1
|
Sihoka C, Wagenaar I, van Dyk C. Metal bioaccumulation and histological alterations in Oreochromis andersonii at Itezhi-tezhi Dam downstream of a mining area in the Central Province of Zambia. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 107:104394. [PMID: 38382585 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The Itezhi-tezhi Dam on the Kafue River in Zambia is a major capture fishery. However, the upstream reaches of the Kafue River receive effluents from copper mines. It was unclear whether fish health in the dam is adversely affected due to the mining effluents. We investigated the health status of fish in Itezhi-tezh Dam using a histology-based fish health assessment protocol with Oreochromis andersonii as a bioindicator. Fish were sampled in the Itezhi-tezh Dam and at a reference site further upstream on the Kafue River before it enters the mining region. Metal bioaccumulation, biometric indices and histological alterations in the gills, gonads, hearts, kidneys and livers were assessed. The findings revealed significantly higher copper and selenium sediment concentrations (p = 0.02843 and p = 0.02107 respectively), bioaccumulation of copper and selenium, and increased histological alterations in the gills, kidneys and livers of fish in the Itezhi-tezhi Dam.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Sihoka
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Ina Wagenaar
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Cobus van Dyk
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Simukoko CK, Mwakalapa EB, Bwalya P, Muzandu K, Berg V, Mutoloki S, Polder A, Lyche JL. Assessment of heavy metals in wild and farmed tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) on Lake Kariba, Zambia: implications for human and fish health. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 39:74-91. [PMID: 34702139 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1975830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the levels of heavy metals in both wild and farmed tilapia on Lake Kariba in Zambia and to evaluate the impact of intensive fish farming on wild tilapia. Three sites for wild fish (2 distant and 1 proximal to fish farms) and two fish farms were selected. One hundred fish (52 from distant sites; 20 near fish farms; 28 farmed fish) were sampled and muscle tissues excised for analysis of heavy metals (Mg, Fe, Zn, Al, Cu, Se, Co, Mo, As, Cr, V, Ni, Hg, Pb, Li, Cd, and Ag) by acid (HNO3) digestion and ICP-MS. All metals were found to be below the maximum limits (MLs) set by WHO/EU. Essential metals were higher in farmed tilapia, whereas non-essential metals were higher in wild tilapia. Significantly higher levels of essential metals were found in wild fish near the fish farms than those distant from the farms. Estimated weekly intake (EWI) for all metals were less than the provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWI). Target hazard quotients (THQ) and Hazard Indices (HI) were <1, indicating no health risks from a lifetime of fish consumption. Selenium Health Benefit Value (HBVSe) was positive for all locations, indicating protective effects of selenium against mercury in fish. Total cancer risk (CR) due to As, Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb was less than 1 × 10-4, indicating less than 1 in 10,000 carcinogenic risk from a lifetime consumption of tilapia from Lake Kariba. Hg levels (0.021 mg/kg) in wild tilapia at site 1 were higher than the Environmental quality standard (EQS = 0.020 mg/kg) set by EU, indicating possible risk of adverse effects to fish. Except for Hg, levels of metals in fish were safe for human consumption and had no adverse effects on fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chalumba Kachusi Simukoko
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.,Department, Biomedical Sciences, University, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Patricia Bwalya
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Section of Aquatic Medicine and Nutrition, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kaampwe Muzandu
- Department, Biomedical Sciences, University, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Vidar Berg
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Stephen Mutoloki
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Section of Aquatic Medicine and Nutrition, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anuschka Polder
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Jan Ludvig Lyche
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ishii C, Ikenaka Y, Nakayama SMM, Mizukawa H, Yohannes YB, Watanuki Y, Fukuwaka M, Ishizuka M. Contamination status and accumulation characteristics of heavy metals and arsenic in five seabird species from the central Bering Sea. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:807-814. [PMID: 28302954 PMCID: PMC5402206 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Seabirds are marine top predators and accumulate high levels of metals and metalloids in
their tissues. Contamination by metals in the highly productive offshore region has become
a matter of public concern. It is home to 80% of the seabird population in the U.S.A., 95%
of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus), and major populations of
Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus), walruses (Odobenus
rosmarus) and whales. Here, the concentrations of eight heavy metals (Hg, Cd,
Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb) and a metalloid (As) in the liver and kidneys of the northern
fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis), thick-billed murre (Uria
lomvia), short-tailed shearwater (Puffinus tenuirostris),
tufted puffin (Fratercula cirrhata) and horned puffin (Fratercula
corniculata) collected in the Bering Sea were measured. As proxies of trophic
level and habitat, nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) stable isotope
ratios of breast muscles were also measured. Hepatic Hg concentration was high in northern
fulmar, whereas Cd level was high in tufted puffin and northern fulmar. The Hg
concentration and δ15N value were positively correlated across individual
birds, suggesting that Hg uptake was linked to the trophic status of consumed prey.
Furthermore, Hg concentration in our study was higher than those of the same species of
seabirds collected in 1990.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Ishii
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.,Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Shouta M M Nakayama
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hazuki Mizukawa
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yared Beyene Yohannes
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Science, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yutaka Watanuki
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan
| | - Masaaki Fukuwaka
- Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 2-2-4-1 Nakanoshima, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-0922, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| |
Collapse
|