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Taschner CA, Chapot R, Costalat V, Machi P, Courthéoux P, Barreau X, Berge J, Pierot L, Kadziolka K, Jean B, Blanc R, Biondi A, Brunel H, Gallas S, Berlis A, Herbreteau D, Berkefeld J, Urbach H, Elsheikh S, Fiehler J, Desal H, Graf E, Bonafé A. Second-Generation Hydrogel Coils for the Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Stroke 2018; 49:667-674. [PMID: 29437981 PMCID: PMC5839703 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.018707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background and Purpose— Endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysms with hydrogel-coated coils lowers the risk of major recurrence, but technical limitations (coil stiffness and time restriction for placement) have prevented their wider clinical use. We aimed to assess the efficacy of softer, second-generation hydrogel coils. Methods— A randomized controlled trial was conducted at 22 centers in France and Germany. Patients aged 18 to 75 years with untreated ruptured or unruptured intracranial aneurysms measuring 4 to 12 mm in diameter were eligible and randomized (1:1 using a web-based system, stratified by rupture status) to coiling with either second-generation hydrogel coils or bare platinum coils. Assist devices were allowed as clinically required. Independent imaging core laboratory was masked to allocation. Primary end point was a composite outcome measure including major aneurysm recurrence, aneurysm retreatment, morbidity that prevented angiographic controls, and any death during treatment and follow-up. Data were analyzed as randomized. Results— Randomization began on October 15, 2009, and stopped on January 31, 2014, after 513 patients (hydrogel, n=256; bare platinum, n=257); 20 patients were excluded for missing informed consent and 9 for treatment-related criteria. Four hundred eighty-four patients (hydrogel, n=243; bare platinum, n=241) were included in the analysis; 208 (43%) were treated for ruptured aneurysms. Final end point data were available for 456 patients. Forty-five out of 226 (19.9%) patients in the hydrogel group and 66/230 (28.7%) in the control group had an unfavorable composite primary outcome, giving a statistically significant reduction in the proportion of an unfavorable composite primary outcome with hydrogel coils—adjusted for rupture status—of 8.4% (95% confidence interval, 0.5–16.2; P=0.036). Adverse and serious adverse events were evenly distributed between groups. Conclusions— Our results suggest that endovascular coil embolization with second-generation hydrogel coils may reduce the rate of unfavorable outcome events in patients with small- and medium-sized intracranial aneurysms. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: https://www.drks.de/drks_web/. Unique identifier: DRKS00003132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Taschner
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.).
| | - René Chapot
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Vincent Costalat
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Paolo Machi
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Patrick Courthéoux
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Xavier Barreau
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Jérôme Berge
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Laurent Pierot
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Krzysztof Kadziolka
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Betty Jean
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Raphaël Blanc
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Alessandra Biondi
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Hervé Brunel
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Sophie Gallas
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Ansgar Berlis
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Denis Herbreteau
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Joachim Berkefeld
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Horst Urbach
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Samer Elsheikh
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Jens Fiehler
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Hubert Desal
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Erika Graf
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
| | - Alain Bonafé
- From the Department of Neuroradiology (C.A.T., H.U., S.E.) and Clinical Trials Unit (E.G.), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France (V.C., P.M., A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, France (P.C.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, France (X.B., J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Reims, France (L.P., K.K.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France (B.J.); Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France (R.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, France (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Marseille, France (H.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France (S.G.); Department of Neuroradiology, Augsburg Hospital, Germany (A.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tours, France (D.H.); Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany (J.B.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.); and Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, France (H.D.)
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