Yi Y, Cui M, Song S, Zhang C, Mei J, Ying G. Genetic fusion of mussel foot protein to ZZ protein improves target detection in solid-phase immunoassays.
J Immunol Methods 2023;
516:113461. [PMID:
36963561 DOI:
10.1016/j.jim.2023.113461]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
In the process of a solid-phase immunoassay, the stability and binding orientation between the antibody and the solid matrix can substantially influence the results. ZZ protein is a modified peptide of the B domain of Staphylococcus aureus protein A, which can bind to the Fc fragment of an antibody. It is often used for oriented immobilization of antibodies during solid-phase immunoassay. However, the conjugate is often not retained during the process, for example during washing steps. The resulting low stability detracts from reproducibility and sensitivity. Mfp-5 protein comes from mussel, is one of the components of mussel foot silk protein, and has good adhesion and biocompatibility. In this paper, the fusion protein of ZZ and Mfp-5 was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli. In this method, the ZZ domain was firmly attached to the solid-phase support by Mfp-5, the directional fixation of IgG was realized by binding the ZZ protein to an Fc fragment, and then a Fab fragment was bound to the antigen to realize the solid-phase immunoassay. In addition, a protein adsorption assay confirmed that the adhesion of ZZ-Mfp-5 was significantly higher than that of ZZ protein, and the presence of Mfp-5 improved the ability of ZZ protein to capture antibodies. In conclusion, compared with the passively immobilized ZZ protein, the ZZ-Mfp-5 protein had stronger immobilization and antibody capture, a 10-fold increase in sensitivity and wider linear range, and better stability of detection. This may be an attractive strategy for solid-phase immunoassays or biosensing assays.
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