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Mohamed M, Harahsheh A, Choueiter N, Agha HM, Alrabte H, Abu Al-Saoud SY, Al-Saloos H, Al Senaidi K, Alzyoud R, Al Awadhi Z, Belbouab R, Bouayed K, Bouaziz A, El Ganzoury M, Fitouri Z, Kotby A, Ladj MS, Bekkar MM, Rugige N, Salih AF, Sulaiman M, Dahdah N. Advancing Kawasaki Disease Research in the Arab World: Scoping Literature Review Analysis with Emphasis on Giant Coronary Aneurysms. Pediatr Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00246-024-03589-4. [PMID: 39037592 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-024-03589-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
To evaluate giant aneurysms (GiAn) prevalence in Arab countries and examine contributing factors; and to review Kawasaki disease (KD) publication trends and collaborations among Arab nations. A scoping literature review was conducted to analyze the publications across the Arab world, spanning 16 countries from 1978 to 2023. The collected articles were a combination of database search with a call on Kawasaki Disease Arab Initiative (Kawarabi) members to share non-PubMed publications. Over 45 years, 50 articles originated from the Arab Countries with a 30% average annual growth rate in KD research output. Publications were evenly split between case reports (42%) and institutional series (52%). Research productivity lagged in developing nations with UAE, KSA and Egypt, contributed to 64% of total publications. Among 26 institutional series, 256 coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) from a total of 1264 KD cases were reported. Of those, 25 CAA were GiAn (prevalence 1.43% [range 0-12.5%]). The initial KD misdiagnosis rate was 4%, and incomplete KD (iKD) averaged 10.6%. Series (38.5%) that did not report iKD correlated with a higher prevalence of CAA, but not of GiAn. Longer fever duration emerged as a pivotal factor for GiAn (OR 5.06, 95%CI 1.51-17). This review unveils the research landscape of KD in the Arab world over 45 years. Initial misdiagnosis, untreated cases, delayed diagnosis and underreporting of iKD are contributing factors for an underestimated epidemiology, explaining the higher GiAn prevalence. This calls for strategic interventions to enhance KD research in these countries, aligning with Kawarabi's mission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Mohamed
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ashraf Harahsheh
- Division of Cardiology Department of PediatricsSchool of Medicine & Health Sciences, Children's National Hospital, The George Washington University, Washington, USA
| | | | - Hala M Agha
- Pediatric Cardiology Division, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanifa Alrabte
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Tripoli Children Hospital, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Sima Y Abu Al-Saoud
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Makassed Hospital, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Hesham Al-Saloos
- Division of Cardiology, Sidra Medicine, Clinical Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar
| | - Khalfan Al Senaidi
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Raed Alzyoud
- Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology Division, Queen Rania Children's Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zainab Al Awadhi
- Al Jalila Children's Speciality Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reda Belbouab
- Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Department University Hospital, Mustapha Bacha Algiers, Algiers University, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Kenza Bouayed
- Abderrahim Harouchi Mother-Child Hospital, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Asma Bouaziz
- Headmaster of Children and Neonatal Department, Hôpital Régional Ben Arous, Ben Arous, Tunisia
| | - Mona El Ganzoury
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zohra Fitouri
- Division of Rheumatology, Emergency Department of Béchir Hamza Pediatric Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Alyaa Kotby
- Pediatric Cardiology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Ladj
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Djillali Belkhenchir University Hospital, Algiers University, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Mokhtar Bekkar
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, CHU Oran, Oran University, Oran, Algeria
| | - Najat Rugige
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Benghazi Children Hospital, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Aso Faeq Salih
- Pediatric Cardiology Department/Children's Heart Hospital, Sulaimani College of Medicine-Sulaimani University, Al-Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
| | | | - Nagib Dahdah
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada.
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Arab Y, Harahsheh AS, Dahdah N, El-Kholy N, Abed MY, Abu Al-Saoud SY, Agha HM, Alahmadi F, Alamer SR, Awadhi ZA, Ali S, Ali MT, Alrabte H, Al-Saloos H, Al-Senaidi KS, Alzyoud R, Awidat N, Bouayed K, Bouaziz A, Boukari R, El Ganzoury MM, Elmarsafawy HM, Elrugige N, Fitouri Z, Kotby A, Ladj MS, Bekkar M, Mouawad P, Salih AF, Suleiman M, Choueiter NF. Kawarabi: Administrative Structuring of a Multicenter Research Collaborative to Study Kawasaki Disease in the Arab Countries. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2024; 15:177-183. [PMID: 37981829 DOI: 10.1177/21501351231205570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD), the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries, merits conducting detailed studies in Arab countries. We introduce Kawarabi, as a multicenter research collaborative effort dedicated to improving diagnosis, care, and outcome of children and adults with KD in the Arab world. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there emerged a new multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children; a disease similar to KD. This highlighted the challenges that Arab physicians face in diagnosing and managing children with KD and KD-like illnesses. Kawarabi brings together experts in North America and Arab nations to study this family of diseases in a not-for-profit, voluntary scientific collaborative setting. Bylaws addressing the vision, objectives, structure, and governance of Kawarabi were established, and vetted by the 45 organizing members in 2021. An initial scientific publication showed evidence of a decreased level of awareness of the disease in the general population, as well as the lack of access to resources available for physicians caring for children with KD in Arab countries. Kawarabi has since held several educational webinars and an inaugural yearly meeting. The groundwork for future initiatives targeted at increasing awareness and understanding of the management and the long-term outcomes of children with KD in the region was established. Data on KD in the Arab world are lacking. Kawarabi is a multicenter research collaborative organization that has the unique resources, diversified ethnic makeup, and energy, to accomplish significant advances in our understanding and management of KD and its variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra Arab
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ashraf S Harahsheh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nagib Dahdah
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, CHU Ste-Justine, Montreal, Canada
- Professor of Pediatrics - Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Maysam Y Abed
- Al-Ramadi Maternity and Child Teaching Hospital, Al-Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Sima Y Abu Al-Saoud
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Makassed Hospital, Al-Quds University, East- Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Hala M Agha
- Pediatric Cardiology Division, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fahad Alahmadi
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suad R Alamer
- Mohammed Bin Khalifa Bin Salman Al Khalifa Cardiac Centre, Awali, Bahrain
| | - Zainab Al Awadhi
- Al Jalila Children's Speciality Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sulafa Ali
- Sudan Heart Center, University of Kharthoum, Kharthoum, Sudan
| | | | - Hanifa Alrabte
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Tripoli Children Hospital, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Hesham Al-Saloos
- Division of Cardiology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Clinical Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalfan S Al-Senaidi
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Raed Alzyoud
- Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology Division, Queen Rania Children's Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Kenza Bouayed
- Abderrahim Harouchi Mother-Child Hospital, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Asma Bouaziz
- Children and Neonatal Department, Hôpital Régional, Ben Arous, Tunisia
| | - Rachida Boukari
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Mustapha Bacha, Algiers University, Alger, Algeria
| | - Mona M El Ganzoury
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala M Elmarsafawy
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Najat Elrugige
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Benghazi Children Hospital, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Zohra Fitouri
- Division of Rheumatology, Pediatric Hospital of Béchir Hamza of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Alyaa Kotby
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Ladj
- Department of Pediatrics, Djillali Belkhenchir University Hospital, Algiers, Algeria
- Faculty of Medicine, Algiers University, Alger, Algeria
| | - Mokhtar Bekkar
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Oran, Oran, Algeria
| | - Pierre Mouawad
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aso F Salih
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Children's Heart Hospital-Sulaimani College of Medicine, Sulaimani University, Al-Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
| | | | - Nadine F Choueiter
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Bitar F, Arabi M, Bulbul Z, Nemer G, Jassar Y, Bitar FF, Abdul Sater Z. Congenital heart disease research landscape in the Arab world: a 25-year bibliometric review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 10:1332291. [PMID: 38274308 PMCID: PMC10808431 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1332291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background While research on congenital heart disease has been extensively conducted worldwide, comprehensive studies from developing countries and the Arab world remain scarce. Aim This study aims to perform a bibliometric review of research on congenital heart disease in the Arab world from 1997 to 2022. Methods We analyzed data from the Web of Science, encompassing various aspects such as topics, countries, research output, citations, authors, collaborations, and affiliations. This comprehensive science mapping analysis was done using the R statistical software's Bibliometrix Package. Results The research output from Arab countries over the 25 years showed an average annual growth rate of 11.5%. However, Arab countries exhibited lower research productivity than the United States and Europe, with a 24-fold difference. There was substantial variation in research output among 22 Arab countries, with five countries contributing to 78% of the total publications. Most of the published research was clinical, with limited innovative contributions and a preference for regional journals. High-income Arab countries displayed higher research productivity and citation rates than their low-income developing counterparts. Despite being categorized as upper-middle-income, post-conflict countries exhibited low research productivity. About one-quarter of the published articles (26%) resulted from collaborative efforts among multiple countries, with the United States being the most frequent collaborator. Enhanced research productivity and impact output were strongly associated with increased international cooperation. Conclusion Research productivity in the Arab region closely correlates with a country's GDP. Success hinges on governmental support, funding, international collaboration, and a clear research vision. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, educational institutions, and governments to strengthen research programs and nurture a research culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Bitar
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mariam Arabi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Heart Center, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Bulbul
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Heart Center, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Georges Nemer
- Genomics and Precision Medicine (GPM), College of Health and Life Sciences at Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yehya Jassar
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Heart Center, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fadi F. Bitar
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Heart Center, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zahi Abdul Sater
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, Phoenicia University, Mazraat El Daoudiyeh, Lebanon
- Global Health Institute, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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