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Naringinase Biosynthesis by Aspergillus niger on an Optimized Medium Containing Red Grapefruit Albedo. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248763. [PMID: 36557896 PMCID: PMC9782092 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a method of naringinase biosynthesis by Aspergillus niger KMS on an optimized culture medium. The concentration of the six medium components in shake flasks was optimized by the Box and Wilson factor gradient method. Naringinase's substrate, naringin, powdered albedo, flavedo, and red grapefruit segment membranes were used to stimulate naringinase biosynthesis. Rhamnose was chosen as the carbon source, while the nitrogen source was yeast extract and sodium nitrate. Naringinase biosynthesis was most favorable in the culture medium with the following composition (g 100 mL): 3.332-NaNO3; 3.427-yeast extract; 0.184-KH2PO4; 0.855-red grapefruit albedo; 0.168-naringin; 2.789-rhamnose. The obtained Aspergillus niger KMS culture fluid was concentrated, thereby precipitating the protein. As a result, a naringinase preparation with high activity, equal to 816 µmol × min-1 × g-1, was obtained.
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de Oliveira F, Castellane TCL, de Melo MR, Buzato JB. Preparation of Aspergillus niger 426 naringinases for debittering citrus juice utilization of agro-industrial residues. Int Microbiol 2021; 25:123-131. [PMID: 34363150 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-021-00199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Naringin, considered as the main bitter component of grapefruit, requires the use of enzymes to reduce the level of this substance during juice processing. For this reason, it has been the focus of many studies. In this study, to increase the production of naringinase by Aspergillus niger cultivated in solid-state fermentation (SSF), a three-component simplex-centric mixing design along with a response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to generate statistical models and analyze the dataset. First, grapefruit peel, rice bran, and wheat bran were used for substrate selection for naringinase production and, finally, selected the best of the three inducers or their mixtures to remove the bitterness of grapefruit juice. Cultivation with 2.3 g of grapefruit peel, 2.5 g of rice bran, and 5.2 g of wheat bran and medium supplementation with a mixture of naringin, rutin, and hesperidin in the concentration of 2, 5, 4.5, and 3.0 g/L, respectively, resulted in a maximum activity of 28 U/mL. The results indicate that the sequencing procedure, which allowed the definition of an optimal mixture of components, is a new way for microorganisms to have a high naringinase yield, in particular by SSF, since our data showed a 96% increase in the production of naringinase. This dataset can help other researchers apply a mixing design to increase enzyme production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, 86051-980, Brazil.
| | - Tereza Cristina Luque Castellane
- Departamento de Tecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rod. Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane km 5, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.
| | - Marcelo Rodrigues de Melo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, 86051-980, Brazil
| | - João Batista Buzato
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, 86051-980, Brazil
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Xia XK, Zhang YE, Lei SJ, Hu B, Fu CX. Optimization of process parameters for naringinase production by Aspergillus tubingensis UA13 and pilot scale-up study. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:226-233. [PMID: 34033527 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1925914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To improve the naringinase production of Aspergillus tubingensis UA13, shorten the fermentation period, and verify its industrial application value, naringinase production conditions were optimized, and 5 L scale-up study in stirred tank bioreactor was carried out. Parameters, including carbon, nitrogen sources and inducer, optimal seed age, inoculum amount, temperature and pH, were adjusted and optimized in shaking flask. Keeping pH at the optimal value 6 in bioreactor, dissolved oxygen was monitored during the fermentation and the optimal stirring rate was investigated. In 5 L scale-up study, the highest naringinase activity was 72.62 U/mL, which was 1.75 times higher than that (41.52 U/mL) in shaking flask and the fermentation period was shortened by 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ke Xia
- College ofBiological and Pharmaceutical, China Three Gorges University, Yichang China
| | - Yuan-E Zhang
- College ofBiological and Pharmaceutical, China Three Gorges University, Yichang China
| | - Sheng-Jiao Lei
- College ofBiological and Pharmaceutical, China Three Gorges University, Yichang China
| | - Biao Hu
- College ofBiological and Pharmaceutical, China Three Gorges University, Yichang China
| | - Cai-Xia Fu
- Research and Development Center, Hubei Tulaohan Flavouring and Food Co., Ltd, Yichang, China
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Xia XK, Zhang YE, Lei SJ, Hu B, Fu CX. Identification and iterative combinatorial mutagenesis of a new naringinase-producing strain, Aspergillus tubingensis MN589840. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 72:141-148. [PMID: 32870525 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Naringinase was mainly obtained by microbial fermentation, and mutagenesis was a major way for obtaining excellent mutants. The aim of this study was to screen out a high naringinase yielding mutant to enhance the potential application value of its industrialization and compare the effects of different mutagenic methods on the enzyme activity of the strain. A novel producing naringinase strain, Aspergillus tubingensis MN589840, was isolated from mildewed pomelo peel, later subjected to mutagenesis including UV, ARTP and UV-ARTP. After five rounds iterative mutagenesis, the mutants U1, A6 and UA13 were screened out with 1448·49, 1848·71, 2475·16 U mg-1 enzyme activity, the naringinase productivity raised by 79·08, 123·56 and 206%, respectively. In addition, the naringinase activity of three mutants rose after each round of iterative mutagenesis. These results indicated that the mutagenesis efficiency of UV-ARTP was higher than that of single ARTP, and both are better than UV. In summary, the iterative UV-ARTP mutagenesis is an effective strategy for screening high naringinase-producing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-K Xia
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Y-E Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - S-J Lei
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - B Hu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - C-X Fu
- Research and Development Center, Hubei Tulaohan Flavouring and Food Co., Ltd, Yichang, China
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Fermentative Production of Naringinase from Aspergillus niger van Tieghem MTCC 2425 Using Citrus Wastes: Process Optimization, Partial Purification, and Characterization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:1321-1337. [PMID: 32710169 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of naringin by the action of naringinase is one of the standard practices adopted in the citrus fruit juice industry for debittering. In the present study, a submerged fermentation condition was optimized for producing naringinase from Aspergillus niger van Tieghem MTCC 2425. As per Placket-Burman design, pH (3-5), incubation temperature (26-30 °C), and inducer concentration (12-18 g·L-1) were the most important factors influencing the naringinase production. Naringin from citrus waste was used as an inducer. A rotatable central composite design was employed on these three variables and the numerical optimization predicted that fermentation at 29.8 °C, pH 4.7, and inducer concentration of 14.9 g L-1 would yield a maximum naringinase activity of 545.2 IU g-1. During partial purification, ion exchange chromatography led to a 9.92-fold increase in enzyme activity resulting a specific activity of 5460 IU g-1 with an activity recovery of 17%. As reflected by SDS-PAGE profile, the partially purified naringinase showed the molecular weight bands of 10-20, 65, and 80 kDa, respectively. The purified form of enzyme showed optimum stability at pH 5 and 50 °C. The naringinase activity was completely retained up to 150 days when stored at 4 °C.
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Abdeljalil S, Borgi I, Carvalho S, Jmal-Hammami L, Gargouri A. Molecular and bioinformatics analyses reveal two differentially expressed intracellular GH1 β-glucosidases from the rare alkalophilic fungus Stachybotrys microspora. Gene 2019; 703:134-144. [PMID: 30974199 PMCID: PMC6525110 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports the isolation and analysis of two novel GH1 β-glucosidases from the alkalophilic fungus Stachybotrys microspora, using PCR and Nested-PCR. Three major gene fragments were obtained by PCR: the first two are very similar and constitute a novel gene, which was named Smbgl1A, and the third PCR fragment is part of a different gene, named Smbgl1B. The truncated gene sequences were completely filled using the recent partial whole genome sequencing data of S. microspora (data not yet published). Moreover, we investigated the relative effects of glucose in comparison to cellulose rather than evaluate their absolute effects. In fact, RT-PCR analysis showed that while Smbgl1A was expressed when the fungus was grown in the presence of cellulose but not when grown with glucose, Smbgl1B was equally expressed under both conditions. The putative catalytic residues and the conserved glycone binding sites were identified. Zymogram analysis showed the intracellular production of β-glucosidases in S. microspora. The predicted secondary structure exhibited a classical (β/α)8 barrel fold, showing that both SmBGL1A and SmBGL1B belong to the GH1 family. Phylogenetic studies showed that SmBGL1A and SmBGL1B belong to the same branch as β-glucosidases from Stachybotrys chlorohalonata and Stachybotrys chartarum. However, SmBGL1A and SmBGL1B form two distinct clades. Isolation of two novel GH 1 β-glucosidases from Stachybotrys microspora Investigation of the relative effects of glucose in comparison to cellulose Zymogram analysis has shown the intracellular production of GH1 β-glucosidases. Prediction of the secondary structure with the presence of a classical (β/α) 8 barrel
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Abdeljalil
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour, B.O 1177, 3018, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Ines Borgi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour, B.O 1177, 3018, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Mode of Action Group, Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Lamia Jmal-Hammami
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour, B.O 1177, 3018, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ali Gargouri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour, B.O 1177, 3018, University of Sfax, Tunisia
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Zhu Y, Jia H, Xi M, Xu L, Wu S, Li X. Purification and characterization of a naringinase from a newly isolated strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 11568 suitable for the transformation of flavonoids. Food Chem 2017; 214:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Nunes MA, Gois PM, Rosa ME, Martins S, Fernandes PC, Ribeiro MH. Boronic acids as efficient cross linkers for PVA: synthesis and application of tunable hollow microspheres in biocatalysis. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Raval K, Gehlot K, B D P. Scale-up of naringinase production process based on the constant oxygen transfer rate for a novel strain of Bacillus methylotrophicus. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 47:192-198. [PMID: 27340886 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2016.1201680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Naringinase bioprocess based on Bacillus methylotrophicus was successfully scaled up based on constant oxygen transfer rate (OTR) as the scale-up criterion from 5-L bioreactor to 20-L bioreactor. OTR was measured in 5 and 20-L bioreactor under various operating conditions using dynamic method. The operating conditions, where complete dispersion was observed were identified. The highest OTR of 0.035 and 0.04 mMol/L/s was observed in 5 and 20-L bioreactor, respectively. Critical dissolved oxygen concentration of novel isolated strain B. methylotrophicus was found to be 20% of oxygen saturation in optimized medium. The B. methylotrophicus cells grown on sucrose had maximum oxygen uptake rate of 0.14 mMol/L/s in optimized growth medium. The cells produced the maximum naringinase activity of 751 and 778 U/L at 34 hr in 5 and 20-L bioreactors, respectively. The maximum specific growth rate of about 0.178/hr was observed at both the scales of operations. The maximum naringinase yield of 160 and 164 U/g biomass was observed in 5 and 20-L bioreactors, respectively. The growth and production profiles at both scales were similar indicating successful scale-up strategy for B. methylotrophicus culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyur Raval
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , National Institute of Technology Karnataka , Surathkal , Mangalore
| | - Kartik Gehlot
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , National Institute of Technology Karnataka , Surathkal , Mangalore
| | - Prasanna B D
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , National Institute of Technology Karnataka , Surathkal , Mangalore
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Sooch BS, Kauldhar BS, Puri M. Recent insights into microbial catalases: Isolation, production and purification. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:1429-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Mukund P, Belur PD, Saidutta MB. PRODUCTION OF NARINGINASE FROM A NEW SOIL ISOLATE,Bacillus methylotrophicus: ISOLATION, OPTIMIZATION AND SCALE-UP STUDIES. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 44:146-63. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2013.797910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Verma ML, Barrow CJ, Puri M. Nanobiotechnology as a novel paradigm for enzyme immobilisation and stabilisation with potential applications in biodiesel production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:23-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gupta A, Barrow CJ, Puri M. Omega-3 biotechnology: Thraustochytrids as a novel source of omega-3 oils. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:1733-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Puri M, Sharma D, Barrow CJ, Tiwary AK. Optimisation of novel method for the extraction of steviosides from Stevia rebaudiana leaves. Food Chem 2011; 132:1113-1120. [PMID: 29243590 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Stevioside, a diterpene glycoside, is well known for its intense sweetness and is used as a non-caloric sweetener. Its potential widespread use requires an easy and effective extraction method. Enzymatic extraction of stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana leaves with cellulase, pectinase and hemicellulase, using various parameters, such as concentration of enzyme, incubation time and temperature, was optimised. Hemicellulase was observed to give the highest stevioside yield (369.23±0.11μg) in 1h in comparison to cellulase (359±0.30μg) and pectinases (333±0.55μg). Extraction from leaves under optimised conditions showed a remarkable increase in the yield (35 times) compared with a control experiment. The extraction conditions were further optimised using response surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design (CCD) was used for experimental design and analysis of the results to obtain optimal extraction conditions. Based on RSM analysis, temperature of 51-54°C, time of 36-45min and the cocktail of pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase, set at 2% each, gave the best results. Under the optimised conditions, the experimental values were in close agreement with the prediction model and resulted in a three times yield enhancement of stevioside. The isolated stevioside was characterised through 1H-NMR spectroscopy, by comparison with a stevioside standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munish Puri
- Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and System Biology (BioDeakin), Institute of Technology Research and Innovation (ITRI), Deakin University, Victoria 3217, Australia; Fermentation and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Punjab 147002, India.
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Fermentation and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Punjab 147002, India
| | - Colin J Barrow
- Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and System Biology (BioDeakin), Institute of Technology Research and Innovation (ITRI), Deakin University, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - A K Tiwary
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Punjab 147002, India
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Updates on naringinase: structural and biotechnological aspects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 93:49-60. [PMID: 22080346 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3679-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Naringinases has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years due to its hydrolytic activities which include the production of rhamnose, and prunin and debittering of citrus fruit juices. While this enzyme is widely distributed in fungi, its production from bacterial sources is less commonly known. Fungal naringinase are very important as they are used industrially in large amounts and have been extensively studied during the past decade. In this article, production of bacterial naringinase and potential biotechnological applications are discussed. Bacterial rhamnosidases are exotype enzymes that hydrolyse terminal non-reducing α-L-rhamnosyl groups from α-L-rhamnose containing polysaccharides and glycosides. Structurally, they are classified into family 78 of glycoside hydrolases and characterized by the presence of Asp567 and Glu841 in their active site. Optimization of fermentation conditions and enzyme engineering will allow the development of improved rhamnosidases for advancing suggested industrial applications.
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Puri M, Sharma D, Tiwari AK. Downstream processing of stevioside and its potential applications. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 29:781-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Shanmugaprakash M, Vinoth Kumar V, Hemalatha M, Melbia V, Karthik P. Solid-state fermentation for the production of debittering enzyme naringinase using Aspergillus niger MTCC 1344. Eng Life Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201000128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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