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Lei JD, Zhang SB, Ding WZ, Lv YY, Zhai HC, Wei S, Ma PA, Hu YS. Antifungal effects of trans-anethole, the main constituent of Illicium verum fruit volatiles, on Aspergillus flavus in stored wheat. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Lv Y, Yang H, Wang J, Wei S, Zhai H, Zhang S, Hu Y. Afper1 contributes to cell development and aflatoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 377:109828. [PMID: 35843028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus contaminates crops and produces carcinogenic aflatoxins that pose severe threat to food safety and human health. To identify potential targets to control aflatoxin contamination, we characterized a novel Afper1 protein, which regulates cell development and secondary metabolite biosynthesis in A. flavus. Afper1 is localized in the nucleus and is required for hyphal growth, conidial and sclerotial production, and responses to osmotic stress and essential oils such as cinnamaldehyde and thymol. More importantly, aflatoxin production was impaired in the Afper1 deletion mutant. Proteomics analysis revealed that extracellular hydrolases and proteins involved in conidial development, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, and aflatoxin biosynthesis were differentially regulated in ΔAfper1. Unexpectedly, enzymes participated in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, including catalase (catA, catB) and superoxide dismutase (sodM) were significantly downregulated, and the ROS accumulation and sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide were confirmed experimentally. Additionally, Afper1 deletion significantly upregulated heterochromatin protein HepA and downregulated acetyltransferases involved in heterochromatin formation. Accompanying ROS accumulation and chromatin remodeling, proteins related to aflatoxins, ustiloxin B and gliotoxin were downregulated. These results implied that Afper1 deletion affected chromatin remodeling and disturbed ER homeostasis, leading to ROS accumulation, and ultimately resulting in defective growth and impaired secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyong Lv
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, People's Republic of China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haojie Yang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, People's Republic of China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, People's Republic of China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wei
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, People's Republic of China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanchen Zhai
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, People's Republic of China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaibing Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, People's Republic of China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuansen Hu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, People's Republic of China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Processing and Nutritional Function of Wheat, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang L, Wang X, Bi Y, Yu Z. Semi-Synthesis of Chloroxaloterpin A and B and Their Antifungal Activity against Botrytis cinerea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7070-7076. [PMID: 35652483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chloroxaloterpin A (1) and B (2) are two diterpenoids with potent inhibitory activities against spore germination of Botrytis cinerea, which were identified from Streptomyces sp. SN194 as minor products previously. In order to overcome the poor yields, 1 and 2 were synthesized using viguiepinol (3), the major metabolite of Streptomyces sp. SN194, as the precursor compound. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope observations revealed that after treating B. cinerea spores with 1 and 2, spores were obviously aberrant, the cytoplasm appeared withdrawn, and plasma membranes were blurred. Propidium iodide fluorescence assay indicated that 1 and 2 damaged plasma membranes of B. cinerea spores. In vivo assays showed that compounds 1 and 2 could effectively inhibit the sporulation of B. cinerea on tomato fruits, with sporulation inhibitory rates reaching 98.8% at 100 μg/mL. These findings provide new insights into chloroxaloterpin A and B and demonstrate their potential as lead candidates for novel fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Bi
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People's Republic of China
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Transcriptomics analyses and biochemical characterization of Aspergillus flavus spores exposed to 1-nonanol. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2091-2106. [PMID: 35179628 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11830-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The exploitation of plant volatile organic compounds as biofumigants to control postharvest decaying of agro-products has received considerable research attention. Our previous study reported that 1-nonanol, the main constituent of cereal volatiles, can inhibit Aspergillus flavus growth and has the potential as a biofumigant to control the fungal spoilage of cereal grains. However, the antifungal mechanism of 1-nonanol against A. flavus is still unclear at the molecular level. In this study, the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration of 1-nonanol against A. flavus spores were 2 and 4 μL/mL, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the 1-nonanol can distort the morphology of A. flavus spore. Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining showed that 1-nonanol induced phosphatidylserine eversion and increased membrane permeability of A. flavus spores. Transcriptional profile analysis showed that 1-nonanol treatment mainly affected the expression of genes related to membrane damage, oxidative phosphorylation, blockage of DNA replication, and autophagy in A. flavus spores. Flow cytometry analysis showed that 1-nonanol treatment caused hyperpolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in A. flavus spores. 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining showed that treatment with 1-nonanol destroyed the DNA. Biochemical analysis results confirmed that 1-nonanol exerted destructive effects on A. flavus spores by decreasing intracellular adenosine triphosphate content, reducing mitochondrial ATPase activity, accumulating hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions, and increasing catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities. This study provides new insights into the antifungal mechanisms of 1-nonanol against A. flavus. KEY POINTS: • 1-Nonanol treatment resulted in abnormal morphology of A. flavus spores. • 1-Nonanol affects the expression of key growth-related genes of A. flavus. • The apoptosis of A. favus spores were induced after exposed to 1-nonanol.
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Zhang W, Lv Y, Yang H, Wei S, Zhang S, Li N, Hu Y. Sub3 Inhibits Mycelia Growth and Aflatoxin Production of Aspergillus Flavus. FOOD BIOPHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-021-09715-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Elgamoudi BA, Korolik V. Campylobacter Biofilms: Potential of Natural Compounds to Disrupt Campylobacter jejuni Transmission. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12159. [PMID: 34830039 PMCID: PMC8617744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilms occur naturally in many environmental niches and can be a significant reservoir of infectious microbes in zoonotically transmitted diseases such as that caused by Campylobacter jejuni, the leading cause of acute human bacterial gastroenteritis world-wide. The greatest challenge in reducing the disease caused by this organism is reducing transmission of C. jejuni to humans from poultry via the food chain. Biofilms enhance the stress tolerance and antimicrobial resistance of the microorganisms they harbor and are considered to play a crucial role for Campylobacter spp. survival and transmission to humans. Unconventional approaches to control biofilms and to improve the efficacy of currently used antibiotics are urgently needed. This review summarizes the use plant- and microorganism-derived antimicrobial and antibiofilm compounds such as essential oils, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), polyphenolic extracts, algae extracts, probiotic-derived factors, d-amino acids (DAs) and glycolipid biosurfactants with potential to control biofilms formed by Campylobacter, and the suggested mechanisms of their action. Further investigation and use of such natural compounds could improve preventative and remedial strategies aimed to limit the transmission of campylobacters and other human pathogens via the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam A. Elgamoudi
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia;
| | - Victoria Korolik
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia;
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
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Talukdar PK, Turner KL, Crockett TM, Lu X, Morris CF, Konkel ME. Inhibitory Effect of Puroindoline Peptides on Campylobacter jejuni Growth and Biofilm Formation. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:702762. [PMID: 34276635 PMCID: PMC8283790 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.702762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Puroindolines are small, amphipathic, wheat proteins that determine the hardness of the wheat kernel and protect crops from different pathogens. Puroindoline A (PinA) and puroindoline B (PinB) are two major isoforms of puroindolines. These proteins have antibacterial and antifungal properties mainly attributed to their characteristic tryptophan-rich domains (TRDs). In this in vitro study, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of PinA and PinB synthetic peptides against the growth and biofilm formation of Campylobacter jejuni. C. jejuni is an important microaerobic, foodborne pathogen that causes gastrointestinal and neurological diseases in humans. Our results showed that: (1) PinA, but not PinB, has strong antimicrobial activity against C. jejuni clinical strains 81-176 and F38011, Escherichia coli O157:H7, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes; (2) The substitution of two tryptophan residues to glycine (W→G) in the TRD of PinA abolishes its antimicrobial activity against these microorganisms; (3) PinA functions additively with two common antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and erythromycin) to inhibit or inactivate C. jejuni strains; (4) PinA damages the C. jejuni cellular membrane, (5) PinA is cytotoxic to human INT 407 cells at high concentrations; and (6) PinA inhibits C. jejuni biofilm formation. In summary, this study demonstrates the antimicrobial activity of PinA against C. jejuni growth and biofilm formation and further confirms the potential use of PinA as a therapeutic agent in health care or as preservatives in the agri-food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat K Talukdar
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Kyrah L Turner
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Torin M Crockett
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Xiaonan Lu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Craig F Morris
- Western Wheat Quality Lab, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Michael E Konkel
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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Antifungal properties of recombinant Puroindoline B protein against aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhang W, Lv Y, Lv A, Wei S, Zhang S, Li C, Hu Y. Sub3 inhibits Aspergillus flavus growth by disrupting mitochondrial energy metabolism, and has potential biocontrol during peanut storage. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:486-496. [PMID: 32643802 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspergillus flavus, a saprophytic fungus, is regularly detected in oil-enriched seeds. During colonization, this organism releases aflatoxins that pose a serious risk to food safety and human health. Therefore, an eco-friendly biological approach to inhibit the pathogen is desirable. RESULTS Experimental results indicated that A. flavus spores could not germinate in potato dextrose broth culture medium, when the concentration of Sub3 exceeded 0.15 g L-1 . Morphological evaluation performed by flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy indicated that spores were shrunken and pitted following Sub3 exposure. Physiological assessment using propidium iodide, 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine iodide, 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining revealed damaged cell membranes, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, and elevated large nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation. Moreover, mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity was reduced by 29.42% and 45.48% after treatment with 0.1 and 0.15 g L-1 Sub3, respectively. Additionally, colonization capacity in peanut was significantly decreased, and the number of spores on seeds treated with Sub3 was decreased by 26.86% (0.1 g L-1 ) and 77.74% (0.15 g L-1 ) compared with the control group. CONCLUSION Sub3 likely inhibits A. flavus by crossing the cell wall and targeting the cell membrane, disrupting mitochondrial energy metabolism, and inducing DNA damage, leading to spore death. Thus, Sub3 may provide a useful biocontrol strategy to control A. flavus growth in peanuts. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yangyong Lv
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ang Lv
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shan Wei
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shuaibing Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Cuixiang Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuansen Hu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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