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Semerád J, Lhotský O, Filipová A, Urban O, Šírová K, Boháčková J, Komárek M, Cajthaml T. Remedial trial of sequential anoxic/oxic chemico-biological treatment for decontamination of extreme hexachlorocyclohexane concentrations in polluted soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130199. [PMID: 36279651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During production of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH), thousands of tons of other isomers were synthesized as byproducts, and after dumping represent sources of contamination for the environment. Several microbes have the potential for aerobic and anaerobic degradation of HCHs, and zero-valent iron is an effective remediation agent for abiotic dechlorination of HCHs, whereas the combination of the processes has not yet been explored. In this study, a sequence of anoxic/oxic chemico-biological treatments for the degradation of HCHs in a real extremely contaminated soil (10-30 g/kg) was applied. Approximately 1500 kg of the soil was employed, and various combinations of reducing and oxygen-releasing chemicals were used for setting up the aerobic and anaerobic phases. The best results were obtained with mZVI/nZVI, grass cuttings, and oxygen-releasing compounds. In this case, 80 % removal of HCHs was achieved in 129 days, and 98 % degradation was achieved after 1106 days. The analysis of HCHs and their transformation products proved active degradation when slight accumulation of the transformation product during the anaerobic phase was followed by aerobic degradation. The results document that switching between aerobic and anaerobic phases, together with the addition of grass, also created suitable conditions for the biodegradation of HCHs and monochlorobenzene/benzene by microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Lhotský
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Dekonta a.s., Dřetovice 109, CZ-27342 Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Filipová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Urban
- Dekonta a.s., Dřetovice 109, CZ-27342 Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Šírová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Boháčková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Komárek
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague - Suchdol, CZ-165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Reischer M, Christensen AG, Weber K, Tobler DJ, Dideriksen K. A novel, direct-push approach for detecting sulfidated nanoparticulate zero valent iron (S-nZVI) in sediments using reactive and non-reactive fluorophores. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2021; 243:103896. [PMID: 34695716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Injection of microparticulate and nanoparticulate zero valent iron has become a regularly used method for groundwater remediation. Because of subsurface inhomogeneities, however, it is complicated to predict the ZVI transport in the subsurface, meaning that tools capable of determining its distribution after injection are highly useful. Here, we have developed a new direct-push based technique, which combines fluorescent and visible imaging, for detection of sulfidized nanoparticulate zero valent iron (S-nZVI) in the subsurface. Laboratory experiments show that the redox sensitive fluorophore riboflavin is rapidly reduced by S-nZVI within 200 s. Because the reduced riboflavin losses its green fluorescence, it can be used as S-nZVI sensitive indicator. Secondly, S-nZVI is black and tints light coloured sediment to a degree that allows detection in images. For quartz sand, 70 mg/kg of S-nZVI can be detected by visible imaging. Based on these results, a new direct-push probe (Dye-OIP) was designed based on Geoprobe's Optical Image Profiler (OIP), which was equipped with a fluorophore injection port below the OIP-unit. The injectant consisted of the redox active riboflavin mixed with the redox inactive fluorophore rhodamine WT, which fluoresces red and was used to verify that the mixture was indeed injected and detectable. Small scale experiments show that the fluorescence of this mixture in S-nZVI amended sand changes within 150 s from green with a hue of ~50 to red with a hue of ~30 when imaged with Dye-OIP. Tests of the Dye-OIP after a S-nZVI injection in a 1 m3 sized tank show that the tool could detect S-nZVI via fluorescence and visible imaging, when S-nZVI concentration was >0.2 mg per g dry sediment. Thus, these novel methods should be able to detect S-nZVI in the subsurface, without relying on infrastructure such as wells. Based on our results, the Dye-OIP could be further improved to make it suitable for regular use in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Reischer
- Nano-Science Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; NIRAS A/S, Sortemosevej 19, 3450 Allerød, Denmark.
| | | | - Klaus Weber
- NIRAS A/S, Sortemosevej 19, 3450 Allerød, Denmark.
| | - Dominique J Tobler
- Nano-Science Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Knud Dideriksen
- Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland (GEUS), Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Marcon L, Oliveras J, Puntes VF. In situ nanoremediation of soils and groundwaters from the nanoparticle's standpoint: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:148324. [PMID: 34412401 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic pollution coming from industrial processes, agricultural practices and consumer products, results in the release of toxic substances into rural and urban environments. Once released, these chemicals migrate through the atmosphere and water, and find their way into matrices such as sediments and groundwaters, thus making large areas potentially uninhabitable. Common pollutants, including heavy metal(loid)s, radionuclides, aliphatic hydrocarbons and halogenated organics, are known to adversely affect physiological systems in animal species. Pollution can be cleaned up using techniques such as coagulation, reverse osmosis, oxidation and biological methods, among others. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) extends the range of available technologies and offers particular benefits, not only by degrading, transforming and immobilizing contaminants, but also by reaching inaccessible areas and promoting biotic degradation. The development of NPs is understandably heralded as an environmentally beneficial technology; however, it is only now that the ecological risks associated with their use are being evaluated. This review presents recent developments in the use of engineered NPs for the in situ remediation of two paramount environmental matrices: soils and groundwaters. Emphasis will be placed on (i) the successful applications of nano-objects for environmental cleanup, (ii) the potential safety implications caused by the challenging requirements of [high reactivity toward pollutants] vs. [none reactivity toward biota], with a thorough view on their transport and evolution in the matrix, and (iii) the perspectives on scientific and regulatory challenges. To this end, the most promising nanomaterials will be considered, including nanoscale zerovalent iron, nano-oxides and carbonaceous materials. The purpose of the present review is to give an overview of the development of nanoremediators since they appeared in the 2000s, from their chemical modifications, mechanism of action and environmental behavior to an understanding of the problematics (technical limitations, economic constraints and institutional precautionary approaches) that will drive their future full-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Marcon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM) USR CNRS 3579, Observatoire Océanologique, F-66650 Banyuls/Mer, France; Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement, 66860 Perpignan, France.
| | - Jana Oliveras
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Campus UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Víctor F Puntes
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Campus UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Edificio Mediterránea, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Semerád J, Ševců A, Nguyen NHA, Hrabák P, Špánek R, Bobčíková K, Pospíšková K, Filip J, Medřík I, Kašlík J, Šafařík I, Filipová A, Nosek J, Pivokonský M, Cajthaml T. Discovering the potential of an nZVI-biochar composite as a material for the nanobioremediation of chlorinated solvents in groundwater: Degradation efficiency and effect on resident microorganisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130915. [PMID: 34029963 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic remediation of chlorinated ethenes (CEs) in groundwater from a real contaminated site was studied using biochar-based composites containing nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI/BC) and natural resident microbes/specific CE degraders supported by a whey addition. The material represented by the biochar matrix decorated by isolated iron nanoparticles or their aggregates, along with the added whey, was capable of a stepwise dechlorination of CEs. The tested materials (nZVI/BC and BC) were able to decrease the original TCE concentration by 99% in 30 days. Nevertheless, regarding the transformation products, it was clear that biotic as well as abiotic transformation mechanisms were involved in the transformation process when nonchlorinated volatiles (i.e., methane, ethane, ethene, and acetylene) were detected after the application of nZVI/BC and nZVI/BC with whey. The whey addition caused a massive increase in bacterial biomass in the groundwater samples (monitored by 16S rRNA sequencing and qPCR) that corresponded with the transformation of trichloro- and dichloro-CEs, and this process was accompanied by the formation of less chlorinated products. Moreover, the biostimulation step also eliminated the adverse effect caused by nZVI/BC (decrease in microbial biomass after nZVI/BC addition). The nZVI/BC material or its aging products, and probably together with vinyl chloride-respiring bacteria, were able to continue the further reductive dechlorination of dichlorinated CEs into nonhalogenated volatiles. Overall, the results of the present study demonstrate the potential, feasibility, and environmental safety of this nanobioremediation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Ševců
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - Nhung H A Nguyen
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hrabák
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Špánek
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Bobčíková
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Pospíšková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Filip
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Medřík
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Kašlík
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Šafařík
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Nanobiotechnology, Biology Centre, ISB, CAS, Na Sadkach 7, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Filipová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Nosek
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pivokonský
- Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Patankou 30/5, CZ-166 12, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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In Vitro Study of the Toxicity Mechanisms of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) and Released Iron Ions Using Earthworm Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10112189. [PMID: 33153039 PMCID: PMC7692149 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
During the last two decades, nanomaterials based on nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) have ranked among the most utilized remediation technologies for soil and groundwater cleanup. The high reduction capacity of elemental iron (Fe0) allows for the rapid and cost-efficient degradation or transformation of many organic and inorganic pollutants. Although worldwide real and pilot applications show promising results, the effects of nZVI on exposed living organisms are still not well explored. The majority of the recent studies examined toxicity to microbes and to a lesser extent to other organisms that could also be exposed to nZVI via nanoremediation applications. In this work, a novel approach using amoebocytes, the immune effector cells of the earthworm Eisenia andrei, was applied to study the toxicity mechanisms of nZVI. The toxicity of the dissolved iron released during exposure was studied to evaluate the effect of nZVI aging with regard to toxicity and to assess the true environmental risks. The impact of nZVI and associated iron ions was studied in vitro on the subcellular level using different toxicological approaches, such as short-term immunological responses and oxidative stress. The results revealed an increase in reactive oxygen species production following nZVI exposure, as well as a dose-dependent increase in lipid peroxidation. Programmed cell death (apoptosis) and necrosis were detected upon exposure to ferric and ferrous ions, although no lethal effects were observed at environmentally relevant nZVI concentrations. The decreased phagocytic activity further confirmed sublethal adverse effects, even after short-term exposure to ferric and ferrous iron. Detection of sublethal effects, including changes in oxidative stress-related markers such as reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production revealed that nZVI had minimal impacts on exposed earthworm cells. In comparison to other works, this study provides more details regarding the effects of the individual iron forms associated with nZVI aging and the cell toxicity effects on the specific earthworms' immune cells that represent a suitable model for nanomaterial testing.
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Fajardo C, Sánchez-Fortún S, Costa G, Nande M, Botías P, García-Cantalejo J, Mengs G, Martín M. Evaluation of nanoremediation strategy in a Pb, Zn and Cd contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:136041. [PMID: 31855644 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We addressed the efficiency of a nanoremediation strategy using zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI), in a case of co-mingled heavy metals (HM) pollution (Pb, Cd and Zn). We applied a combined set of physical-chemical, toxicological and molecular analyses to assess the effectiveness and ecosafety of nZVI (5% w/w) for environmental restoration. After 120 days, nZVI showed immobilization capacity for Pb (20%), it was scarcely effective for Zn (8%) and negligibly effective for Cd. The HMs immobilization in the nZVI treated soils (compared to control soil), reaches its maximum after 15 days (T3) as reflected in the decrease of HM toxicity towards V. fischeri. The overall abundance of the microbial community was similar in both sets of samples during all experiment, although an increase in the number of metabolically active bacteria was recorded 15 days post treatment. We studied the induced impact of nanoremediation on the soil microbial community structure by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Even when higher HM immobilization was recorded, no significant recovery of the microbial community structure was found in nZVI-treated soil. The most marked nZVI-induced structural shifts were observed at T3 (increase in the Firmicutes population with a decrease in Gram-negative bacteria). Predictive metagenomic analysis using PICRUSt showed differences among the predicted metagenomes of nZVI-treated and control soils. At T3 we found decrease in detoxification-related proteins or over-representation of germination-related proteins; after 120 days of nZVI exposure, higher abundance of proteins involved in regulation of cellular processes or sporulation-related proteins was detected. This study highlights the partial effectiveness of nanoremediation in multiple-metal contaminated soil in the short term. The apparent lack of recovery of biodiversity after application of nZVI and the decreased effectiveness of nanoremediation over time must be carefully considered to validate this technology when assurance of medium- to long-term immobilization of HMs is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fajardo
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | | | - Gonzalo Costa
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Nande
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Botías
- Unidad de Genómica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gerardo Mengs
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Martín
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Semerád J, Moeder M, Filip J, Pivokonský M, Filipová A, Cajthaml T. Oxidative stress in microbes after exposure to iron nanoparticles: analysis of aldehydes as oxidative damage products of lipids and proteins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:33670-33682. [PMID: 31591687 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06370-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to their enhanced reactivity, metal and metal-oxide nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) nanomaterials have been introduced into remediation practice. To ensure that environmental applications of nanomaterials are safe, their possible toxic effects should be described. However, there is still a lack of suitable toxicity tests that address the specific mode of action of nanoparticles, especially for nZVI. This contribution presents a novel approach for monitoring one of the most discussed adverse effects of nanoparticles, i.e., oxidative stress (OS). We optimized and developed an assay based on headspace-SPME-GC-MS analysis that enables the direct determination of volatile oxidative damage products (aldehydes) of lipids and proteins in microbial cultures after exposure to commercial types of nZVI. The method employs PDMS/DVB SPME fibers and pentafluorobenzyl derivatization, and the protocol was successfully tested using representatives of bacteria, fungi, and algae. Six aldehydes, namely, formaldehyde, acrolein, methional, benzaldehyde, glyoxal, and methylglyoxal, were detected in the cultures, and all of them exhibited dose-dependent sigmoidal responses. The presence of methional, which was detected in all cultures except those including an algal strain, documents that nZVI also caused oxidative damage to proteins in addition to lipids. The most sensitive toward nZVI exposure in terms of aldehyde production was the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which had an EC50 value of 0.08 g/L nZVI. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to document the production of aldehydes resulting from lipids and proteins as a result of OS in microorganisms from different kingdoms after exposure to iron nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Moeder
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz-Center for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Filip
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pivokonský
- Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Patankou 30/5, CZ-166 12, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Filipová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Vanzetto GV, Thomé A. Bibliometric study of the toxicology of nanoescale zero valent iron used in soil remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:74-83. [PMID: 31146240 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron is one of the most widely used remediation technologies; however, the potential environmental risks of this technology are largely unknown. In order to broaden the knowledge on this subject, the present work consists of a bibliometric study of all of publications related to the toxicity of zero-valent iron nanoparticles used in soil remediation available from the Scopus (Elsevier) and Web of Science (Thompson Reuters) databases. This study presents a temporal distribution of the publications, the most cited articles, the authors who have made the greatest contribution to the theme, and the institutions, countries, and scientific journals that have published the most on this subject. The use of bibliometrics has allowed for the visualization of a panorama of the publications, providing an appropriate analysis to guide new research towards an effective contribution to science by filling the existing gaps. In particular, the lack of studies in several countries reveals a promising area for the development of further research on this topic.
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Biswas B, Warr LN, Hilder EF, Goswami N, Rahman MM, Churchman JG, Vasilev K, Pan G, Naidu R. Biocompatible functionalisation of nanoclays for improved environmental remediation. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:3740-3770. [PMID: 31206104 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs01019f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Among the wide range of materials used for remediating environmental contaminants, modified and functionalised nanoclays show particular promise as advanced sorbents, improved dispersants, or biodegradation enhancers. However, many chemically modified nanoclay materials are incompatible with living organisms when they are used in natural systems with detrimental implications for ecosystem recovery. Here we critically review the pros and cons of functionalised nanoclays and provide new perspectives on the synthesis of environmentally friendly varieties. Particular focus is given to finding alternatives to conventional surfactants used in modified nanoclay products, and to exploring strategies in synthesising nanoclay-supported metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. A large number of promising nanoclay-based sorbents are yet to satisfy environmental biocompatibility in situ but opportunities are there to tailor them to produce "biocompatible" or regenerative/reusable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhabananda Biswas
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia. and Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ACT building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Laurence N Warr
- Institute for Geography and Geology, University of Greifswald, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Emily F Hilder
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Nirmal Goswami
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Mohammad M Rahman
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ACT building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. and Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Jock G Churchman
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Gang Pan
- Centre of Integrated Water-Energy-Food Studies, School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Southwell, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ACT building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. and Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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Gómez-Sagasti MT, Epelde L, Anza M, Urra J, Alkorta I, Garbisu C. The impact of nanoscale zero-valent iron particles on soil microbial communities is soil dependent. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 364:591-599. [PMID: 30390579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron particles (nZVI) for the remediation of contaminated sites is very promising. However, information concerning the ecotoxicity of nZVI on soil microbial communities and, hence, soil quality, is still scarce. We carried out a three-month experiment to evaluate the impact of the application of different concentrations of nZVI (from 1 to 20 mg g DW soil-1) on soil microbial properties in a clay-loam versus a sandy-loam soil. Data on microbial biomass (total bacteria and fungi by qPCR, microbial biomass carbon), activity (β-glucosidase, arylsulphatase and urease activities), and functional (Biolog Ecoplates™) and structural (ARISA, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing) diversity evidenced that the sandy-loam soil was more vulnerable to the presence of nZVI than the clay-loam soil. In the sandy-loam soil, arylsulphatase activity and bacterial abundance, richness and diversity were susceptible to the presence of nZVI. The high content of clay and organic matter present in the clay-loam soil may explain the observed negligible effects of nZVI on soil microbial properties. It was concluded that the impact of nZVI on soil microbial communities and, hence, soil quality, is soil dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- María T Gómez-Sagasti
- Department of Plan Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Lur Epelde
- NEIKER-Tecnalia, Department of Conservation of Natural Resources, Soil Microbial Ecology Group, c/Berreaga 1, E-48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Mikel Anza
- NEIKER-Tecnalia, Department of Conservation of Natural Resources, Soil Microbial Ecology Group, c/Berreaga 1, E-48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Julen Urra
- NEIKER-Tecnalia, Department of Conservation of Natural Resources, Soil Microbial Ecology Group, c/Berreaga 1, E-48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Itziar Alkorta
- Instituto BIOFISIKA (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Carlos Garbisu
- NEIKER-Tecnalia, Department of Conservation of Natural Resources, Soil Microbial Ecology Group, c/Berreaga 1, E-48160 Derio, Spain.
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Fajardo C, García-Cantalejo J, Botías P, Costa G, Nande M, Martin M. New insights into the impact of nZVI on soil microbial biodiversity and functionality. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 54:157-167. [PMID: 30588856 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1535159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is a strong reducing agent used for in situ remediation of soil. The impacts of nZVI (5-10% w/w) on the soil microbial biodiversity and functionality of two soils (Lufa 2.2 and 2.4) were assessed. Illumina MiSeq technology was used to evaluate the structure of soil microbiomes after 21 days of exposure. Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the most abundant phyla in both soils. However, the dynamics of bacterial community composition following nZVI addition differed. nZVI exposure induced pronounced shifts in the microbial composition of soil 2.4, but not in soil 2.2; an increase in Verrucomicrobia abundance was the unique common taxonomic pattern observed in both soils. The PICRUSt approach was applied to predict the functional composition of each metagenome. Environmental information processing function (membrane transport) was decreased in both nZVI-spiked soils, although soil 2.4 samples were enriched in functions involved in cellular processes and metabolism. The effects of nZVI on autochthonous bacterial communities clearly varied with the soil type assessed; changes at the phylogenetic level appeared to be more abundant than those observed at the functional level, and thus, the overall effort of the soil ecosystem might involve the maintenance of functionality following nZVI exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fajardo
- a Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad de Alcalá , Alcalá de Henares , Madrid , Spain
| | - Jesús García-Cantalejo
- b Genomics Facility , Universidad Complutense, Parque Científico (UCM-PCM) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Pedro Botías
- b Genomics Facility , Universidad Complutense, Parque Científico (UCM-PCM) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Gonzalo Costa
- c Facultad de Veterinaria , Universidad Complutense , Madrid , Spain
| | - Mar Nande
- c Facultad de Veterinaria , Universidad Complutense , Madrid , Spain
| | - Margarita Martin
- c Facultad de Veterinaria , Universidad Complutense , Madrid , Spain
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Semerád J, Čvančarová M, Filip J, Kašlík J, Zlotá J, Soukupová J, Cajthaml T. Novel assay for the toxicity evaluation of nanoscale zero-valent iron and derived nanomaterials based on lipid peroxidation in bacterial species. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:568-577. [PMID: 30268053 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nano-scale zero-valent iron (nZVI) began attracting research attention in remediation practice in recent decades as a prospective nanomaterial applicable to various contaminated matrices. Despite concerns about the negative effects of nanomaterials on ecosystems, the number of reliable toxicity tests is limited. We have developed a test based on the evaluation of oxidative stress (OS). The test employed the analysis of a typical OS marker (malondialdehyde, MDA), after exposure of six bacterial strains to the tested nanomaterial. We also attempted to use other OS and cell membrane damage assays, including the determination of glutathione and lactate dehydrogenase, respectively. However, we found that the components of these assays interfered with nZVI; therefore, these tests were not applicable. The MDA assay was tested using nZVI and three newly engineered oxide shell nZVI materials with different oxide thicknesses. Six different bacterial species were employed, and the results showed that the test was fully applicable for the concentrations of nanomaterials used in remediation practice (0.1-10 g/L). MDA was produced in a dose-response manner, and the bacteria showed a similar response toward pure pyrophoric nZVI, reaching EC50 values of 0.3-1.1 g/L. We observed different responses in the absolute production of MDA; however, the MDA concentrations were correlated with the cell membrane surfaces of the individual strains (R > 0.75; P < 0.09). Additionally, the EC50 values correlated with the thickness of the oxide shells (except for Escherichia coli: R > 0.95; P < 0.05), documenting the reliability of the assay, where reactivity was confirmed to be an important factor for reactive oxygen species production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Čvančarová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Filip
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, CZ-771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Kašlík
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, CZ-771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Zlotá
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Soukupová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, CZ-771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Corsi I, Winther-Nielsen M, Sethi R, Punta C, Della Torre C, Libralato G, Lofrano G, Sabatini L, Aiello M, Fiordi L, Cinuzzi F, Caneschi A, Pellegrini D, Buttino I. Ecofriendly nanotechnologies and nanomaterials for environmental applications: Key issue and consensus recommendations for sustainable and ecosafe nanoremediation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 154:237-244. [PMID: 29476973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) for environmental remediation, known as nanoremediation, represents a challenging and innovative solution, ensuring a quick and efficient removal of pollutants from contaminated sites. Although the growing interest in nanotechnological solutions for pollution remediation, with significant economic investment worldwide, environmental and human risk assessment associated with the use of ENMs is still a matter of debate and nanoremediation is seen yet as an emerging technology. Innovative nanotechnologies applied to water and soil remediation suffer for a proper environmental impact scenario which is limiting the development of specific regulatory measures and the exploitation at European level. The present paper summarizes the findings from the workshop: "Ecofriendly Nanotechnology: state of the art, future perspectives and ecotoxicological evaluation of nanoremediation applied to contaminated sediments and soils" convened during the Biannual ECOtoxicology Meeting 2016 (BECOME) held in Livorno (Italy). Several topics have been discussed and, starting from current state of the art of nanoremediation, which represents a breakthrough in pollution control, the following recommendations have been proposed: (i) ecosafety has to be a priority feature of ENMs intended for nanoremediation; ii) predictive safety assessment of ENMs for environmental remediation is mandatory; (iii) greener, sustainable and innovative nano-structured materials should be further supported; (iii) those ENMs that meet the highest standards of environmental safety will support industrial competitiveness, innovation and sustainability. The workshop aims to favour environmental safety and industrial competitiveness by providing tools and modus operandi for the valorization of public and private investments.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4-53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - M Winther-Nielsen
- Department of Environment and Toxicology, DHI, Agern Allé 5, 2970 Hoersholm, Denmark
| | - R Sethi
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Italy
| | - C Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano and RU INSTM, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - C Della Torre
- Department of Bioscience, University of Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - G Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - G Lofrano
- Department of Chemical and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - L Sabatini
- Regional Technological District for Advanced Materials, c/o ASEV SpA (management entity), via delle Fiascaie 12, 50053 Empoli, FI, Italy
| | - M Aiello
- Acque Industriali SRL, Via Molise, 1, 56025 Pontedera, PI, Italy
| | - L Fiordi
- Acque Industriali SRL, Via Molise, 1, 56025 Pontedera, PI, Italy
| | - F Cinuzzi
- LABROMARE SRL, Via dell'Artigianato 69, 57121 Livorno, Italy
| | - A Caneschi
- Department of Chemistry & RU INSTM at the University of Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - D Pellegrini
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Piazzale dei marmi 12, 57013 Livorno, Italy
| | - I Buttino
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Piazzale dei marmi 12, 57013 Livorno, Italy.
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