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Xu S, Li X, Zhang S, Qi C, Zhang Z, Ma R, Xiang L, Chen L, Zhu Y, Tang C, Bourgonje AR, Li M, He Y, Zeng Z, Hu S, Feng R, Chen M. Oxidative stress gene expression, DNA methylation, and gut microbiota interaction trigger Crohn's disease: a multi-omics Mendelian randomization study. BMC Med 2023; 21:179. [PMID: 37170220 PMCID: PMC10173549 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) is a key pathophysiological mechanism in Crohn's disease (CD). OS-related genes can be affected by environmental factors, intestinal inflammation, gut microbiota, and epigenetic changes. However, the role of OS as a potential CD etiological factor or triggering factor is unknown, as differentially expressed OS genes in CD can be either a cause or a subsequent change of intestinal inflammation. Herein, we used a multi-omics summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) approach to identify putative causal effects and underlying mechanisms of OS genes in CD. METHODS OS-related genes were extracted from the GeneCards database. Intestinal transcriptome datasets were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and meta-analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to OS in CD. Integration analyses of the largest CD genome-wide association study (GWAS) summaries with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and DNA methylation QTLs (mQTLs) from the blood were performed using SMR methods to prioritize putative blood OS genes and their regulatory elements associated with CD risk. Up-to-date intestinal eQTLs and fecal microbial QTLs (mbQTLs) were integrated to uncover potential interactions between host OS gene expression and gut microbiota through SMR and colocalization analysis. Two additional Mendelian randomization (MR) methods were used as sensitivity analyses. Putative results were validated in an independent multi-omics cohort from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (FAH-SYS). RESULTS A meta-analysis from six datasets identified 438 OS-related DEGs enriched in intestinal enterocytes in CD from 817 OS-related genes. Five genes from blood tissue were prioritized as candidate CD-causal genes using three-step SMR methods: BAD, SHC1, STAT3, MUC1, and GPX3. Furthermore, SMR analysis also identified five putative intestinal genes, three of which were involved in gene-microbiota interactions through colocalization analysis: MUC1, CD40, and PRKAB1. Validation results showed that 88.79% of DEGs were replicated in the FAH-SYS cohort. Associations between pairs of MUC1-Bacillus aciditolerans and PRKAB1-Escherichia coli in the FAH-SYS cohort were consistent with eQTL-mbQTL colocalization. CONCLUSIONS This multi-omics integration study highlighted that OS genes causal to CD are regulated by DNA methylation and host-microbiota interactions. This provides evidence for future targeted functional research aimed at developing suitable therapeutic interventions and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaozhi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shenghong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cancan Qi
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine & TWINCORE, Joint Ventures Between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ruiqi Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyuan Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lianmin Chen
- Changzhou Medical Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yijun Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ce Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Arno R Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miaoxin Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhirong Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shixian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangxi Hospital Division of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Minhu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Mucosal Genes Expression in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: New Insights. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/ph16020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual differences in IBD illness severity, behavior, progression, and therapy response are evident. Since a break in the intestinal epithelial barrier causes IBD to begin, mucosal gene expression in IBD is crucial. Due to its high sensitivity and dynamic nature, molecular analysis of biomarkers in intestinal biopsies is feasible and provides a reliable means of evaluating localized inflammation. The goal of this investigation was to discover alterations in gene expression in the inflamed mucosa of IBD patients undergoing treatment with 5-amino salicylic acid (5ASA) (N = 39) or anti-TNF drugs (N = 22). The mucosal expression of numerous IBD-related genes was evaluated using qPCR. We discovered that the levels of the proteins Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 (NOS2), Mucin 2 (MUC2), Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), and Trefoil factor 1 (TFF1), which are overexpressed in untreated IBD patients compared to non-IBD subjects, are decreased by both therapy regimens. On the other hand, anti-TNF medicine helped the levels of ABCB1 and E-cadherin return to normal in IBD patients who were not receiving treatment.
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Impact of diet and host genetics on the murine intestinal mycobiome. Nat Commun 2023; 14:834. [PMID: 36788222 PMCID: PMC9929102 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36479-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian gut is home to a diverse microbial ecosystem, whose composition affects various physiological traits of the host. Next-generation sequencing-based metagenomic approaches demonstrated how the interplay of host genetics, bacteria, and environmental factors shape complex traits and clinical outcomes. However, the role of fungi in these complex interactions remains understudied. Here, using 228 males and 363 females from an advanced-intercross mouse line, we provide evidence that fungi are regulated by host genetics. In addition, we map quantitative trait loci associated with various fungal species to single genes in mice using whole genome sequencing and genotyping. Moreover, we show that diet and its' interaction with host genetics alter the composition of fungi in outbred mice, and identify fungal indicator species associated with different dietary regimes. Collectively, in this work, we uncover an association of the intestinal fungal community with host genetics and a regulatory role of diet in this ecological niche.
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Lin Z, Gan T, Huang Y, Bao L, Liu S, Cui X, Wang H, Jiao F, Zhang M, Su C, Qian Y. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Mulberry Leaf Flavonoids In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147694. [PMID: 35887036 PMCID: PMC9318041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is a flowering tree traditionally used in Chinese herbal medicine. Mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLFs) have been reported to exert important anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to select the MLF with the best anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities from MLFs eluted by different ethanol concentrations (30%, 50%, and 75%) and explore its pharmacological properties. Three types of MLFs inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. All MLFs boosted the antioxidative capacity by decreasing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals and improving the metal ion chelating activity and reducing power. The results revealed that the MLFs eluted by 30% ethanol exhibited the best anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities. A nontargeted metabolomic analysis was used to analyze 24 types of differential flavonoids between the MLFs. Quercetin, kaempferol, and their derivatives in 30%MLF were more abundant than the other two MLFs. Furthermore, we evaluated the pharmacological activities of 30%MLF in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. The 30%MLF could alleviate the clinical symptoms, reduce the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and inhibit the activation of the inflammatory pathway in DSS-induced colitis mice. This study will provide valuable information for the development of MLFs eluted by 30% ethanol as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chao Su
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (Y.Q.)
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5
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Schmid F, Chao CM, Däbritz J. Pathophysiological Concepts and Management of Pulmonary Manifestation of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137287. [PMID: 35806292 PMCID: PMC9266732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary manifestation (PM) of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children is a rare condition. The exact pathogenesis is still unclear, but several explanatory concepts were postulated and several case reports in children were published. We performed a systematic Medline search between April 1976 and April 2022. Different pathophysiological concepts were identified, including the shared embryological origin, “miss-homing” of intestinal based neutrophils and T lymphocytes, inflammatory triggering via certain molecules (tripeptide proline-glycine-proline, interleukin 25), genetic factors and alterations in the microbiome. Most pediatric IBD patients with PM are asymptomatic, but can show alterations in pulmonary function tests and breathing tests. In children, the pulmonary parenchyma is more affected than the airways, leading histologically mainly to organizing pneumonia. Medication-associated lung injury has to be considered in pulmonary symptomatic pediatric IBD patients treated with certain agents (i.e., mesalamine, sulfasalazine or infliximab). Furthermore, the risk of pulmonary embolism is generally increased in pediatric IBD patients. The initial treatment of PM is based on corticosteroids, either inhaled for the larger airways or systemic for smaller airways and parenchymal disease. In summary, this review article summarizes the current knowledge about PM in pediatric IBD patients, focusing on pathophysiological and clinical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schmid
- Catholic Children’s Hospital Wilhelmstift, 22149 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, 35398 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan Däbritz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence:
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6
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Wu EY, Sun WJ, Wang Y, Zhang GY, Xu BC, Chen XG, Hao KY, He LZ, Si HB. Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Total Flavonoids from Abrus Cantoniensis ( Abriherba) by Response Surface Methodology and Evaluation of Its Anti-Inflammatory Effect. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072036. [PMID: 35408435 PMCID: PMC9000698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abrus cantoniensis is a Chinese herbal medicine with efficacy in clearing heat and detoxification, as well as relieving liver pain. The whole plant, except the seeds, can be used and consumed. Flavonoids have been found in modern pharmacological studies to have important biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The antibacterial and antioxidant bioactivities of the total flavonoids of Abrus cantoniensis (ATF) have been widely reported in national and international journals, but there are fewer studies on their anti-inflammatory effects. The present study focused on the optimization of the ultrasonic extraction process of ATF by response surface methodology and the study of its anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the factors that had a great impact on the ATF extraction were the material-to-liquid ratio, ultrasonic extraction cycles and ethanol concentration. The best extraction process used a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:47, ultrasonic extraction cycles of 4 times, an ethanol concentration of 50%, an ultrasonic extraction time of 40 min and an ultrasonic power of 125 W. Under these conditions, the actual extraction rate of total flavonoids was 3.68%, which was not significantly different from the predicted value of 3.71%. In an in vitro anti-inflammatory assay, ATF was found to be effective in alleviating LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-induced inflammation in mouse peritoneal macrophages. In an in vivo anti-inflammatory assay, ATF was found to have a significant inhibitory effect on xylene-induced ear swelling in mice and cotton ball granuloma in mice, and the inhibitory effect was close to that of the positive control drug dexamethasone. This may provide a theoretical basis for the further development of the medicinal value of Abrus cantoniensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Yun Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Wen-Jing Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, No. 1303 Jiaoyu East Road, Yulin 537000, China;
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Ge-Yin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Bai-Chang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Xiao-Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Kai-Yuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Ling-Zhi He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
| | - Hong-Bin Si
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (E.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (G.-Y.Z.); (B.-C.X.); (X.-G.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (L.-Z.H.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Liu Y, Jiang Y, Yang Y, Wang H, Ye J, Liu D, Chen Y, Lian C, Wang R, Gao Y, Meng Y, Gao L, Liu Y. Houttuynia Essential Oil and its Self-Microemulsion Preparation Protect Against LPS-Induced Murine Mastitis by Restoring the Blood–Milk Barrier and Inhibiting Inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:842189. [PMID: 35251039 PMCID: PMC8894196 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.842189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is a common inflammatory disease caused by bacterial infection to the mammary gland that impacts human and animal health and causes economic losses. Houttuynia essential oil (HEO), extracted from Houttuynia cordata Thunb, exhibits excellent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of HEO and a self-microemulsion preparation of HEO (SME-HEO) on inflammation and the blood–milk barrier (BMB) in lipopolysaccharide-induced murine mastitis. HEO and SME-HEO significantly downregulated pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β, upregulated anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, inhibited MPO expression, and alleviated histopathological injury in murine mammary gland tissues. Additionally, HEO and SME-HEO protected the integrity of the BMB by upregulating the expression of junction proteins ZO-1, claudin-1, claudin-3, and occludin. The anti-inflammatory effect of HEO against murine mastitis was mediated by blocking the MAPK signaling pathway and expression of iNOS. By inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors and protecting the integrity of the BMB, HEO may provide a novel treatment for mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunfang Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Renyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuling Liu,
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8
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Song MY, Lee DY, Park SY, Seo SA, Hwang JS, Heo SH, Kim EH. Steamed Ginger Extract Exerts Anti-inflammatory Effects in Helicobacter pylori-infected Gastric Epithelial Cells through Inhibition of NF-κB. J Cancer Prev 2021; 26:289-297. [PMID: 35047455 PMCID: PMC8749313 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2021.26.4.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) has traditionally been used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases in the Asian region. Recently, anti-inflammatory effects of steamed ginger extract (GGE03) have been reported, but its association with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastritis has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of GGE03 in H. pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells. Our studies revealed that the GGE03 suppressed the growth of H. pylori. GGE03 markedly reduced the expression of the H. pylori-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-8, TNF-α, IL-6, inducible NOS (iNOS) and IFN-γ. We also demonstrated that GGE03 treatment inhibited the H. pylori-activated NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, the treatment with GGE03 significantly attenuated nitric oxide production and myeloperoxidase activity in H. pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells. These anti-inflammatory effects of GGE03 were more effective than ginger extract. Finally, we investigated the minimum effective concentration of GGE03 to inhibit H. pylori-induced inflammation. Our findings suggest that GGE03 not only inhibits the growth of H. pylori, but also attenuates H. pylori-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Young Song
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Da-Young Lee
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | | | - Seul-A Seo
- SD Biotechnologies Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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9
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Zi Y, Yao M, Lu Z, Lu F, Bie X, Zhang C, Zhao H. Glycoglycerolipids from the leaves of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton (Labiatae) and their anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 184:112679. [PMID: 33550195 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A described monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and two undescribed digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDGs) were isolated from the leaves of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton (Labiatae) by using silica gel column chromatography and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The elucidation of complete structure of these compounds were conducted by using MS and NMR techniques. The MGDG (7.5% of total lipids) was identified as 1,2-2-O-(9Z,12Z,15E-octadecatrienoyl)-3-O-(β-D-galactopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol. The two DGDGs (2.8% and 1.0% of total lipids, respectively) were identified as 1-O-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-2-O-(6Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoyl)-3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1″→6')-α-D-galactopyranosyl]-sn-glycerol and 1-O- hexadecanoyl -2-O-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoy -l)-3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1″→6')-α-D-galactopyranosyl]-sn-glycerol, respectively. All the isolated MGDG and DGDGs were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages RAW264.7 cells. All of them showed good inhibitory activities and significantly blocked the production of LPS-induced TNF-α, (IL)-1β and IL-6. The above results shed some light on a better understanding of the traditional anti-inflammatory effect of Perilla frutescens and reveal the potential anti-inflammatory constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mengjia Yao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fengxia Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haizhen Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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10
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Zhang H, Guo Q, Liang Z, Wang M, Wang B, Sun-Waterhouse D, Waterhouse GI, Wang J, Ma C, Kang W. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Chaetoglobosin Vb in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells: Achieved via the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 147:111915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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11
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Milanesi E, Dobre M, Manuc TE, Becheanu G, Tieranu CG, Ionescu EM, Manuc M. Mucosal gene expression changes induced by anti-TNF treatment in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:831-836. [PMID: 31322753 PMCID: PMC6790597 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades anti‐tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been widely used to induce and maintain clinical and endoscopical remission, completely changing management of the disease. In this study, we aimed to identify gene expression changes in inflamed mucosa from Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients treated with 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (N = 25) or anti‐TNF agents (N = 12) compared to drug‐free IBD patients (N = 12) and non‐IBD control subjects (N = 18). The mucosal expression of 84 genes previously associated with IBD was evaluated by qPCR. We found that both therapeutic regimens induce a decrease in LCN2, NOS2, and TFF1, the levels of which are overexpressed in drug‐free patients compared to non‐IBD control subjects. Interestingly, a stronger effect of anti‐TNF drugs was observed on LCN2 and TFF1 levels. However, 5‐ASA seems to induce a more robust reduction of NOS2 expression. Moreover, we found that anti‐TNF treatment significantly increased ABCB1, leading to levels similar to those found in non‐IBD control subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Milanesi
- National Institute of Pathology "Victor Babeş", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Dobre
- National Institute of Pathology "Victor Babeş", Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Gabriel Becheanu
- National Institute of Pathology "Victor Babeş", Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Elena M Ionescu
- "Elias" Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.,"Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Manuc
- "Fundeni" Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania.,"Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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12
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Ganji-Arjenaki M, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Phytotherapies in inflammatory bowel disease. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 24:42. [PMID: 31160909 PMCID: PMC6540767 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_590_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been considered as a group of heterogeneous intestinal diseases that affects multiple organs outside of the gastrointestinal tract and is due to an uncontrolled inflammatory response mediated by the immune system. The IBD etiology has not been clearly defined, and it is considered as a multifactorial disease. Due to side effects of some conventional therapies, the consumption of complementary and alternative medicines, and in particular, the herbal therapy, more than before is increasing. Herbal therapy results for management of IBD by various mechanisms including leukotriene B4 inhibition, antioxidant activity, immune system regulation of nuclear factor-kappa B, as well as antiplatelet activity are favorable, and no unfortunate events have been yet reported. In this article, we aimed to review and report the herbal therapies established for management of human IBD or evaluated by animal IBD models. Their possible mechanisms of actions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboube Ganji-Arjenaki
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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13
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Peng Y, Hu M, Lu Q, Tian Y, He W, Chen L, Wang K, Pan S. Flavonoids derived from Exocarpium Citri Grandis inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory response via suppressing MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2018.1550056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjun Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Lu
- Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanying He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kexing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyi Pan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Senhaji N, Nadifi S, Zaid Y, Serrano A, Rodriguez DAL, Serbati N, Karkouri M, Badre W, Martín J. Polymorphisms in oxidative pathway related genes and susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:8300-8307. [PMID: 29307990 PMCID: PMC5743501 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i47.8300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether common variants in the oxidative pathway genes influence inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) risk among Moroccan patients.
METHODS The distribution of (TAAA)n_rs12720460 and (CCTTT)n _rs3833912 NOS2A microsatellite repeats, HIF-1A_rs11549467 and NFKB1-94ins/delATTG_rs28362491 was analyzed in 507 subjects grouped in 199 IBD and 308 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed with polymerase chain reaction-fluorescent method and the TaqMan® allelic discrimination technology.
RESULTS The allele and genotype frequencies of HIF1A_ rs11549467, NFKB1_rs28362491 and NOS2A_ (TAAA)n did not differ significantly between patients and controls. Analysis of NOS2A_ (CCTTT)n markers evidenced differences between patients and healthy controls. A preferential presence of the (CCTTT)8 (P = 0.02; OR = 1.71, 95%CI: 1.07-2.74), (CCTTT)14 (P = 0.02; OR = 1.71, 95%CI: 1.06-2.76) alleles in IBD, (CCTTT)8 (P = 0.008; OR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.17-3.23) in CD and (CCTTT)7 (P = 0.009; OR = 7.61, 95%CI: 1.25-46.08), (CCTTT)11 (P = 0.05; OR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.25-1.01), (CCTTT)14 (P = 0.02; OR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.07-3.94), (CCTTT)15 (P = 0.01; OR = 2.25, 95%CI: 1.16-4.35) repeats in UC patients indicated its possible association with higher disease risk which need to be confirmed in a larger sample size.
CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the NOS2A_ (CCTTT)n gene variations may influence IBD susceptibility in the Moroccan population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezha Senhaji
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Casablanca 20100, Morocco
| | - Sellama Nadifi
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Casablanca 20100, Morocco
| | - Younes Zaid
- Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - Aurora Serrano
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, P.T.S. Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Daniel Arturo Leon Rodriguez
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, P.T.S. Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Nadia Serbati
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Casablanca 20100, Morocco
| | - Mehdi Karkouri
- Department of Pathology, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - Wafaa Badre
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
| | - Javier Martín
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, P.T.S. Granada 18016, Spain
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15
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Negi VS, Mariaselvam CM, Misra DP, Muralidharan N, Fortier C, Charron D, Krishnamoorthy R, Tamouza R. Polymorphisms in the promoter region of iNOS
predispose to rheumatoid arthritis in south Indian Tamils. Int J Immunogenet 2017; 44:114-121. [DOI: 10.1111/iji.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. S. Negi
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER); Puducherry India
| | - C. M. Mariaselvam
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER); Puducherry India
- INSERM, UMRS, U1160; Saint Louis Hospital; Paris France
| | - D. P. Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER); Puducherry India
| | - N. Muralidharan
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER); Puducherry India
| | - C. Fortier
- Jean Dausset laboratory of Immunology and Immunogenetics and LabExTransplantex; Saint Louis Hospital; Paris France
| | - D. Charron
- INSERM, UMRS, U1160; Saint Louis Hospital; Paris France
- Jean Dausset laboratory of Immunology and Immunogenetics and LabExTransplantex; Saint Louis Hospital; Paris France
| | | | - R. Tamouza
- INSERM, UMRS, U1160; Saint Louis Hospital; Paris France
- Jean Dausset laboratory of Immunology and Immunogenetics and LabExTransplantex; Saint Louis Hospital; Paris France
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16
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Abiodun OO, Rodríguez-Nogales A, Algieri F, Gomez-Caravaca AM, Segura-Carretero A, Utrilla MP, Rodriguez-Cabezas ME, Galvez J. Antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory activity of an ethanolic extract from the stem bark of Terminalia catappa L. (Combretaceae): In vitro and in vivo evidences. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 192:309-319. [PMID: 27452660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMOCOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Terminalia catappa Linn (Combretaceae) is a medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrhoeal and antioxidant properties, frequently found in tropical regions. Considering its characteristics, it could be useful for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, which is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and an immune dysfunction. Thus this study evaluates the immunomodulatory properties and the intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of an ethanolic extract of the stem bark of T. catappa (ETCB) both in vitro (in RAW 264.7 macrophages) and in vivo, in the trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) model of rat colitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The phenolic compounds in ETCB were identified and quantified using HPLC-DAD-qTOF-MS. The immunomodulatory activity ETCB was tested in vitro by determining the macrophage production of IL-1β and nitrites. In vivo studies were performed in the TNBS model of rat colitis. ETCB was given (25, 50 and 100mg/kg/day) orally for two days prior to colitis induction and thereafter for 7 days. Response to treatment was assessed by scoring the gross appearance of the colon, and determining myeloperoxidase activity, gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-23 and IL-6, chemokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase and proteins crucial in the maintenance of the intestinal mucosal barrier integrity like mucins (MUC-2, MUC-3) and villin. RESULTS ETCB was able to inhibit IL-1β and nitrite production in vitro in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, treatment of TNBS colitic rats with ETCB resulted in a decreased colonic damage score and weight/length ratio. It also reduced the colonic neutrophil infiltration indicated by a lower myeloperoxidase activity and prevented the depletion of colonic glutathione levels in colitic rats. In addition, treatment with ETCB down-regulated the gene expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-23, IL-6 and CINC-1) and iNOS in colitic rats. Moreover, the gene expression of mucosal barrier proteins like MUC-2, MUC-3 and villin were up-regulated in colitic rats treated with ETCB. The dose of ETCB that produced the most significant beneficial effect was 100mg/kg. Regarding the chemical composition of ETCB, 31 phenolic compounds were identified, including ellagic acid, catalagin and gallic acid. CONCLUSION The beneficial effect of ETCB in the TNBS induced colitis in rats could be related to its antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities, which could be attributed to the phenolic compounds identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyindamola O Abiodun
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Alba Rodríguez-Nogales
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francesca Algieri
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Maria Gomez-Caravaca
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; Research and Development Centre for Functional Food (CIDAF), Health-Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; Research and Development Centre for Functional Food (CIDAF), Health-Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - M Pilar Utrilla
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M Elena Rodriguez-Cabezas
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Galvez
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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17
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Farzaei MH, Bahramsoltani R, Abdolghaffari AH, Sodagari HR, Esfahani SA, Rezaei N. A mechanistic review on plant-derived natural compounds as dietary supplements for prevention of inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 10:745-58. [PMID: 26799847 DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2016.1145546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurrent idiopathic inflammatory condition, characterized by disruption of the gut mucosal barrier. This mechanistic review aims to highlight the significance of plant-derived natural compounds as dietary supplements, which can be used in addition to restricted conventional options for the prevention of IBD and induction of remission. Various clinical trials confirmed the effectiveness and tolerability of natural supplements in patients with IBD. Mounting evidence suggests that these natural compounds perform their protective and therapeutic effect on IBD through numerous molecular mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory, anti-oxidative stress, modulation of intracellular signaling transduction pathways, as well as improving gut microbiota. In conclusion, natural products can be considered as dietary supplements with therapeutic potential for IBD, provided that their safety and efficacy is confirmed in future well-designed clinical trials with adequate sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran.,b Medical Biology Research Center , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- d Medicinal Plants Research Center , Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR , Karaj , Iran.,e International Campus ICTUMS , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sodagari
- f Young Researchers and Elite Club, Karaj Branch , Islamic Azad University , Karaj , Iran
| | - Shadi A Esfahani
- g Department of Radiology , Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Nima Rezaei
- h Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,i Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,j Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA) , Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) , Tehran , Iran
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18
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Chen F, Li YM, Yang LQ, Zhong CG, Zhuang ZX. Association of NOS2 and NOS3 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy in the Chinese Han population. IUBMB Life 2016; 68:516-25. [PMID: 27192959 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene play important roles in the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study aims to detect the potential association of NOS2 and NOS3 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility toT2DM and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in the Chinese Han population. Four hundred and ninety T2DM patients and 485 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. The genotypes of NOS2 and NOS3 gene polymorphisms were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-ligase detection reaction (LDR) method. Our data demonstrated that the NOS2 rs2779248 and NOS2 rs1137933 genetic polymorphisms were significantly associated with the increased susceptibility to T2DM in the heterozygote comparison, dominant model, and allele contrast; and NOS3 rs3918188 genetic polymorphism was significantly associated with the increased susceptibility to T2DM in the homozygote comparison and recessive model. The allele-C and genotype-TC of NOS2 rs2779248, allele-A and genotype-GA of NOS2 rs1137933 and genotype-AA of NOS3 rs3918188 genetic polymorphisms might be the risk factors for increasing the susceptibility to T2DM. And a significant haplotype effect of NOS2 rs10459953/C- rs1137933/G- rs2779248/T was found between T2DM cases and controls. Moreover, NOS3 rs1800783 polymorphism was significantly associated with the increased susceptibility to DN in the heterozygote comparison, recessive model and allele contrast. At last, a positive correlation of family history of diabetes with NOS3 rs11771443 polymorphism was found in DN. These preliminary findings indicate that the NOS2 rs2779248, NOS2 rs1137933, and NOS3 rs3918188 genetic polymorphisms are potentially related to the susceptibility to T2DM, and the rs1800783 polymorphism might be considered as genetic risk factors for diabetic nephropathy, and family history of diabetes was closely associated with rs11771443 polymorphism in DN, and the genetic variants might be used as molecular markers for evaluating the risk of T2DM and diabetic nephropathy. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(7):516-525, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Toxicology, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu-Mei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin-Qing Yang
- Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Cai-Gao Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Zhuang
- Department of Toxicology, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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19
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Ino S, Kohda C, Takeshima K, Ishikawa H, Norose T, Yamochi T, Takimoto M, Takahashi H, Tanaka K. Oral tolerance is inducible during active dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2016; 7:242-253. [PMID: 27158540 PMCID: PMC4848247 DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v7.i2.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate whether oral tolerance is inducible during the active phase of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.
METHODS: Colitis was induced in 6- to 8-wk-old female BALB/c mice by the administration of 2% DSS. To induce oral tolerance, mice that received water with DSS [DSS (+)] and mice that received autoclaved water [DSS (-)] were intragastrically (i.g.) administered ovalbumin (OVA) as a tolerogen before systemic challenge with OVA. Following this, serum levels of OVA-specific IgE antibodies were measured. In mice with active colitis, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cell and B10 cell frequencies were evaluated using flow cytometry. Cytokine mRNA expression profiles were evaluated by reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS: Regardless of the presence of DSS colitis, OVA-specific immunoglobulin E concentrations were significantly reduced in mice that were i.g. administered OVA compared to mice that were i.g. administered PBS [DSS (+): 4.4 (4.2-9.5) ng/mL vs 83.9 (66.1-123.2) ng/mL, P < 0.01; DSS (-): 27.7 (0.1-54.5) ng/mL vs 116.5 (80.6-213.6) ng/mL, P < 0.01]. These results demonstrated that oral tolerance was induced in both the presence and absence of colitis. In the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), the frequencies of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells and B10 cells, both of which are associated with oral tolerance, did not significantly change. In the spleen, interferon-γ mRNA expression significantly decreased in mice with colitis [DSS (+): 0.42 (0.31-0.53) vs DSS (-): 1.00 (0.84-1.39), P < 0.01]. The expression levels of other cytokines did not significantly change.
CONCLUSION: Oral tolerance is inducible during active DSS colitis. The stability of regulatory cell populations in the spleen and MLN in colitis might correlate with these results.
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20
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Ewees MG, Messiha BAS, Abo-Saif AA, Abd El-Latif HAET. Is Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> Effective in Protection against Ulcerative Colitis? An Experimental Study in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:1159-1166. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gamal Ewees
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University
| | | | - Ali Ahmed Abo-Saif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
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21
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Oliveira J, Debnath M, Etain B, Bennabi M, Hamdani N, Lajnef M, Bengoufa D, Fortier C, Boukouaci W, Bellivier F, Kahn JP, Henry C, Charron D, Krishnamoorthy R, Leboyer M, Tamouza R. Violent suicidal behaviour in bipolar disorder is associated with nitric oxide synthase 3 gene polymorphism. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2015; 132:218-25. [PMID: 25939888 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Given the importance of nitric oxide system in oxidative stress, inflammation, neurotransmission and cerebrovascular tone regulation, we postulated its potential dysfunction in bipolar disorder (BD) and suicide. By simultaneously analysing variants of three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) genes, we explored interindividual genetic liability to suicidal behaviour in BD. METHOD A total of 536 patients with BD (DSM-IV) and 160 healthy controls were genotyped for functionally relevant NOS1, NOS2 and NOS3 polymorphisms. History of suicidal behaviour and violent suicide attempt was documented for 511 patients with BD. Chi-squared test was used to perform genetic association analyses and logistic regression to test for gene-gene interactions. RESULTS NOS3 rs1799983 T homozygous state was associated with violent suicide attempts (26.4% vs. 10.8%, in patients and controls, P = 0.002, corrected P (Pc) = 0.004, OR: 2.96, 95% CI = 1.33-6.34), and this association was restricted to the early-onset BD subgroup (37.9% vs. 10.8%, in early-onset BD and controls, P = 0.0003, Pc = 0.0006 OR: 5.05, 95% CI: 1.95-12.45), while we found no association with BD per se and no gene-gene interactions. CONCLUSION Our results bring further evidence for the potential involvement of endothelial NOS gene variants in susceptibility to suicidal behaviour. Future exploration of this pathway on larger cohort of suicidal behaviour is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Oliveira
- INSERM, U1160, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - M Debnath
- INSERM, U1160, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - B Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Psychopathologie et Génétique des maladies psychiatriques, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - M Bennabi
- INSERM, U1160, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - N Hamdani
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Psychopathologie et Génétique des maladies psychiatriques, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - M Lajnef
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Psychopathologie et Génétique des maladies psychiatriques, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - D Bengoufa
- Laboratoire Jean Dausset and LabEx Transplantex, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - C Fortier
- Laboratoire Jean Dausset and LabEx Transplantex, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - W Boukouaci
- INSERM, U1160, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - F Bellivier
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Psychopathologie et Génétique des maladies psychiatriques, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - J-P Kahn
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie et Psychologie Clinique, CHU de Nancy, Hôpitaux de Brabois, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - C Henry
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Psychopathologie et Génétique des maladies psychiatriques, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - D Charron
- INSERM, U1160, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Laboratoire Jean Dausset and LabEx Transplantex, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | | | - M Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Psychopathologie et Génétique des maladies psychiatriques, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - R Tamouza
- INSERM, U1160, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Laboratoire Jean Dausset and LabEx Transplantex, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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Role of polymorphisms of inducible nitric oxide synthase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in idiopathic environmental intolerances. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:245308. [PMID: 25878398 PMCID: PMC4387900 DOI: 10.1155/2015/245308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play a pathogenetic role in idiopathic environmental intolerances (IEI), namely, multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), fibromyalgia (FM), and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Given the reported association of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) gene polymorphisms with inflammatory disorders, we aimed to investigate the distribution of NOS2A −2.5 kb (CCTTT)n as well as Ser608Leu and NOS3 −786T>C variants and their correlation with nitrite/nitrate levels, in a study cohort including 170 MCS, 108 suspected MCS (SMCS), 89 FM/CFS, and 196 healthy subjects. Patients and controls had similar distributions of NOS2A Ser608Leu and NOS3 −786T>C polymorphisms. Interestingly, the NOS3 −786TT genotype was associated with increased nitrite/nitrate levels only in IEI patients. We also found that the NOS2A −2.5 kb (CCTTT)11 allele represents a genetic determinant for FM/CFS, and the (CCTTT)16 allele discriminates MCS from SMCS patients. Instead, the (CCTTT)8 allele reduces by three-, six-, and tenfold, respectively, the risk for MCS, SMCS, and FM/CFS. Moreover, a short number of (CCTTT) repeats is associated with higher concentrations of nitrites/nitrates. Here, we first demonstrate that NOS3 −786T>C variant affects nitrite/nitrate levels in IEI patients and that screening for NOS2A −2.5 kb (CCTTT)n polymorphism may be useful for differential diagnosis of various IEI.
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23
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Apinjoh TO, Anchang-Kimbi JK, Njua-Yafi C, Ngwai AN, Mugri RN, Clark TG, Rockett KA, Kwiatkowski DP, Achidi EA. Association of candidate gene polymorphisms and TGF-beta/IL-10 levels with malaria in three regions of Cameroon: a case-control study. Malar J 2014; 13:236. [PMID: 24934404 PMCID: PMC4077225 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasmodium falciparum malaria is one of the most widespread and deadliest infectious diseases in children under five years in endemic areas. The disease has been a strong force for evolutionary selection in the human genome, and uncovering the critical host genetic factors that confer resistance to the disease would provide clues to the molecular basis of protective immunity and improve vaccine development initiatives. Methods The effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and plasma transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels on malaria pathology was investigated in a case–control study of 1862 individuals from two major ethnic groups in three regions with intense perennial P. falciparum transmission in Cameroon. Thirty-four malaria candidate polymorphisms, including the sickle cell trait (HbS), were assayed on the Sequenom iPLEX platform while plasma TGF-β and IL-10 levels were measured by sandwich ELISA. Results The study confirms the known protective effect of HbS against severe malaria and also reveals a protective effect of SNPs in the nitrogen oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) gene against malaria infection, anaemia and uncomplicated malaria. Furthermore, ADCY9 rs10775349 (additive G) and ABO rs8176746 AC individuals were associated with protection from hyperpyrexia and hyperparasitaemia, respectively. Meanwhile, individuals with the EMR1 rs373533 GT, EMR1 rs461645 CT and RTN3 rs542998 (additive C) genotypes were more susceptible to hyperpyrexia while both females and males with the rs1050828 and rs1050829 SNPs of G6PD, respectively, were more vulnerable to anaemia. Plasma TGF-β levels were strongly correlated with heterozygosity for the ADCY9 rs2230739 and HBB rs334 SNPs while individuals with the ABO rs8176746 AC genotype had lower IL-10 levels. Conclusion Taken together, this study suggests that some rare polymorphisms in candidate genes may have important implications for the susceptibility of Cameroonians to severe malaria. Moreover using the uncomplicated malaria phenotype may permit the identification of novel pathways in the early development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric A Achidi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
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24
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Ghatule RR, Gautam MK, Goel S, Singh A, Joshi VK, Goel RK. Protective effects of Aegle marmelos fruit pulp on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced experimental colitis. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:S147-52. [PMID: 24914296 PMCID: PMC4047580 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.127366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aegle marmelos (AM) fruit has been advocated in indigenous system of medicine for the treatment of various gastrointestinal disorders, fever, asthma, inflammations, febrile delirium, acute bronchitis, snakebite, epilepsy, leprosy, myalgia, smallpox, leucoderma, mental illnesses, sores, swelling, thirst, thyroid disorders, tumours and upper respiratory tract infections. Objective: The objective of this study was to study the curative effect of 50% ethanol extract of dried fruit pulp of AM (AME) against 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced experimental colitis. Materials and Methods: AME (200 mg/kg) was administered orally, once daily for 14 days after TNBS-induced colitis. Rats were given intracolonic normal saline or TNBS alone or TNBS plus oral AME. AME was studied for its in vitro antibacterial activity against Gram-negative intestinal bacteria and on TNBS-induced changes in colonic damage, weight and adhesions (macroscopic and microscopic), diarrhea, body weight and colonic levels of free radicals (nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation), antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione) and pro-inflammatory marker (myeloperoxidase [MPO]) in rats. Results: AME showed antibacterial activity against intestinal pathogens and decreased colonic mucosal damage and inflammation, diarrhea, colonic free radicals and MPO and enhanced body weight and colonic antioxidants level affected by TNBS. The effects of AME on the above parameters were comparable with sulfasalazine, a known colitis protective drug (100 mg/kg, oral). Conclusion: AME shows curative effects against TNBS-induced colitis by its antibacterial activity and promoting colonic antioxidants and reducing free radicals and MPO-induced colonic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit R Ghatule
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manish K Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shalini Goel
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Medanta - The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod K Joshi
- Department of Dravyaguna, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raj K Goel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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25
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Zhang J, Li B, Ding X, Sun M, Li H, Yang M, Zhou C, Yu H, Liu H, Yu G. Genetic variants in inducible nitric oxide synthase gene are associated with the risk of radiation-induced lung injury in lung cancer patients receiving definitive thoracic radiation. Radiother Oncol 2014; 111:194-8. [PMID: 24746566 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nitric oxide (NO), mainly synthesized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) in pathological conditions, plays an important role in cytotoxicity, inflammation and fibrosis. Elevations in exhaled NO after thoracic radiation have been reported to predict radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). This study examined whether genetic variations in NOS2 gene is associated with the risk of RILI. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cohort of 301 patients between 2009 and 2011 were genotyped for 21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NOS2 gene by the Sequenom MassArray system. Kaplan-Meier cumulative probability was used to assess RILI risk and Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of NOS2 genotypes on RILI. RESULTS Multivariate analysis found that three SNPs (rs2297518, rs1137933 and rs16949) in NOS2 were significantly associated with risk of RILI⩾2 (P value=0.001, 0.000092, 0.001, respectively) after adjusting for other covariates. Their associations were independent of radiation dose and mean lung dose. Further haplotype analysis indicated that the ATC haplotype of three SNPs is associated with reducing the risk of developing RILI. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that genetic variants of NOS2 may serve as a reliable predictor of RILI in lung cancer patients treated with thoracic radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, PR China; Shandong's Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Jinan, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, PR China
| | - Baosheng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, PR China; Shandong's Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Jinan, PR China.
| | - Xiuping Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, PR China; Shandong's Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Jinan, PR China
| | - Mingping Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, PR China; Shandong's Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Jinan, PR China
| | - Hongsheng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, PR China; Shandong's Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Jinan, PR China
| | - Ming Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, PR China
| | - Changchun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, PR China; Shandong's Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Jinan, PR China
| | - Haiying Yu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Jinan, PR China
| | - Gongqi Yu
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Jinan, PR China
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26
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Dhillon SS, Mastropaolo LA, Murchie R, Griffiths C, Thöni C, Elkadri A, Xu W, Mack A, Walters T, Guo C, Mack D, Huynh H, Baksh S, Silverberg MS, Brumell JH, Snapper SB, Muise AM. Higher activity of the inducible nitric oxide synthase contributes to very early onset inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2014; 5:e46. [PMID: 24430113 PMCID: PMC3912315 DOI: 10.1038/ctg.2013.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The NOS2 gene encodes for the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), responsible for nitric oxide (NO) production, which contributes to antimicrobial and antipathogenic activities. Higher levels of both iNOS and NO-induced damage have been observed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. NOS2 may have a role in a specific subset of IBD patients with severe and/or extensive colitis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the role of NOS2 in such a subset, very early onset IBD (VEO-IBD). METHODS Seventeen tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NOS2 gene were successfully genotyped in VEO-IBD patients. Genetic associations were replicated in an independent VEO-IBD cohort. Functional analysis for iNOS activity was performed on the most significantly associated functional variant. RESULTS The NOS2 rs2297518 SNP was found to be associated in VEO-IBD in two independent cohorts. Upon combined analysis, a coding variant (S608L) showed the strongest association with VEO-IBD (Pcombined=1.13 × 10(-6), OR (odds ratio)=3.398 (95% CI (confidence interval) 2.02-5.717)) as well as associations with VEO-Crohn's disease and VEO-ulcerative colitis (UC). This variant also showed an association with UC diagnosed between 11 and 17 years of age but not with adult-onset IBD (>17 years). B-cell lymphoblastoid cell lines genotyped for the risk variant as well as Henle-407 cells transfected with a plasmid construct with the risk variant showed higher NO production. Colonic biopsies of VEO-IBD patients showed higher immunohistochemical staining of nitrotyrosine, indicating more nitrosative stress and tissue damage. CONCLUSIONS These studies suggest the importance of iNOS in genetic susceptibility to younger IBD presentation due to higher NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep S Dhillon
- 1] SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [2] Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lucas A Mastropaolo
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan Murchie
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Griffiths
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cornelia Thöni
- 1] SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [2] Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter Innsbruck, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Abdul Elkadri
- 1] SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [2] Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [3] Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Princess Margaret Hospital and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Mack
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Walters
- 1] SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [2] Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Conghui Guo
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Mack
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hien Huynh
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shairaz Baksh
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark S Silverberg
- 1] Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [2] Mount Sinai Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, University of Toronto Group, Dr Zane Cohen Digestive Diseases Clinical Research Centre, 600 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John H Brumell
- 1] SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [2] Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [3] Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott B Snapper
- 1] Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts, USA [2] Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aleixo M Muise
- 1] SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [2] Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada [3] Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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27
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Jena M, Srivastava AK, Singh RK, Sharma PR, Das P, Bamezai RN. NOS2A promoter (CCTTT)n association with TB lacks independent functional correlation amongst Indians. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2014; 94:81-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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O'Callaghan ME, Maclennan AH, Gibson CS, McMichael GL, Haan EA, Broadbent JL, Baghurst PA, Goldwater PN, Dekker GA. Genetic and clinical contributions to cerebral palsy: a multi-variable analysis. J Paediatr Child Health 2013; 49:575-81. [PMID: 23773706 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to examine single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations with cerebral palsy in a multi-variable analysis adjusting for potential clinical confounders and to assess SNP-SNP and SNP-maternal infection interactions as contributors to cerebral palsy. METHODS A case control study including 587 children with cerebral palsy and 1154 control children without cerebral palsy. Thirty-nine candidate SNPs were genotyped in both mother and child. Data linkage to perinatal notes and cerebral palsy registers was performed with a supplementary maternal pregnancy questionnaire. History of known maternal infection during pregnancy was extracted from perinatal databases. RESULTS Both maternal and fetal carriage of inducible nitric oxide synthase SNP rs1137933 were significantly negatively associated with cerebral palsy in infants born at less than 32 weeks gestation after adjustment for potential clinical confounders and correction for multiple testing (odds ratio 0.55, 95% confidence interval 0.38-0.79; odds ratio 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.4-0.82, respectively). Analysis did not show any statistically significant SNP-SNP or SNP-maternal infection interactions after correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS Maternal and child inducible nitric oxide synthase SNPs are associated with reduced risk of cerebral palsy in infants born very preterm. There was no evidence for statistically significant SNP-SNP or SNP-maternal infection interactions as modulators of cerebral palsy risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E O'Callaghan
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia.
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29
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Rahimi R, Baghaei A, Baeeri M, Amin G, Shams-Ardekani MR, Khanavi M, Abdollahi M. Promising effect of Magliasa, a traditional Iranian formula, on experimental colitis on the basis of biochemical and cellular findings. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:1901-11. [PMID: 23569335 PMCID: PMC3613105 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i12.1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the efficacy of Magliasa, a traditional Iranian formula, on experimental colitis.
METHODS: After botanical authentication of herbal ingredients, formulation of Magliasa, quantitative determination of total glucosinolates and total phenolic content, and analysis of the thin layer chromatography profile were performed. Colitis was then induced in male rats by instillation of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) in all groups, aside from the Sham group. The experimental groups consisted of: the Sham group that received only normal saline; the Mag-50, Mag-100 and Mag-200 groups, which received 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg per day of Magliasa, respectively; the control group, which received vehicle water orally; the infliximab group, which received infliximab (5 mg/kg per day, subcutaneously); and the Dexa group, which received dexamethasone (1 mg/kg per day, orally). After completing the treatment period (2 wk), the rats were sacrificed, the colon was removed, its macroscopic and microscopic changes were recorded, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), total antioxidant capacity, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were assessed in colon homogenate.
RESULTS: The mean value of total glucosinolates in one gram of Magliasa was 19 ± 1 μmol. The mean value of the total phenolic content was 293.8 ± 17.6 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 gram of Magliasa. Macroscopic scores were significantly decreased in Mag-100 (1.80 ± 0.58, P = 0.019) and Mag-200 (1.20 ± 0.20, P = 0.001) compared to the control group (3.40 ± 0.24), although some inflammation and hyperemia were evident. Treatment of rats by dexamethasone (0.33 ± 0.21, P < 0.001) and infliximab (0.83 ± 0.31, P < 0.001) remarkably attenuated scores where mild hyperemia was observed macroscopically. In comparison to the control group (4.00 ± 0.32), only Mag-200 (1.60 ± 0.40) showed a significant decrease in colonic histopathological scores (P = 0.005). Minimal mucosal inflammation was observed in the Dexa group (0.67 ± 0.21, P < 0.001). The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and MPO were significantly lower in all groups compared to the controls (P < 0.05). A significant decrease in LPO was seen in the Mag-200 (3.27 ± 0.77, P = 0.01) and Dexa (3.44 ± 0.22, P = 0.011) groups in comparison to the control group (6.43 ± 0.61). Only dexamethasone caused a significant increase in antioxidant power in comparison to the control group (346.73 ± 9.9 vs 228.33 ± 2.75, P < 0.001). Infliximab and different doses of Magliasa did not show any remarkable increase in antioxidant capacity (P > 0.05). The effect of Magliasa in all of mentioned parameters, except antioxidant capacity, was dose dependent.
CONCLUSION: The effects of Magliasa in TNBS-induced colitis are encouraging and warrant clinical trials for further confirmation.
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30
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Livnat G, Lerner A, Hakim F, Eshach-Adiv O, Berkowitz D, Bentur L. Bronchial reactivity and fractional exhaled NO in Crohn's disease in the era of immunomodulating treatment. Acta Paediatr 2012; 101:e399-404. [PMID: 22715994 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2012.02751.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM Our aim was to determine bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) and fractional exhaled NO (FeNO) in a cohort followed and treated for Crohn's disease (CD) in a Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit. METHODS Consecutive children with CD were referred to the Pediatric Pulmonary Unit. Each patient completed a questionnaire, followed by spirometry, methacholine challenge test (MCT) and determination of FeNO. The control group included patients evaluated for functional cough who had negative MCT. RESULTS Twenty-three children and young adults (mean age, 17.39 ± 2.96 years) with CD were compared to 24 healthy controls. 20/23 patients received immunomodulating treatment. Forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) was significantly lower prior to (93.74 ± 10.81%, p = 0.009) and at the end of (78.91 ± 18.39%, p = 0.001) the MCT in the CD group compared with the control group (102.2 ± 10.477% and 95.33 ± 11.075%, respectively). Bronchial hyper-responsiveness was observed in 30.4% of patients with CD. FeNO levels were 15.37 ± 24.17 in CD and 11.38 ± 5.42 in the control group (p = 0.21). Neither the response to MCT nor FeNO levels were affected by the disease duration or activity index. CONCLUSION In our series, BHR is less frequent than previously described in children with CD. We hypothesize that our finding could result from immunomodulating treatments or lower disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galit Livnat
- Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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31
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Therapeutic effect of ginsenoside Rd in rats with TNBS-induced recurrent ulcerative colitis. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:1231-9. [PMID: 22864746 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-0714-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by oxidative and nitrosative stress and neutrophil infiltration. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of ginsenoside Rd (GRd) in rats with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced recurrent UC. After UC was twice-induced by intracolonic injection of TNBS, rats were intragastrically administered different doses of GRd per day for 7 days. The colonic lesions and inflammation were evaluated both histologically and biochemically. Compared with the TNBS group, GRd treatment facilitated recovery of pathologic changes in the colon after induction of recurrent UC, as evidenced by a significant reduction of colonic weight/length ratio and macroscopic and microscopic damage scores (p < 0.01). The myeloperoxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase activities with malonyldialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in colonic tissues were significantly decreased in the GRd group compared with those in the TNBS group (p < 0.01). GRd treatment was associated with remarkably increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. Results showed a valuable effect of GRd against TNBS-induced recurrent UC by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and promoting the antioxidant capacity of the damaged colonic tissue.
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Inducible nitric oxide synthase genetic polymorphism and risk of asbestosis. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:685870. [PMID: 21660141 PMCID: PMC3110331 DOI: 10.1155/2011/685870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Asbestos, a known occupational pollutant, may upregulate the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and thus the production of nitric oxide (NO). This study investigated whether iNOS (CCTTT)n polymorphism is associated with an increased asbestosis risk in exposed workers.
The study cohort consisted of 262 cases with asbestosis and 265 controls with no asbestos-related disease. For each subject the cumulative asbestos exposure data were available. The number of CCTTT repeats was determined following PCR amplification of the iNOS promoter region. Logistic regression was performed to estimate asbestosis risk.
The OR of asbestosis was 1.20 (95% CI = 0.85–1.69) for the LL genotype compared to the combined SL and SS genotypes and 1.26 (95% CI = 0.86–1.85) for the LL genotype compared to the SL genotype.
The results of this study are borderline significant and suggest a possible role of iNOS (CCTTT)n polymorphism in the risk of asbestosis; however, further studies are needed.
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Ross KA. Evidence for somatic gene conversion and deletion in bipolar disorder, Crohn's disease, coronary artery disease, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, type-1 diabetes, and type-2 diabetes. BMC Med 2011; 9:12. [PMID: 21291537 PMCID: PMC3048570 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-9-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During gene conversion, genetic information is transferred unidirectionally between highly homologous but non-allelic regions of DNA. While germ-line gene conversion has been implicated in the pathogenesis of some diseases, somatic gene conversion has remained technically difficult to investigate on a large scale. METHODS A novel analysis technique is proposed for detecting the signature of somatic gene conversion from SNP microarray data. The Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium has gathered SNP microarray data for two control populations and cohorts for bipolar disorder (BD), cardiovascular disease (CAD), Crohn's disease (CD), hypertension (HT), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), type-1 diabetes (T1D) and type-2 diabetes (T2D). Using the new analysis technique, the seven disease cohorts are analyzed to identify cohort-specific SNPs at which conversion is predicted. The quality of the predictions is assessed by identifying known disease associations for genes in the homologous duplicons, and comparing the frequency of such associations with background rates. RESULTS Of 28 disease/locus pairs meeting stringent conditions, 22 show various degrees of disease association, compared with only 8 of 70 in a mock study designed to measure the background association rate (P < 10-9). Additional candidate genes are identified using less stringent filtering conditions. In some cases, somatic deletions appear likely. RA has a distinctive pattern of events relative to other diseases. Similarities in patterns are apparent between BD and HT. CONCLUSIONS The associations derived represent the first evidence that somatic gene conversion could be a significant causative factor in each of the seven diseases. The specific genes provide potential insights about disease mechanisms, and are strong candidates for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Andrew Ross
- Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Qidwai T, Jamal F. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene polymorphism and disease prevalence. Scand J Immunol 2011; 72:375-87. [PMID: 21039732 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02458.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase gene is present on chromosome 17 and has been implicated in a wide variety of diseases. The nitric oxide synthase enzyme forms nitric oxide that besides being a signalling molecule plays an important role in host immune response. Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression is regulated at the level of transcription. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms, copy number variation and simple sequence repeat are important variations that have been reported in human genome. The presence of such variations in the regulatory region affects the level of gene product in the cell, while variation in the coding region influences the structure of proteins and its activity. This alteration in the level of gene product and the structure of the protein molecule might be responsible for the final outcome of genetic as well as infectious diseases. In the present manuscript, we review the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene polymorphisms in different diseases and populations. The iNOS gene with one pentanucleotide repeat, two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in promoter region and one polymorphism in exon 16 has been implicated in several diseases. We have also predicted several polymorphisms in the promoter region of iNOS computationally, which might affect the transcription factor binding site (TFBS) and hypothesize that these polymorphisms have some putative role in the outcome of disease(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Qidwai
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. R.M.L. Avadh University, Faizabad, India
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Wang YH, Yang XL, Wang L, Cui MX, Cai YQ, Li XL, Wu YJ. Effects of proanthocyanidins from grape seed on treatment of recurrent ulcerative colitis in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2011; 88:888-98. [PMID: 20921975 DOI: 10.1139/y10-071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of proanthocyanidins from grape seed (GSPE) in the treatment of recurrent ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats. To induce recurrent colitis, rats were instilled with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) (80 mg/kg) into the colon through the cannula in the first induced phase, and then the rats were instilled a second time with TNBS (30 mg/kg) into the colon on the sixteenth day after the first induction UC. Rats were intragastrically administered GSPE (200 mg/kg) per day for 7 days after twice-induced colitis by TNBS. Sulfasalazine at 500 mg/kg was used as a positive control drug. Rats were killed 7 days after GSPE treatment. The colonic injury and inflammation were assessed by macroscopic and macroscopic damage scores, colon weight/length ratio (mg/cm), and myeloperoxidase activity. Then, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities, and the levels of malonyldialdehyde, glutathione, and nitric oxide in serum and colonic tissues were measured. Compared with the recurrent UC group, GSPE treatment facilitated recovery of pathologic changes in the colon after induction of recurrent colitis, as demonstrated by reduced colonic weight/length ratio and macroscopic and microscopic damage scores. The myeloperoxidase and iNOS activities with malonyldialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in serum and colon tissues of colitis rats were significantly decreased in the GSPE group compared with those in the recurrent UC group. In addition, GSPE treatment was associated with notably increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities, and glutathione levels of colon tissues and serum of rats. GSPE exerted a protective effect on recurrent colitis in rats by modifying the inflammatory response, inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration and antioxidation damage, promoting damaged tissue repair to improve colonic oxidative stress, and inhibiting colonic iNOS activity to reduce the production of nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P.R. China
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Rahimi R, Shams-Ardekani MR, Abdollahi M. A review of the efficacy of traditional Iranian medicine for inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:4504-14. [PMID: 20857519 PMCID: PMC2945480 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i36.4504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not yet known, but many factors such as defects in the immune system, oxidative stress, microbial content in the gastrointestinal tract, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, nitric oxide (NO), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), and leukotriene B4 (LB4) are thought to play a role in its pathogenesis. In traditional Iranian medicine (TIM), several medicinal plants are thought to be effective for the treatment of IBD. In this study, information on all of these remedies were derived from all available old sources such as documents or notes and books and were added to the information derived from modern medical databases covering all in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials. For some of these plants, only one or two mechanisms of action have been found such as in Cassia fistula, Lepidium sativum, and Bunium persicum. However, for some plants various mechanisms of action are known. For example, Commiphora mukul is effective in IBD due to its immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties and it decreases NF-κB, NO and Cox-2. Another herb, Plantago ovata, has immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities and decreases NO and LB4. Considering the mechanisms of action of these plants, the combination of some of them may be useful because of their many mechanisms of action such as Pistacia lentiscus, Bunium persicum, Solanum nigrum, Plantago ovata, Boswellia, Solanum nigrum, Plantago ovata and Commiphora mukul. For some of the herbal products used in TIM such as oleogum resin from Commiphora myrrha, seeds of Ocimum basilicum, seeds of Linum usitatissimum, gum resin of Dracaena cinnabari, seeds of Plantago major, seeds of Lallementia royleana, and seeds of Allium porrum, there is no or not enough studies to confirm their benefits in IBD. It is suggested that an evaluation of the effects of these plants on different aspects of IBD should be performed.
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Pautz A, Art J, Hahn S, Nowag S, Voss C, Kleinert H. Regulation of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Nitric Oxide 2010; 23:75-93. [PMID: 20438856 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2010.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) generated by the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is involved in complex immunomodulatory and antitumoral mechanisms and has been described to have multiple beneficial microbicidal, antiviral and antiparasital effects. However, dysfunctional induction of iNOS expression seems to be involved in the pathophysiology of several human diseases. Therefore iNOS has to be regulated very tightly. Modulation of expression, on both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level, is the major regulation mechanism for iNOS. Pathways resulting in the induction of iNOS expression vary in different cells or species. Activation of the transcription factors NF-kappaB and STAT-1alpha and thereby activation of the iNOS promoter seems to be an essential step for the iNOS induction in most human cells. However, at least in the human system, also post-transcriptional mechanisms involving a complex network of RNA-binding proteins build up by AUF1, HuR, KSRP, PTB and TTP is critically involved in the regulation of iNOS expression. Recent data also implicate regulation of iNOS expression by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pautz
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55101 Mainz, Germany
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Yoneda M, Hotta K, Nozaki Y, Endo H, Tomeno W, Watanabe S, Hosono K, Mawatari H, Iida H, Fujita K, Takahashi H, Kirikoshi H, Kobayashi N, Inamori M, Kubota K, Shimamura T, Saito S, Maeyama S, Wada K, Nakajima A. Influence of inducible nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms in Japanese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatol Res 2009; 39:963-71. [PMID: 19624767 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2009.00539.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Genetic factors as well as environmental factors play an important role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recently, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was significantly higher in the severest form of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and nitric oxide (NO) has been determined to play an important role in the process of fibrosis in NASH. In this study, we investigated iNOS gene polymorphisms for associations with NAFLD. METHODS A total of 115 NAFLD patients, consisting of 65 patients with NASH and 50 patients with simple steatosis, in whom a positive diagnosis had been made by liver biopsy, and 435 healthy control subjects, were recruited into this study. RESULTS We investigated 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the iNOS gene, one of which, rs1060822, had the lowest P-value in the allele frequency model (P = 0.00078) with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.49 (0.32-0.75). Four SNP, rs2297510, rs2297511, rs2797512 and rs1060822, were significantly associated with NAFLD, even when the most conservative Bonferroni's correction was applied. Linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed that SNP rs1060822 and three other SNP, rs2297510, rs2297511 and rs2797512, were in the same block. We also investigated associations between rs1060822 genotypes and the fibrosis index, and the results of the analysis revealed an additive increase in the fibrosis index and intrahepatic iNOS mRNA expression in the patients with the T allele of rs1060822. CONCLUSION This is the first study to identify genetic variations in iNOS that may influence the risk of NAFLD and liver fibrosis in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Yoneda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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NO role of NOS2A susceptibility polymorphisms in rheumatoid arthritis. Nitric Oxide 2009; 21:171-4. [PMID: 19635578 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2009.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Revised: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide has been described as a trigger for the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators and as a cytotoxic molecule with a pivotal role in apoptosis at the joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Polymorphisms in the NOS2A gene, which codes for the inducible nitric oxide synthase [(i)NOS], have been tested for association with several autoimmune diseases such as Crohn's disease or type 1 diabetes. Moreover, the existence of correlated levels of (i)NOS protein and synovial cell apoptosis in RA patients, pointed to NOS2A as a good candidate gene involved in RA predisposition. The role of NOS2A was studied in 405 Spanish RA patients and in 398 ethnically matched healthy controls, through the analysis of five SNPs: two at the NOS2A promoter (rs2779251 and 2779248), other two exonic markers (Asp(346)Asp (rs1137933) and Ser(608)Leu (rs22518)) and the last one located at intron 7 (rs3729508). We also included other two widely-used promoter polymorphisms: the insertion/deletion (TAAA/-) and the (CCTTT)n microsatellite. No individual association of each single-marker or haplotype was found with RA susceptibility. Our data show the low linkage disequilibrium between these NOS2A SNPs and the alleles of the (CCTTT)n microsatellite, corroborating in a Spanish population the observation previously described in British and Gambian population. The present data do not support a causative role of NOS2A polymorphisms in RA predisposition.
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Nitric oxide synthase 2A (NOS2A) polymorphisms are not associated with invasive pneumococcal disease. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2009; 10:28. [PMID: 19309520 PMCID: PMC2666671 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is responsible for over one million deaths per year, with young children, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals being most at risk. Approximately half of East African children have been reported to be asymptomatic carriers of pneumococcus with invasive infection occurring after the disruption of the respiratory membrane which is believed to be caused by the host immune response. Racial incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is higher in certain populations even after adjusting for environmental factors suggesting a genetic component to disease susceptibility. The nitric oxide synthase 2A (NOS2A) gene is responsible for the production of nitric oxide under pathological conditions including host defence against bacterial infection. Nitric oxide is a modulator of apoptotic and inflammatory cascades and endothelial permeability. We hypothesised that genetic variants within this gene may predispose to disease risk and survival. Methods A cohort of 299 children with IPD (221 meningitis, 41 pneumonia and 37 with bacteraemia) and 931 age matched controls from Malawi were used in this study. We investigated nine haplotype tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms within the NOS2A gene and compared the presence or absence of the minor alleles in cases and controls and survivors and non-survivors within the cases. Results We observed no significant associations between cases and controls or with survival in either all IPD cases or in the separate analysis of meningitis cases. A near significant association was obtained for the comparison of rs8078340 in cases and controls (p-value, 0.078). However, results were unadjusted for multiple testing. Conclusion Our results suggest that polymorphic variation within the NOS2A gene does not influence invasive pneumococcal disease susceptibility or survival.
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On the use of herbal medicines in management of inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review of animal and human studies. Dig Dis Sci 2009; 54:471-80. [PMID: 18618255 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-008-0368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Because of potential adverse events and lack of effectiveness of standard therapies, the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM), particularly of herbal therapies, for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing. Results from the use of herbal therapies for managing IBD are promising, and no serious adverse events have been reported from them. Herbal therapies show their benefit in managing IBD by different mechanisms such as immune system regulation, antioxidant activity, inhibition of leukotriene B4, inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB), and antiplatelet activity. In this paper, all reported herbal therapies established in animal IBD models or used for managing human IBD are systematically reviewed and their possible mechanisms of action discussed. Conducting clinical trials with high quality and validity (randomized, double blinded, controlled, on a large number of patients) to obtain more conclusive results about the use of herbal therapies in IBD is recommended.
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