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Valotto Neto LJ, Reverete de Araujo M, Moretti Junior RC, Mendes Machado N, Joshi RK, dos Santos Buglio D, Barbalho Lamas C, Direito R, Fornari Laurindo L, Tanaka M, Barbalho SM. Investigating the Neuroprotective and Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Bacopa monnieri: A Systematic Review Focused on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:393. [PMID: 38671841 PMCID: PMC11047749 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aging of the global population has increased the prevalence of neurodegenerative conditions. Bacopa monnieri (BM), an herb with active compounds, such as bacosides A and B, betulinic acid, loliolide, asiatic acid, and quercetin, demonstrates the potential for brain health. Limited research has been conducted on the therapeutic applications of BM in neurodegenerative conditions. This systematic review aims to project BM's beneficial role in brain disorders. BM has anti-apoptotic and antioxidant actions and can repair damaged neurons, stimulate kinase activity, restore synaptic function, improve nerve transmission, and increase neuroprotection. The included twenty-two clinical trials demonstrated that BM can reduce Nuclear Factor-κB phosphorylation, improve emotional function, cognitive functions, anhedonia, hyperactivity, sleep routine, depression, attention deficit, learning problems, memory retention, impulsivity, and psychiatric problems. Moreover, BM can reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress. Here, we highlight that BM provides notable therapeutic benefits and can serve as a complementary approach for the care of patients with neurodegenerative conditions associated with brain disorders. This review adds to the growing interest in natural products and their potential therapeutic applications by improving our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cognitive function and neurodegeneration and informing the development of new therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz José Valotto Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
- Department of Education, Government of Uttarakhand, Nainital 263001, India;
| | - Matheus Reverete de Araujo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
| | - Renato Cesar Moretti Junior
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
| | - Nathalia Mendes Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
| | - Rakesh Kumar Joshi
- Department of Education, Government of Uttarakhand, Nainital 263001, India;
| | - Daiane dos Santos Buglio
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
| | - Caroline Barbalho Lamas
- Department of Gerontology, School of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil;
| | - Rosa Direito
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical & Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy de Farmácia, University of Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical School of Marilia (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, HUN-REN-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, University of Szeged (HUN-REN-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
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Mursaliyeva VK, Sarsenbek BT, Dzhakibaeva GT, Mukhanov TM, Mammadov R. Total Content of Saponins, Phenols and Flavonoids and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of In Vitro Culture of Allochrusa gypsophiloides (Regel) Schischk Compared to Wild Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3521. [PMID: 37895985 PMCID: PMC10609880 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Allochrusa gypsophiloides is a rare Central Asian species, a super-producer of triterpene saponins with pharmacological and technical value. In this work, a comparative evaluation of the in vitro culture of adventitious roots (ARs), in vitro adventitious microshoots (ASs), natural roots and aboveground parts of wild plants from Kazakhstan to define the total saponin (TS), phenol (TP) and flavonoid (TF) content, as well as antioxidant (AOA) and antimicrobial activity, is presented for the first time. In the AR culture, growth index (GI), TS, TP and TF were evaluated on days 25, 45 and 60 of cultivation on ½ MS medium without (control) and with auxin application. It was found out that TS and TF were higher in the in vitro AR culture. The amount of TP and TF are higher in the aerial part of vegetative plants with maximum AOA. The concentration of the extract required to inhibit 50% of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical formation (ICO50) in extracts from natural material negatively correlated with TS, TP, TF and in the in vitro AR culture with TF. Control extracts from the in vitro AR culture with high TS levels showed growth-inhibitory activity against S. thermophillus, S. cerevisiae and C. albicans. The influence shares of medium composition factor, cultivation duration factor and their interaction with GI, TS, TP and TF were determined. The in vitro AR culture is promising for obtaining triterpene saponins TSR with high antibacterial and antifungal activity, and the in vitro ASs culture-for shoot multiplication with antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Balaussa T. Sarsenbek
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (B.T.S.); (T.M.M.)
| | | | - Tlek M. Mukhanov
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (B.T.S.); (T.M.M.)
| | - Ramazan Mammadov
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Mugla University, Mugla 48000, Turkey;
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Nature and Technology, University of Odlar Yurdu, AZ1072 Baku, Azerbaijan
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Aileni M, Bulle M, Malavath RN, Thurpu S, Bandaram K, Balkampeta B, Marri M, Singasani VSR, Murthy EN. Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz: in vitro biotechnological interventions and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:5855-5871. [PMID: 37522947 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz is a woody medicinal shrub (Lythraceae) commonly known as the "fire flame bush." W. fruticosa plant parts either alone or whole plant have a long history of recommended use in the Indian medicine systems of Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha (AUS). This plant is prominently known for its pharmacological properties, viz., antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-peptic ulcer, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antitumor, cardioprotective, analgesic, and wound healing activities. Its important phyto-constituents, woodfordin C, woodfordin I, oenothein B, and isoschimacoalin-A, exhibit in vitro or in vivo physiological activities beneficial to human health. As the plant is a rich storehouse of phyto-constituents, it is indiscriminately used in its wild habitats. Moreover, due to very poor seed viability and difficult-to-root qualities, it is placed under IUCN list of endangered plant species. For W. fruticosa, biomass production or to its conservation by in vitro regeneration is the best feasible alternative. Till date, only few important in vitro regeneration methods are reported in W. fruticosa. ISSR molecular markers based clonal fidelity and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has been demonstrated, indicating that W. fruticosa is amenable to genetic manipulation and genome editing studies. This review presents concise summary of updated reports on W. fruticosa phyto-constituents and their biological activities, while a critical appraisal of biotechnological interventions, shortcomings, and factors influencing such potential areas success was presented. The unexplored gaps addressed here are relevant for W. fruticosa scientific innovations yet to come. In this paper, for the first time, we have presented a simple and reproducible protocol for synthetic seed production in W. fruticosa. KEY POINTS: • Critical and updated records on W. fruticosa phytochemistry and its activities • In vitro propagation and elicitation of secondary metabolites in W. fruticosa • Key bottlenecks, in vitro flowering, value addition, and outlook in W. fruticosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahender Aileni
- Department of Biotechnology, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, Telangana, 503322, India.
| | - Mallesham Bulle
- Agri Biotech Foundation, Agricultural University Campus, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030, Telangana, India.
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Ramesh Naik Malavath
- Department of Biotechnology, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, Telangana, 503322, India
| | - Satyamraj Thurpu
- Department of Biotechnology, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, Telangana, 503322, India
| | - Kiranmayi Bandaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, Telangana, 503322, India
| | - Bhargavi Balkampeta
- Department of Biotechnology, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, Telangana, 503322, India
| | - Meghana Marri
- Department of Biotechnology, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, Telangana, 503322, India
| | | | - E N Murthy
- Department of Botany, Satavahana University, Karimnagar, India
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