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Liu P, Chen Y, Ma C, Ouyang J, Zheng Z. β-Galactosidase: a traditional enzyme given multiple roles through protein engineering. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-20. [PMID: 38108277 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2292282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
β-Galactosidases are crucial carbohydrate-active enzymes that naturally catalyze the hydrolysis of galactoside bonds in oligo- and disaccharides. These enzymes are commonly used to degrade lactose and produce low-lactose and lactose-free dairy products that are beneficial for lactose-intolerant people. β-galactosidases exhibit transgalactosylation activity, and they have been employed in the synthesis of galactose-containing compounds such as galactooligosaccharides. However, most β-galactosidases have intrinsic limitations, such as low transglycosylation efficiency, significant product inhibition effects, weak thermal stability, and a narrow substrate spectrum, which greatly hinder their applications. Enzyme engineering offers a solution for optimizing their catalytic performance. The study of the enzyme's structure paves the way toward explaining catalytic mechanisms and increasing the efficiency of enzyme engineering. In this review, the structure features of β-galactosidases from different glycosyl hydrolase families and the catalytic mechanisms are summarized in detail to offer guidance for protein engineering. The properties and applications of β-galactosidases are discussed. Additionally, the latest progress in β-galactosidase engineering and the strategies employed are highlighted. Based on the combined analysis of structure information and catalytic mechanisms, the ultimate goal of this review is to furnish a thorough direction for β-galactosidases engineering and promote their application in the food and dairy industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehua Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Ouyang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojuan Zheng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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2
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Karkeszová K, Antošová M, Potocká EK, Mastihuba V, Polakovič M. Medium engineering of phenylethanoid transfructosylation catalysed by yeast β-fructofuranosidase. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:237-249. [PMID: 36463528 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, by-products of olive oil production, are valuable substrates for enzymatic transglycosylation that can provide products with pharmaceutical potential. Phenylethanoid fructosides are produced from sucrose and phenylethanoids by the catalytic action of β-fructofuranosidases. This work dealt with the potential of the most abundant β-fructofuranosidase, baker's yeast invertase, for this bioconversion. The effects of sucrose and phenylethanoid concentrations were investigated with a focus on the selectivity of phenylethanoid transfructosylation and fructoside yields. For this purpose, initial rate and progress curve experiments were carried out for the initial (hydroxy)tyrosol and sucrose concentrations of 0.072-0.3 M and 1-2 M, respectively. Reaction courses exhibited either a maximum or plateau of fructoside yield in the range of about 10-18%. The addition of deep eutectic solvents was applied in the concentration range from 5 to 70% (v/v) to investigate the possibility of shifting the reaction equilibrium towards fructoside synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Karkeszová
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Monika Antošová
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Elena Karnišová Potocká
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Mastihuba
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milan Polakovič
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Duan F, Sun T, Zhang J, Wang K, Wen Y, Lu L. Recent innovations in immobilization of β-galactosidases for industrial and therapeutic applications. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 61:108053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Evaluation of Prebiotic Properties of Galactooligosaccharides Produced by Transgalactosylation Using Partially Purified β-Galactosidase from Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC2190. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2294-2316. [PMID: 35841532 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04073-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Transgalactosylation reaction is the penultimate step in the production of galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) which has prominent applications in the treatment of disorders. In the present study, partially purified β-galactosidase from Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC2190 was used for the synthesis of prebiotic GOSs. GOSs were produced using lactose as substrate. Structural elucidation of collected fractions of GOSs by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry exhibited the appearance of major peaks of produced GOSs at m/z 241.20, 481.39, 365.11, 527.17, and 701.51 respectively. GOSs facilitated the growth of potential probiotic strains (Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. helveticus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum) and liberated propionate and butyrate as principal short-chain fatty acids which established its prebiotic potency. Synbiotic combinations exhibited good antioxidant activities. Synbiotic combinations also exhibited antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microorganisms namely Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Synbiotic combinations of GOSs and the respective probiotic microorganisms were able to decrease viable human bone cancer cells (MG-63).
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Hollá V, Karkeszová K, Antošová M, Polakovič M. Transglycosylation properties of a Kluyveromyces lactis enzyme preparation: Production of tyrosol β-fructoside using free and immobilized enzyme. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Hollá V, Hill R, Antošová M, Polakovič M. Design of immobilized biocatalyst and optimal conditions for tyrosol β-galactoside production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:93-101. [PMID: 32816074 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02425-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosol β-galactoside (TG) is a phenylethanoid glycoside with proven neuroprotective properties. This work deals with its biocatalytic production from tyrosol and lactose using Aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase in immobilized form. Six commercial carriers were examined to find the optimal biocatalyst. Besides standard biocatalyst performance characteristics, adsorption of the hydrophobic substrate on immobilization carrier matrices was also investigated. The adsorption of tyrosol was significant, but it did not have adverse effects on TG production. On the contrary, TG yield was improved for some biocatalysts. A biocatalyst prepared by covalent binding of β-galactosidase on an epoxy-activated carrier was used for detailed investigation of the effect of reaction conditions on glycoside production. Temperature had a surprisingly weak effect on the overall process rate. A lactose concentration of 0.83 M was found to be optimal to enhance TG formation. The impact of tyrosol concentration was rather complex. This substrate caused inhibition of all reactions. Its concentration had a strong effect on the hydrolysis of lactose and all products. Higher tyrosol concentrations, 30-40 g/L, were favorable as pseudo-equilibrium concentrations of TG and galactooligosaccharide were reached. Repeated batch results revealed excellent operational stability of the biocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Hollá
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Rhiannon Hill
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Monika Antošová
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milan Polakovič
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Karnišová Potocká E, Mastihubová M, Mastihuba V. Transrutinosylation of tyrosol by flower buds of Sophora japonica. Food Chem 2020; 336:127674. [PMID: 32781353 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dried flower buds of Japanese sophora (Sophora japonica) comprising rutinosidase activity were tested in rutinosylation of tyrosol via transglycosylation process from rutin. Optimal conditions for transrutinosylation of tyrosol were 49 mM rutin and 290 mM tyrosol, giving maximum conversion up to 66.4% and 24% yield of isolated and purified rutinoside. The rutinosylation proceeded exclusively on the primary hydroxyl of tyrosol, thus forming rhamnosylated derivative of salidroside. This strict regioselectivity differentiates the sophora biocatalyst from microbial rutinosidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Karnišová Potocká
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mastihubová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Mastihuba
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Gloster TM. Exploitation of carbohydrate processing enzymes in biocatalysis. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 55:180-188. [PMID: 32203896 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exploitation of enzymes in biocatalytic processes provides scope both in the synthesis and degradation of molecules. Enzymes have power not only in their catalytic efficiency, but their chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity means the reactions they catalyze are precise and reproducible. Focusing on carbohydrate processing enzymes, this review covers advances in biocatalysis involving carbohydrates over the last 2-3 years. Given the notorious difficulties in the chemical synthesis of carbohydrates, the use of enzymes for synthesis has potential for significant impact in the future. The use of catabolic enzymes in the degradation of biomass, which can be exploited in the production of biofuels to provide a sustainable and greener source of energy, and the synthesis of molecules that have a range of applications including in the pharmaceutical and food industries will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey M Gloster
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.
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β-Galactosidases: A great tool for synthesizing galactose-containing carbohydrates. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 39:107465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Horvathova E, Mastihubova M, Karnisova Potocka E, Kis P, Galova E, Sevcovicova A, Klapakova M, Hunakova L, Mastihuba V. Comparative study of relationship between structure of phenylethanoid glycopyranosides and their activities using cell-free assays and human cells cultured in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104646. [PMID: 31518671 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The study focused on protective potential of phytochemicals applicable in prevention and health protection is of great importance. Various structures of these compounds and a wide range of their biological activities have inspired organic chemists to sythesize their effective analogues in order to further increase their efficacy. The aims of our study were (i) to synthesize phenylethanoid glycopyranosides: salidroside (SALI - tyrosol β-d-glucopyranoside), tyrosol β-d-galactopyranoside (TYBGAL), tyrosol α-d-galactopyranoside (TYAGAL), tyrosol α-d-mannopyranoside (TYAMAN), hydroxytyrosol α-d-mannopyranoside (HOTAMA), homosyringyl β-d-glucopyranoside (HSYGLU), hydroxytyrosol β-d-xylopyranoside (HOTXYL) and hydroxysalidroside (HOSALI); (ii) to determine their antioxidant capacities (cell-free approaches); (iii) to evaluate their cytotoxicity (MTT test), protectivity against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; comet assay) and effect on the intracellular glutathione level (iGSH; flow cytometry) in experimental system utilizing human hepatoma HepG2 cells. HOSALI, HOTAMA, HOTXYL and HSYGLU manifested the highest antioxidant capacity in cell-free assays and they were most active in protection of HepG2 cells against H2O2. On the other hand, pre-treatment of HepG2 cells with SALI had protective effects even though SALI displayed almost no activity in cell-free assays. Differences in the efficacy of the analogues revealed that structures of their molecules in terms of aglycone combined with sugar moiety affect their activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Horvathova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Maria Mastihubova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Elena Karnisova Potocka
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Kis
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Eliska Galova
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrea Sevcovicova
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Klapakova
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Luba Hunakova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Vladimir Mastihuba
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Hollá V, Antošová M, Karkeszová K, Mastihuba V, Polakovič M. Screening of Commercial Enzymes for Transfructosylation of Tyrosol: Effect of Process Conditions and Reaction Network. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800571. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Hollá
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food TechnologySlovak University of TechnologyRadlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Monika Antošová
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food TechnologySlovak University of TechnologyRadlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Klaudia Karkeszová
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food TechnologySlovak University of TechnologyRadlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Mastihuba
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of SciencesDúbravská cesta 9 845 38 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Milan Polakovič
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food TechnologySlovak University of TechnologyRadlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovakia
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Wang K, Qi T, Guo L, Ma Z, Gu G, Xiao M, Lu L. Enzymatic Glucosylation of Salidroside from Starch by α-Amylase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:2012-2019. [PMID: 30678460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
α-Amylases are among the most important and widely used industrial enzymes for starch processing. In this work, an α-amylase from Bacillus subtilis XL8 was purified and found to possess both hydrolysis and transglycosylation activities. The optimal pH and temperature for starch hydrolysis were pH 5.0 and 70 °C, respectively. The enzyme could degrade soluble starch into beneficial malto-oligosaccharides ranging from dimer to hexamer. More importantly, it was able to catalyze α-glycosyl transfer from the soluble starch to salidroside, a medicinal plant-derived component with broad pharmacological properties. The transglycosylation reaction catalyzed by the enzyme generated six derivatives in a total high yield of 73.4% when incubating with 100 mg/mL soluble starch and 50 mM salidroside (pH 7.5) at 50 °C for 2 h. These derivatives were identified as α-1,4-glucosyl, maltosyl, maltotriosyl, maltotetraosyl, maltopentaosyl, and maltohexaosyl salidrosides, respectively. They were novel promising compounds that might integrate the bioactive functions of malto-oligosaccharides and salidroside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , PR China
| | - Tingting Qi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
| | - Longcheng Guo
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
| | - Zhongxuan Ma
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
| | - Guofeng Gu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
| | - Min Xiao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
| | - Lili Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , PR China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
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Wen L, Edmunds G, Gibbons C, Zhang J, Gadi MR, Zhu H, Fang J, Liu X, Kong Y, Wang PG. Toward Automated Enzymatic Synthesis of Oligosaccharides. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8151-8187. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Garrett Edmunds
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Christopher Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jiabin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Madhusudhan Reddy Gadi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Hailiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Junqiang Fang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xianwei Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yun Kong
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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Karnišová Potocká E, Mastihubová M, Mastihuba V. Enzymatic synthesis of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol β-d-fructofuranosides. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1423060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mária Mastihubová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Vladimír Mastihuba
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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