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Jo MH, Ju JH, Heo SY, Son CB, Jeong KJ, Oh BR. High production of enantiopure (R,R)-2,3-butanediol from crude glycerol by Klebsiella pneumoniae with an engineered oxidative pathway and a two-stage agitation strategy. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:205. [PMID: 39044245 PMCID: PMC11267846 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND (R,R)-2,3-butanediol (BDO) is employed in a variety of applications and is gaining prominence due to its unique physicochemical features. The use of glycerol as a carbon source for 2,3-BDO production in Klebsiella pneumoniae has been limited, since 1,3-propanediol (PDO) is generated during glycerol fermentation. RESULTS In this study, the inactivation of the budC gene in K. pneumoniae increased the production rate of (R,R)-2,3-BDO from 21.92 ± 2.10 to 92.05 ± 1.20%. The major isomer form of K. pneumoniae (meso-2,3-BDO) was shifted to (R,R)-2,3-BDO. The purity of (R,R)-2,3-BDO was examined by agitation speed, and 98.54% of (R,R)-2,3-BDO was obtained at 500 rpm. However, as the cultivation period got longer, the purity of (R,R)-2,3-BDO declined. For this problem, a two-step agitation speed control strategy (adjusted from 500 to 400 rpm after 24 h) and over-expression of the dhaD gene involved in (R,R)-2,3-BDO biosynthesis were used. Nevertheless, the purity of (R,R)-2,3-BDO still gradually decreased over time. Finally, when pure glycerol was replaced with crude glycerol, the titer of 89.47 g/L of (R,R)-2,3-BDO (1.69 g/L of meso-2,3-BDO), productivity of 1.24 g/L/h, and yield of 0.35 g/g consumed crude glycerol was achieved while maintaining a purity of 98% or higher. CONCLUSIONS This study is meaningful in that it demonstrated the highest production and productivity among studies in that produced (R,R)-2,3-BDO with a high purity in Klebsiella sp. strains. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to produce (R,R)-2,3-BDO using glycerol as the sole carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ho Jo
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Ju
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Yeon Heo
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Son
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jun Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Rock Oh
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea.
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Jo MH, Ju JH, Heo SY, Cho J, Jeong KJ, Kim MS, Kim CH, Oh BR. Production of 1,2-propanediol from glycerol in Klebsiella pneumoniae GEM167 with flux enhancement of the oxidative pathway. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:18. [PMID: 36747250 PMCID: PMC9903448 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02269-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To support the sustainability of biodiesel production, by-products, such as crude glycerol, should be converted into high-value chemical products. 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) has been widely used as a building block in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Recently, the microbial bioconversion of lactic acid into 1,2-PDO is attracting attention to overcome limitations of previous biosynthetic pathways for production of 1,2-PDO. In this study, we examined the effect of genetic engineering, metabolic engineering, and control of bioprocess factors on the production of 1,2-PDO from lactic acid by K. pneumoniae GEM167 with flux enhancement of the oxidative pathway, using glycerol as carbon source. RESULTS We developed K. pneumoniae GEM167ΔadhE/pBR-1,2PDO, a novel bacterial strain that has blockage of ethanol biosynthesis and biosynthesized 1,2-PDO from lactic acid when glycerol is carbon source. Increasing the agitation speed from 200 to 400 rpm not only increased 1,2-PDO production by 2.24-fold to 731.0 ± 24.7 mg/L at 48 h but also increased the amount of a by-product, 2,3-butanediol. We attempted to inhibit 2,3-butanediol biosynthesis using the approaches of pH control and metabolic engineering. Control of pH at 7.0 successfully increased 1,2-PDO production (1016.5 ± 37.3 mg/L at 48 h), but the metabolic engineering approach was not successful. The plasmid in this strain maintained 100% stability for 72 h. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to report the biosynthesis of 1,2-PDO from lactic acid in K. pneumoniae when glycerol was carbon source. The 1,2-PDO production was enhanced by blocking the synthesis of 2,3-butanediol through pH control. Our results indicate that K. pneumoniae GEM167 has potential for the production of additional valuable chemical products from metabolites produced through oxidative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ho Jo
- grid.249967.70000 0004 0636 3099Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Ju
- grid.249967.70000 0004 0636 3099Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Yeon Heo
- grid.249967.70000 0004 0636 3099Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Cho
- grid.454135.20000 0000 9353 1134Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam 31056 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jun Jeong
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- grid.249967.70000 0004 0636 3099Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212 Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Kim
- grid.249967.70000 0004 0636 3099Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212 Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Rock Oh
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea.
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Extraction, Isolation, and Purification of Value-Added Chemicals from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review covers the operating conditions for extracting top value-added chemicals, such as levulinic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, vanillic acid, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, xylitol, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, chitosan, 2,3-butanediol, and xylo-oligosaccharides, from common lignocellulosic biomass. Operating principles of novel extraction methods, beyond pretreatments, such as Soxhlet extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, and enzymatic extraction, are also presented and reviewed. Post extraction, high-value biochemicals need to be isolated, which is achieved through a combination of one or more isolation and purification steps. The operating principles, as well as a review of isolation methods, such as membrane filtration and liquid–liquid extraction and purification using preparative chromatography, are also discussed.
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Liang B, Sun G, Zhang X, Nie Q, Zhao Y, Yang J. Recent Advances, Challenges and Metabolic Engineering Strategies in the Biosynthesis of 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2639-2668. [PMID: 35781640 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
As an attractive and valuable platform chemical, 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) can be used to produce a variety of industrially important commodity chemicals and biodegradable polymers. Moreover, the biosynthesis of 3-HP has drawn much attention in recent years due to its sustainability and environmental friendliness. Here, we focus on recent advances, challenges and metabolic engineering strategies in the biosynthesis of 3-HP. While glucose and glycerol are major carbon sources for its production of 3-HP via microbial fermentation, other carbon sources have also been explored. To increase yield and titer, synthetic biology and metabolic engineering strategies have been explored, including modifying pathway enzymes, eliminating flux blockages due to byproduct synthesis, eliminating toxic byproducts, and optimizing via genome-scale models. This review also provides insights on future directions for 3-HP biosynthesis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liang
- Energy-rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guannan Sun
- Energy-rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinping Zhang
- Energy-rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingjuan Nie
- Foreign Languages School, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yukun Zhao
- Pony Testing International Group, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianming Yang
- Energy-rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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Xue C, Pan W, Lu X, Guo J, Xu G, Sheng Y, Yuan G, Zhao N, Sun J, Guo X, Wang M, Li H, Du P, An L, Han X. Effects of compound deer bone extract on osteoporosis model mice and intestinal microflora. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13740. [PMID: 33904182 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The preventive and therapeutic mechanisms of CDBE on osteoporosis were studied by observing the serum bone-related biochemical indicators, bone trabecular micro-structure and intestinal flora in ovariectomized osteoporosis model mice, in order to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the further study on the effect of CDBE on osteoporosis, and the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis with clinical traditional Chinese medicines. The components in CDBE were detected by UHPLC-MS. A mouse osteoporosis model was established by the bilateral ovariectomy in female ICR mice. The biochemical indicators related to osteoporosis were detected, the right proximal tibia was scanned by Micro-CT, the intestinal microflora in the colon contents were examined, and the changes of microflora were taken as the main target to evaluate the effect of CDBE on the intestinal microflora in the model mice. A total of 16 compounds were obtained by the combined application of UHPLC-MS. CDBE could significantly increase the contents of E2, Ca2+ , CT, HyP, OCN, FOXP3, P1NP and CTX-II, in the model mice. CDBE could significantly improve the trabecular micro-structure, Tb.N, Tb.Sp, SMI and Conn.D. CDBE could make the intestinal flora of osteoporosis model mice tend to healthy mice in species and quantity. CDBE can improve the symptoms of postmenopausal osteoporosis in mice, with a positive effect on the intestinal flora of postmenopausal mice. Its mechanism of regulating the symptoms of osteoporosis may be related to the regulation of bone-related biochemical indicators in the serum of mice. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This research has a positive impact on the development of functional food with anti-osteoporosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Wang Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Xuechun Lu
- Department of Hematology, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jingru Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Sheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Guangxin Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Nanxi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Jingbo Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Manli Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Peige Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Liping An
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
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Mojarrad M, Tajima T, Hida A, Kato J. Psychrophile-based simple biocatalysts for effective coproduction of 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 1,3-propanediol. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:728-738. [PMID: 33624773 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) have tremendous potential markets in many industries. This study evaluated the simultaneous biosynthesis of the 2 compounds using the new psychrophile-based simple biocatalyst (PSCat) reaction system. The PSCat method is based on the expression of glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase from Klebsiella pneumoniae in Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 and Shewanella frigidimarina DSM 12253, individually. Heat treatment at 45 °C for 15 min deactivated the intracellular metabolic flux, and the production process was started after adding substrate, cofactor, and coenzyme. In the solo production process after 1 h, the maximum production of 3-HP was 62.0 m m. For 1,3-PDO, the maximum production was 25.0 m m. In the simultaneous production process, productivity was boosted, and the production of 3-HP and 1,3-PDO increased by 13.5 and 4.9 m m, respectively. Hence, the feasibility of the individual production and the simultaneous biosynthesis system were verified in the new PSCat approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mojarrad
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan
| | - Takahisa Tajima
- Program of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan
| | - Akiko Hida
- Program of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan
| | - Junichi Kato
- Program of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan
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Rollin JA, Bomble YJ, St. John PC, Stark AK. Biochemical Production with Purified Cell-Free Systems. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Biovalorisation of crude glycerol and xylose into xylitol by oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:121. [PMID: 32493445 PMCID: PMC7271524 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01378-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Xylitol is a commercially important chemical with multiple applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. According to the US Department of Energy, xylitol is one of the top twelve platform chemicals that can be produced from biomass. The chemical method for xylitol synthesis is however, expensive and energy intensive. In contrast, the biological route using microbial cell factories offers a potential cost-effective alternative process. The bioprocess occurs under ambient conditions and makes use of biocatalysts and biomass which can be sourced from renewable carbon originating from a variety of cheap waste feedstocks. Result In this study, biotransformation of xylose to xylitol was investigated using Yarrowia lipolytica, an oleaginous yeast which was firstly grown on a glycerol/glucose for screening of co-substrate, followed by media optimisation in shake flask, scale up in bioreactor and downstream processing of xylitol. A two-step medium optimization was employed using central composite design and artificial neural network coupled with genetic algorithm. The yeast amassed a concentration of 53.2 g/L xylitol using pure glycerol (PG) and xylose with a bioconversion yield of 0.97 g/g. Similar results were obtained when PG was substituted with crude glycerol (CG) from the biodiesel industry (titer: 50.5 g/L; yield: 0.92 g/g). Even when xylose from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate was used as opposed to pure xylose, a xylitol yield of 0.54 g/g was achieved. Xylitol was successfully crystallized from PG/xylose and CG/xylose fermentation broths with a recovery of 39.5 and 35.3%, respectively. Conclusion To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study demonstrates for the first time the potential of using Y. lipolytica as a microbial cell factory for xylitol synthesis from inexpensive feedstocks. The results obtained are competitive with other xylitol producing organisms.![]()
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Kim C, Lee JH, Baek J, Kong DS, Na JG, Lee J, Sundstrom E, Park S, Kim JR. Small Current but Highly Productive Synthesis of 1,3-Propanediol from Glycerol by an Electrode-Driven Metabolic Shift in Klebsiella pneumoniae L17. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:564-573. [PMID: 31808287 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrofermentation actively regulates the bacterial redox state, which is essential for bioconversion and has been highlighted as an effective method for further improvements of the productivity of either reduced or oxidized platform chemicals. 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) is an industrial value-added chemical that can be produced from glycerol fermentation. The bioconversion of 1,3-PDO from glycerol requires additional reducing energy under anoxic conditions. The cathode-based conversion of glycerol to 1,3-PDO with various electron shuttles (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, neutral red, and hydroquinone) using Klebsiella pneumoniae L17 was investigated. The externally poised potential of -0.9 V vs. Ag/AgCl to the cathode increased 1,3-PDO (35.5±3.1 mm) production if 100 μm neutral red was used compared with non-bioelectrochemical system fermentation (23.7±2.4 mm). Stoichiometric metabolic flux and transcriptional analysis indicated a shift in the carbon flux toward the glycerol reductive pathway. The homologous overexpression of glycerol dehydratase (DhaB) and 1,3-PDO oxidoreductase (DhaT) enzymes synergistically enhanced 1,3-PDO conversion (39.3±0.8 mm) under cathode-driven fermentation. Interestingly, a small current uptake (0.23 mmol of electrons) caused significant metabolic flux changes with a concomitant increase in 1,3-PDO production. This suggests that both an increase in 1,3-PDO production and regulation of the cellular metabolic pathway are feasible by electrode-driven control in cathodic electrofermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changman Kim
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
- Present Address: Advanced Biofuel and Bioproducts Process Development Unit, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Jae Hyeon Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Baek
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Seul Kong
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Geol Na
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric Sundstrom
- Advanced Biofuel and Bioproducts Process Development Unit, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Sunghoon Park
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Rae Kim
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
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Regulation of Pyruvate Formate Lyase-Deficient Klebsiella pneumoniae for Efficient 1,3-Propanediol Bioproduction. Curr Microbiol 2019; 77:55-61. [PMID: 31705389 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic growth defect of pyruvate formate lyase (PFL)-deficient Klebsiella pneumoniae limits its industrial application, and the reason for this growth defect was analyzed in this study. The obtained evidences, combined with normal intracellular redox status and no further inhibition by adhE deletion, strongly suggested that growth defect in PFL-deficient K. pneumoniae was probably caused by lack of carbon flux from pyruvate to acetyl-CoA (AcCoA). Correspondingly, the anaerobic growth of PFL-deficient K. pneumoniae was promoted by deletion of pdhR, a negative transcriptional regulator gene for AcCoA generation. Through the regulation of pdhR deletion, the PFL-deficient K. pneumoniae exhibited highly efficient 1,3-propanediol production. Besides, in a 2-L fed-batch fermentation process, the cell growth of PFL-deficient K. pneumoniae strain almost recovered, when compared with that of the normal strain, and the 1,3-propanediol yield increased by 14%, while the byproducts acetate and 2,3-butanediol contents decreased by 29% and 24%, respectively.
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Zhou S, Lama S, Sankaranarayanan M, Park S. Metabolic engineering of Pseudomonas denitrificans for the 1,3-propanediol production from glycerol. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121933. [PMID: 31404755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bio-production of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) from glycerol was studied using Pseudomonas denitrificans as host, which aerobically synthesizes coenzyme B12, an essential cofactor of glycerol dehydratase (GDHt). P. denitrificans was transformed with the 1,3-PDO synthesis pathway composed of GDHt and 1,3-PDO oxidoreductase (PDOR), and its putative 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA) dehydrogenase(s), leading to the production of 3-hydroxypropioninc acid form the intermediary 3-HPA, was identified and deleted. In addition, to improve the availability of NADH for PDOR, oxidation of NADH in the electron transport chain was disturbed by deletion of the nuo operon and/or ndh gene. Finally, acetate formation pathway was eliminated. One resulting strain could produce 68.95 mM 1,3-PDO with the yield of 0.92 mol 1,3-PDO/mol glycerol on flask scale and 440 mM with the yield of 0.89 mol 1,3-PDO/mol glycerol in a fed-batch bioreactor experiment. This study demonstrates that P. denitrificans is a promising recombinant host for the production of 1,3-PDO from glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengfang Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China; School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Suman Lama
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Mugesh Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai 600062, India
| | - Sunghoon Park
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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Li X, Chen L, Wang X, Tian P. Physiological investigations of the influences of byproduct pathways on 3-hydroxypropionic acid production in Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 59:1195-1207. [PMID: 31617952 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae can naturally synthesize 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP), 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD), and 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) from glycerol. However, biosynthesis of these industrially important chemicals is constrained by troublesome byproducts. To clarify the influences of byproducts on 3-HP production, in this study, a total of eight byproduct-producing enzyme genes including pmd, poxB, frdB, fumC, dhaT, ilvH, adhP, and pflB were individually deleted from the K. pneumoniae genome. The resultant eight mutants presented different levels of metabolites. In 24-h shake-flask cultivation, the adhP- and pflB-deletion mutants produced 0.41 and 0.44 g/L 3-HP, respectively. Notably, the adhP and pflB double deletion mutant K. pneumoniaeΔadhPΔpflB produced 1.58 g/L 3-HP in 24-h shake-flask cultivation. When K. pneumoniaeΔadhPΔpflB was harnessed as a host strain to overexpress PuuC, a native aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) catalyzing 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA) to 3-HP, the resulting recombinant strain K. pneumoniaeΔadhPΔpflB(pTAC-puuC) (pTAC-puuC is PuuC expression vector) generated 66.91 g/L 3-HP with a cumulative yield of 70.84% on glycerol in 60-h bioreactor cultivation. Additionally, this strain showed 2.3-, 5.1-, and 0.67-fold decrease in the concentrations of 1,3-PD, 2,3-BD, and acetic acid compared with the reference strain K. pneumoniae(pTAC-puuC). These results indicated that the byproducts exerted differential impacts on the production of 3-HP, 1,3-PD, and 2,3-BD. Although combinatorial elimination of byproduct pathways could reprogram glycerol flux, the enzyme 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase (DhaT) that catalyzes 3-HPA to 1,3-PD and the enzymes ALDHs, especially, PuuC are most pivotal for 3-HP production. This study provides a deep understanding of how byproducts affect the production of 3-HP, 1,3-PD, and 2,3-BD in K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liuni Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuling Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Pingfang Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Westbrook AW, Miscevic D, Kilpatrick S, Bruder MR, Moo-Young M, Chou CP. Strain engineering for microbial production of value-added chemicals and fuels from glycerol. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:538-568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Acedos MG, Santos VE, Garcia-Ochoa F. Resting cells isobutanol production by Shimwellia blattae (p424IbPSO): Influence of growth culture conditions. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:1073-1080. [PMID: 30281946 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Isobutanol is a promising gasoline additive and could even be a potential substitute used directly as combustible. In this work, the production of isobutanol from glucose by Shimwellia blattae (p424IbPSO) in resting cell cultures is studied. This production has two stages, involving a resting cell phase that has not been studied before. The cell growth was carried out under different operating conditions: temperature and medium composition (YE, ammonium, and IPTG concentrations), looking for the highest isobutanol production. Moreover, the cells were collected at three different growth times checking their isobutanol production capacity. The best operating conditions have been determined as: 30°C of temperature, a medium containing 1.5 g L-1 YE and 1.4 g L-1 of ammonium as nitrogen sources, adding 0.5 mM IPTG as inducer. The cells collected at early growth times are significantly more active. The use of S. blattae (p424IbPSO) in resting cells is a good strategy for the production of isobutanol from glucose yielding better results than in batch growth cultures, a yield of 60% attainment of theoretical maximum yield is obtained under optimal conditions. In addition, it has been demonstrated that if the cells are cultured at higher temperatures and with high IPTG concentrations, inclusion bodies are formed in the cytoplasm inhibiting the isobutanol production in the resting cell stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel G Acedos
- Dept. of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Victoria E Santos
- Dept. of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Felix Garcia-Ochoa
- Dept. of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, 28040, Spain
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Zhang L, Bao W, Wei R, Fu S, Gong H. Inactivating NADH:quinone oxidoreductases affects the growth and metabolism of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2018; 65:857-864. [PMID: 30063071 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
NADH:quinone oxidoreductases (NQOs) act as the electron entry sites in bacterial respiration and oxidize intracellular NADH that is essential for the synthesis of numerous molecules. Klebsiella pneumoniae contains three NQOs (NDH-1, NDH-2, and NQR). The effects of inactivating these NQOs, separately and together, on cell metabolism were investigated under different culture conditions. Defective growth was evident in NDH-1-NDH-2 double and NDH-1-NDH-2-NQR triple deficient mutants, which was probably due to damage to the respiratory chain. The results also showed that K. pneumoniae can flexibly use NQOs to maintain normal growth in single NQO-deficient mutants. And more interestingly, under aerobic conditions, inactivating NDH-1 resulted in a high intracellular NADH:NAD+ ratio, which was proven to be beneficial for 2,3-butanediol production. Compared with the parent strain, 2,3-butanediol production by the NDH-1-deficient mutant was increased by 46% and 62% in glycerol- and glucose-based media, respectively. Thus, our findings provide a practical strategy for metabolic engineering of respiratory chains to promote the biosynthesis of 2,3-butanediol in K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Renquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuilin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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16
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Production of 1,3-Propanediol from Glucose by Recombinant Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-018-0017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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17
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Kumar V, Park S. Potential and limitations of Klebsiella pneumoniae as a microbial cell factory utilizing glycerol as the carbon source. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:150-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Ko Y, Seol E, Sundara Sekar B, Kwon S, Lee J, Park S. Metabolic engineering of Klebsiella pneumoniae J2B for co-production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 1,3-propanediol from glycerol: Reduction of acetate and other by-products. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:1096-1103. [PMID: 28863426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) or 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) production from glycerol is challenging due to the problems associated with cofactor regeneration, coenzyme B12 synthesis, and the instability of pathway enzymes. To address these complications, simultaneous production of 3-HP and 1,3-PDO, instead of individual production of each compound, was attempted. With over-expression of an aldehyde dehydrogenase, recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae could co-produce 3-HP and 1,3-PDO successfully. However, the production level was unsatisfactory due to excessive accumulation of many by-products, especially acetate. To reduce acetate production, we attempted; (i) reduction of glycerol assimilation through the glycolytic pathway, (ii) increase of glycerol flow towards co-production, and (iii) variation of aeration rate. These efforts were partially beneficial in reducing acetate and improving co-production: 21g/L of 1,3-PDO and 43g/L of 3-HP were obtained. Excessive acetate (>150mM) was still produced at the end of bioreactor runs, and limited co-production efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeounjoo Ko
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Seol
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Balaji Sundara Sekar
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjin Kwon
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeon Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Park
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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Suyama A, Higuchi Y, Urushihara M, Maeda Y, Takegawa K. Production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid via the malonyl-CoA pathway using recombinant fission yeast strains. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 124:392-399. [PMID: 28522285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) can be converted into derivatives such as acrylic acid, a source for producing super absorbent polymers. Although Escherichia coli has often been used for 3-HP production, it exhibits low tolerance to 3-HP. To circumvent this problem, we selected the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as this microorganism has higher tolerance to 3-HP than E. coli. Therefore, we constructed S. pombe transformants overexpressing two genes, one encoding the S. pombe acetyl-CoA carboxylase (Cut6p) and the other encoding the malonyl-CoA reductase derived from Chloroflexus aurantiacus (CaMCR). To prevent the degradation of these expressed proteins, we employed an S. pombe protease-deficient strain. Moreover, to increase the cytosolic concentration of acetyl-CoA, we supplemented acetate to the medium, which improved 3-HP production. To further produce 3-HP by overexpressing Cut6p and CaMCR, we exploited the highly expressing S. pombe hsp9 promoter. Finally, culturing in high-density reached 3-HP production to 7.6 g/L at 31 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Suyama
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yujiro Higuchi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Masahiro Urushihara
- Research Center, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., 1150 Hazawacho, Yokohama 221-8755, Japan
| | - Yuka Maeda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takegawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
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20
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Kalantari A, Chen T, Ji B, Stancik IA, Ravikumar V, Franjevic D, Saulou-Bérion C, Goelzer A, Mijakovic I. Conversion of Glycerol to 3-Hydroxypropanoic Acid by Genetically Engineered Bacillus subtilis. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:638. [PMID: 28458661 PMCID: PMC5394112 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
3-Hydroxypropanoic acid (3-HP) is an important biomass-derivable platform chemical that can be converted into a number of industrially relevant compounds. There have been several attempts to produce 3-HP from renewable sources in cell factories, focusing mainly on Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Despite the significant progress made in this field, commercially exploitable large-scale production of 3-HP in microbial strains has still not been achieved. In this study, we investigated the potential of Bacillus subtilis as a microbial platform for bioconversion of glycerol into 3-HP. Our recombinant B. subtilis strains overexpress the two-step heterologous pathway containing glycerol dehydratase and aldehyde dehydrogenase from K. pneumoniae. Genetic engineering, driven by in silico optimization, and optimization of cultivation conditions resulted in a 3-HP titer of 10 g/L, in a standard batch cultivation. Our findings provide the first report of successful introduction of the biosynthetic pathway for conversion of glycerol into 3-HP in B. subtilis. With this relatively high titer in batch, and the robustness of B. subtilis in high density fermentation conditions, we expect that our production strains may constitute a solid basis for commercial production of 3-HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Kalantari
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
- Chaire Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles, AgroParisTechReims, France
| | - Tao Chen
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Boyang Ji
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ivan A. Stancik
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of ZagrebZagreb, Croatia
| | - Vaishnavi Ravikumar
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
| | - Damjan Franjevic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of ZagrebZagreb, Croatia
| | - Claire Saulou-Bérion
- UMR Génie et Microbiologie des Procédés Alimentaires (GMPA), AgroParisTech, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-SaclayThiverval Grignon, France
| | - Anne Goelzer
- Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquuées du Génome à l’Environnement (MaIAGE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-SaclayJouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Ivan Mijakovic
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of DenmarkLyngby, Denmark
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21
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Sankaranarayanan M, Seol E, Kim Y, Chauhan AS, Park S. Measurement of crude-cell-extract glycerol dehydratase activity in recombinant Escherichia coli using coupled-enzyme reactions. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 44:477-488. [PMID: 28093656 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-017-1902-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol dehydratase (GDHt), which converts glycerol to 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, is essential to the production of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) or 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP). A reliable GDHt activity assay in crude-cell extract was developed. In the assay, GDHt converted 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) to propionaldehyde, which was further converted to 1-propionic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenase (KGSADH) or to 1-propanol by yeast-alcohol dehydrogenase (yADH), while the NADH concentration change was monitored spectrophotometrically. Cells should be disintegrated by Bead Beater/French Press, not by chemical methods (BugBuster®/B-PER™), because the reagents significantly inactivated GDHt and coupling enzymes. Furthermore, in the assay mixture, a much higher activity of KGSADH (>200-fold) or yADH (>400-fold) than that of GDHt should have been maintained. Under optimal conditions, both KGSADH and yADH showed practically the same activity. The coupled-enzyme assay method established here should prove to be applicable to recombinant strains developed for the production of 3-HP and/or 1,3-PDO from glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugesh Sankaranarayanan
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Seol
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashish Singh Chauhan
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Park
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Kim C, Kim MY, Michie I, Jeon BH, Premier GC, Park S, Kim JR. Anodic electro-fermentation of 3-hydroxypropionic acid from glycerol by recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae L17 in a bioelectrochemical system. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:199. [PMID: 28824709 PMCID: PMC5561608 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0886-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is an important platform chemical which can be produced biologically from glycerol. Klebsiella pneumoniae is an ideal biocatalyst for 3-HP because it can grow well on glycerol and naturally synthesize the essential coenzyme B12. On the other hand, if higher yields and titers of 3-HP are to be achieved, the sustained regeneration of NAD+ under anaerobic conditions, where coenzyme B12 is synthesized sustainably, is required. RESULTS In this study, recombinant K. pneumoniae L17 overexpressing aldehyde dehydrogenase (AldH) was developed and cultured in a bioelectrochemical system (BES) with the application of an electrical potential to the anode using a chronoamperometric method (+0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl). The BES operation resulted in 1.7-fold enhancement of 3-HP production compared to the control without the applied potential. The intracellular NADH/NAD+ ratio was significantly lower when the L17 cells were grown under an electric potential. The interaction between the electrode and overexpressed AldH was enhanced by electron shuttling mediated by HNQ (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone). CONCLUSIONS Enhanced 3-HP production by the BES was achieved using recombinant K. pneumoniae L17. The quinone-based electron transference between the electrode and L17 was investigated by respiratory uncoupler experiments. This study provides a novel strategy to control the intracellular redox states to enhance the yield and titer of 3-HP production as well as other bioconversion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changman Kim
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Yeon Kim
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - Iain Michie
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre (SERC), Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Mid-Glamorgan CF37 1DL UK
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Giuliano C. Premier
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre (SERC), Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Mid-Glamorgan CF37 1DL UK
| | - Sunghoon Park
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Rae Kim
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735 Republic of Korea
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23
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Kumar V, Durgapal M, Sankaranarayanan M, Somasundar A, Rathnasingh C, Song H, Seung D, Park S. Effects of mutation of 2,3-butanediol formation pathway on glycerol metabolism and 1,3-propanediol production by Klebsiella pneumoniae J2B. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:432-440. [PMID: 27160953 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigates the impact of mutation of 2,3-butanediol (BDO) formation pathway on glycerol metabolism and 1,3-propanediol (PDO) production by lactate dehydrogenase deficient mutant of Klebsiella pneumoniae J2B. To this end, BDO pathway genes, budA, budB, budC and budO (whole-bud operon), were deleted from K. pneumoniae J2B ΔldhA and the mutants were studied for glycerol metabolism and alcohols (PDO, BDO) production. ΔbudO-mutant-only could completely abolish BDO production, but with reductions in cell growth and PDO production. By modifying the culture medium, the ΔbudO mutant could recover its performance on the flask scale. However, in bioreactor experiments, the ΔbudO mutant accumulated a significant amount of pyruvate (>73mM) in the late phase and PDO production stopped concomitantly. Glycolytic intermediates of glycerol, especially glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) was highly inhibitory to glycerol dehydratase (GDHt); its accumulation, followed by pyruvate accumulation, was assumed to be responsible for the ΔbudO mutant's low PDO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea; Nottingham BBSRC/EPSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University Park, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Meetu Durgapal
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Mugesh Sankaranarayanan
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Somasundar
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Chelladurai Rathnasingh
- R&D Center, GS Caltex Corporation, 104-4 Munji-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Republic of Korea
| | - HyoHak Song
- R&D Center, GS Caltex Corporation, 104-4 Munji-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyoung Seung
- R&D Center, GS Caltex Corporation, 104-4 Munji-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Park
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Li Y, Wang X, Ge X, Tian P. High Production of 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid in Klebsiella pneumoniae by Systematic Optimization of Glycerol Metabolism. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26932. [PMID: 27230116 PMCID: PMC4882505 DOI: 10.1038/srep26932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is an important platform chemical proposed by the United States Department of Energy. 3-HP can be converted to a series of bulk chemicals. Biological production of 3-HP has made great progress in recent years. However, low yield of 3-HP restricts its commercialization. In this study, systematic optimization was conducted towards high-yield production of 3-HP in Klebsiella pneumoniae. We first investigated appropriate promoters for the key enzyme (aldehyde dehydrogenase, ALDH) in 3-HP biosynthesis, and found that IPTG-inducible tac promoter enabled overexpression of an endogenous ALDH (PuuC) in K. pneumoniae. We optimized the metabolic flux and found that blocking the synthesis of lactic acid and acetic acid significantly increased the production of 3-HP. Additionally, fermentation conditions were optimized and scaled-up cultivation were investigated. The highest 3-HP titer was observed at 83.8 g/L with a high conversion ratio of 54% on substrate glycerol. Furthermore, a flux distribution model of glycerol metabolism in K. pneumoniae was proposed based on in silico analysis. To our knowledge, this is the highest 3-HP production in K. pneumoniae. This work has significantly advanced biological production of 3-HP from renewable carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhen Ge
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingfang Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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25
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Lin J, Zhang Y, Xu D, Xiang G, Jia Z, Fu S, Gong H. Deletion of poxB, pta, and ackA improves 1,3-propanediol production by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:2775-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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26
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Development of a two-step process for production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid from glycerol using Klebsiella pneumoniae and Gluconobacter oxydans. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:2487-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Bio-transformation of Glycerol to 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid Using Resting Cells of Lactobacillus reuteri. Curr Microbiol 2015. [PMID: 26204968 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-015-0878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus reuteri grown in MRS broth containing 20 mM glycerol exhibits 3.7-fold up-regulation of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) pathway genes during the stationary phase. Concomitantly, the resting cells prepared from stationary phase show enhancement in bio-conversion of glycerol, and the maximum specific productivity (q p) is found to be 0.17 g 3-HP per g CDW per hour. The regulatory elements such as catabolite repression site in the up-stream of 3-HP pathway genes are presumed for the augmentation of glycerol bio-conversion selectively in stationary phase. However, in the repression mutant, the maximum q p of 3-HP persisted in the stationary phase-derived resting cells indicating the role of further regulatory features. In the production stage, the external 3-HP concentration of 35 mM inhibits 3-HP synthesis. In addition, it has also moderated 1,3-propanediol formation, as it is a redox bio-catalysis involving NAD(+)/NADH ratio of 6.5. Repeated batch bio-transformation has been used to overcome product inhibition, and the total yield (Ypx) of 3-HP from the stationary phase-derived biomass is 3.3 times higher than that from the non-repeated mode. With the use of appropriate gene expression condition and repeated transfer of biomass, 3-HP produced in this study can be used for low-volume, high-value applications.
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28
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Improvement of 1,3-propanediol production in Klebsiella pneumoniae by moderate expression of puuC (encoding an aldehyde dehydrogenase). Biotechnol Lett 2015; 37:1783-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-1851-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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29
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Gungormusler-Yilmaz M, Cicek N, Levin DB, Azbar N. Cell immobilization for microbial production of 1,3-propanediol. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:482-94. [PMID: 25600463 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2014.992386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell and enzyme immobilization are often used for industrial production of high-value products. In recent years, immobilization techniques have been applied to the production of value-added chemicals such as 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO). Biotechnological fermentation is an attractive alternative to current 1,3-PDO production methods, which are primarily thermochemical processes, as it generates high volumetric yields of 1,3-PDO, is a much less energy intensive process, and generates lower amounts of environmental organic pollutants. Although several approaches including: batch, fed-batch, continuous-feed and two-step continuous-feed were tested in suspended systems, it has been well demonstrated that cell immobilization techniques can significantly enhance 1,3-PDO production and allow robust continuous production in smaller bioreactors. This review covers various immobilization methods and their application for 1,3-PDO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Gungormusler-Yilmaz
- a Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering , Ege University , Bornova , Izmir , Turkey and
| | - Nazim Cicek
- b Department of Biosystems Engineering , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - David B Levin
- b Department of Biosystems Engineering , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , MB , Canada
| | - Nuri Azbar
- a Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering , Ege University , Bornova , Izmir , Turkey and
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30
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Li Y, Tian P. Contemplating 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid Biosynthesis in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Indian J Microbiol 2015; 55:131-9. [PMID: 25805899 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-015-0513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is a commercially valuable platform chemical from which an array of C3 compounds can be generated. Klebsiella pneumoniae has been considered a promising species for biological production of 3-HP. Despite a wealth of reports related to 3-HP biosynthesis in K. pneumoniae, its commercialization is still in infancy. The major hurdle hindering 3-HP overproduction lies in the poor understanding of glycerol dissimilation in K. pneumoniae. To surmount this problem, this review aims to portray a picture of 3-HP biosynthesis, involving 3-HP-synthesizing strains, biochemical attributes, metabolic pathways and key enzymes. Inspired by the state-of-the-art advances in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, here we advocate protocols for overproducing 3-HP in K. pneumoniae. These protocols range from cofactor regeneration, alleviation of metabolite toxicity, genome editing, remodeling of transport system, to carbon flux partition via logic gate. The feasibility for these protocols was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029 People's Republic of China
| | - Pingfang Tian
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029 People's Republic of China
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31
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Liang Q, Qi Q. From a co-production design to an integrated single-cell biorefinery. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:1328-1335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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32
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Su MY, Li Y, Ge XZ, Tian PF. Insights into 3-hydroxypropionic acid biosynthesis revealed by overexpressing native glycerol dehydrogenase in Klebsiella pneumoniae. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 28:762-768. [PMID: 26019560 PMCID: PMC4434141 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.944419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In Klebsiella pneumoniae, glycerol dissimilation involves parallel oxidation and reduction pathways. Oxidation pathway provides adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cofactors to sustain cell growth, while reduction pathway presents 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) and 1,3-propanediol(1,3-PDO), which are commercially attractive platform chemicals. Previous metabolic engineering of K. pneumoniae focused on the intensification of reduction pathway; however, it failed to overproduce 3-HP or 1,3-PDO. Contrary to this strategy, here we show that overexpression of glycerol dehydrogenase (dhaD), the first functional enzyme in oxidation pathway, can efficiently stimulate cell growth and facilitate 3-HP accumulation. Under microaerobic conditions, although metabolic burden arising from plasmid replication, the recombinant K. pneumoniae overexpressing dhaD grew actively and showed 60% enhancement of 3-HP compared to the control. In particular, overexpression of dhaD increased the activity of glycerol dehydratase, indicating the concerted action of two enzymes and the interdependence between glycerol oxidation and reduction pathways. Moreover, the strain overexpressing dhaD produced more lactic acid yet less acetic acid than the control, implying the interplay between dhaD expression and the formation of byproducts. Together, not only showing that intensifying glycerol oxidation pathway is beneficial to 3-HP production, this study also reveals the structural rigidity of dha operon that mediates glycerol dissimilation in K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yue Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Xi-Zhen Ge
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Ping-Fang Tian
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , P. R. China
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33
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Improvement of 2,3-butanediol yield in Klebsiella pneumoniae by deletion of the pyruvate formate-lyase gene. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:6195-203. [PMID: 25085487 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02069-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is considered a good host strain for the production of 2,3-butanediol, which is a promising platform chemical with various industrial applications. In this study, three genes, including those encoding glucosyltransferase (wabG), lactate dehydrogenase (ldhA), and pyruvate formate-lyase (pflB), were disrupted in K. pneumoniae to reduce both its pathogenic characteristics and the production of several by-products. In flask cultivation with minimal medium, the yield of 2,3-butanediol from rationally engineered K. pneumoniae (ΔwabG ΔldhA ΔpflB) reached 0.461 g/g glucose, which was 92.2% of the theoretical maximum, with a significant reduction in by-product formation. However, the growth rate of the pflB mutant was slightly reduced compared to that of its parental strain. Comparison with similar mutants of Escherichia coli suggested that the growth defect of pflB-deficient K. pneumoniae was caused by redox imbalance rather than reduced level of intracellular acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). From an analysis of the transcriptome, it was confirmed that the removal of pflB from K. pneumoniae significantly repressed the expression of genes involved in the formate hydrogen lyase (FHL) system.
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34
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Li Y, Liu L, Tian P. NAD(+)-independent aldehyde oxidase catalyzes cofactor balanced 3-hydroxypropionic acid production in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 36:2215-21. [PMID: 24980850 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The limiting step for biosynthesis of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) in Klebsiella pneumoniae is the conversion of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA) to 3-HP. This reaction is catalyzed by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) with NAD(+) as a cofactor. Although NAD(+)-dependent ALDH overexpression facilitates 3-HP biosynthesis, ALDH activity decreases and 3-HP stops accumulation when NAD(+) is exhausted. Here, we show that an NAD(+)-independent aldehyde oxidase (AOX) from Pseudomonas sp. AIU 362 holds promise for cofactor-balanced 3-HP production in K. pneumoniae. The AOX coding gene, alod, was heterologously expressed in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, and their respective crude cell extracts showed 38.1 U/mg and 16.6 U/mg activities toward propionaldehyde. The recombinant K. pneumoniae expressing alod showed 13.7 U/mg activity toward 3-HPA; K m and V max were 6.7 mM and 42 μM/min/mg, respectively. In shake-flask cultures, the recombinant K. pneumoniae strain produced 0.89 g 3-HP/l, twice that of the control. Moreover, it produced 3 g 3-HP/l during 24 h fed-batch cultivation in a 5 l bioreactor. The results indicate that AOX can efficiently convert 3-HPA into 3-HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
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35
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Sankaranarayanan M, Ashok S, Park S. Production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid from glycerol by acid tolerant Escherichia coli. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 41:1039-50. [PMID: 24788379 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The biological production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) has attracted significant attention because of its industrial importance. The low titer, yield and productivity, all of which are related directly or indirectly to the toxicity of 3-HP, have limited the commercial production of 3-HP. The aim of this study was to identify and select a 3-HP tolerant Escherichia coli strain among nine strains reported to produce various organic acids efficiently at high titer. When transformed with heterologous glycerol dehydratase, reactivase and aldehyde dehydrogenase, all nine E. coli strains produced 3-HP from glycerol but the level of 3-HP production, protein expression and activities of the important enzymes differed significantly according to the strain. Two E. coli strains, W3110 and W, showed higher levels of growth than the others in the presence of 25 g/L 3-HP. In the glycerol fed-batch bioreactor experiments, the recombinant E. coli W produced a high level of 3-HP at 460 ± 10 mM (41.5 ± 1.1 g/L) in 48 h with a yield of 31 % and a productivity of 0.86 ± 0.05 g/L h. In contrast, the recombinant E. coli W3110 produced only 180 ± 8.5 mM 3-HP (15.3 ± 0.8 g/L) in 48 h with a yield and productivity of 26 % and 0.36 ± 0.02 g/L h, respectively. This shows that the tolerance to and the production of 3-HP differ significantly among the well-known, similar strains of E. coli. The titer and productivity obtained with E. coli W were the highest reported thus far for the biological production of 3-HP from glycerol by E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugesh Sankaranarayanan
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 609-735, South Korea
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36
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Durgapal M, Kumar V, Yang TH, Lee HJ, Seung D, Park S. Production of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol using the newly isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae J2B. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 159:223-231. [PMID: 24657752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently, novel Klebsiella pneumoniae J2B, which grows rapidly on glycerol as the carbon source without forming pathogenic and sticky lipopolysaccharides, was isolated. Current study examined the ability of K. pneumoniae J2B to produce 1,3-propanediol (PDO) from glycerol. To this end, a deletion mutant for lactate formation was constructed. The ldhA mutant strain produced negligible lactate but more 2,3-butanediol (BDO). When K. pneumoniae ΔldhA was cultivated in glycerol fed-batch mode, the PDO titer of 58.0 g/L with a yield of 0.35 g/g and an overall volumetric productivity of 1.3g/L/h were obtained. BDO was the main byproduct (26.6g/L). Less than 10 g/L of the other metabolites was produced. As PDO and other metabolites accumulated, the rate of PDO production decreased significantly due mainly to the toxic effects of these metabolites. This study highlights the potential of newly isolated K. pneumoniae J2B for the production of PDO from glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meetu Durgapal
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Ho Yang
- R&D Center, GS Caltex Corporation, 104-4 Munji-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jong Lee
- R&D Center, GS Caltex Corporation, 104-4 Munji-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyoung Seung
- R&D Center, GS Caltex Corporation, 104-4 Munji-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Park
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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37
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2,3-Butanediol production from starch by engineered Klebsiella pneumoniae G31-A. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:2441-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Kumar V, Ashok S, Park S. Recent advances in biological production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:945-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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39
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Kumar V, Sankaranarayanan M, Durgapal M, Zhou S, Ko Y, Ashok S, Sarkar R, Park S. Simultaneous production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 1,3-propanediol from glycerol using resting cells of the lactate dehydrogenase-deficient recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae overexpressing an aldehyde dehydrogenase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 135:555-563. [PMID: 23228456 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the lactate dehydrogenase-deficient (ldhA(-)) recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae overexpressing an ALDH (KGSADH) was developed and the co-production of 3-HP and PDO from glycerol by this recombinant under resting cell conditions was examined. The new recombinant did not produce any appreciable lactate, which seriously inhibits the production of 3-HP and PDO. The final titers of 3-HP and PDO by the ldhA(-) recombinant strain at 60 h were 252.2 mM and 308.7 mM, respectively, which were improved by approximately 30% and 50%, respectively, compared to those by the counterpart recombinant strain, which was the wild type for ldhA. In addition, after deleting ldhA, the cumulative yield on glycerol and specific production rate of these two metabolites (3-HP and PDO) were enhanced by 41.4% and 52%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, South Korea
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40
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Valdehuesa KNG, Liu H, Nisola GM, Chung WJ, Lee SH, Park SJ. Recent advances in the metabolic engineering of microorganisms for the production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid as C3 platform chemical. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:3309-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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