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Molino JVD, Carpine R, Gademann K, Mayfield S, Sieber S. Development of a cell surface display system in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Dong H, Zhang W, Zhou S, Huang J, Wang P. Engineering bioscaffolds for enzyme assembly. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107721. [PMID: 33631185 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
With the demand for green, safe, and continuous biocatalysis, bioscaffolds, compared with synthetic scaffolds, have become a desirable candidate for constructing enzyme assemblages because of their biocompatibility and regenerability. Biocompatibility makes bioscaffolds more suitable for safe and green production, especially in food processing, production of bioactive agents, and diagnosis. The regenerability can enable the engineered biocatalysts regenerate through simple self-proliferation without complex re-modification, which is attractive for continuous biocatalytic processes. In view of the unique biocompatibility and regenerability of bioscaffolds, they can be classified into non-living (polysaccharide, nucleic acid, and protein) and living (virus, bacteria, fungi, spore, and biofilm) bioscaffolds, which can fully satisfy these two unique properties, respectively. Enzymes assembled onto non-living bioscaffolds are based on single or complex components, while enzymes assembled onto living bioscaffolds are based on living bodies. In terms of their unique biocompatibility and regenerability, this review mainly covers the current advances in the research and application of non-living and living bioscaffolds with focus on engineering strategies for enzyme assembly. Finally, the future development of bioscaffolds for enzyme assembly is also discussed. Hopefully, this review will attract the interest of researchers in various fields and empower the development of biocatalysis, biomedicine, environmental remediation, therapy, and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shengmin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiaofang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.
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Zhou G, Peng C, Liu X, Chang F, Xiao Y, Liu J, Fang Z. Identification and Immobilization of an Invertase With High Specific Activity and Sucrose Tolerance Ability of Gongronella sp. w5 for High Fructose Syrup Preparation. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:633. [PMID: 32328053 PMCID: PMC7160231 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Invertases catalyze the hydrolysis of sucrose into fructose and glucose and can be employed as an alternative in producing high fructose syrup. In this study, we reported the heterologous expression of an invertase gene (GspInv) of Gongronella sp. w5 in Komagataella pastoris. GspInv activity reached 147.6 ± 0.4 U/mL after 5 days of methanol induction. GspInv is invertase with a high specific activity of 2,776.1 ± 124.2 U/mg toward sucrose. GspInv showed high tolerance to sucrose (IC 5 0 = 1.2 M), glucose (IC 5 0 > 2 M), fructose (IC 5 0 = 1.5 M), and a variety of metal ions that make it an ideal candidate for high fructose syrup production. A carbohydrate-binding module was sequence-optimized and fused to the N-terminus of GspInv. The fusion protein had the highest immobilization efficiency at room temperature within 1 h adsorption, with 1 g of cellulose absorption up to 8,000 U protein. The cellulose-immobilized fusion protein retained the unique properties of GspInv. When applied in high fructose syrup preparation by using 1 M sucrose as the substrate, the sucrose conversion efficiency of the fused protein remained at approximately 95% after 50 h of continuous hydrolysis on a packed bed reactor. The fused protein can also hydrolyze completely the sucrose in sugarcane molasses. Our results suggest that GspInv is an unusual invertase and a promising candidate for high fructose syrup preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Can Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaosa Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
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Ellis GA, Klein WP, Lasarte-Aragonés G, Thakur M, Walper SA, Medintz IL. Artificial Multienzyme Scaffolds: Pursuing in Vitro Substrate Channeling with an Overview of Current Progress. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A. Ellis
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - William P. Klein
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 20001, United States
| | - Guillermo Lasarte-Aragonés
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Meghna Thakur
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Scott A. Walper
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Igor L. Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
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Cell surface display of proteins on filamentous fungi. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6949-6972. [PMID: 31359105 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein display approaches have been useful to endow the cell surface of yeasts with new catalytic activities so that they can act as enhanced whole-cell biocatalysts. Despite their biotechnological potential, protein display technologies remain poorly developed for filamentous fungi. The lignocellulolytic character of some of them coupled to the cell surface biosynthesis of valuable molecules by a single or a cascade of several displayed enzymes is an appealing prospect. Cell surface protein display consists in the co-translational fusion of a functional protein (passenger) to an anchor one, usually a cell-wall-resident protein. The abundance, spacing, and local environment of the displayed enzymes-determined by the relationship of the anchor protein with the structure and dynamics of the engineered cell wall-are factors that influence the performance of display-based biocatalysts. The development of protein display strategies in filamentous fungi could be based on the field advances in yeasts; however, the unique composition, structure, and biology of filamentous fungi cell walls require the customization of the approach to those microorganisms. In this prospective review, the cellular bases, the design principles, and the available tools to foster the development of cell surface protein display technologies in filamentous fungi are discussed.
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Nguyen HM, Pham ML, Stelzer EM, Plattner E, Grabherr R, Mathiesen G, Peterbauer CK, Haltrich D, Nguyen TH. Constitutive expression and cell-surface display of a bacterial β-mannanase in Lactobacillus plantarum. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:76. [PMID: 31023309 PMCID: PMC6482533 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are important microorganisms in the food and beverage industry. Due to their food-grade status and probiotic characteristics, several LAB are considered as safe and effective cell-factories for food-application purposes. In this present study, we aimed at constitutive expression of a mannanase from Bacillus licheniformis DSM13, which was subsequently displayed on the cell surface of Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1, for use as whole-cell biocatalyst in oligosaccharide production. RESULTS Two strong constitutive promoters, Pgm and SlpA, from L. acidophilus NCFM and L. acidophilus ATCC4356, respectively, were used to replace the inducible promoter in the lactobacillal pSIP expression system for the construction of constitutive pSIP vectors. The mannanase-encoding gene (manB) was fused to the N-terminal lipoprotein anchor (Lp_1261) from L. plantarum and the resulting fusion protein was cloned into constitutive pSIP vectors and expressed in L. plantarum WCFS1. The localization of the protein on the bacterial cell surface was confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. The mannanase activity and the reusability of the constructed L. plantarum displaying cells were evaluated. The highest mannanase activities on the surface of L. plantarum cells obtained under the control of the Pgm and SlpA promoters were 1200 and 3500 U/g dry cell weight, respectively, which were 2.6- and 7.8-fold higher compared to the activity obtained from inducible pSIP anchoring vectors. Surface-displayed mannanase was shown to be able to degrade galactomannan into manno-oligosaccharides (MOS). CONCLUSION This work demonstrated successful displaying of ManB on the cell surface of L. plantarum WCFS1 using constitutive promoter-based anchoring vectors for use in the production of manno-oligosaccharides, which are potentially prebiotic compounds with health-promoting effects. Our approach, where the enzyme of interest is displayed on the cell surface of a food-grade organism with the use of strong constitutive promoters, which continuously drive synthesis of the recombinant protein without the need to add an inducer or change the growth conditions of the host strain, should result in the availability of safe, stable food-grade biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang-Minh Nguyen
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Danang-University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Mai-Lan Pham
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elena Maria Stelzer
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Esther Plattner
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reingard Grabherr
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Geir Mathiesen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), N-1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Clemens K Peterbauer
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Haltrich
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thu-Ha Nguyen
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
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Engineering E. coli cell surface in order to develop a one-step purification method for recombinant proteins. AMB Express 2018; 8:107. [PMID: 29961206 PMCID: PMC6026487 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sortases are enzymes mostly found in Gram-positive bacteria which cleave proteins site-specifically. This feature makes them a promising tool in molecular biology and biotechnology. In this study, using bacterial surface display of recombinant proteins and ability of sortase A in site-specifically cleavage of the amino acid sequences, a novel method for one-step purification of recombinant proteins was developed. Using computational program tools, a chimeric protein containing a metallothionein (mt) and chitin binding domain (ChBD) was attached to the C-terminal domain of the truncated outer membrane protein A (Lpp'-ompA) using sortase recognition site (amino acid residues: LPQTG) as a separator. The structure of the chimeric protein was simulated using molecular dynamics to determine if the LPQTG motif is accessible to the sortase active site. The designed chimeric protein was expressed and purified. The purified chimeric protein was also displayed on the surface of E. coli cells. Both purified chimeric protein and the E. coli cells displaying Lpp'-ompA-mt-ChBD carrier protein were then treated with sortase to evaluate the efficiency of sortase-mediated cleavage of purified chimeric protein as well as surface displayed-chimeric protein. It is shown that mt-ChBD protein was successfully cleaved and dissociated from Lpp'-ompA carrier and released into the medium after treatment with sortase in both recombinant protein and surface displayed-chimeric protein. The experimental results confirmed the molecular dynamics analysis results. The presented method could be regarded as a novel strategy for one step expression and purification of recombinant proteins.
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Hasunuma T, Kondo A. Production of Fuels and Chemicals from Biomass by Integrated Bioprocesses. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527807833.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Kobe University; Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation; 1-1 Rokkodai Nada Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- RIKEN; Biomass Engineering Program; 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi Yokohama 230-0045 Japan
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Nguyen HM, Mathiesen G, Stelzer EM, Pham ML, Kuczkowska K, Mackenzie A, Agger JW, Eijsink VGH, Yamabhai M, Peterbauer CK, Haltrich D, Nguyen TH. Display of a β-mannanase and a chitosanase on the cell surface of Lactobacillus plantarum towards the development of whole-cell biocatalysts. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:169. [PMID: 27716231 PMCID: PMC5050953 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0570-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactobacillus plantarum is considered as a potential cell factory because of its GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status and long history of use in food applications. Its possible applications include in situ delivery of proteins to a host, based on its ability to persist at mucosal surfaces of the human intestine, and the production of food-related enzymes. By displaying different enzymes on the surface of L. plantarum cells these could be used as whole-cell biocatalysts for the production of oligosaccharides. In this present study, we aimed to express and display a mannanase and a chitosanase on the cell surface of L. plantarum. RESULTS ManB, a mannanase from Bacillus licheniformis DSM13, and CsnA, a chitosanase from Bacillus subtilis ATCC 23857 were fused to different anchoring motifs of L. plantarum for covalent attachment to the cell surface, either via an N-terminal lipoprotein anchor (Lp_1261) or a C-terminal cell wall anchor (Lp_2578), and the resulting fusion proteins were expressed in L. plantarum WCFS1. The localization of the recombinant proteins on the bacterial cell surface was confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. The highest mannanase and chitosanase activities obtained for displaying L. plantarum cells were 890 U and 1360 U g dry cell weight, respectively. In reactions with chitosan and galactomannans, L. plantarum CsnA- and ManB-displaying cells produced chito- and manno-oligosaccharides, respectively, as analyzed by high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) and mass spectrometry (MS). Surface-displayed ManB is able to break down galactomannan (LBG) into smaller manno-oligosaccharides, which can support growth of L. plantarum. CONCLUSION This study shows that mannanolytic and chitinolytic enzymes can be anchored to the cell surface of L. plantarum in active forms. L. plantarum chitosanase- and mannanase-displaying cells should be of interest for the production of potentially 'prebiotic' oligosaccharides. This approach, with the enzyme of interest being displayed on the cell surface of a food-grade organism, may also be applied in production processes relevant for food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang-Minh Nguyen
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
- BioToP the International Doctoral Programme on Biomolecular Technology of Proteins, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biotechnology, DUT-Danang University of Technology, Nguyen Luong Bang, 54, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Geir Mathiesen
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Elena Maria Stelzer
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mai Lan Pham
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katarzyna Kuczkowska
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Alasdair Mackenzie
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Jane W. Agger
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Vincent G. H. Eijsink
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Montarop Yamabhai
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Clemens K. Peterbauer
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
- BioToP the International Doctoral Programme on Biomolecular Technology of Proteins, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Haltrich
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
- BioToP the International Doctoral Programme on Biomolecular Technology of Proteins, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thu-Ha Nguyen
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Cell surface display of proteins/peptides has been established based on mechanisms of localizing proteins to the cell surface. In contrast to conventional intracellular and extracellular (secretion) expression systems, this method, generally called an arming technology, is particularly effective when using yeasts as a host, because the control of protein folding that is often required for the preparation of proteins can be natural. This technology can be employed for basic and applied research purposes. In this review, I describe various strategies for the construction of engineered yeasts and provide an outline of the diverse applications of this technology to industrial processes such as the production of biofuels and chemicals, as well as bioremediation and health-related processes. Furthermore, this technology is suitable for novel protein engineering and directed evolution through high-throughput screening, because proteins/peptides displayed on the cell surface can be directly analyzed using intact cells without concentration and purification. Functional proteins/peptides with improved or novel functions can be created using this beneficial, powerful, and promising technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuyoshi Ueda
- a Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Japan
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Liu P, Stajich JE. Characterization of the Carbohydrate Binding Module 18 gene family in the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Fungal Genet Biol 2015; 77:31-9. [PMID: 25819009 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is the causative agent of chytridiomycosis responsible for worldwide decline in amphibian populations. Previous analysis of the Bd genome revealed a unique expansion of the carbohydrate-binding module family 18 (CBM18) predicted to be a sub-class of chitin recognition domains. CBM expansions have been linked to the evolution of pathogenicity in a variety of fungal species by protecting the fungus from the host. Based on phylogenetic analysis and presence of additional protein domains, the gene family can be classified into 3 classes: Tyrosinase-, Deacetylase-, and Lectin-like. Examination of the mRNA expression levels from sporangia and zoospores of nine of the cbm18 genes found that the Lectin-like genes had the highest expression while the Tyrosinase-like genes showed little expression, especially in zoospores. Heterologous expression of GFP-tagged copies of four CBM18 genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrated that two copies containing secretion signal peptides are trafficked to the cell boundary. The Lectin-like genes cbm18-ll1 and cbm18-ll2 co-localized with the chitinous cell boundaries visualized by staining with calcofluor white. In vitro assays of the full length and single domain copies from CBM18-LL1 demonstrated chitin binding and no binding to cellulose or xylan. Expressed CBM18 domain proteins were demonstrated to protect the fungus, Trichoderma reeseii, in vitro against hydrolysis from exogenously added chitinase, likely by binding and limiting exposure of fungal chitin. These results demonstrate that cbm18 genes can play a role in fungal defense and expansion of their copy number may be an important pathogenicity factor of this emerging infectious disease of amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology and Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Jason E Stajich
- Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology and Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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Sun H, Wang T, Zhang J, Liu Q, Wang L, Chen P, Wang F, Li H, Xiao Y, Zhao X. Display of heterologous proteins on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae surface display system using a single constitutive expression vector. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 30:443-50. [PMID: 24851254 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we constructed a novel and simple yeast surface display system with a single expression vector. The newly established system uses a bidirectional expression vector carrying the AGA1 gene driven by the PGK1 promoter in one direction and the AGA2-expression cassette driven by the TEF1 promoter in the reverse direction, and uses the geneticin, a G418-resistant gene, as the selection marker for transformants. Because all the display elements are put into one expression vector, the new system is much simpler to use, and there is no need for any genetic modification of the host strains; therefore, the new system can be used in wild type as well as laboratory strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The display efficiency of heterologous proteins using the new system has been confirmed by displaying enhanced green fluorescent protein and Eimeria tenella (a chicken protozoan parasite) microneme protein2 (EtMic2) on several S. cerevisiae strains. We also tested the new system with an aga2 mutant strain of S. cerevisiae. The results indicate that the native expressed Aga2 protein has no effect on the display efficiency of heterologous proteins.
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14
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Duquesne S, Bozonnet S, Bordes F, Dumon C, Nicaud JM, Marty A. Construction of a highly active xylanase displaying oleaginous yeast: comparison of anchoring systems. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95128. [PMID: 24743311 PMCID: PMC3990623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Three Yarrowia lipolytica cell wall proteins (YlPir, YlCWP1 and YlCBM) were evaluated for their ability to display the xylanase TxXYN from Thermobacillus xylanilyticus on the cell surface of Y. lipolytica. The fusion proteins were produced in Y. lipolytica JMY1212, a strain engineered for mono-copy chromosomal insertion, and enabling accurate comparison of anchoring systems. The construction using YlPir enabled cell bound xylanase activity to be maximised (71.6 U/g). Although 48% of the activity was released in the supernatant, probably due to proteolysis at the fusion zone, this system is three times more efficient for the anchoring of TxXYN than the YlCWP1 system formerly developed for Y. lipolytica. As far as we know it represents the best displayed xylanase activity ever published. It could be an attractive alternative anchoring system to display enzymes in Y. lipolytica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Duquesne
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Sophie Bozonnet
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Bordes
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Dumon
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marc Nicaud
- INRA, UMR1319 Micalis, Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- AgroParisTech, UMR Micalis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Alain Marty
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP; LISBP, Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, Toulouse, France
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15
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Displaying Candida antarctica lipase B on the cell surface of Aspergillus niger as a potential food-grade whole-cell catalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 41:711-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aspergillus niger is a recognized workhorse used to produce food processing enzymes because of its extraordinarily high protein-producing capacity. We have developed a new cell surface display system de novo in A. niger using expression elements from generally recognized as safe certified microorganisms. Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB), a widely used hydrolase, was fused to an endogenous cell wall mannoprotein, CwpA, and functionally displayed on the cell surface. Localization of CALB was confirmed by enzymatic assay and immunofluorescence analysis using laser scanning confocal microscopy. After induction by maltose for 45 h, the hydrolytic activity and synthesis activity of A. niger mycelium-surface displayed CALB (AN-CALB) reached 400 and 240 U/g dry cell, respectively. AN-CALB was successfully used as a whole-cell catalyst for the enzymatic production of ethyl esters from a series of fatty acids of different chain lengths and ethanol. In a solvent-free system, AN-CALB showed great synthetic activity and afforded high substrate mole conversions, which amounted to 87 % for ethyl hexanoate after 2 h, 89 % for ethyl laurate after 2 h, and 84 % for ethyl stearate after 3 h. These results suggested that CwpA can act as an efficient anchoring motif for displaying enzyme on A. niger, and AN-CALB is a robust, green, and cost-effective alternative food-grade whole-cell catalyst to commercial lipase.
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16
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Kuroda K, Ueda M. Arming Technology in Yeast-Novel Strategy for Whole-cell Biocatalyst and Protein Engineering. Biomolecules 2013; 3:632-50. [PMID: 24970185 PMCID: PMC4030959 DOI: 10.3390/biom3030632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface display of proteins/peptides, in contrast to the conventional intracellular expression, has many attractive features. This arming technology is especially effective when yeasts are used as a host, because eukaryotic modifications that are often required for functional use can be added to the surface-displayed proteins/peptides. A part of various cell wall or plasma membrane proteins can be genetically fused to the proteins/peptides of interest to be displayed. This technology, leading to the generation of so-called "arming technology", can be employed for basic and applied research purposes. In this article, we describe various strategies for the construction of arming yeasts, and outline the diverse applications of this technology to industrial processes such as biofuel and chemical productions, pollutant removal, and health-related processes, including oral vaccines. In addition, arming technology is suitable for protein engineering and directed evolution through high-throughput screening that is made possible by the feature that proteins/peptides displayed on cell surface can be directly analyzed using intact cells without concentration and purification. Actually, novel proteins/peptides with improved or developed functions have been created, and development of diagnostic/therapeutic antibodies are likely to benefit from this powerful approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi Kuroda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyoshi Ueda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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17
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Shaw SL, Ehrhardt DW. Smaller, faster, brighter: advances in optical imaging of living plant cells. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 64:351-75. [PMID: 23506334 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The advent of fluorescent proteins and access to modern imaging technologies have dramatically accelerated the pace of discovery in plant cell biology. Remarkable new insights into such diverse areas as plant pathogenesis, cytoskeletal dynamics, sugar transport, cell wall synthesis, secretory control, and hormone signaling have come from careful examination of living cells using advanced optical probes. New technologies, both commercially available and on the horizon, promise a continued march toward more quantitative methods for imaging and for extending the optical exploration of biological structure and activity to molecular scales. In this review, we lay out fundamental issues in imaging plant specimens and look ahead to several technological innovations in molecular tools, instrumentation, imaging methods, and specimen handling that show promise for shaping the coming era of plant cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney L Shaw
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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