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Pentari C, Zerva A, Kosinas C, Karampa P, Puchart V, Dimarogona M, Topakas E. The role of CE16 exo-deacetylases in hemicellulolytic enzyme mixtures revealed by the biochemical and structural study of the novel TtCE16B esterase. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121667. [PMID: 38171682 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Acetyl esterases belonging to the carbohydrate esterase family 16 (CE16) is a growing group of enzymes, with exceptional diversity regarding substrate specificity and regioselectivity. However, further insight into the CE16 specificity is required for their efficient biotechnological exploitation. In this work, exo-deacetylase TtCE16B from Thermothelomyces thermophila was heterologously expressed and biochemically characterized. The esterase targets positions O-3 and O-4 of singly and doubly acetylated non-reducing-end xylopyranosyl residues, provided the presence of a free vicinal hydroxyl group at position O-4 and O-3, respectively. Crystal structure of TtCE16B, the first representative among the CE16 enzymes, in apo- and product-bound form, allowed the identification of residues forming the catalytic triad and oxyanion hole, as well as the structural elements related to the enzyme preference for oligomers. The role of TtCE16B in hemicellulose degradation was investigated on acetylated xylan from birchwood and pre-treated beechwood biomass. TtCE16B exhibited complementary activity to commercially available OCE6 acetylxylan esterase. Moreover, it showed synergistic effects with SrXyl43 β-xylosidase. Overall, supplementation of xylan-targeting enzymatic mixtures with both TtCE16B and OCE6 esterases led to a 3-fold or 4-fold increase in xylose release, when using TmXyn10 and TtXyn30A xylanases respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pentari
- Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Zerva
- Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Kosinas
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiota Karampa
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Vladimír Puchart
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Maria Dimarogona
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
| | - Evangelos Topakas
- Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Carbohydrate esterase family 16 contains fungal hemicellulose acetyl esterases (HAEs) with varying specificity. N Biotechnol 2022; 70:28-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Urbániková Ľ. CE16 acetylesterases: in silico analysis, catalytic machinery prediction and comparison with related SGNH hydrolases. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:84. [PMID: 33505839 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02575-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinformatics analysis was focused on unique acetylesterases annotated in the CAZy database within the CE16 family and simultaneously belonging to the SGNH hydrolase superfamily. The CE16 acetylesterases were compared to structurally related SGNH hydrolases: (i) selected members of the CE2, CE3, CE6, CE12 and CE17 family of the CAZy database and (ii) structural representatives of the Lipase_GDSL and Lipase_GDSL_2 families according to the Pfam database. Sequence alignment based on four conserved sequence regions (CSRs) containing active-site residues was used to calculate sequence logos specific for each CE family and to construct a phylogenetic tree. In many members of the CE16 family, aspartic acid from the Ser-His-Asp catalytic triad has been replaced by asparagine, and based on structure-sequence comparison, an alternative catalytic dyad mechanism was predicted for these enzymes. In addition to four conserved regions, CSR-I, CSR-II, CSR-III and CSR-V, containing catalytic and oxyanion-hole residues, CSR-IV was found in the CE16 family as the only CAZy family. Tertiary structures of the characterized CE16 members prepared by homology modeling showed that the α/β/α sandwich fold as well as the topology of their active sites are preserved. The phylogenetic tree and sequence alignment indicate the existence of a subfamily in the CE16 family fully consistent with the known biochemical data. In addition, nonstandard CE16 members that differ from others were analyzed and their active-site residues were predicted. A better understanding of the structure-function relationship of acetylesterases can help in the targeted design of these enzymes for biotechnology. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02575-w.
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He Z, Chen H, Liang L, Dong J, Liang Z, Zhao L. Alteration of crop rotation in continuous
Pinellia ternate
cropping soils profiled via fungal ITS amplicon sequencing. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 68:522-529. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. He
- College of Life Sciences Northwest A & F University Yangling China
- Institute of Food Science and Biological Engineering Guilin Tourism University Guilin China
| | - H. Chen
- School of Life Sciences Zhejiang Sci‐Tech University Hangzhou China
| | - L. Liang
- College of Landscape Architecture Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University Hangzhou 311300 China
| | - J. Dong
- College of Life Sciences Northwest A & F University Yangling China
| | - Z. Liang
- College of Life Sciences Northwest A & F University Yangling China
- School of Life Sciences Zhejiang Sci‐Tech University Hangzhou China
| | - L. Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University Hangzhou 311300 China
- Department of Liquor Making Engineering Moutai College Renhuai China
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Razeq FM, Jurak E, Stogios PJ, Yan R, Tenkanen M, Kabel MA, Wang W, Master ER. A novel acetyl xylan esterase enabling complete deacetylation of substituted xylans. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:74. [PMID: 29588659 PMCID: PMC5863359 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetylated 4-O-(methyl)glucuronoxylan (GX) is the main hemicellulose in deciduous hardwood, and comprises a β-(1→4)-linked xylopyranosyl (Xylp) backbone substituted by both acetyl groups and α-(1→2)-linked 4-O-methylglucopyranosyluronic acid (MeGlcpA). Whereas enzymes that target singly acetylated Xylp or doubly 2,3-O-acetyl-Xylp have been well characterized, those targeting (2-O-MeGlcpA)3-O-acetyl-Xylp structures in glucuronoxylan have remained elusive. RESULTS An unclassified carbohydrate esterase (FjoAcXE) was identified as a protein of unknown function from a polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) otherwise comprising carbohydrate-active enzyme families known to target xylan. FjoAcXE was shown to efficiently release acetyl groups from internal (2-O-MeGlcpA)3-O-acetyl-Xylp structures, an activity that has been sought after but lacking in known carbohydrate esterases. FjoAcXE action boosted the activity of α-glucuronidases from families GH67 and GH115 by five and nine times, respectively. Moreover, FjoAcXE activity was not only restricted to GX, but also deacetylated (3-O-Araf)2-O-acetyl-Xylp of feruloylated xylooligomers, confirming the broad substrate range of this new carbohydrate esterase. CONCLUSION This study reports the discovery and characterization of the novel carbohydrate esterase, FjoAcXE. In addition to cleaving singly acetylated Xylp, and doubly 2,3-O-acetyl-Xylp, FjoAcXE efficiently cleaves internal 3-O-acetyl-Xylp linkages in (2-O-MeGlcpA)3-O-acetyl-Xylp residues along with densely substituted and branched xylooligomers; activities that until now were missing from the arsenal of enzymes required for xylan conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhria M. Razeq
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5 Canada
| | - Edita Jurak
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 00076 Aalto Espoo, Finland
| | - Peter J. Stogios
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5 Canada
| | - Ruoyu Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5 Canada
| | - Maija Tenkanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mirjam A. Kabel
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5 Canada
| | - Emma R. Master
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5 Canada
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 00076 Aalto Espoo, Finland
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Nagao T, Kumabe A, Komatsu F, Yagi H, Suzuki H, Ohshiro T. Gene identification and characterization of fucoidan deacetylase for potential application to fucoidan degradation and diversification. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 124:277-282. [PMID: 28442389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidan is an α-l-fucopyranosyl polymer found in seaweeds with forms that have acetyl and sulfuric modifications and derivatives that are lower and/or diversified, with modifications that have attracted interest as potential bioactive substances. We identified the gene for a fucoidan deacetylase that cleaves acetyl moieties from fucoidan and thereby contributes to fucoidan utilization in the marine bacterium Luteolibacter algae H18. Fucoidan deacetylase was purified to homogeneity from a cell-free extract of L. algae H18, and used to determine the internal amino acid sequence and identify the gene, fud, in a draft genome sequence of the H18 strain. The gene product was heterologously produced in Escherichia coli and was demonstrated to catalyze fucoidan deacetylation, but not desulfation, and degradation into lower forms. In addition to fucoidan deacetylation, the enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl esters with organic acids, and p-nitrophenyl acetate was the best substrate among those tested. The present study provides a new tool for fucoidan degradation, potentially expanding investigations on fucoidan derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Nagao
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan; FUKAEKASEI Co., Ltd., 2-2-7 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2241, Japan
| | - Ayako Kumabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Fumika Komatsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yagi
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohshiro
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
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Mäkelä MR, Bouzid O, Robl D, Post H, Peng M, Heck A, Altelaar M, de Vries RP. Cultivation of Podospora anserina on soybean hulls results in an efficient enzyme cocktail for plant biomass hydrolysis. N Biotechnol 2017; 37:162-171. [PMID: 28188936 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The coprophilic ascomycete fungus Podospora anserina was cultivated on three different plant biomasses, i.e. cotton seed hulls (CSH), soybean hulls (SBH) and acid-pretreated wheat straw (WS) for four days, and the potential of the produced enzyme mixtures was compared in the enzymatic saccharification of the corresponding lignocellulose feedstocks. The enzyme cocktail P. anserina produced after three days of growth on SBH showed superior capacity to release reducing sugars from all tested plant biomass feedstocks compared to the enzyme mixtures from CSH and WS cultures. Detailed proteomics analysis of the culture supernatants revealed that SBH contained the most diverse set of enzymes targeted on plant cell wall polymers and was particularly abundant in xylan, mannan and pectin acting enzymes. The importance of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) in plant biomass deconstruction was supported by identification of 20 out of 33 AA9 LPMOs in the SBH cultures. The results highlight the suitability of P. anserina as a source of plant cell wall degrading enzymes for biotechnological applications and the importance of selecting the most optimal substrate for the production of enzyme mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miia R Mäkelä
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 56, Viikinkaari 9, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Finland
| | - Ourdia Bouzid
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Microbiology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 Ch Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Diogo Robl
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Brazilian Laboratory of Science and Technology of Bioethanol, Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10.000, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Harm Post
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecules Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mao Peng
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecules Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecules Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald P de Vries
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Microbiology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 Ch Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Mai-Gisondi G, Maaheimo H, Chong SL, Hinz S, Tenkanen M, Master E. Functional comparison of versatile carbohydrate esterases from families CE1, CE6 and CE16 on acetyl-4-O-methylglucuronoxylan and acetyl-galactoglucomannan. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:2398-2405. [PMID: 28591625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The backbone structure of many hemicelluloses is acetylated, which presents a challenge when the objective is to convert corresponding polysaccharides to fermentable sugars or else recover hemicelluloses for biomaterial applications. Carbohydrate esterases (CE) can be harnessed to overcome these challenges. METHODS Enzymes from different CE families, AnAcXE (CE1), OsAcXE (CE6), and MtAcE (CE16) were compared based on action and position preference towards acetyl-4-O-methylglucuronoxylan (MGX) and acetyl-galactoglucomannan (GGM). To determine corresponding positional preferences, the relative rate of acetyl group released by each enzyme was analyzed by real time 1H NMR. RESULTS AnAcXE (CE1) showed lowest specific activity towards MGX, where OsAcXE (CE6) and MtAcE were approximately four times more active than AnAcXE (CE1). MtAcE (CE16) was further distinguished by demonstrating 100 times higher activity on GGM compared to AnAcXE (CE1) and OsAcXE (CE6), and five times higher activity on GGM than MGX. Following 24h incubation, all enzymes removed between 78 and 93% of total acetyl content from MGX and GGM, where MtAcE performed best on both substrates. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Considering action on MGX, all esterases showed preference for doubly substituted xylopyranosyl residues (2,3-O-acetyl-Xylp). Considering action on GGM, OsAcXE (CE6) preferentially targeted 2-O-acetyl-mannopyranosyl residues (2-O-acetyl-Manp) whereas AnAcXE (CE1) demonstrated highest activity towards 3-O-acetyl-Manp positions; regiopreference of MtAcE (CE16) on GGM was less clear. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The current comparative analysis identifies options to control the position of acetyl group release at initial stages of reaction, and enzyme combinations likely to accelerate deacetylation of major hemicellulose sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Mai-Gisondi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Hannu Maaheimo
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sun-Li Chong
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 11, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sandra Hinz
- DuPont Industrial Biosciences, Nieuwe Kanaal 7-S, 6709 PA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maija Tenkanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 11, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma Master
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.
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Liu S, Ding S. Replacement of carbohydrate binding modules improves acetyl xylan esterase activity and its synergistic hydrolysis of different substrates with xylanase. BMC Biotechnol 2016; 16:73. [PMID: 27770795 PMCID: PMC5075172 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-016-0305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetylation of the xylan backbone was a major obstacle to enzymatic decomposition. Removal of acetyl groups by acetyl xylan esterases (AXEs) is essential for completely enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan. Appended carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) can promote the enzymatic deconstruction of plant cell walls by targeting and proximity effects. Fungal acetyl xylan esterases are strictly appended to cellulose-specific CBM1. It is still unclear whether xylan-specific CBMs have a greater advantage than CBM1 in potentiating the activity of fungal deacetylating enzymes and its synergistic hydrolysis of different substrates with xylanase. RESULTS Three recombinant AXE1s fused with different xylan-specific CBMs, together with wild-type AXE1 with CBM1 and CBM1-deleted mutant AXE1dC, were constructed in this study. The optimal temperature and pH of recombinant AXE1s was 50 °C and 8.0 (except AXE1dC-CBM6), respectively. Cellulose-specific CBM1 in AXE1 obviously contributed to its catalytic action against substrates compared with AXE1dC. However, replacement of CBM1 with xylan-specific CBM4-2 significantly enhanced AXE1 thermostability and catalytic activity against soluble substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate. Whereas replacements with xylan-specific CBM6 and CBM22-2 were more effective in enzymatic release of acetic acid from destarched wheat bran, NaClO2-treated wheat straw, and water-insoluble wheat arabinoxylan compared to AXE1. Moreover, replacement with CBM6 and CBM22-2 also resulted in higher degree releases of reducing sugar and acetic acid from different substrates when simultaneous hydrolysis with xylanase. A good linear relationship exists between the acetic acid and reducing sugar release. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that the replacement with CBM6 and CBM22-2 not only significantly improved the catalysis efficiency of AXE1, but also increased its synergistic hydrolysis of different substrates with xylanase, indicating the significance of targeting effect in AXE1 catalysis mediated by xylan-specific CBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiping Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaojun Ding
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
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Towards enzymatic breakdown of complex plant xylan structures: State of the art. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1260-1274. [PMID: 27620948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Significant progress over the past few years has been achieved in the enzymology of microbial degradation and saccharification of plant xylan, after cellulose being the most abundant natural renewable polysaccharide. Several new types of xylan depolymerizing and debranching enzymes have been described in microorganisms. Despite the increasing variety of known glycoside hydrolases and carbohydrate esterases, some xylan structures still appear quite recalcitrant. This review focuses on the mode of action of different types of depolymerizing endoxylanases and their cooperation with β-xylosidase and accessory enzymes in breakdown of complex highly branched xylan structures. Emphasis is placed on the enzymatic hydrolysis of alkali-extracted deesterified polysaccharide as well as acetylated xylan isolated from plant cell walls under non-alkaline conditions. It is also shown how the combination of selected endoxylanases and debranching enzymes can determine the nature of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides or lead to complete hydrolysis of the polysaccharide. The article also highlights the possibility for discovery of novel xylanolytic enzymes, construction of multifunctional chimeric enzymes and xylanosomes in parallel with increasing knowledge on the fine structure of the polysaccharide.
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Comparison of fungal carbohydrate esterases of family CE16 on artificial and natural substrates. J Biotechnol 2016; 233:228-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Koutaniemi S, Tenkanen M. Action of three GH51 and one GH54 α-arabinofuranosidases on internally and terminally located arabinofuranosyl branches. J Biotechnol 2016; 229:22-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Couturier M, Tangthirasunun N, Ning X, Brun S, Gautier V, Bennati-Granier C, Silar P, Berrin JG. Plant biomass degrading ability of the coprophilic ascomycete fungus Podospora anserina. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:976-983. [PMID: 27263000 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The degradation of plant biomass is a major challenge towards the production of bio-based compounds and materials. As key lignocellulolytic enzyme producers, filamentous fungi represent a promising reservoir to tackle this challenge. Among them, the coprophilous ascomycete Podospora anserina has been used as a model organism to study various biological mechanisms because its genetics are well understood and controlled. In 2008, the sequencing of its genome revealed a great diversity of enzymes targeting plant carbohydrates and lignin. Since then, a large array of lignocellulose-acting enzymes has been characterized and genetic analyses have enabled the understanding of P. anserina metabolism and development on plant biomass. Overall, these research efforts shed light on P. anserina strategy to unlock recalcitrant lignocellulose deconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Couturier
- INRA, Aix Marseille Université, Polytech Marseille, UMR 1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, F-13288 Marseille, France
| | - Narumon Tangthirasunun
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Université Paris Diderot, 35, rue Hélène Brion, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Xie Ning
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Université Paris Diderot, 35, rue Hélène Brion, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Brun
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Université Paris Diderot, 35, rue Hélène Brion, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Valérie Gautier
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Université Paris Diderot, 35, rue Hélène Brion, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Chloé Bennati-Granier
- INRA, Aix Marseille Université, Polytech Marseille, UMR 1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, F-13288 Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Silar
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Université Paris Diderot, 35, rue Hélène Brion, F-75205 Paris, France.
| | - Jean-Guy Berrin
- INRA, Aix Marseille Université, Polytech Marseille, UMR 1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, F-13288 Marseille, France.
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