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Kardos M, Curione D, Valverde I, van Schuppen J, Goo HW, Kellenberger CJ, Secinaro A, Caro-Domínguez P. Pediatric Cardiovascular Computed Tomography: Clinical Indications, Technique, and Standardized Reporting. Recommendations From the Cardiothoracic Taskforce of the European Society of Pediatric Radiology. J Thorac Imaging 2024; 39:18-33. [PMID: 37884389 DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart diseases affect 1% of all live births in the general population. The prognosis of these children is increasingly improving due to advances in medical care and surgical treatment. Imaging is also evolving rapidly to assess accurately complex cardiac anomalies prenatally and postnatally. Transthoracic echocardiography is the gold-standard imaging technique to diagnose and follow-up children with congenital heart disease. Cardiac computed tomography imaging plays a key role in the diagnosis of children with congenital heart defects that require intervention, due to its high temporal and spatial resolution, with low radiation doses. It is challenging for radiologists, not primarily specialized in this field, to perform and interpret these studies due to the difficult anatomy, physiology, and postsurgical changes. Technical challenges consist of necessary electrocardiogram gating and contrast bolus timing to obtain an optimal examination. This article aims to define indications for pediatric cardiac computed tomography, to explain how to perform and report these studies, and to discuss future applications of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kardos
- Department of Functional Diagnostics, Children's Cardiac Center, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Davide Curione
- Department of Imaging, Advanced Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesu, Rome, Italy
| | - Israel Valverde
- Department of Radiology, Pediatric Radiology Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Joost van Schuppen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Emma Children's Hospital-Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hyun Woo Goo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asian Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Aurelio Secinaro
- Department of Imaging, Advanced Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesu, Rome, Italy
| | - Pablo Caro-Domínguez
- Department of Radiology, Pediatric Radiology Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain
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Computed tomography of the airways and lungs in congenital heart disease. Pediatr Radiol 2022; 52:2529-2537. [PMID: 34562108 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-021-05186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The presence of airway and lung disease in children with congenital heart disease is commonly observed with both cardiac CT angiography and routine chest CT. In this review we discuss abnormalities encountered on CT imaging of the chest beyond the heart and central vasculature, focusing on the airways, lung parenchyma and peripheral vasculature. Preoperative and postoperative findings are reviewed as well.
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Tanimoto T, Noda T, Nouso H, Miyata Y. A case of esophageal atresia complicated by a right-sided aortic arch with right ductus arteriosus and inferior vena cava interruption with hemiazygos continuation. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2021.102167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Clinical implications of congenital interruption of inferior vena cava. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:1938-1944. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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OUP accepted manuscript. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 23:e279-e289. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeac048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Predisposing conditions for bacterial meningitis in children: what radiologists need to know. Jpn J Radiol 2021; 40:1-18. [PMID: 34432172 PMCID: PMC8732808 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-021-01191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A variety of underlying diseases can predispose infants and children to bacterial meningitis (BM). For the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of its recurrence, radiologists should be familiar with its predisposing conditions so that they can suggest the appropriate imaging approach. Predisposing conditions of BM can be broadly classified into two categories: infection spread from the adjacent tissue to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space and immunodeficiency. Diseases in the former category are further divided according to regardless of whether there is a structural defect between the CSF space and the adjacent tissue. When a structural defect is suspected in a patient with BM, computed tomography (CT) of the head and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are first-line imaging examinations. Radionuclide cisternography should be implemented as a second-line step to identify the CSF leak site. In patients with suspected parameningeal infection without any structural defect, such as sinusitis or otitis media/mastoiditis, CT or MR images can identify not only the disease itself but also the associated intracranial complications. The purpose of this article is to discuss the diagnostic approach and imaging findings associated with the variety of conditions predisposing patients to recurrent BM, focusing on the role of radiology in their management.
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Goo HW, Siripornpitak S, Chen SJ, Lilyasari O, Zhong YM, Latiff HA, Maeda E, Kim YJ, Tsai IC, Seo DM. Pediatric Cardiothoracic CT Guideline Provided by the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging Congenital Heart Disease Study Group: Part 2. Contemporary Clinical Applications. Korean J Radiol 2021; 22:1397-1415. [PMID: 33987995 PMCID: PMC8316776 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2020.1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of pediatric cardiothoracic CT for congenital heart disease (CHD) was traditionally limited to the morphologic evaluation of the extracardiac thoracic vessels, lungs, and airways. Currently, the applications of CT have increased, owing to technological advancements in hardware and software as well as several dose-reduction measures. In the previously published part 1 of the guideline by the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging Congenital Heart Disease Study Group, we reviewed the prerequisite technical knowledge for clinical applications in a user-friendly and vendor-specific manner. Herein, we present the second part of our guideline on contemporary clinical applications of pediatric cardiothoracic CT for CHD based on the consensus of experts from the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging CHD Study Group. This guideline describes up-to-date clinical applications effectively in a systematic fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Goo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Suvipaporn Siripornpitak
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shyh Jye Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University, Medical College and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Oktavia Lilyasari
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yu Min Zhong
- Diagnostic Imaging Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifa Abdul Latiff
- Pediatric and Congenital Heart Centre, Institut Jantung Negara, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eriko Maeda
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Chen Tsai
- Congenital Heart Disease Study Group Member of the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dong Man Seo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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