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Xu Y, Ahmed I, Zhao Z, Lv L. A comprehensive review on glycation and its potential application to reduce food allergenicity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37683268 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2248510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Food allergens are a major concern for individuals who are susceptible to food allergies and may experience various health issues due to allergens in their food. Most allergenic foods are subjected to heat treatment before being consumed. However, thermal processing and prolonged storage can cause glycation reactions to occur in food. The glycation reaction is a common processing method requiring no special chemicals or equipment. It may affect the allergenicity of proteins by altering the structure of the epitope, revealing hidden epitopes, concealing linear epitopes, or creating new ones. Changes in food allergenicity following glycation processing depend on several factors, including the allergen's characteristics, processing parameters, and matrix, and are therefore hard to predict. This review examines how glycation reactions affect the allergenicity of different allergen groups in allergenic foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ishfaq Ahmed
- Haide College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhengxi Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liangtao Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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Huang Z, Zheng X, Chen Z, Zheng Z, Yao D, Yang S, Zhang Y, Aweya JJ. Modulation of SREBP Expression and Fatty Acid Levels by Bacteria-Induced ER Stress Is Mediated by Hemocyanin in Penaeid Shrimp. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030164. [PMID: 36976213 PMCID: PMC10055750 DOI: 10.3390/md21030164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many environmental and pathogenic insults induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in animals, especially in aquatic ecosystems, where these factors are crucial for life. In penaeid shrimp, pathogens and environmental stressors induce hemocyanin expression, but the involvement of hemocyanin in ER stress response is unknown. We demonstrate that in response to pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Streptococcus iniae), hemocyanin, ER stress proteins (Bip, Xbp1s, and Chop), and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) are induced to alter fatty acid levels in Penaeus vannamei. Interestingly, hemocyanin interacts with ER stress proteins to modulate SREBP expression, while ER stress inhibition with 4-Phenylbutyric acid or hemocyanin knockdown attenuates the expression of ER stress proteins, SREBP, and fatty acid levels. Contrarily, hemocyanin knockdown followed by tunicamycin treatment (ER stress activator) increased their expression. Thus, hemocyanin mediates ER stress during pathogen challenge, which consequently modulates SREBP to regulate the expression of downstream lipogenic genes and fatty acid levels. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism employed by penaeid shrimp to counteract pathogen-induced ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zeyan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shen Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (J.J.A.); Tel.: +86-13615050594 (J.J.A.); +86-754-86502580 (Y.L.Z.)
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (J.J.A.); Tel.: +86-13615050594 (J.J.A.); +86-754-86502580 (Y.L.Z.)
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Bux K, Shen X, Tariq M, Yin J, Moin ST, Bhowmik D, Haider S. Inter-Subunit Dynamics Controls Tunnel Formation During the Oxygenation Process in Hemocyanin Hexamers. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:710623. [PMID: 34604302 PMCID: PMC8479113 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.710623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemocyanin from horseshoe crab in its active form is a homo-hexameric protein. It exists in open and closed conformations when transitioning between deoxygenated and oxygenated states. Here, we present a detailed dynamic atomistic investigation of the oxygenated and deoxygenated states of the hexameric hemocyanin using explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations. We focus on the variation in solvent cavities and the formation of tunnels in the two conformational states. By employing principal component analysis and CVAE-based deep learning, we are able to differentiate between the dynamics of the deoxy- and oxygenated states of hemocyanin. Finally, our results identify the deoxygenated open conformation, which adopts a stable, closed conformation after the oxygenation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khair Bux
- Third World Center for Science and Technology, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Xiayu Shen
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Third World Center for Science and Technology, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Junqi Yin
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Syed Tarique Moin
- Third World Center for Science and Technology, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Debsindhu Bhowmik
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computer Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
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Liang Y, Xie W, Luan Y. Developmental expression and evolution of hexamerin and haemocyanin from Folsomia candida (Collembola). INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 28:716-727. [PMID: 30953580 PMCID: PMC6850205 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Haemocyanins constitute a group of copper-containing respiratory proteins, and hexamerins were derived from hexapod haemocyanin but lost the ability to transport oxygen and serve as storage proteins. Although hexamerins have been reported in most insect species, none of them has been identified in Collembola, one of the most primitive hexapod lineages, thereby preventing us from exploring relevant evolutionary scenarios regarding the origin and evolution of hexamerins in hexapods. Here we report on collembolan hexamerins for the first time, and investigated the temporal expression profiles of hexamerin and haemocyanin in the collembolan Folsomia candida. Haemocyanin was expressed over the entire life cycle, with higher expression at the embryonic stage than at other stages, whereas hexamerin expression was restricted to embryos, unlike insect hexamerins, which are generally expressed from larval to adult stages. A phylogenetic analysis and molecular clock estimation suggested that all investigated hexapod hexamerins have a single and ancient origin (~423 Ma), coincident with the rise of atmospheric oxygen levels in the Silurian-Devonian period, indicating a physiological link between molecular evolution and Palaeozoic oxygen changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Liang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary BiologyShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - W. Xie
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary BiologyShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Y.‐X. Luan
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary BiologyShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied TechnologyInstitute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Scherbaum S, Hellmann N, Fernández R, Pick C, Burmester T. Diversity, evolution, and function of myriapod hemocyanins. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:107. [PMID: 29976142 PMCID: PMC6034248 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hemocyanin transports O2 in the hemolymph of many arthropod species. Such respiratory proteins have long been considered unnecessary in Myriapoda. As a result, the presence of hemocyanin in Myriapoda has long been overlooked. We analyzed transcriptome and genome sequences from all major myriapod taxa – Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Symphyla, and Pauropoda – with the aim of identifying hemocyanin-like proteins. Results We investigated the genomes and transcriptomes of 56 myriapod species and identified 46 novel full-length hemocyanin subunit sequences in 20 species of Chilopoda, Diplopoda, and Symphyla, but not Pauropoda. We found in Cleidogona sp. (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida) a hemocyanin-like sequence with mutated copper-binding centers, which cannot bind O2. An RNA-seq approach showed markedly different hemocyanin mRNA levels from ~ 6 to 25,000 reads per kilobase per million reads. To evaluate the contribution of hemocyanin to O2 transport, we specifically studied the hemocyanin of the centipede Scolopendra dehaani. This species harbors two distinct hemocyanin subunits with low expression levels. We showed cooperative O2 binding in the S. dehaani hemolymph, indicating that hemocyanin supports O2 transport even at low concentration. Further, we demonstrated that hemocyanin is > 1500-fold more highly expressed in the fertilized egg than in the adult. Conclusion Hemocyanin was most likely the respiratory protein in the myriapod stem-lineage, but multiple taxa may have independently lost hemocyanin and thus the ability of efficient O2 transport. In myriapods, hemocyanin is much more widespread than initially appreciated. Some myriapods express hemocyanin only at low levels, which are, nevertheless, sufficient for O2 supply. Notably, also in myriapods, a non-respiratory protein similar to insect storage hexamerins evolved from the hemocyanin. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1221-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Institute for Biophysics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, D-55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rosa Fernández
- Museum of Comparative Zoology & Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Bioinformatics & Genomics Unit, Center for Genomic Regulation, 08004, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Pick
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, D-20146, Hamburg, Germany
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Sun S, Xuan F, Fu H, Zhu J, Ge X, Wu X. Molecular cloning, mRNA expression and characterization of membrane-bound hemoglobin in oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 207:36-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Johnson JG, Burnett LE, Burnett KG. Uncovering Hemocyanin Subunit Heterogeneity in Penaeid Shrimp using RNA-Seq. Integr Comp Biol 2016; 56:1080-1091. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icw088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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Pinnow P, Fabrizius A, Pick C, Burmester T. Identification and characterisation of hemocyanin of the fish louse Argulus (Crustacea: Branchiura). J Comp Physiol B 2015; 186:161-8. [PMID: 26515963 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-015-0943-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hemocyanin transports oxygen in the hemolymph of many arthropod species. Within the crustaceans, this copper-containing protein was thought to be restricted to Malacostraca, while other crustacean classes were assumed to employ hemoglobin or lack any respiratory protein. Only recently it has become evident that hemocyanins also occur in Remipedia and Ostracoda. Here we report for the first time the identification and characterisation of hemocyanin in the fish louse Argulus, which belongs to the class of Branchiura. This finding indicates that hemocyanin was the principal oxygen carrier in the stem lineage of the pancrustaceans, but has been lost independently multiple times in crustacean taxa. We obtained the full-length cDNA sequences of two hemocyanin subunits of Argulus foliaceus by a combination of RT-PCR, RACE and Illumina sequencing of the transcriptome. In addition, one full-length and one partial cDNA sequence were derived from the transcriptome data of Argulus siamensis. Western blot analysis confirmed the presence of at least two hemocyanin subunits in A. foliaceus, which are expressed at the mRNA level at a 1:3.5 ratio. The addition to the branchiuran hemocyanin subunits to a multiple sequence alignment of arthropod, hemocyanins improved the phylogenetic resolution within the pancrustacean hemocyanins. Malacostracan, ostracod and branchiuran hemocyanins are distinct from the hexapod and remipede hemocyanins, reinforcing the hypothesis of a close relationship of Remipedia and Hexapoda. Notably, the ostracod hemocyanins are paraphyletic with respect to the branchiuran hemocyanins, indicating ancient divergence and differential loss of distinct subunit types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Pinnow
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrej Fabrizius
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Pick
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Burmester
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.
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Burmester T. Evolution of Respiratory Proteins across the Pancrustacea. Integr Comp Biol 2015; 55:792-801. [PMID: 26130703 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icv079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory proteins enhance the capacity of the blood for oxygen transport and support intracellular storage and delivery of oxygen. Hemocyanin and hemoglobin are the respiratory proteins that occur in the Pancrustacea. The copper-containing hemocyanins evolved from phenoloxidases in the stem lineage of arthropods. For a long time, hemocyanins had only been known from the malacostracan crustaceans but recent studies identified hemocyanin also in Remipedia, Ostracoda, and Branchiura. Hemoglobins are common in the Branchiopoda but have also been sporadically found in other crustacean classes (Malacostraca, Copepoda, Thecostraca). Respiratory proteins had long been considered unnecessary in the hexapods because of the tracheal system. Only chironomids, some backswimmers, and the horse botfly, which all live under hypoxic conditions, were known exceptions and possess hemoglobins. However, recent data suggest that hemocyanins occur in most ametabolous and hemimetabolous insects. Phylogenetic analysis showed the hemocyanins of insects and Remipedia to be similar, suggesting a close relationship of these taxa. Hemocyanin has been lost in dragonflies, mayflies, and Eumetabola (Hemiptera + Holometabola). In cockroaches and grasshoppers, hemocyanin expression is restricted to the developing embryo while in adults oxygen is supplied solely by the tracheal system. This pattern suggests that hemocyanin was the oxygen-transport protein in the hemolymph of the last common ancestor of the pancrustaceans. The loss was probably associated with miniaturization, a period of restricted availability of oxygen, a change in life-style, or morphological changes. Once lost, hemocyanin was not regained. Some pancrustaceans also possess cellular globin genes with uncertain functions, which are expressed at low levels. When a respiratory protein was again required, hemoglobins evolved several times independently from cellular globins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Burmester
- Institute of Zoology, Biocenter Grindel, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
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