in the review. Compared to premenopausal women, postmenopausal women had reduced muscle mass and strength, but the effect of menopause on markers of muscle damage and expression of the genes involved in metabolic signaling pathways remains unclear. Some studies suggest a beneficial effect of estrogen therapy on muscle size and strength, but evidence is largely conflicting and inconclusive, potentially due to large variations in the reporting and status of exposure and outcomes. The findings from this review point toward a potential negative effect of estrogen deficiency on aging skeletal muscle, but further mechanistic evidence is needed to clarify its role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel J Critchlow
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Danielle Hiam
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Ross Williams
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - David Scott
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
| | - Séverine Lamon
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
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Caffarelli C, Al Refaie A, Baldassini L, Carrai P, Pondrelli CR, Gonnelli S. Bone fragility, sarcopenia and cardiac calcifications in an elderly population: a preliminary study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:1097-1105. [PMID: 36988828 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and sarcopenia are very common age-related conditions. This study aimed at investigating the relationships of cardiac calcifications, as assessed by using GCCS with BMD, fragility fractures and sarcopenia in elderly subjects. METHODS In a cohort of 106 subjects (age 70.4 ± 5.8 yrs) we measured lumbar (BMD-LS), femoral BMD (femoral neck: BMD-FN, total femur: BMD-TH) and body composition (BMD-WB) with Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) method. We also evaluated the presence of sarcopenia on the basis of the EWGSOP Consensus. All subjects, simultaneously, underwent to a transthoracic color doppler echocardiography exam to assess the presence of cardiac calcifications. The degree of non coronaric cardiac calcifications was evaluated using the Global Cardiac Calcium Score (GCCS). RESULTS The degree of cardiac calcification assessed by GCCS was significantly higher in osteoporotic patients (p < 0.001). Furthermore, an inverse correlation emerged between BMD and GCCS, statistical significance was found at lumbar spine and femoral sub-regions in female population (p < 0.01). Moreover by dividing population according to the presence of fragility fractures, we observed that GCCS values were significantly higher in subjects with fractures in respect of non-fractured ones (p < 0.05). Multiple regression models showed that BMD-LS and BMD-FT were independently associated with cardiac calcification. GCCS values were significantly associated with BMI and ASMM in women (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) and with handgrip strength in men (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm the presence of a relationship between cardiac calcifications and decreased BMD values. It's also the first study that relates sarcopenia and valvular calcifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Caffarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Al Refaie
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Leonardo Baldassini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Paolo Carrai
- Internal Medicine, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo Renato Pondrelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Gonnelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
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Caffarelli C, Cameli P, Al Refaie A, Giglio E, Manzana G, Mondillo C, Noacco Y, Olivieri C, Bargagli E, Gonnelli S. Bone fragility and sarcoidosis: An underestimated relationship. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1026028. [PMID: 36465894 PMCID: PMC9714273 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1026028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sarcoidosis is a chronic multisystem inflammatory disease which may affect any organ. Also bone can be involved both directly and indirectly. Data on BMD values and fragility fractures in sarcoidosis patients are few and heterogeneous. This study aimed to characterized the presence of fracture and the relative risk factors in patients with sarcoidosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this single center cross-sectional study we evaluated 252 sarcoidosis patients (54.7 ± 12.1 years) compared to sex-and age matched healthy controls. We measured BMD at lumbar spine, at femoral neck and at total hip. Moreover, the presence of fragility fractures was collected during osteoporosis visit and all radiological images were examined for the presence of any vertebral fracture according to Genant's method's. Lung function measurements, including forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were assessed. RESULTS Bone Mineral Density T-scores were lower in patients affected by sarcoidosis with respect to those obtained in healthy controls, but the difference was statistically significant only for BMD-LS (p < 0.01) and BMD-TH (p < 0.05). Moreover, BMD values at all skeletal sites were significantly associated with DLCO (%) (p < 0.05). The prevalence of fragility fracture was higher in patients with sarcoidosis than in healthy controls (30.6 vs. 12.3%). The patients with ≥3 vertebral fracture had lower values of FVC (%), FEV1 (%), and DLCO (%). Multiple regression analyses showed that BMI was positively associated with fragility fracture, while BMD-TH, DLCO(%) and therapy use was negatively associated. CONCLUSIONS Vertebral fractures represent a frequent complication in patients with sarcoidosis. Furthermore, the number of vertebral fractures was linked with a worsening in pulmonary functional tests. Therefore, the degree of severity of the sarcoidosis disease appears to be the main determinant of bone fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Caffarelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Paolo Cameli
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Al Refaie
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Giglio
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giulio Manzana
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Caterina Mondillo
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Yari Noacco
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Carmela Olivieri
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Bargagli
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Gonnelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Borghi S, Bonato M, La Torre A, Banfi G, Vitale JA. Interrelationship among thigh intermuscular adipose tissue, cross-sectional area, muscle strength, and functional mobility in older subjects. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29744. [PMID: 35777009 PMCID: PMC9239645 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between lower limb strength, muscle mass and composition, and balance ability in elders. Thirthy-four older participants (Age: 65.6 ± 4.73 years; male = 10 and female = 24) were assessed for muscle strength (maximal isometric strength of knee extensors and one repetition maximum by leg press, the one repetition maximum [1RM]), balance and gait capacity (Mini-BESTest), body composition by whole-body dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (obtaining Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index, ASMMI), and magnetic resonance imaging of thigh to evaluate Intermuscular Adipose Tissue (IMAT) and muscle Cross Sectional Area (CSA). Positive correlations between 1RM and ASMMI (rs = 0.64, P < .0001) and thigh CSA (rs = 0.52, P = .0017), but not with thigh IMAT, were found. In addition, significant correlations between knee extensors strength and ASMMI (rs = 0.48, P = .004) and thigh CSA (rs = 0.49, P = .0033) and IMAT (rs = -0.35, P = .043) were observed, whereas no significant correlations between the Mini-BESTest with ASMMI, thigh CSA, and IMAT were observed. Lower limb strength positively correlated with appendicular muscle mass. Further, the maximal isometric strength of knee extensors negatively correlated with thigh IMAT in elderly patients, whereas the dynamic balance ability did not correlate with any of the morphological variables of the muscle (i.e., ASMMI, CSA, and IMAT). A reduced muscle size and strength could affect movement and reduce physical function in older patients. Improving the composition and size of muscle in elder subjects could reduce frailty and risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Borghi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio La Torre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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6
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Caffarelli C, Mondanelli N, Crainz E, Giannotti S, Frediani B, Gonnelli S. The Phenotype of Bone Turnover in Patients with Fragility Hip Fracture: Experience in a Fracture Liaison Service Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127362. [PMID: 35742610 PMCID: PMC9223564 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Hip fragility fractures are becoming one of the main health care problems in countries with an aging population. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and the usefulness of bone turnover markers in patients with a hip fracture. Methods: In a cohort of 363 patients (84.1 ± 9.2 years) with hip fractures we measured 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), bone alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen β carboxy telopeptide (βCTX), and parathyroid hormone (PTH). We recorded patients’ Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and previous history of fragility fractures. Results: Vitamin D and PTH levels were inversely correlated (r = −024; p < 0.001). The prevalence of 25OHD deficiency was 57.8%, the PTH levels greater than 65 pg/mL was in 47.0 %, and in those who had βCTX values the upper limit was 61.8%. Moreover, 62% of patients with a fragility hip fracture had a history of a previous fracture. The 25OHD serum levels were inversely associated with CCI and a previous fragility fracture. On the contrary, PTH and βCTX serum levels showed a positive significant correlation with CCI and previous fragility fractures. Conclusion: This study confirmed the usefulness of a bone turnover markers assessment, along with the comorbidities and history of previous fragility fractures in order to better identify the risk of hip fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Caffarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Nicola Mondanelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Section of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (N.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Eduardo Crainz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Section of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Stefano Giannotti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Section of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (N.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Bruno Frediani
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Stefano Gonnelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0577-585468
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Passeri E, Sansone VA, Sconfienza LM, Messina C, Meola G, Corbetta S. Fragility fractures and bone mineral density in male patients affected by type 1 and type 2 myotonic dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2019; 30:28-34. [PMID: 31902642 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy is a multisystemic disorder affecting skeletal muscle. Male patients have an increased risk of fractures and develop a number of endocrine/metabolic impairments known to adversely affect bone health. The aim of this study was primarily to determine the occurrence of fragility fractures and the bone mineralization status (lumbar spine, hip and total body by dual X-ray absorptiometry) in 36 male patients affected with type 1 myotonic dystrophy and 13 male patients affected with type 2 myotonic dystrophy. Fragility fractures occurred in 15 type 1 and 7 type 2 myotonic dystrophy in non-classical osteoporotic sites, such as metatarses. Hip osteopenia was the most frequent finding, particularly in type 2 (n = 6) than type 1 myotonic dystrophy patients (n = 1), while osteoporosis was rare. Patients with type 1 myotonic dystrophy presented higher total body bone mass density than patients with type 2 myotonic dystrophy and healthy controls and lumbar spine was associated positively with the severity of the disease. Gonadic failure, with low testosterone and reduced INSL3 levels, visceral adiposity and insulin resistance correlated with reduced body mass index in both type 1 and type 2 myotonic dystrophic patients. The independent determinant of fragility fractures were low total body mass index, low blood testosterone and low global muscle mass.
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MESH Headings
- Absorptiometry, Photon
- Adult
- Body Mass Index
- Bone Density
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/diagnostic imaging
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/metabolism
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/pathology
- Fractures, Bone/diagnostic imaging
- Fractures, Bone/etiology
- Fractures, Bone/metabolism
- Fractures, Bone/pathology
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Myotonic Dystrophy/complications
- Myotonic Dystrophy/metabolism
- Myotonic Dystrophy/pathology
- Osteoporosis/diagnostic imaging
- Osteoporosis/etiology
- Osteoporosis/metabolism
- Osteoporosis/pathology
- Pelvic Bones/diagnostic imaging
- Pelvic Bones/pathology
- Testosterone/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- E Passeri
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, Milan 20161, Italy
| | - V A Sansone
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, University of Milan, The NEMO (NEuroMuscular Omniservice) Clinical Center, Milan 20162, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - L M Sconfienza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan 20161, Italy
| | - C Messina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan 20161, Italy
| | - G Meola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Neurology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy
| | - S Corbetta
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, Milan 20161, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Odontoiatric Sciences, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy.
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Sarcopenia and osteoporosis in older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Geriatr Med 2018; 9:419-434. [DOI: 10.1007/s41999-018-0079-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Ding Z, Chen Y, Xu Y, Zhou X, Xu Y, Ma Z, Sun Y. Impact of Age, Gender, and Body Composition on Bone Quality in an Adult Population From the Middle Areas of China. J Clin Densitom 2018; 21:83-90. [PMID: 28039045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Identifying modifiable factors that influence bone status during adulthood to maximize bone quality is a potential primary strategy in the prevention of osteoporosis in later life. We investigated the impact of body height, body weight, body mass index, and body composition on calcaneal bone characteristics as measured with quantitative ultrasound in 441 Chinese adults (238 women) aged 20-55 yr from the middle areas of China. Body composition, including fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass, and fat mass were obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Bivariate correlation analysis demonstrated a significant negative correlation between age and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), speed of sound (SOS), and stiffness index (SI) both in men (r = -0.177, p < 0.05; r = -0.499, p < 0.001; r = -0.530, p < 0.001, respectively) and women (r = -0.344, p < 0.001; r = -0.336, p < 0.001; r = -0.369, p < 0.001, respectively). Body height, body weight, FFM, and muscle mass had positive correlations with BUA, SOS, and SI in both genders, with FFM having the strongest correlation with BUA, SOS, and SI in men (r = 0.351, p < 0.001; r = 0.391, p < 0.001; r = 0.406, p < 0.001, respectively) and women (r = 0.331, p < 0.001; r = 0.288, p < 0.001; r = 0.324, p < 0.001, respectively). Fat mass had a positive correlation with BUA (r = 0.331, p < 0.001), SOS (r = 0.288, p < 0.001), and SI (r = 0.324, p < 0.001) in women, which was not found in men. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that, in both genders, FFM was a positive predictor for all 3 quantitative ultrasound variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Ding
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Automation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yubing Xu
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zuchang Ma
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yining Sun
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Manios Y, Moschonis G, Lambrinou CP, Tsoutsoulopoulou K, Binou P, Karachaliou A, Breidenassel C, Gonzalez-Gross M, Kiely M, Cashman KD. A systematic review of vitamin D status in southern European countries. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:2001-2036. [PMID: 29090332 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite an acknowledged dearth of data on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations from Southern European countries, inter-country comparison is hampered by inconsistent data reporting. The purpose of the current study was to conduct a systematic literature review of available data on serum 25(OH)D concentrations and estimate vitamin D status in Southern European and Eastern Mediterranean countries, both at a population level and within key population subgroups, stratified by age, sex, season and country. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify and retrieve scientific articles reporting data on serum 25(OH)D concentration and/or vitamin D status following standard procedures. RESULTS Data were extracted from 107 studies, stratified by sex and age group, representing 630,093 individuals. More than one-third of the studies reported mean 25(OH)D concentrations below 50 nmol/L and ~ 10% reported mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 25 nmol/L. Overall, females, neonates/ infants and adolescents had the higher prevalence of poor vitamin D status. As expected, there was considerable variability between studies. Specifically, mean 25(OH)D ranged from 6.0 (in Italian centenarians) to 158 nmol/L (in elderly Turkish men); the prevalence of serum 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L ranged from 6.8 to 97.9% (in Italian neonates). CONCLUSIONS Contrary to expectations, there was a high prevalence of low vitamin D status in the Southern Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean regions, despite abundant sunshine. These data further emphasize the need for strategies, such as fortification of foods with vitamin D and/or vitamin D supplementation, which will be tailored to the needs of specific population groups with higher risk of insufficiency or deficiency, to efficiently tackle the pandemic of hypovitaminosis D in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El Venizelou Avenue, Kallithea, 17671, Athens, Greece.
| | - George Moschonis
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, 3086, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christina-Paulina Lambrinou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El Venizelou Avenue, Kallithea, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Tsoutsoulopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El Venizelou Avenue, Kallithea, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Binou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El Venizelou Avenue, Kallithea, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Karachaliou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El Venizelou Avenue, Kallithea, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Breidenassel
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcela Gonzalez-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mairead Kiely
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kevin D Cashman
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Welch AA, Kelaiditi E, Jennings A, Steves CJ, Spector TD, MacGregor A. Dietary Magnesium Is Positively Associated With Skeletal Muscle Power and Indices of Muscle Mass and May Attenuate the Association Between Circulating C-Reactive Protein and Muscle Mass in Women. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:317-25. [PMID: 26288012 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength are risk factors for sarcopenia, osteoporosis, falls, fractures, frailty, and mortality. Dietary magnesium (Mg) could play a role in prevention of age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, power, and strength directly through physiological mechanisms or indirectly through an impact on chronic low-grade inflammation, itself a risk factor for loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. In a cross-sectional study of 2570 women aged 18 to 79 years, we examined associations between intakes of Mg, estimated using a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived measures of muscle mass (fat-free mass as a percentage of body weight [FFM%], fat-free mass index [FFMI, kg/m(2)]), leg explosive power (LEP), and grip strength (n = 949 only). We also examined associations between circulating hs-CRP (C-reactive protein) and muscle mass and LEP, and explored the potential attenuation of these relationships by Mg. We compared our findings with those of age and protein intake. Endpoints were calculated by quintile of Mg and adjusted for relevant confounders. Significant positive associations were found between a higher Mg and indices of skeletal muscle mass and LEP, and also with hs-CRP, after adjustment for covariates. Contrasting extreme quintiles of Mg intake showed differences of 2.6% for FFM% (p trend < 0.001), 0.4 kg/m(2) for FFMI (p trend = 0.005), and 19.6 watts/kg for LEP (p trend < 0.001). Compared with protein, these positive associations were 7 times greater for FFM% and 2.5 times greater for LEP. We also found that higher hs-CRP was negatively associated with skeletal muscle mass and, in statistical modeling, that a higher dietary Mg attenuated this negative relationship by 6.5%, with greater attenuation in women older than 50 years. No association was found between Mg and grip strength. Our results suggest that dietary magnesium may aid conservation of age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and power in women of all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailsa A Welch
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Amy Jennings
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, UK
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