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Javid H, Oryani MA, Rezagholinejad N, Esparham A, Tajaldini M, Karimi‐Shahri M. RGD peptide in cancer targeting: Benefits, challenges, solutions, and possible integrin-RGD interactions. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6800. [PMID: 38349028 PMCID: PMC10832341 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
RGD peptide can be found in cell adhesion and signaling proteins, such as fibronectin, vitronectin, and fibrinogen. RGD peptides' principal function is to facilitate cell adhesion by interacting with integrin receptors on the cell surface. They have been intensively researched for use in biotechnology and medicine, including incorporation into biomaterials, conjugation to medicinal molecules or nanoparticles, and labeling with imaging agents. RGD peptides can be utilized to specifically target cancer cells and the tumor vasculature by engaging with these integrins, improving drug delivery efficiency and minimizing adverse effects on healthy tissues. RGD-functionalized drug carriers are a viable option for cancer therapy as this focused approach has demonstrated promise in the future. Writing a review on the RGD peptide can significantly influence how drugs are developed in the future by improving our understanding of the peptide, finding knowledge gaps, fostering innovation, and making drug design easier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Javid
- Department of Medical Laboratory SciencesVarastegan Institute for Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Surgical Oncology Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mahsa Akbari Oryani
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Ali Esparham
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mahboubeh Tajaldini
- Ischemic Disorder Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Mehdi Karimi‐Shahri
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineGonabad University of Medical SciencesGonabadIran
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian R. James
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Liu X, Fu S, Jiao Y, Hu M, Li C, Wang F, Wang L. A loofah-inspired scaffold with enhanced mimicking mechanics and tumor cells distribution for in vitro tumor cell culture platform. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 135:112672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Albumin Microspheres as "Trans-Ferry-Beads" for Easy Cell Passaging in Cell Culture Technology. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040176. [PMID: 34707076 PMCID: PMC8552077 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein hydrogels represent ideal materials for advanced cell culture applications, including 3D-cultivation of even fastidious cells. Key properties of fully functional and, at the same time, economically successful cell culture materials are excellent biocompatibility and advanced fabrication processes allowing their easy production even on a large scale based on affordable compounds. Chemical crosslinking of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) in a water-in-oil emulsion with isoparaffinic oil as the continuous phase and sorbitan monooleate as surfactant generates micro-meter-scale spherical particles. They allow a significant simplification of an indispensable and laborious step in traditional cell culture workflows. This cell passaging (or splitting) to fresh culture vessels/flasks conventionally requires harsh trypsinization, which can be omitted by using the “trans-ferry-beads” presented here. When added to different pre-cultivated adherent cell lines, the beads are efficiently boarded by cells as passengers and can be easily transferred afterward for the embarkment of novel flasks. After this procedure, cells are perfectly viable and show normal growth behavior. Thus, the trans-ferry-beads not only may become extremely affordable as a final product but also may generally replace trypsinization in conventional cell culture, thereby opening new routes for the establishment of optimized and resource-efficient workflows in biological and medical cell culture laboratories.
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Jensen C, Teng Y. Is It Time to Start Transitioning From 2D to 3D Cell Culture? Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:33. [PMID: 32211418 PMCID: PMC7067892 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 777] [Impact Index Per Article: 194.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell culture is an important and necessary process in drug discovery, cancer research, as well as stem cell study. Most cells are currently cultured using two-dimensional (2D) methods but new and improved methods that implement three-dimensional (3D) cell culturing techniques suggest compelling evidence that much more advanced experiments can be performed yielding valuable insights. When performing 3D cell culture experiments, the cell environment can be manipulated to mimic that of a cell in vivo and provide more accurate data about cell-to-cell interactions, tumor characteristics, drug discovery, metabolic profiling, stem cell research, and other types of diseases. Scaffold based techniques such as hydrogel-based support, polymeric hard material-based support, hydrophilic glass fiber, and organoids are employed, and each provide their own advantages and applications. Likewise, there are also scaffold free techniques used such as hanging drop microplates, magnetic levitation, and spheroid microplates with ultra-low attachment coating. 3D cell culture has the potential to provide alternative ways to study organ behavior via the use of organoids and is expected to eventually bridge the gap between 2D cell culture and animal models. The present review compares 2D cell culture to 3D cell culture, provides the details surrounding the different 3D culture techniques, as well as focuses on the present and future applications of 3D cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Jensen
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Biology, College of Science and Mathematics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Medical Laboratory, Imaging and Radiologic Sciences, College of Allied Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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Bodenberger N, Kubiczek D, Halbgebauer D, Rimola V, Wiese S, Mayer D, Rodriguez Alfonso AA, Ständker L, Stenger S, Rosenau F. Lectin-Functionalized Composite Hydrogels for “Capture-and-Killing” of Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2472-2482. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Bodenberger
- Center for Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Natural Science, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Synthesis of Macromolecules Department, Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dennis Kubiczek
- Center for Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Natural Science, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Halbgebauer
- Center for Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Natural Science, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Vittoria Rimola
- Center for Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Natural Science, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wiese
- Core Unit Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Faculty of Natural Science, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Mayer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Ludger Ständker
- Center for Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Natural Science, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Core Facility Functional Peptidomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Steffen Stenger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Rosenau
- Center for Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Natural Science, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Synthesis of Macromolecules Department, Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Bodenberger N, Kubiczek D, Rosenau F. Easy Manipulation of Architectures in Protein-based Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications. J Vis Exp 2017:55813. [PMID: 28809838 PMCID: PMC5614017 DOI: 10.3791/55813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are recognized as promising materials for cell culture applications due to their ability to provide highly hydrated cell environments. The field of 3D templates is rising due to the potential resemblance of those materials to the natural extracellular matrix. Protein-based hydrogels are particularly promising because they can easily be functionalized and can achieve defined structures with adjustable physicochemical properties. However, the production of macroporous 3D templates for cell culture applications using natural materials is often limited by their weaker mechanical properties compared to those of synthetic materials. Here, different methods were evaluated to produce macroporous bovine serum albumin (BSA)-based hydrogel systems, with adjustable pore sizes in the range of 10 to 70 µm in radius. Furthermore, a method to generate channels in this protein-based material that are several hundred microns long was established. The different methods to produce pores, as well as the influence of pore size on material properties such as swelling ratio, pH, temperature stability, and enzymatic degradation behavior, were analyzed. Pore sizes were investigated in the native, swollen state of the hydrogels using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The feasibility for cell culture applications was evaluated using a cell-adhesive RGD peptide modification of the protein system and two model cell lines: human breast cancer cells (A549) and adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells (MCF7).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dennis Kubiczek
- Center for Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Natural Science, Ulm University
| | - Frank Rosenau
- Center for Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Natural Science, Ulm University
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