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Mondal S, Ravishankar Rai V. Molecular profiling and anti-infective potency of endophytic actinomycetes inhabiting Madhuca insignis Radlk., from Western Ghats of India. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:36. [PMID: 33625604 PMCID: PMC7903210 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Endophytic actinomycetes are well known for their diverse bioactive entities and considered as an important source for drug development research. Results We isolated and identified four potential endophytic Streptomyces species, i.e., Streptomyces misionensis MI22, Streptomyces roietensis MI24, Streptomyces glaucescens MI29, and Streptomyces sp. MI04 inhabiting Madhuca insignis by its characteristic morphological features and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. S. misionensis MI22 exhibits a broad spectrum of anti-microbial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (25.00 ± 1.00 mm) followed by Bacillus subtilis (23.66 ± 0.57 mm), Escherichia coli (22.00 ± 0.00 mm), and Candida albicans (18.00 ± 0.00 mm). Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the ethyl acetate fraction of S. misionensis MI22 against test pathogens were ranged from 25 to 100 μg/mL. Indeed, strain MI22 also exhibited significant anti-proliferative activity against HeLa cell line with IC50 value 98 μg/mL and showed no cytotoxicity effect to the normal human embryonic kidney cell line in the MTT assay. The anti-microbial metabolites from strain MI22 were detected at Rf 0.55 as depicted by the inhibition zone on the intensive band in TLC-bioautography assay. Conclusion The study indicates that, anti-microbial metabolites of these endophytic Streptomyces species, especially S. misionensis MI22 as a prolific source to discover novel bioactive metabolites to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Mondal
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - V Ravishankar Rai
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570006, India.
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2
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Analysis of the Interaction between Pisum sativum L. and Rhizobium laguerreae Strains Nodulating This Legume in Northwest Spain. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121755. [PMID: 33322342 PMCID: PMC7763339 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pisum sativum L. (pea) is one of the most cultivated grain legumes in European countries due to the high protein content of its seeds. Nevertheless, the rhizobial microsymbionts of this legume have been scarcely studied in these countries. In this work, we analyzed the rhizobial strains nodulating the pea in a region from Northwestern Spain, where this legume is widely cultivated. The isolated strains were genetically diverse, and the phylogenetic analysis of core and symbiotic genes showed that these strains belong to different clusters related to R. laguerreae sv. viciae. Representative strains of these clusters were able to produce cellulose and cellulases, which are two key molecules in the legume infection process. They formed biofilms and produced acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), which are involved in the quorum sensing regulation process. They also exhibited several plant growth promotion mechanisms, including phosphate solubilization, siderophore, and indole acetic acid production and symbiotic atmospheric nitrogen fixation. All strains showed high symbiotic efficiency on pea plants, indicating that strains of R. laguerreae sv. viciae are promising candidates for the biofertilization of this legume worldwide.
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Safronova VI, Guro PV, Sazanova AL, Kuznetsova IG, Belimov AA, Yakubov VV, Chirak ER, Afonin AМ, Gogolev YV, Andronov EE, Tikhonovich IA. Rhizobial Microsymbionts of Kamchatka Oxytropis Species Possess Genes of the Type III and VI Secretion Systems, Which Can Affect the Development of Symbiosis. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2020; 33:1232-1241. [PMID: 32686981 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-05-20-0114-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A collection of rhizobial strains isolated from root nodules of the narrowly endemic legume species Oxytropis erecta, O. anadyrensis, O. kamtschatica, and O. pumilio originating from the Kamchatka Peninsula (Russian Federation) was obtained. Analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence showed a significant diversity of isolates belonging to families Rhizobiaceae (genus Rhizobium), Phyllobacteriaceae (genera Mesorhizobium, Phyllobacterium), and Bradyrhizobiaceae (genera Bosea, Tardiphaga). A plant nodulation assay showed that only strains belonging to genus Mesorhizobium could form nitrogen-fixing nodules on Oxytropis plants. The strains M. loti 582 and M. huakuii 583, in addition to symbiotic clusters, possessed genes of the type III and type VI secretion systems (T3SS and T6SS, respectively), which can influence the host specificity of strains. These strains formed nodules of two types (elongated and rounded) on O. kamtschatica roots. We suggest this phenomenon may result from Nod factor-dependent and -independent nodulation strategies. The obtained strains are of interest for further study of the T3SS and T6SS gene function and their role in the development of rhizobium-legume symbiosis. The prospects of using rhizobia having both gene systems related to symbiotic and nonsymbiotic nodulation strategies to enhance the efficiency of plant-microbe interactions by expanding the host specificity and increasing nodulation efficiency are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera I Safronova
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Polina V Guro
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Anna L Sazanova
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Irina G Kuznetsova
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A Belimov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Valentin V Yakubov
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the RAS, 690022, Vladivostok, Ave. 100-let Vladivostoka 159, Russian Federation
| | - Elizaveta R Chirak
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey М Afonin
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Yuri V Gogolev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky St., Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny E Andronov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Igor A Tikhonovich
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
- Saint Petersburg State University, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, 199034, St.-Petersburg, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, Russian Federation
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Cordell GA. Cyberecoethnopharmacolomics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 244:112134. [PMID: 31377262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Development of a new term which describes the contemporary, composite, constituent sciences of ethnopharmacology. AIM OF THE STUDY To discuss the polysyllabic term cyberecoethnopharmacolomics in the context of the future of ethnopharmacology in global health care. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature background and assessment from the prior literature, diverse databases, and personal discussions. RESULTS The profiles and literature background with contemporary and future thoughts regarding the concepts and practices of cyber-, eco-, ethno-, pharmacol-, and -omics, and their impact in ethnopharmacology for the future are presented in the context of integrated health care systems. CONCLUSIONS Ethnopharmacology has a major role to play in global health care if the relevant sciences and cutting-edge technologies can coalesce synergistically as a responsive, evidence-based health care practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey A Cordell
- Natural Products Inc., Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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Diversity and nodulation effectiveness of rhizobia and mycorrhizal presence in climbing dry beans grown in Prespa lakes plain, Greece. Arch Microbiol 2019; 201:1151-1161. [PMID: 31168635 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Prespa lakes plain is an isolated area where about 1000 ha are seeded to Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus coccineus L. Nodulation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) presence and the genetic diversity of rhizobia were evaluated by 16S-ITS-23S-RFLP patterns and by sequencing. The bean rhizobial population in the region was diverse, despite its geographic isolation. No biogeographic relationships were detected, apart from a Rhizobium tropici-related strain that originated from an acidic soil. No clear pattern was detected in clustering with bean species and all isolates formed nodules with both bean species. Most strains were related to Rhizobium leguminosarum and a number of isolates were falling outside the already characterized species of genus Rhizobium. Application of heavy fertilization has resulted in high soil N and P levels, which most likely reduced nodulation and AMF spore presence. However, considerable AMF root length colonization was found in most of the fields.
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Hassan SED, Fouda A, Radwan AA, Salem SS, Barghoth MG, Awad MA, Abdo AM, El-Gamal MS. Endophytic actinomycetes Streptomyces spp mediated biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles as a promising tool for biotechnological applications. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:377-393. [PMID: 30915551 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01654-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two endophytic actinomycetes isolates Oc-5 and Acv-11, were isolated from healthy leaves of medicinal plant Oxalis corniculata L. These isolates were identified as Streptomyces zaomyceticus Oc-5 and Streptomyces pseudogriseolus Acv-11 using 16S rRNA gene sequence. Biomass extract of these strains were used as a greener attempt for synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs). The synthesized NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD)' transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Green synthesized NPs showed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption band at 400 nm, crystalline nature, spherical-shaped with an average size of 78 nm and 80.0 nm for CuO-NPs synthesized using strain Oc-5 and Acv-11, respectively. The bioactivities of CuO-NPs were evaluated. Results revealed that CuO-NPs exhibited promising antimicrobial activity against prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial cells (Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, unicellular and multicellular fungi). In addition, it showed antimicrobial potential against phyto-pathogenic fungal strains Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium ultimum, Aspergillus niger and Alternaria alternata. We further explored the in vitro antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity for biosynthesized CuO-NPs. The results revealed that' scavenging and total antioxidant activity for NPs synthesized using Streptomyces pseudogriseolus Acv-11 was better than those synthesized by Streptomyces zaomyceticus Oc-5. Also, the morphological changes and cell viability for Vero and Caco-2 cell line due to NPs treatments were assessed using MTT assay method. Furthermore, Larvicidal efficacy against Musca domestica and Culex pipiens was evaluated. The results obtained in this study clearly showed that biosynthesized CuO-NPs exhibited effective bioactivity and, therefore, provide a base for the development of versatile biotechnological applications soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad El-Din Hassan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Fouda
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A Radwan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salem S Salem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed G Barghoth
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Awad
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdullah M Abdo
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh S El-Gamal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Phylogenetic affiliation and antimicrobial effects of endophytic actinobacteria associated with medicinal plants: prevalence of polyketide synthase type II in antimicrobial strains. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2019; 64:481-496. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-00673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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8
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Endophytic Nocardiopsis sp. from Zingiber officinale with both antiphytopathogenic mechanisms and antibiofilm activity against clinical isolates. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:115. [PMID: 28567627 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel and potential antimicrobial compounds are essential to tackle the frequently emerging multidrug-resistant pathogens and also to develop environment friendly agricultural practices. In the current study, endophytic actinomycetes from rhizome of Zingiber officinale were explored in terms of its diversity and bioactive properties. Fourteen different organisms were isolated, identified and screened for activity against Pythium myriotylum and human clinical pathogens. Among these, Nocardiopsis sp. ZoA1 was found to have highest inhibition with excellent antibacterial effects compared to standard antibiotics. Remarkable antibiofilm property was also shown by the extract of ZoA1. Its antifungal activity against Pythium and other common phytopathogens was also found to be promising as confirmed by scanning electron microscopic analysis. By PCR-based sequence analysis of phz E gene, the organism was confirmed for the genetic basis of phenazine biosynthesis. Further GC-MS analysis of Nocardiopsis sp. revealed the presence of various compounds including Phenol, 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) and trans cinnamic acid which can have significant role in the observed result. The current study is the first report on endophytic Nocardiopsis sp. from ginger with promising applications. In vivo treatment of Nocardiopsis sp. on ginger rhizome has revealed its inhibition towards the colonization of P. myriotylum which makes the study to have promises to manage the severe diseases in ginger like rhizome rot.
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9
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Ranjan R, Jadeja V. Isolation, characterization and chromatography based purification of antibacterial compound isolated from rare endophytic actinomycetes Micrococcus yunnanensis. J Pharm Anal 2017; 7:343-347. [PMID: 29404059 PMCID: PMC5790701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic actinomycetes are considered as one of the relatively unexplored potential sources in search of antibiotic producer against antibiotic resistant pathogens. A potent strain isolated from Catharanthus roseus that displays antibacterial potential against antibiotic resistant human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus was characterized and designated as Micrococcus yunnanensis strain rsk5. Rsk5 is capable of producing optimum antibacterial metabolites on starch casein medium at 30 °C, pH 5 and 2% NaCl condition. The crude antibacterial agent was extracted from fermentation broth by ethyl acetate and separated by TLC using chloroform-methanol (24:1, v/v) solvent system with Rf value of 0.26. It was partially purified by flash chromatography, followed by HPLC and analyzed by ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer to get absorption maxima at 208.4 nm. The ESI-MS spectra showed molecular ion peaks at m/z 472.4 [M-H], which does not match with any known antibacterial compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Ranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, Shree M. & N. Virani Science College, Kalawad Road, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Vasantba Jadeja
- Department of Microbiology, Shree M. & N. Virani Science College, Kalawad Road, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
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10
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Analysis of rhizobial endosymbionts of Vicia, Lathyrus and Trifolium species used to maintain mountain firewalls in Sierra Nevada National Park (South Spain). Syst Appl Microbiol 2017; 40:92-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Le Roux C, Tournier E, Lies A, Sanguin H, Chevalier G, Duponnois R, Mousain D, Prin Y. Bacteria of the genus Rhodopseudomonas (Bradyrhizobiaceae): obligate symbionts in mycelial cultures of the black truffles Tuber melanosporum and Tuber brumale. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1085. [PMID: 27468385 PMCID: PMC4947074 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2756-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work aimed at characterizing 12 isolates of the genus Tuber including Tuber melanosporum (11 isolates) and Tuber brumale (one isolate). This was done using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, confirming their origin. RESULTS Analysis of their mating type revealed that both MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 exist within these isolates (with 3 and 8 of each, respectively). We observed that each of these cultures was consistently associated with one bacterium that was intimately linked to fungal growth. These bacterial associates failed to grow in the absence of fungus. We extracted DNA from bacterial colonies in the margin of mycelium and sequenced a nearly complete 16S rDNA gene and a partial ITS fragment. We found they all belonged to the genus Rhodopseudomonas, fitting within different phylogenetic clusters. No relationships were evidenced between bacterial and fungal strains or mating types. Rhodopseudomonas being a sister genus to Bradyrhizobium, we tested the nodulation ability of these bacteria on a promiscuously nodulating legume (Acacia mangium), without success. We failed to identify any nifH genes among these isolates, using two different sets of primers. CONCLUSIONS While the mechanisms of interaction between Tuber and Rhodopseudomonas remain to be elucidated, their interdependency for in vitro growth seems a novel feature of this fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adrien Lies
- />CIRAD, UMR LSTM, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Hervé Sanguin
- />CIRAD, UMR LSTM, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Gérard Chevalier
- />INRA Centre de Recherche de Clermont-Theix, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France
| | | | - Daniel Mousain
- />Société d’Horticulture et d’Histoire Naturelle de l’Hérault, Parc à Ballon 1, bâtiment B, 125 rue du Moulin de Sémalen, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Prin
- />CIRAD, UMR LSTM, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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12
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Yuan K, Miwa H, Iizuka M, Yokoyama T, Fujii Y, Okazaki S. Genetic Diversity and Symbiotic Phenotype of Hairy Vetch Rhizobia in Japan. Microbes Environ 2016; 31:121-6. [PMID: 27151657 PMCID: PMC4912146 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me15184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) is a leguminous crop widely used as green manure and a cover crop in Japan. It exhibits strong weed-suppressing activity, high resistance to insect pests, and the ability to fix nitrogen through symbiotic interactions with soil bacteria known as rhizobia. Few studies have investigated the rhizobia that form nodules on hairy vetch in Japan, and the biological resources available for selecting high nitrogen-fixing rhizobia are limited. In the present study, we isolated 110 hairy vetch rhizobia from 13 different areas in Japan. Based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences, 73% of the isolates were identified as Rhizobium leguminosarum. A comparative analysis of nodC and 16S rRNA gene phylogenies revealed that several isolates possessed congruent nodC sequences despite having divergent 16S rRNA gene sequences, suggesting that the horizontal transfer of nod genes occurred during the evolution of rhizobia. Inoculation tests showed that isolates closely related to R. leguminosarum had better plant growth-promoting effects than other strains, thereby providing a promising agricultural resource for inoculating crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yuan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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13
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Rao HCY, Rakshith D, Satish S. Antimicrobial properties of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from Combretum latifolium Blume, a medicinal shrub from Western Ghats of India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-015-1377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Gohain A, Gogoi A, Debnath R, Yadav A, Singh BP, Gupta VK, Sharma R, Saikia R. Antimicrobial biosynthetic potential and genetic diversity of endophytic actinomycetes associated with medicinal plants. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2015; 362:fnv158. [PMID: 26347302 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnv158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic actinomycetes are one of the primary groups that share symbiotic relationships with medicinal plants and are key reservoir of biologically active compounds. In this study, six selective medicinal plants were targeted for the first time for endophytic actinomycetes isolation from Gibbon Wild Life Sanctuary, Assam, India, during winter and summer and 76 isolates were obtained. The isolates were found to be prevalent in roots followed by stem and leaves. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed 16 genera, including rare genera, Verrucosispora, Isoptericola and Kytococcus, which have never been previously reported as endophytic. The genus Streptomyces (66%) was dominant in both seasons. Shannon's diversity index showed that Azadirachta indica (1.49), Rauwolfia serpentina (1.43) and Emblica officinalis (1.24) were relatively good habitat for endophytic actinomycetes. Antimicrobial strains showed prevalence of polyketide synthase (PKS) type-II (85%) followed by PKS type-I (14%) encoded in the genomes. Expression studies showed 12-fold upregulation of PKSII gene in seventh day of incubation for Streptomyces antibioticus (EAAG90). Our results emphasize that the actinomycetes assemblages within plant tissue exhibited biosynthetic systems encoding for important biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Gohain
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Animesh Gogoi
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Rajal Debnath
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Archana Yadav
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Bhim P Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram 796004, India
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- Glyco-Biotechnology Group, Department of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91CF50, Ireland
| | - Rajeev Sharma
- Centre for Bioinformatics Studies, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
| | - Ratul Saikia
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
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Golinska P, Wypij M, Agarkar G, Rathod D, Dahm H, Rai M. Endophytic actinobacteria of medicinal plants: diversity and bioactivity. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 108:267-89. [PMID: 26093915 PMCID: PMC4491368 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-015-0502-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endophytes are the microorganisms that exist inside the plant tissues without having any negative impact on the host plant. Medicinal plants constitute the huge diversity of endophytic actinobacteria of economical importance. These microbes have huge potential to synthesis of numerous novel compounds that can be exploited in pharmaceutical, agricultural and other industries. It is of prime importance to focus the present research on practical utilization of this microbial group in order to find out the solutions to the problems related to health, environment and agriculture. An extensive characterization of diverse population of endophytic actinobacteria associated with medicinal plants can provide a greater insight into the plant-endophyte interactions and evolution of mutualism. In the present review, we have discussed the diversity of endophytic actinobacteria of from medicinal plants their multiple bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Golinska
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87100, Torun, Poland,
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16
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Rashid MHO, Young JPW, Everall I, Clercx P, Willems A, Santhosh Braun M, Wink M. Average nucleotide identity of genome sequences supports the description of Rhizobium lentis sp. nov., Rhizobium bangladeshense sp. nov. and Rhizobium binae sp. nov. from lentil (Lens culinaris) nodules. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:3037-3045. [PMID: 26060217 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizobial strains isolated from effective root nodules of field-grown lentil (Lens culinaris) from different parts of Bangladesh were previously analysed using sequences of the 16S rRNA gene, three housekeeping genes (recA, atpD and glnII) and three nodulation genes (nodA, nodC and nodD), DNA fingerprinting and phenotypic characterization. Analysis of housekeeping gene sequences and DNA fingerprints indicated that the strains belonged to three novel clades in the genus Rhizobium. In present study, a representative strain from each clade was further characterized by determination of cellular fatty acid compositions, carbon substrate utilization patterns and DNA-DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analyses from whole-genome sequences. DNA-DNA hybridization showed 50-62% relatedness to their closest relatives (the type strains of Rhizobium etli and Rhizobium phaseoli) and 50-60% relatedness to each other. These results were further supported by ANI values, based on genome sequencing, which were 87-92% with their close relatives and 88-89% with each other. On the basis of these results, three novel species, Rhizobium lentis sp. nov. (type strain BLR27(T) = LMG 28441(T) = DSM 29286(T)), Rhizobium bangladeshense sp. nov. (type strain BLR175(T) = LMG 28442(T) = DSM 29287(T)) and Rhizobium binae sp. nov. (type strain BLR195(T) = LMG 28443(T) = DSM 29288(T)), are proposed. These species share common nodulation genes (nodA, nodC and nodD) that are similar to those of the symbiovar viciae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Harun-Or Rashid
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Bangladesh.,Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | | | | | - Pia Clercx
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Anne Willems
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Markus Santhosh Braun
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Michael Wink
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Germany
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Passari AK, Mishra VK, Saikia R, Gupta VK, Singh BP. Isolation, abundance and phylogenetic affiliation of endophytic actinomycetes associated with medicinal plants and screening for their in vitro antimicrobial biosynthetic potential. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:273. [PMID: 25904906 PMCID: PMC4388002 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms associated with medicinal plants are of interest as the producers of important bioactive compounds. To date, the diversity of culturable endophytic actinomycetes associated with medicinal plants is in its initial phase of exploration. In this study, 42 endophytic actinomycetes were isolated from different organs of seven selected medicinal plants. The highest number of isolates (n = 22, 52.3%) of actinomycetes was isolated from roots, followed by stems (n = 9, 21.4%), leaves (n = 6, 14.2%), flowers (n = 3, 7.1%), and petioles (n = 2, 4.7%). The genus Streptomyces was the most dominant among the isolates (66.6%) in both the locations (Dampa TRF and Phawngpuii NP, Mizoram, India). From a total of 42 isolates, 22 isolates were selected for further studies based on their ability to inhibit one of the tested human bacterial or fungal pathogen. Selected isolates were identified based on 16S rRNA gene analysis and subsequently the isolates were grouped to four different genera; Streptomyces, Brevibacterium, Microbacterium, and Leifsonia. Antibiotic sensitivity assay was performed to understand the responsible antimicrobials present in the isolates showing the antimicrobial activities and revealed that the isolates were mostly resistant to penicillin G and ampicillin. Further, antimicrobial properties and antibiotic sensitivity assay in combination with the results of amplification of biosynthetic genes polyketide synthase (PKS-I) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) showed that the endophytic actinomycetes associated with the selected medicinal plants have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. This is the first report of the isolation of Brevibacterium sp., Microbacterium sp., and Leifsonia xyli from endophytic environments of medicinal plants, Mirabilis jalapa and Clerodendrum colebrookianum. Our results emphasize that endophytic actinomycetes associated with medicinal plants are an unexplored resource for the discovery of biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit K Passari
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University Aizawl, India
| | - Vineet K Mishra
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University Aizawl, India
| | - Ratul Saikia
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- Molecular Glyco-biotechnology Group, Department of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway Galway, Ireland
| | - Bhim P Singh
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University Aizawl, India
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Han LL, He JZ, Zheng YM, Zeng J, Zhang LM. Paenibacillus tibetensis sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from alpine swamp meadow soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:1583-1586. [PMID: 25713036 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.000141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel psychrophilic strain, SSB001(T), was isolated from an alpine swamp meadow soil in Tibet, China, and identified as a representative of a novel phylogenetic subclade in the genus Paenibacillus , with Paenibacillus antarcticus (96.2%), Paenibacillus macquariensis (96.53%) and Paenibacillus glacialis (96.2%) as the most closely related species on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. The strain was distinguished from defined species of the genus Paenibacillus by further study of rpoB gene sequences, phenotypic characterization, cellular fatty acid composition, quinones, polar lipids and meso-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan. Based upon these results, we propose the strain as a representative of a novel species named Paenibacillus tibetensis sp. nov., with SSB001(T) ( =ACCC 19728(T) =DSM 29321(T)) as the type strain. The DNA G+C content (mol%) of strain SSB001(T) was 40.18 mol% (HPLC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Ji-Zheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Yuan-Ming Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Jun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Li-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
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Harun-or Rashid M, Gonzalez J, Young JPW, Wink M. Rhizobium leguminosarum is the symbiont of lentils in the Middle East and Europe but not in Bangladesh. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2013; 87:64-77. [PMID: 24033582 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentil is the oldest of the crops that have been domesticated in the Fertile Crescent and spread to other regions during the Bronze Age, making it an ideal model to study the evolution of rhizobia associated with crop legumes. Housekeeping and nodulation genes of lentil-nodulating rhizobia from the region where lentil originated (Turkey and Syria) and regions to which lentil was introduced later (Germany and Bangladesh) were analyzed to determine their genetic diversity, population structure, and taxonomic position. There are four different lineages of rhizobia associated with lentil nodulation, of which three are new and endemic to Bangladesh, while Mediterranean and Central European lentil symbionts belong to the Rhizobium leguminosarum lineage. The endemic lentil grex pilosae may have played a significant role in the origin of these new lineages in Bangladesh. The presence of R. leguminosarum with lentil at the center of origin and in countries where lentil was introduced later suggests that R. leguminosarum is the original symbiont of lentil. Lentil seeds may have played a significant role in the initial dispersal of this Rhizobium species within the Middle East and on to other countries. Nodulation gene sequences revealed a high similarity to those of symbiovar viciae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Harun-or Rashid
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Soil Microbiology Laboratory, Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh
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Baimiev AK, Ivanova ES, Ptitsyn KG, Belimov AA, Safronova VI, Baimiev AK. Genetic characterization of wild leguminous nodular bacteria living in the South Urals. MOLECULAR GENETICS MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.3103/s0891416812010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Genetic diversity of rhizobia nodulating lentil (Lens culinaris) in Bangladesh. Syst Appl Microbiol 2012; 35:98-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mercury-resistant rhizobial bacteria isolated from nodules of leguminous plants growing in high Hg-contaminated soils. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 96:543-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3832-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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23
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Djedidi S, Yokoyama T, Ohkama-Ohtsu N, Risal CP, Abdelly C, Sekimoto H. Stress tolerance and symbiotic and phylogenic features of root nodule bacteria associated with Medicago species in different bioclimatic regions of Tunisia. Microbes Environ 2011; 26:36-45. [PMID: 21487201 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me10138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty two rhizobial isolates were obtained from different bioclimatic regions of Tunisia using as trap plants, Medicago sativa, Medicago ciliaris, Medicago polymorpha and Medicago minima. To study their diversity and characterize them in relation to Mediterranean conditions, abiotic stress resistance, symbiotic properties and genetic diversity in terms of 16S rRNA and nodA sequences were assessed. Five isolates from M. sativa, three from M. ciliaris and three from M. minima could grow at 45°C. Only two isolates from M. sativa grew at 4% NaCl. The most stress tolerant isolates were obtained from arid soils. A phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes revealed 29 isolates to be closely related to Ensifer including one (Pl.3-9) that showed a 16S rRNA sequence similar to that of Ensifer meliloti and nodA sequence similar to that of Ensifer medicae. However, three isolates were categorized into Agrobacterium containing the nodA of Ensifer. Furthermore, these isolates developed nodules on original hosts. The results for the four isolates suggest horizontal gene transfer between the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salem Djedidi
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
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Nodulation of Thermopsis lupinoides by a Mesorhizobium huakuii strain with a unique nodA gene in Kamtchatka, Russia. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:5513-6. [PMID: 21652738 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00622-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Very little is known about rhizobia that form nodules on Thermopsis spp. We report the isolation of a Mesorhizobium huakuii strain with a unique nodA gene that form nodules on Thermopsis lupinoides in Kamtchatka, Russia. The isolate did not form nodules on Thermopsis chinensis or Thermopsis caroliniana, which suggests it may be host specific.
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Zhang RJ, Hou BC, Wang ET, Li Y, Zhang XX, Chen WX. Rhizobium tubonense sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Oxytropis glabra. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:512-517. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.020156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Four rhizobial strains, designated CCBAU 85046T, CCBAU 85051, CCBAU 85048 and CCBAU 85049, isolated from root nodules of Oxytropis glabra grown in Tibet, China, were previously defined, using amplified 16S rRNA gene restriction analysis, as a novel group within the genus Rhizobium. To clarify their taxonomic position, these strains were further analysed and compared with reference strains of related bacteria using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that the four isolates formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage in the genus Rhizobium. The isolates showed highest sequence similarity (97.8 %) to Rhizobium indigoferae CCBAU 71042T. Phenotypic and physiological tests, DNA–DNA hybridization, phylogenetic analyses of housekeeping genes recA, atpD and glnII and fatty acid profiles also indicated that these four strains constitute a novel group distinct from recognized species of the genus Rhizobium. Based on this evidence, strains CCBAU 85046T, CCBAU 85051, CCBAU 85048 and CCBAU 85049 represent a novel species in the genus Rhizobium, for which the name Rhizobium tubonense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCBAU 85046T (=LMG 25225T =HAMBI 3066T) and its DNA G+C content is 59.52 mol% (T
m). Strain CCBAU 85046T could form effective nodules on plant species Vigna unguiculata and Medicago sativa but not on its host of origin Oxytropis glabra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratories for Agro-Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Bao Chao Hou
- State Key Laboratories for Agro-Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - En Tao Wang
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340 México D. F., Mexico
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratories for Agro-Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiao Xia Zhang
- Agricultural Cultural Collection of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Wen Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratories for Agro-Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Ren DW, Wang ET, Chen WF, Sui XH, Zhang XX, Liu HC, Chen WX. Rhizobium herbae sp. nov. and Rhizobium giardinii-related bacteria, minor microsymbionts of various wild legumes in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 61:1912-1920. [PMID: 20833881 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.024943-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven Rhizobium strains associated with various legume species grown in different geographical regions of China were defined into four genomic groups related to Rhizobium giardinii, based upon ribosomal intergenic spacer RFLP, phylogenies of 16S rRNA and housekeeping (atpD, recA and glnII) genes, and DNA relatedness. Three strains in group I were classified as R. giardinii, as they showed high gene sequence similarities (>97 %) and DNA relatedness (64.3-67.5 %) to R. giardinii H152(T). Groups II, III and IV differed from all defined Rhizobium species based upon the consensus of all analyses. As group II contained two strains that originated from two distinct populations, we propose this group as a novel species, Rhizobium herbae sp. nov., with strain CCBAU 83011(T) ( = LMG 25718(T) = HAMBI 3117(T)) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Wei Ren
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - En Tao Wang
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340 México D. F., Mexico.,State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wen Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xin Hua Sui
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiao Xia Zhang
- Agricultural Culture Collection of China, Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10081, PR China
| | - Hong Can Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Wen Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Lu YL, Chen WF, Wang ET, Guan SH, Yan XR, Chen WX. Genetic diversity and biogeography of rhizobia associated with Caragana species in three ecological regions of China. Syst Appl Microbiol 2009; 32:351-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2008] [Revised: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hou BC, Wang ET, Li Y, Jia RZ, Chen WF, Gao Y, Dong RJ, Chen WX. Rhizobium tibeticum sp. nov., a symbiotic bacterium isolated from Trigonella archiducis-nicolai (Sirj.) Vassilcz. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:3051-7. [PMID: 19643889 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.009647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated from root nodules of Trigonella archiducis-nicolai (Sirj.) Vassilcz. grown in Tibet, China, cells of the bacterial strains CCBAU 85039(T) and CCBAU 85027 were Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, non-spore-forming rods that formed colonies that were semi-translucent and opalescent on yeast extract-mannitol agar. In numerical taxonomy, SDS-PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins and DNA-DNA hybridization, the two strains were very similar and were different from reference strains of defined Rhizobium species. In the phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, they were most similar to Rhizobium etli CFN 42(T) (98.2 % similarity) and R. leguminosarum USDA 2370(T) (97.6 %). Sequence analyses of the housekeeping genes recA, atpD and glnII and the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer, phenotypic characteristics and cellular fatty acid profiles strongly suggested that these two strains represented a novel species within Rhizobium. Cross-nodulation tests and sequencing of nifH and nodA genes showed that these two strains were symbiotic bacteria that nodulated Trigonella archiducis-nicolai, Medicago lupulina, Medicago sativa, Melilotus officinalis, Phaseolus vulgaris and Trigonella foenum-graecum. Based on the results, the novel species Rhizobium tibeticum sp. nov. is described to accommodate the two strains. The type strain is CCBAU 85039(T) (=LMG 24453(T) =CGMCC 1.7071(T)). The DNA G+C content of this strain is 59.7 mol% (T(m)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Chao Hou
- State Key Laboratories for Agro biotechnology/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, PR China
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