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Liu X, Ding C, He T, Zhu Y, Sun L, Xu C, Gu X. Kinetic modeling of xylonic acid production by Gluconobacter oxydans: effects of hydrodynamic conditions. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:829-837. [PMID: 36952003 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the synthesis of xylonic acid from xylose by Gluconobacter oxydans NL71 has been investigated. According to the relationship between oxygen transfer rate and oxygen uptake rate, three different kinetic models of product formation were established and the nonlinear fitting was carried out. The results showed that G. oxydans has critical dissolved oxygen under different strain concentrations, and the relationship between respiration intensity and dissolved oxygen conformed to the Monod equation [Formula: see text]. The maximum reaction rate per unit cell mass and the theoretical maximum specific productivity of G. oxydans obtained by the kinetic model are 0.042 mol/L/h and 6.97 g/gx/h, respectively. These results will assist in determining the best balance between the airflow rate and cell concentration in the reaction and improve the production efficiency of xylonic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Chenrong Ding
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Tao He
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yafei Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Liqun Sun
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Chaozhong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Xiaoli Gu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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Xu Y, Ji L, Xu S, Bilal M, Ehrenreich A, Deng Z, Cheng H. Membrane-bound sorbitol dehydrogenase is responsible for the unique oxidation of D-galactitol to L-xylo-3-hexulose and D-tagatose in Gluconobacter oxydans. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130289. [PMID: 36503080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gluconobacter oxydans, is used in biotechnology because of its ability to oxidize a wide variety of carbohydrates, alcohols, and polyols in a stereo- and regio-selective manner by membrane-bound dehydrogenases located in periplasmic space. These reactions obey the well-known Bertrand-Hudson's rule. In our previous study (BBA-General Subjects, 2021, 1865:129740), we discovered that Gluconobacter species, including G. oxydans and G. cerinus strain can regio-selectively oxidize the C-3 and C-5 hydroxyl groups of D-galactitol to rare sugars D-tagatose and L-xylo-3-hexulose, which represents an exception to Bertrand Hudson's rule. The enzyme catalyzing this reaction is located in periplasmic space or membrane-bound and is PQQ (pyrroloquinoline quinine) and Ca2+-dependent; we were encouraged to determine which type of enzyme(s) catalyze this unique reaction. METHODS Enzyme was identified by complementation of multi-deletion strain of Gluconobacter oxydans 621H with all putative membrane-bound dehydrogenase genes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified this gene encoding the membrane-bound PQQ-dependent dehydrogenase that catalyzes the unique galactitol oxidation reaction in its 3'-OH and 5'-OH. Complement experiments in multi-deletion G. oxydans BP.9 strains established that the enzyme mSLDH (encoded by GOX0855-0854, sldB-sldA) is responsible for galactitol's unique oxidation reaction. Additionally, we demonstrated that the small subunit SldB of mSLDH was membrane-bound and served as an anchor protein by fusing it to a red fluorescent protein (mRubby), and heterologously expressed in E. coli and the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. The SldB subunit was required to maintain the holo-enzymatic activity that catalyzes the conversion of D-galactitol to L-xylo-3-hexulose and D-tagatose. The large subunit SldA encoded by GOX0854 was also characterized, and it was discovered that its 24 amino acids signal peptide is required for the dehydrogenation activity of the mSLDH protein. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE In this study, the main membrane-bound polyol dehydrogenase mSLDH in G. oxydans 621H was proved to catalyze the unique galactitol oxidation, which represents an exception to the Bertrand Hudson's rule, and broadens its substrate ranges of mSLDH. Further deciphering the explicit enzymatic mechanism will prove this theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60695 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Armin Ehrenreich
- Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Strasse, Freising, Germany.
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hairong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Hua X, Han J, Zhou X, Xu Y. Gas pressure intensifying oxygen transfer to significantly improving the bio‐oxidation productivity of whole‐cell catalysis. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.18005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Hua
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass‐based Fuels and Chemicals Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Han
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass‐based Fuels and Chemicals Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass‐based Fuels and Chemicals Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass‐based Fuels and Chemicals Nanjing People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Wang Z, Xiao J, Zhou X, Xu Y. Osmotic stress tolerance and transcriptome analysis of Gluconobacter oxydans to extra-high titers of glucose. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:977024. [PMID: 36033857 PMCID: PMC9412170 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.977024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gluconobacter oxydans has been widely acknowledged as an ideal strain for industrial bio-oxidations with fantastic yield and productivity. Even 600 g/L xylose can be catalyzed efficiently in a sealed and compressed oxygen-supplying bioreactor. Therefore, the present study seeks to explore the osmotic stress tolerance against extra-high titer of representative lignocellulosic sugars like glucose. Gluconobacter oxydans can well adapted and fermented with initial 600 g/L glucose, exhibiting the highest bio-tolerance in prokaryotic strains and the comparability to the eukaryotic strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1,432 differentially expressed genes corresponding to osmotic pressure are detected through transcriptome analysis, involving several genes related to the probable compatible solutes (trehalose and arginine). Gluconobacter oxydans obtains more energy by enhancing the substrate-level phosphorylation, resulting in the increased glucose consumption rate after fermentation adaption phase. This study will provide insights into further investigation of biological tolerance and response to extra-high titers of glucose of G. oxydans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Xu,
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Hua X, Zhang C, Han J, Xu Y. pH regulatory divergent point for the selective bio-oxidation of primary diols during resting cell catalysis. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:73. [PMID: 35773746 PMCID: PMC9248139 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Hydroxyl acid is an important platform chemical that covers many industrial applications due to its dual functional modules. At present, the traditional technology for hydroxyl acid production mainly adopts the petroleum route with benzene, cyclohexane, butadiene and other non-renewable resources as raw materials which violates the development law of green chemistry. Conversely, it is well-known that biotechnology and bioengineering techniques possess several advantages over chemical methods, such as moderate reaction conditions, high chemical selectivity, and environmental-friendly. However, compared with chemical engineering, there are still some major obstacles in the industrial application of biotechnology. The critical issue of the competitiveness between bioengineering and chemical engineering is products titer and volume productivity. Therefore, based on the importance of hydroxyl acids in many fields, exploring a clean, practical and environmental-friendly preparation process of the hydroxyl acids is the core purpose of this study. Results To obtain high-purity hydroxyl acid, a microbiological regulation for its bioproduction by Gluconobacter oxydans was constructed. In the study, we found a critical point of chain length determine the end-products. Gluconobacter oxydans catalyzed diols with chain length ≤ 4, forming hydroxyl acids, and converting 1,5-pentylene glycol and 1,6-hexylene glycol to diacids. Based on this principle, we successfully synthesized 75.3 g/L glycolic acid, 83.2 g/L 3-hydroxypropionic acid, and 94.3 g/L 4-hydroxybutyric acid within 48 h. Furthermore, we directionally controlled the products of C5/C6 diols by adjusting pH, resulting in 102.3 g/L 5‑hydroxyvaleric acid and 48.8 g/L 6-hydroxycaproic acid instead of diacids. Combining pH regulation and cell-recycling technology in sealed-oxygen supply bioreactor, we prepared 271.4 g 5‑hydroxyvaleric acid and 129.4 g 6-hydroxycaproic acid in 6 rounds. Conclusions In this study, a green scheme of employing G. oxydans as biocatalyst for superior-quality hydroxyl acids (C2–C6) production is raised up. The proposed strategy commendably demonstrated a novel technology with simple pH regulation for high-value production of hydroxyl acids via green bioprocess developments. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-022-02171-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Hua
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - ChenHui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Han
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
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He Y, Xie Z, Zhang H, Liebl W, Toyama H, Chen F. Oxidative Fermentation of Acetic Acid Bacteria and Its Products. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:879246. [PMID: 35685922 PMCID: PMC9171043 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.879246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are a group of Gram-negative, strictly aerobic bacteria, including 19 reported genera until 2021, which are widely found on the surface of flowers and fruits, or in traditionally fermented products. Many AAB strains have the great abilities to incompletely oxidize a large variety of carbohydrates, alcohols and related compounds to the corresponding products mainly including acetic acid, gluconic acid, gulonic acid, galactonic acid, sorbose, dihydroxyacetone and miglitol via the membrane-binding dehydrogenases, which is termed as AAB oxidative fermentation (AOF). Up to now, at least 86 AOF products have been reported in the literatures, but no any monograph or review of them has been published. In this review, at first, we briefly introduce the classification progress of AAB due to the rapid changes of AAB classification in recent years, then systematically describe the enzymes involved in AOF and classify the AOF products. Finally, we summarize the application of molecular biology technologies in AOF researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating He
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xie
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wolfgang Liebl
- Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Hirohide Toyama
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Fusheng Chen
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fusheng Chen
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Hua X, Liu X, Han J, Xu Y. Reinforcing sorbitol bio-oxidative conversion with Gluconobacter oxydans whole-cell catalysis by acetate-assistance. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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da Silva Vale A, de Melo Pereira GV, de Carvalho Neto DP, Sorto RD, Goés-Neto A, Kato R, Soccol CR. Facility-specific 'house' microbiome ensures the maintenance of functional microbial communities into coffee beans fermentation: implications for source tracking. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 13:470-481. [PMID: 33399261 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed at studying the unconfirmed hypothesis predicting the existence of a connection between coffee farm microbiome and the resulting spontaneous fermentation process. Using Illumina-based amplicon sequencing, 360 prokaryotes and 397 eukaryotes were identified from coffee fruits and leaves, over-ripe fruits, water used for coffee de-pulping, depulped coffee beans, soil, and temporal fermentation samples at an experimental farm in Honduras. Coffee fruits and leaves were mainly associated with high incidence of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Colletotrichum, and Cladosporium. The proportion of Enterobacteriaceae was increased when leaves and fruits were collected on the ground compared to those from the coffee tree. Coffee farm soil showed the richest microbial diversity with marked presence of Bacillus. Following the fermentation process, microorganisms present in depulped coffee beans (Leuconostoc, Gluconobater, Pichia, Hanseniaspora, and Candida) represented more than 90% of the total microbial community, which produced lactic acid, ethanol, and several volatile compounds. The community ecology connections described in this study showed that coffee fruit provides beneficial microorganisms for the fermentation process. Enterobacteria, Colletotrichum, and other microbial groups present in leaves, fruit surface, over-ripe fruits, and soil may transfer unwanted aromas to coffee beans, so they should be avoided from having access to the fermentation tank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander da Silva Vale
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
| | | | - Dão Pedro de Carvalho Neto
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
| | | | - Aristóteles Goés-Neto
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Kato
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
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Kinetic Modeling of Dihydroxyacetone Production from Glycerol by Gluconobacter oxydans ATCC 621 Resting Cells: Effect of Fluid Dynamics Conditions. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroxyacetone production from glycerol has been studied. Cultures of Gluconobacter oxydans ATCC 621, a promising microorganism that is able to convert glycerol into dihydroxyacetone, has been employed. In this work, the influence of oxygen transport rate and the fluid dynamic conditions have been studied working with resting cells cultures. Several experiments were carried out at two different scales: 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks and a 2 L stirred tank bioreactor, varying the agitation speed. Product and substrate concentration were determined employing high-performance liquid chromatography. Additionally, oxygen concentration was measured in the runs carried out in stirred tank reactors. Taking into account the results obtained in these experiments, three different behaviors were observed, depending on the mass transfer and chemical reactions rates. For experiments with low stirring speed (below 200 rpm for shake flasks and 300 rpm for reactors), the oxygen transport rate is the controlling step, while at high stirring speed (over 300 rpm in shake flasks and 560 rpm in the bioreactor), the chemical reaction is controlling the overall process rate. In some runs conducted at medium agitation, a mix control was found. All the kinetic models were able to reproduce experimental data and fulfill thermodynamic and statistical criteria, highlighting the importance of the mass transfer rate upon this system.
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Ke X, Pan-Hong Y, Hu ZC, Chen L, Sun XQ, Zheng YG. Synergistic improvement of PQQ-dependent D-sorbitol dehydrogenase activity from Gluconobacter oxydans for the biosynthesis of miglitol precursor 6-(N-hydroxyethyl)-amino-6-deoxy-α-L-sorbofuranose. J Biotechnol 2019; 300:55-62. [PMID: 31100333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
6-(N-hydroxyethyl) amino-6-deoxy-l-sorbofuranose (6NSL) is the direct precursor of miglitol for diabetes therapy. The regio- and stereo-selective dehydrogenation offered by the membrane-bound d-sorbitol dehydrogenase (mSLDH) from Gluconobacter oxydans provides an elegant enzymatic method for 6NSL production. In this study, two subunits sldA and sldB of mSLDH were introduced into G. oxydans ZJB-605, and the specific enzyme activity of mSLDH towards NHEG was enhanced by 2.15-fold. However, the endogenous PQQ level was dramatically reduced in the recombinant strain and became a bottleneck to support the holo-enzyme activity. A combined supplementation of four amino acids (Glu, Ile, Ser, Arg) involved in biosynthesis of PQQ in conventional media effectively increased extracellular accumulation of PQQ by 1.49-fold, which further enhanced mSLDH activity by 1.33-fold. The synergic improvement of mSLDH activity provided in this study supports the superior high dehydrogenate activity towards substrate N-2-hydroxyethyl-glucamine, 184.28 g·L-1 of 6NSL was produced after a repeated bioconversion process catalyzed by the resting cells of G. oxydans/pBB-sldAB, all of which presenting a great potential of their industrial application in 6NSL biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Ke
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Yu Pan-Hong
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Zhong-Ce Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Liang Chen
- Zhejiang Medicine CO., LTD. Xinchang Pharmaceutical Factory, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312500, PR China
| | - Xin-Qiang Sun
- Zhejiang Medicine CO., LTD. Xinchang Pharmaceutical Factory, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312500, PR China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China.
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Bioprocess Intensification Using Flow Reactors: Stereoselective Oxidation of Achiral 1,3-diols with Immobilized Acetobacter Aceti. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9030208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantiomerically enriched 2-hydroxymethylalkanoic acids were prepared by oxidative desymmetrisation of achiral 1,3-diols using immobilized cells of Acetobacter aceti in water at 28 °C. The biotransformations were first performed in batch mode with cells immobilized in dry alginate, furnishing the desired products with high molar conversion and reaction times ranging from 2 to 6 h. The biocatalytic process was intensified using a multiphasic flow reactor, where a segmented gas–liquid flow regime was applied for achieving an efficient O2-liquid transfer; the continuous flow systems allowed for high yields and high biocatalyst productivity.
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Yan J, Xu J, Cao M, Li Z, Xu C, Wang X, Yang C, Xu P, Gao C, Ma C. Engineering of glycerol utilization in Gluconobacter oxydans 621H for biocatalyst preparation in a low-cost way. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:158. [PMID: 30296949 PMCID: PMC6174558 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-1001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whole cells of Gluconobacter oxydans are widely used in various biocatalytic processes. Sorbitol at high concentrations is commonly used in complex media to prepare biocatalysts. Exploiting an alternative process for preparation of biocatalysts with low cost substrates is of importance for industrial applications. Results G. oxydans 621H was confirmed to have the ability to grow in mineral salts medium with glycerol, an inevitable waste generated from industry of biofuels, as the sole carbon source. Based on the glycerol utilization mechanism elucidated in this study, the major polyol dehydrogenase (GOX0854) and the membrane-bound alcohol dehydrogenase (GOX1068) can competitively utilize glycerol but play no obvious roles in the biocatalyst preparation. Thus, the genes related to these two enzymes were deleted. Whole cells of G. oxydans ∆GOX1068∆GOX0854 can be prepared from glycerol with a 2.4-fold higher biomass yield than that of G. oxydans 621H. Using whole cells of G. oxydans ∆GOX1068∆GOX0854 as the biocatalyst, 61.6 g L−1 xylonate was produced from 58.4 g L−1 xylose at a yield of 1.05 g g−1. Conclusion This process is an example of efficient preparation of whole cells of G. oxydans with reduced cost. Besides xylonate production from xylose, other biocatalytic processes might also be developed using whole cells of metabolic engineered G. oxydans prepared from glycerol. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-1001-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.,Dong Ying Oceanic and Fishery Bureau, 206 Yellow River Road, Dongying, 257091, People's Republic of China
| | - Menghao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengpeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology & Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
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Biosynthesis of miglitol intermediate 6-( N-hydroxyethyl)-amino-6-deoxy-α-l-sorbofuranose by an improved d-sorbitol dehydrogenase from Gluconobacter oxydans. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:231. [PMID: 29719773 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptable exploitation of the catalytic potential of membrane-bound d-sorbitol dehydrogenase (mSLDH) from Gluconobacter oxydans is desperately needed in the industrial-scale production of miglitol. In the present study, a carbonyl group-dependent colorimetric quantification method was developed for the assay of miglitol key intermediate 6-(N-hydroxyethyl)-amino-6-deoxy-α-l-sorbofuranose (6NSL), and a high-throughput screening process of positive mutants was processed. Combined with several rounds of ultraviolet irradiation mutagenesis and screening procedure, a positive mutant strain G. oxydans ZJB16009 was obtained with significant increase in mSLDH catalytic activity by 1.5-fold, which exhibited an extremely accelerated uptake rate of d-sorbitol, and the fermentation time was significantly shortened from 22 to 11 h. In a 5-L biotransformation system, 60 g/L substrate N-2-hydroxyethyl glucamine (NHEG) was catalyzed by the resting cells of the mutant strain within 36 h and accumulated 53.6 g/L 6NSL, showing a 33.6% increase in the product yield. Therefore, it was indicated that the established high-throughput screening method could provide a highly efficient platform for the breading of G. oxydans strain for the industrial biosynthesis of miglitol intermediate 6NSL.
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van der Klis F, van Haveren J, van Es DS, Bitter JH. Synthesis of Furandicarboxylic Acid Esters From Nonfood Feedstocks Without Concomitant Levulinic Acid Formation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:1460-1468. [PMID: 28124823 PMCID: PMC5413837 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a versatile intermediate in biomass conversion pathways. However, the notoriously unstable nature of HMF imposes challenges to design selective routes to chemicals such as furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA). Here, a new strategy for obtaining furans is presented, bypassing the formation of the unstable HMF. Instead of starting with glucose/fructose and thus forming HMF as an intermediate, the new route starts from uronic acids, which are abundantly present in many agro residues such as sugar beet pulp, potato pulp, and citrus peels. Conversion of uronic acids, via ketoaldonic acids, to the intermediate formylfuroic acid (FFA) esters, and subsequently to FDCA esters, proceeds without formation of levulinic acid or insoluble humins. This new route provides an attractive strategy to valorize agricultural waste streams and a route to furanic building blocks without the co-production of levulinic acid or humins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frits van der Klis
- Wageningen University Biobased Chemistry and TechnologyBornse Weilanden 96708WGWageningenThe Netherlands
- Wageningen Food & Biobased ResearchBornse Weilanden 96708WGWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Haveren
- Wageningen Food & Biobased ResearchBornse Weilanden 96708WGWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Daan S. van Es
- Wageningen Food & Biobased ResearchBornse Weilanden 96708WGWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Johannes H. Bitter
- Wageningen University Biobased Chemistry and TechnologyBornse Weilanden 96708WGWageningenThe Netherlands
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Gu L, Zhang HZ, Jiang WH, Hou GF, Yu YH, Ma DS. A pair of novel Zn(ii) enantiomeric coordination polymers based on a chiral multicarboxylate ligand: synthesis, crystal structures and molecular recognition properties. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08433a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A pair of Zn(ii) enantiomeric coordination polymers, 1-R and 1-S, were synthesized via solvothermal reactions, exhibiting luminescence recognizing properties toward nitro aromatic compounds and ferric cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- PR China
| | - Han-Zhong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- PR China
| | - Wen-Hong Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- PR China
| | - Guang-Feng Hou
- Agricultural College
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- PR China
| | - Ying-Hui Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- PR China
| | - Dong-Sheng Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- PR China
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16
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Saichana N, Matsushita K, Adachi O, Frébort I, Frebortova J. Acetic acid bacteria: A group of bacteria with versatile biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1260-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Chen R, Liu X, Wang J, Lin J, Wei D. Cloning, expression, and characterization of an anti-Prelog stereospecific carbonyl reductase from Gluconobacter oxydans DSM2343. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 70:18-27. [PMID: 25659628 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A new anti-Prelog stereospecific carbonyl reductase (GoKR) from Gluconobacter oxydans DSM2343 was cloned and identified in Escherichia coli. This GoKR formed a homo-tetramer with a subunit size of approximately 27.0kDa. GoKR exhibited full activity with NADPH but not with NADH as a cofactor. The optimal pH and temperature were 9.0 and 30°C, respectively. GoKR reduced various ketones, including aliphatic and aromatic ketones, α- and β-keto esters. Aromatic ketones were reduced to (R)-enantiomers, whereas keto esters were reduced to (S)-hydroxy esters with different enantioselectivities. The data indicate that GoKR does not obey Prelog's rule and exhibits anti-Prelog enantiopreference. Enzyme-substrate-cofactor docking analysis showed that hydride transfer occurred at the si faces of carbonyl group for ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE), which was then selectively reduced to the chiral (S)-alcohol. Excellent enantioselectivities were obtained for reducing COBE and ethyl 2-oxo-4-phenylbutyrate into the corresponding (S)-type products. These products are important for synthesizing HMG-CoA reductase (statins) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Center for Biomedicine and Health, Division of Basical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiale Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jinping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Dongzhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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18
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Chen R, Liu X, Lin J, Wei D. A genomic search approach to identify carbonyl reductases in Gluconobacter oxydans for enantioselective reduction of ketones. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:1350-6. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.925775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The versatile carbonyl reductases from Gluconobacter oxydans in the enantioselective reduction of ketones to the corresponding alcohols were exploited by genome search approach. All purified enzymes showed activities toward the tested ketoesters with different activities. In the reduction of 4-phenyl-2-butanone with in situ NAD(P)H regeneration system, (S)-alcohol was obtained with an e.e. of up to 100% catalyzed by Gox0644. Under the same experimental condition, all enzymes catalyzed ethyl 4-chloroacetoacetate to give chiral products with an excellent e.e. of up to 99%, except Gox0644. Gox2036 had a strict requirement for NADH as the cofactor and showed excellent enantiospecificity in the synthesis of ethyl (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate. For the reduction of ethyl 2-oxo-4-phenylbutyrate, excellent e.e. (>99%) and high conversion (93.1%) were obtained by Gox0525, whereas the other enzymes showed relatively lower e.e. and conversions. Among them, Gox2036 and Gox0525 showed potentials in the synthesis of chiral alcohols as useful biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedicine and Health, Division of Basical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongzhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Draft Genome Sequence of the Gluconobacter oxydans Strain DSM 2003, an Important Biocatalyst for Industrial Use. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2014; 2:2/2/e00417-14. [PMID: 24786959 PMCID: PMC4007994 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00417-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Gluconobacter oxydans strain DSM 2003 can efficiently produce some industrially important building blocks, such as (R)-lactic acid and (R)-2-hydroxybutyric acid. Here, we present a 2.94-Mb assembly of its genome sequence, which might provide further insights into the molecular mechanism of its biocatalysis in order to further improve its biotechnological applications.
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20
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Li DH, Lin JP, Wei DZ. Improving Gluconobacter oxydans performance in the in situ removal of the inhibitor for asymmetric resolution of racemic 1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 159:327-333. [PMID: 24658106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gluconobacter oxydans DSM2003 was used to catalyze the oxidation of racemic 1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol (PED) for the production of (S)-enantiomer. The oxidative product mandelic acid produced strong inhibition to this reaction and largely reduced the activity of biocatalyst, which was the key problem in the reaction. In order to overcome this bottleneck, an anion exchange resin was selected and introduced as adsorbent for the in situ removal of the inhibitor from the reaction system. This method increased the substrate concentration from 12 to 60 g/L and the yield of (S)-PED by approximately five times from 4.9 g/L, on the premise that the enantiomeric excess (ee) value of (S)-PED remained above 96% and the reaction time was no more than 20 h. Moreover, the final space-time yield was over 1.2g/L/h, which was higher than that reported from previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, NewWorld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jin-Ping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, NewWorld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, NewWorld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China.
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21
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Genome-scale reconstruction of a metabolic network for Gluconobacter oxydans 621H. Biosystems 2014; 117:10-4. [PMID: 24418346 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gluconobacter oxydans is a Gram-negative bacterium with a number of biotechnological applications. Although the genome of G. oxydans has been reported in 2005, the systematical cellular metabolism in this high-value bacterium, however, remains unclear. In this study, a genome-scale metabolic network of G. oxydans 621H, iXW433, was reconstructed and validated on the basis of the known genome annotations and biochemical information. This reconstructed model included 433 genes, 859 reactions, and 985 metabolites. To test the capability of the model, gene and reaction essentiality analysis, flux variability analysis, and robustness analysis simulations were performed. The metabolic states predicted by the model were highly consistent with the experimental data of G. oxydans. According to the result, 92 genes and 137 reactions were identified to be essential, 194 reactions were found to be variable by flux variability analysis, and 2 possible genetically modified targets were determined. The model would be valuable for further research on G. oxydans and thereby expanding its application.
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22
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Wang X, Lv M, Zhang L, Li K, Gao C, Ma C, Xu P. Efficient bioconversion of 2,3-butanediol into acetoin using Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2003. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2013; 6:155. [PMID: 24176113 PMCID: PMC4177140 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 2,3-Butanediol is a platform and fuel biochemical that can be efficiently produced from biomass. However, a value-added process for this chemical has not yet been developed. To expand the utilization of 2,3-butanediol produced from biomass, an improved derivative process of 2,3-butanediol is desirable. RESULTS In this study, a Gluconobacter oxydans strain DSM 2003 was found to have the ability to transform 2,3-butanediol into acetoin, a high value feedstock that can be widely used in dairy and cosmetic products, and chemical synthesis. All three stereoisomers, meso-2,3-butanediol, (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol, and (2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol, could be transformed into acetoin by the strain. After optimization of the bioconversion conditions, the optimum growth temperature for acetoin production by strain DSM 2003 was found to be 30°C and the medium pH was 6.0. With an initial 2,3-butanediol concentration of 40 g/L, acetoin at a high concentration of 89.2 g/L was obtained from 2,3-butanediol by fed-batch bioconversion with a high productivity (1.24 g/L · h) and high yield (0.912 mol/mol). CONCLUSIONS G. oxydans DSM 2003 is the first strain that can be used in the direct production of acetoin from 2,3-butanediol. The product concentration and yield of the novel process are both new records for acetoin production. The results demonstrate that the method developed in this study could provide a promising process for efficient acetoin production and industrially produced 2,3-butanediol utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
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He YC, Ma CL, Zhang X, Li L, Xu JH, Wu MX. Highly enantioselective oxidation of racemic phenyl-1,2-ethanediol to optically pure (R)-(-)-mandelic acid by a newly isolated Brevibacterium lutescens CCZU12-1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:7185-94. [PMID: 23760530 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4989-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective oxidation of racemic phenyl-1,2-ethanediol into (R)-(-)-mandelic acid by a newly isolated Brevibacterium lutescens CCZU12-1 was demonstrated. It was found that optically active (R)-(-)-mandelic acid (e.e.p > 99.9 %) is produced leaving the other enantiomer (S)-(+)-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol intact. Using fed-batch method, a total of 172.9 mM (R)-(-)-mandelic acid accumulated in the reaction mixture after the seventh feed. Moreover, oxidation of phenyl-1,2-ethanediol using calcium alginate-entrapped resting cells was carried out in the aqueous system, and efficient biocatalyst recycling was achieved as a result of cell immobilization in calcium alginate, with a product-to-biocatalyst ratio of 27.94 g (R)-(-)-mandelic acid g⁻¹ dry cell weight cell after 16 cycles of repeated use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cai He
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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Gao C, Zhang W, Huang Y, Ma C, Xu P. Efficient conversion of 1,2-butanediol to (R)-2-hydroxybutyric acid using whole cells of Gluconobacter oxydans. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 115:75-78. [PMID: 22126977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
(R)-2-Hydroxybutyric acid ((R)-2-HBA) is an important building block for azinothricin family of antitumour antibiotics and biodegradable poly(2-hydroxybutyric acid). However, optically active (R)-2-HBA could not be produced through microbial fermentation or chemical synthesis. Several biocatalytic methods have been reported for the production of (R)-2-HBA. Those processes used expensive and scarce substrates and would not be suitable for practical application. In this work, Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2003 was confirmed to have the ability to produce (R)-2-HBA from 1,2-butanediol, a non-toxic and inexpensive compound that had a great potential for biotechnological processes. Under the optimal conditions, the biocatalytic process produced (R)-2-HBA at a high concentration (18.5 g l(-1)) and a high enantiomeric excess (99.7%). The biocatalysis process introduced in this study may provide a technically and economically interesting route for production of (R)-2-HBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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Hu ZC, Liu ZQ, Xu JM, Zheng YG, Shen YC. IMPROVEMENT OF 1,3-DIHYDROXYACETONE PRODUCTION FROMGluconobacter oxydansBY ION BEAM IMPLANTATION. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 42:15-28. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2011.563400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Hu ZC, Zheng YG. Enhancement of 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone Production by a UV-induced Mutant of Gluconobacter oxydans with DO Control Strategy. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 165:1152-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9332-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Tkac J, Svitel J, Vostiar I, Navratil M, Gemeiner P. Membrane-bound dehydrogenases from Gluconobacter sp.: Interfacial electrochemistry and direct bioelectrocatalysis. Bioelectrochemistry 2009; 76:53-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Membrane-bound pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent dehydrogenase in Gluconobacter oxydans M5, responsible for production of 6-(2-hydroxyethyl) amino-6-deoxy-L-sorbose. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 74:5250-3. [PMID: 18502922 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00272-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A membrane-bound protein purified from Gluconobacter oxydans M5 was confirmed to be a pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent D-sorbitol dehydrogenase. Gene disruption and complementation experiments demonstrated that this enzyme is responsible for the oxidation of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl) amino-1-deoxy-D-sorbitol (1NSL) to 6-(2-hydroxyethyl) amino-6-deoxy-L-sorbose (6NSE), which is the precursor of an antidiabetic drug, miglitol.
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29
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Gätgens C, Degner U, Bringer-Meyer S, Herrmann U. Biotransformation of glycerol to dihydroxyacetone by recombinant Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2343. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 76:553-9. [PMID: 17497148 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 04/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The genus Gluconobacter is well known for its rapid and incomplete oxidation of a wide range of substrates. Therefore, Gluconobacter oxydans especially is used for several biotechnological applications, e.g., the efficient oxidation of glycerol to dihydroxyacetone (DHA). For this reaction, G. oxydans is equipped with a membrane-bound glycerol dehydrogenase that is also described to oxidize sorbitol, gluconate, and arabitol. Here, we demonstrated the impact of sldAB overexpression on glycerol oxidation: Beside a beneficial effect on the transcript level of the sldB gene, the growth on glycerol as a carbon source was significantly improved in the overexpression strains (OD 2.8 to 2.9) compared to the control strains (OD 2.8 to 2.9). Furthermore, the DHA formation rate, as well as the final DHA concentration, was affected so that up to 350 mM of DHA was accumulated by the overexpression strains when 550 mM glycerol was supplied (control strain: 200 to 280 mM DHA). Finally, we investigated the effect on sldAB overexpression on the G. oxydans transcriptome and identified two genes involved in glycerol metabolism, as well as a regulator of the LysR family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Gätgens
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Biotechnologie 1, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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VanLare IJ, Claus GW. Purification and properties of NAD(P)-independent polyol dehydrogenase complex from the plasma membrane ofGluconobacter oxydans. Can J Microbiol 2007; 53:504-8. [PMID: 17612605 DOI: 10.1139/w07-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gluconobacter oxydans rapidly oxidizes many different polyhydroxy alcohols (polyols). Polyol oxidations are catalyzed by constitutively synthesized membrane-bound dehydrogenases directly linked to the electron transport chain. A polyol-oxidizing enzyme was isolated from the membranes of G. oxydans and tested for its ability to oxidize various substrates. The enzyme was composed of three subunits: a 67 kDa catalytic unit, a 46 kDa c-type cytochrome, and a 15 kDa subunit. The enzyme oxidized compounds containing three or more hydroxyl groups but did not oxidize mono-, di-, or cyclic alcohols; aldehydes; carboxylic acids; or mono- or di-saccharides. Therefore, we propose this enzyme be considered a polyol dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J VanLare
- Biology Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 20460, USA.
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Svitel J, Tkác J, Vostiar I, Navrátil M, Stefuca V, Bucko M, Gemeiner P. Gluconobacter in biosensors: applications of whole cells and enzymes isolated from gluconobacter and acetobacter to biosensor construction. Biotechnol Lett 2006; 28:2003-10. [PMID: 17072528 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-006-9195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Revised: 08/14/2006] [Accepted: 08/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the genus Acetobacter and Gluconobacter, and enzymes isolated from them, have been extensively used for biosensor construction in the last decade. Bacteria used as a biocatalyst are easy to prepare and use in amperometric biosensors. They contain multiple enzyme activities otherwise not available commercially. The range of compounds analyzable by Gluconobacter biosensors includes: mono- and poly-alcohols, multiple aldoses and ketoses, several disaccharides, triacylglycerols, and complex parameters like utilizable saccharides or biological O2 demand. Here, the recent trends in Gluconobacter biosensors and current practical applications are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Svitel
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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