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Genomic Diversity of the Major Histocompatibility Complex in Health and Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101270. [PMID: 31627481 PMCID: PMC6830316 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Nonsense mutation in PMEL is associated with yellowish plumage colour phenotype in Japanese quail. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16732. [PMID: 30425278 PMCID: PMC6233202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34827-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The L strain of Japanese quail exhibits a plumage phenotype that is light yellowish in colour. In this study, we identified a nonsense mutation in the premelanosome protein (PMEL) gene showing complete concordance with the yellowish plumage within a pedigree as well as across strains by genetic linkage analysis of an F2 intercross population using approximately 2,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were detected by double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq). The yellowish plumage was inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, and the causative mutation was located within an 810-kb genomic region of the LGE22C19W28_E50C23 linkage group (LGE22). This region contained the PMEL gene that is required for the normal melanosome morphogenesis and eumelanin deposition. A nonsense mutation that leads to a marked truncation of the deduced protein was found in PMEL of the mutant. The gene expression level of PMEL decreased substantially in the mutant. Genotypes at the site of the nonsense mutation were fully concordant with plumage colour phenotypes in 196 F2 offspring. The nonsense mutation was not found in several quail strains with non-yellowish plumage. Thus, the yellowish plumage may be caused by the reduced eumelanin content in feathers because of the loss of PMEL function.
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Kawahara-Miki R, Sano S, Nunome M, Shimmura T, Kuwayama T, Takahashi S, Kawashima T, Matsuda Y, Yoshimura T, Kono T. Next-generation sequencing reveals genomic features in the Japanese quail. Genomics 2013; 101:345-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Singh SK, Mathew J, Gupta J, Mehra S, Goyal G, Sharma D. Molecular characterization of MHC class II region in guinea fowl. Br Poult Sci 2011; 51:769-75. [PMID: 21161783 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2010.529872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
1. The MHC class II gene was amplified, cloned and sequenced in guinea fowl. 2. The NumeMHC II sequence of 754 nucleotides included complete exon 1 (91 nt), exon 2 (270 nt), exon 3 (282 nt) and exon 4 (110 nt). 3. The size of β(1) and β(2), domains were 89 and 93 amino acids, respectively in guinea fowl. 4. High amino acid variability (38·2%) was observed within guinea fowl in β(1) domain, while in β(2) domain, amino acid variability (6·3%) was low. 5. Among poultry species, the percent amino acid identity between guinea fowl and chicken, quail, pheasant and duck was 38·8, 42·2, 44·4 and 58·8 in β(1) domain; and 13·8, 17·0, 13·8 and 27·6 in β(2) domain, respectively. 6. Sequence alignment with mammalian and avian MHC showed that many of the conserved features of MHC class II glycoprotein was conserved in guinea fowl. 7. Within-species genetic distances (Poisson correction) based on cumulative amino acid variability in β(1) domain and β(2) domains was 0·141 in guinea fowl. 8. Guinea fowl showed low and similar genetic distances with all the poultry species (0·255-0·268) except duck (0·456). 9. Guinea fowl made separate branch within the major cluster having chicken, quail and pheasant, showing equal distance from these poultry species, whereas duck MHC II clustered separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Genome Mapping laboratory, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar 243 122, India
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Roberts ML, Buchanan KL, Evans MR, Marin RH, Satterlee DG. The effects of testosterone on immune function in quail selected for divergent plasma corticosterone response. J Exp Biol 2009; 212:3125-31. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.030726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The immunocompetence handicap hypothesis (ICHH) suggests that the male sex hormone testosterone has a dual effect; it controls the development and expression of male sexually selected signals, and it suppresses the immune system. Therefore only high quality males are able to fully express secondary sexual traits because only they can tolerate the immunosuppressive qualities of testosterone. A modified version of the ICHH suggests that testosterone causes immunosuppression indirectly by increasing the stress hormone corticosterone (CORT). Lines of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)selected for divergent responses in levels of plasma CORT were used to test these hypotheses. Within each CORT response line (as well as in a control stock) we manipulated levels of testosterone in castrated quail by treatment with zero (sham), low or high testosterone implants, before testing the birds'humoral immunity and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induced immune response, as well as body condition. The PHA-induced response was not significantly affected by CORT selected line, testosterone treatment or their interaction. There was, however, a significant effect of CORT line on humoral immunity in that the control birds exhibited the greatest antibody production, but there was no significant effect of testosterone manipulation on humoral immunity. The males in the sham implant treatment group had significantly greater mass than the males in the high testosterone group, suggesting a negative effect of high testosterone on general body condition. We discuss these results in the context of current hypotheses in the field of sexual selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark L. Roberts
- Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Katherine L. Buchanan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology,Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Geelong VIC 3127, Australia
| | - Matthew R. Evans
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - Raul H. Marin
- Cátedra de Química Biológica-ICTA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba,Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Daniel G. Satterlee
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center,Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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Kikkawa EF, Tsuda TT, Sumiyama D, Naruse TK, Fukuda M, Kurita M, Wilson RP, LeMaho Y, Miller GD, Tsuda M, Murata K, Kulski JK, Inoko H. Trans-species polymorphism of the Mhc class II DRB-like gene in banded penguins (genus Spheniscus). Immunogenetics 2009; 61:341-52. [PMID: 19319519 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-009-0363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2008] [Accepted: 02/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (Mhc) class II DRB locus of vertebrates is highly polymorphic and some alleles may be shared between closely related species as a result of balancing selection in association with resistance to parasites. In this study, we developed a new set of PCR primers to amplify, clone, and sequence overlapping portions of the Mhc class II DRB-like gene from the 5'UTR end to intron 3, including exons 1, 2, and 3 and introns 1 and 2 in four species (20 Humboldt, six African, five Magellanic, and three Galapagos penguins) of penguin from the genus Spheniscus (Sphe). Analysis of gene sequence variation by the neighbor-joining method of 21 Sphe sequences and 20 previously published sequences from four other penguin species revealed overlapping clades within the Sphe species, but species-specific clades for the other penguin species. The overlap of the DRB-like gene sequence variants between the four Sphe species suggests that, despite their allopatric distribution, the Sphe species are closely related and that some shared DRB1 alleles may have undergone a trans-species inheritance because of balancing selection and/or recent rapid speciation. The new primers and PCR assays that we have developed for the identification of the DRB1 DNA and protein sequence variations appear to be useful for the characterization of the molecular evolution of the gene in closely related Penguin species and might be helpful for the assessment of the genetic health and the management of the conservation and captivity of these endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri F Kikkawa
- Department of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Bousei-dai Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Strand T, Westerdahl H, Höglund J, V Alatalo R, Siitari H. The Mhc class II of the Black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) consists of low numbers of B and Y genes with variable diversity and expression. Immunogenetics 2007; 59:725-34. [PMID: 17653538 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-007-0234-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2006] [Accepted: 06/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We found that the Black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) possess low numbers of Mhc class II B (BLB) and Y (YLB) genes with variable diversity and expression. We have therefore shown, for the first time, that another bird species (in this case, a wild lek-breeding galliform) shares several features of the simple Mhc of the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus). The Black grouse BLB genes showed the same level of polymorphism that has been reported in chicken, and we also found indications of balancing selection in the peptide-binding regions. The YLB genes were less variable than the BLB genes, also in accordance with earlier studies in chicken, although their functional significance still remains obscure. We hypothesize that the YLB genes could have been under purifying selection, just as the mammal Mhc-E gene cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Strand
- Population Biology and Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Center, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden.
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The major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) class IIB region has greater genomic structural flexibility and diversity in the quail than the chicken. BMC Genomics 2006; 7:322. [PMID: 17184537 PMCID: PMC1769493 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-7-322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The quail and chicken major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) genomic regions have a similar overall organization but differ markedly in that the quail has an expanded number of duplicated class I, class IIB, natural killer (NK)-receptor-like, lectin-like and BG genes. Therefore, the elucidation of genetic factors that contribute to the greater Mhc diversity in the quail would help to establish it as a model experimental animal in the investigation of avian Mhc associated diseases. Aims and approaches The main aim here was to characterize the genetic and genomic features of the transcribed major quail MhcIIB (CojaIIB) region that is located between the Tapasin and BRD2 genes, and to compare our findings to the available information for the chicken MhcIIB (BLB). We used four approaches in the study of the quail MhcIIB region, (1) haplotype analyses with polymorphic loci, (2) cloning and sequencing of the RT-PCR CojaIIB products from individuals with different haplotypes, (3) genomic sequencing of the CojaIIB region from the individuals with the different haplotypes, and (4) phylogenetic and duplication analysis to explain the variability of the region between the quail and the chicken. Results Our results show that the Tapasin-BRD2 segment of the quail Mhc is highly variable in length and in gene transcription intensity and content. Haplotypic sequences were found to vary in length between 4 to 11 kb. Tapasin-BRD2 segments contain one or two major transcribed CojaIIBs that were probably generated by segmental duplications involving c-type lectin-like genes and NK receptor-like genes, gene fusions between two CojaIIBs and transpositions between the major and minor CojaIIB segments. The relative evolutionary speed for generating the MhcIIBs genomic structures from the ancestral BLB2 was estimated to be two times faster in the quail than in the chicken after their separation from a common ancestor. Four types of genomic rearrangement elements (GRE), composed of simple tandem repeats (STR), were identified in the MhcIIB genomic segment located between the Tapasin-BRD2 genes. The GREs have many more STR numbers in the quail than in the chicken that displays strong linkage disequilibrium. Conclusion This study suggests that the Mhc classIIB region has a flexible genomic structure generated by rearrangement elements and rapid SNP accumulation probably as a consequence of the quail adapting to environmental conditions and pathogens during its migratory history after its divergence from the chicken.
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SHIINA T, HOSOMICHI K, HANZAWA K. Comparative genomics of the poultry major histocompatibility complex. Anim Sci J 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2006.00333.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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GRINDSTAFF JENNIFERL, DEMAS GREGORYE, KETTERSON ELLEND. Diet quality affects egg size and number but does not reduce maternal antibody transmission in Japanese quail Coturnix japonica. J Anim Ecol 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.01002.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effects of isolation stress on mouse with liver cancer and possible associated mechanisms.
METHODS: Transplantable murine hepatoma22 (H22) model was used to evaluate the effects of social isolation stress on murine liver cancer. Mice were immunized with sheep red blood cell (SRBC) and intraperitoneally inoculated with H22 cell, then divided into two groups, one reared individually as group (I) and the other reared in groups as group (G). Titer of antibody to SRBC and interleukin 2 (IL-2) in serum was monitored. The survival time of mouse with liver cancer was observed.
RESULTS: The titer of antibody to SRBC in group (G) was 1:24.5 and that in group (I) was 1:11.2. There was a significant difference between these two groups (t = 2.60, P = 0.02). A significant difference in IL-2 concentration was observed between group (G) (39.6 ng/L) and group (I) (47.1 ng/L, t = 2.14, P = 0.046). The survival time in group (G) (16.5 d) was markedly longer than that in group (I) (13.2 d, t = 3.46, P = 0.002).
CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that survival time of the mouse bearing H22 tumor is affected by the social isolation stress and the associated mechanism may be the immunological changes under the social isolation stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, Liaoning Province, China.
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Hosomichi K, Shiina T, Shimizu S, Hara H, Yoshida Y, Inoko H, Hanzawa K. Development of polymorphic Genetic Markers in the Quail Mhc (Coja) Region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.12667/mhc.11.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Hosomichi
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Takashi Shiina
- Department of Genetic Information, Division of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine
| | - Sayako Shimizu
- Department of Genetic Information, Division of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine
| | - Hiromi Hara
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Yutaka Yoshida
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Hidetoshi Inoko
- Department of Genetic Information, Division of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine
| | - Kei Hanzawa
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture
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