1
|
Li J, Ma S, Pei H, Jiang J, Zou Q, Lv Z. Review of T cell proliferation regulatory factors in treatment and prognostic prediction for solid tumors. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21329. [PMID: 37954355 PMCID: PMC10637962 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell proliferation regulators (Tcprs), which are positive regulators that promote T cell function, have made great contributions to the development of therapies to improve T cell function. CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) -T cell therapy, a type of adoptive cell transfer therapy that targets tumor cells and enhances immune lethality, has led to significant progress in the treatment of hematologic tumors. However, the applications of CAR-T in solid tumor treatment remain limited. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the development of Tcprs for solid tumor therapy and prognostic prediction. We summarize potential strategies for targeting different Tcprs to enhance T cell proliferation and activation and inhibition of cancer progression, thereby improving the antitumor activity and persistence of CAR-T. In summary, we propose means of enhancing CAR-T cells by expressing different Tcprs, which may lead to the development of a new generation of cell therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- Student Innovation Competition Team, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shuhan Ma
- Student Innovation Competition Team, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hongdi Pei
- Student Innovation Competition Team, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jici Jiang
- Student Innovation Competition Team, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Quan Zou
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Zhibin Lv
- Student Innovation Competition Team, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu T, Xu L, Jiang M, Zhang F, Li Q, Li Z, Wu C, Ding J, Li F, Wang J. N6-methyladenosine-methylomic landscape of lung tissues of mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1137195. [PMID: 37056763 PMCID: PMC10088907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1137195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a common respiratory disease, can be divided into stable phase and acute exacerbation phase (AECOPD) and is characterized by inflammation and hyper-immunity. Methylation of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an epigenetic modification that regulates the expression and functions of genes by influencing post-transcriptional RNA modifications. Its influence on the immune regulation mechanism has attracted great attention. Herein, we present the m6Amethylomic landscape and observe how the methylation of m6A participates in the pathological process of COPD. The m6A modification of 430 genes increased and that of 3995 genes decreased in the lung tissues of mice with stable COPD. The lung tissues of mice with AECOPD exhibited 740 genes with hypermethylated m6A peak and 1373 genes with low m6A peak. These differentially methylated genes participated in signaling pathways related to immune functions. To further clarify the expression levels of differentially methylated genes, RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and RNA-sequencing data were jointly analyzed. In the stable COPD group, 119 hypermethylated mRNAs (82 upregulated and 37 downregulated mRNAs) and 867 hypomethylated mRNAs (419 upregulated and 448 downregulated mRNAs) were differentially expressed. In the AECOPD group, 87 hypermethylated mRNAs (71 upregulated and 16 downregulated mRNAs) and 358 hypomethylated mRNAs (115 upregulated and 243 downregulated mRNAs) showed differential expression. Many mRNAs were related to immune function and inflammation. Together, this study provides important evidence on the role of RNA methylation of m6A in COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hu
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Lijuan Xu
- Fourth Clinical Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Fengbo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qifeng Li
- Xinjiang Institute of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Clinical Laboratory Center, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Ürümqi, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Ürümqi, China
| | - Jianbing Ding
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Fengsen Li
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sarapura Martinez VJ, Buonincontro B, Cassarino C, Bernatowiez J, Colado A, Cordini G, Custidiano MDR, Mahuad C, Pavlovsky MA, Bezares RF, Favale NO, Vermeulen M, Borge M, Giordano M, Gamberale R. Venetoclax resistance induced by activated T cells can be counteracted by sphingosine kinase inhibitors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1143881. [PMID: 37020867 PMCID: PMC10067719 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1143881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with venetoclax-based regimens has demonstrated efficacy and a safety profile, but the emergence of resistant cells and disease progression is a current complication. Therapeutic target of sphingosine kinases (SPHK) 1 and 2 has opened new opportunities in the treatment combinations of cancer patients. We previously reported that the dual SPHK1/2 inhibitor, SKI-II enhanced the in vitro cell death triggered by fludarabine, bendamustine or ibrutinib and reduced the activation and proliferation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. Since we previously showed that autologous activated T cells from CLL patients favor the activation of CLL cells and the generation of venetoclax resistance due to the upregulation of BCL-XL and MCL-1, we here aim to determine whether SPHK inhibitors affect this process. To this aim we employed the dual SPHK1/2 inhibitor SKI-II and opaganib, a SPHK2 inhibitor that is being studied in clinical trials. We found that SPHK inhibitors reduce the activation of CLL cells and the generation of venetoclax resistance induced by activated T cells mainly due to a reduced upregulation of BCL-XL. We also found that SPHK2 expression was enhanced in CLL cells by activated T cells of the same patient and the presence of venetoclax selects resistant cells with high levels of SPHK2. Of note, SPHK inhibitors were able to re-sensitize already resistant CLL cells to a second venetoclax treatment. Our results highlight the therapeutic potential of SPHK inhibitors in combination with venetoclax as a promising treatment option for the patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria J. Sarapura Martinez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Brenda Buonincontro
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Chiara Cassarino
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juliana Bernatowiez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Colado
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gregorio Cordini
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital de Clínicas, José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria del Rosario Custidiano
- Departamento de Hematología y Unidad de Trasplante Hematopoyético, Instituto Alexander Fleming, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Mahuad
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Alemán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Nicolás O. Favale
- Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas “Profesor Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini” (IQUIFIB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Vermeulen
- Laboratorio de Células Presentadoras de Antígeno y Respuesta Inflamatoria, IMEX-CONICET-ANM, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Borge
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mirta Giordano
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Gamberale
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Romina Gamberale,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zanetti SR, Romecin PA, Vinyoles M, Juan M, Fuster JL, Cámos M, Querol S, Delgado M, Menendez P. Bone marrow MSC from pediatric patients with B-ALL highly immunosuppress T-cell responses but do not compromise CD19-CAR T-cell activity. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-001419. [PMID: 32868394 PMCID: PMC7462245 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although adoptive transfer of CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells (CD19-CAR T-cells) achieves high rates of complete response in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), relapse is common. Bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSC) are key components of the hematopoietic niche and are implicated in B-ALL pathogenesis and therapy resistance. MSC exert an immunosuppressive effect on T-cells; however, their impact on CD19-CAR T-cell activity is understudied. Methods We performed a detailed characterization of BM-MSC from pediatric patients with B-ALL (B-ALL BM-MSC), evaluated their immunomodulatory properties and their impact on CD19-CAR T-cell activity in vitro using microscopy, qRT-PCR, ELISA, flow cytometry analysis and in vivo using a preclinical model of severe colitis and a B-ALL xenograft model. Results While B-ALL BM-MSC were less proliferative than those from age-matched healthy donors (HD), the morphology, immunophenotype, differentiation potential and chemoprotection was very similar. Likewise, both BM-MSC populations were equally immunosuppressive in vitro and anti-inflammatory in an in vivo model of severe colitis. Interestingly, BM-MSC failed to impair CD19-CAR T-cell cytotoxicity or cytokine production in vitro using B-ALL cell lines and primary B-ALL cells. Finally, the growth of NALM6 cells was controlled in vivo by CD19-CAR T-cells irrespective of the absence/presence of BM-MSC. Conclusions Collectively, our data demonstrate that pediatric B-ALL and HD BM-MSC equally immunosuppress T-cell responses but do not compromise CD19-CAR T-cell activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Manel Juan
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Clínico de Barcelona, Hospital Clínico de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Fuster
- Sección de Oncohematología Pediátrica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigación biosanitaria, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mireia Cámos
- Hematology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mario Delgado
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Menendez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain .,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Svanberg R, Janum S, Patten PEM, Ramsay AG, Niemann CU. Targeting the tumor microenvironment in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica 2021; 106:2312-2324. [PMID: 33882636 PMCID: PMC8409023 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.268037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an essential role in the development, growth, and survival of the malignant B-cell clone in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Within the proliferation niches of lymph nodes, bone marrow, and secondary lymphoid organs, a variety of phenotypically and functionally altered cell types, including T cells, natural killer cells, monocytes/macrophages, endothelial and mesenchymal stroma cells, provide crucial survival signals, along with CLL-cellinduced suppression of antitumor immune responses. The B-cell receptor pathway plays a pivotal role in mediating the interaction between CLL cells and the TME. However, an increasing number of additional components of the multifactorial TME are being discovered. Although the majority of therapeutic strategies employed in CLL hitherto have focused on targeting the leukemic cells, emerging evidence implies that modulation of microenvironmental cells and CLL-TME interactions by novel therapeutic agents significantly affect their clinical efficacy. Thus, improving our understanding of CLL-TME interactions and how they are affected by current therapeutic agents may improve and guide treatment strategies. Identification of novel TME interactions may also pave the road for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting the TME. In this review, we summarize current evidence on the effects of therapeutic agents on cells and interactions within the TME. With a growing demand for improved and personalized treatment options in CLL, this review aims at inspiring future exploration of smart drug combination strategies, translational studies, and novel therapeutic targets in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sine Janum
- Department of Clinical Haemato-oncology, Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health Trust, London
| | - Piers E M Patten
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London
| | - Alan G Ramsay
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Griggio V, Perutelli F, Salvetti C, Boccellato E, Boccadoro M, Vitale C, Coscia M. Immune Dysfunctions and Immune-Based Therapeutic Interventions in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Front Immunol 2020; 11:594556. [PMID: 33312177 PMCID: PMC7708380 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.594556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a B-cell malignancy characterized by a wide range of tumor-induced alterations, which affect both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune response, and accumulate during disease progression. In recent years, the development of targeted therapies, such as the B-cell receptor signaling inhibitors and the Bcl-2 protein inhibitor venetoclax, has dramatically changed the treatment landscape of CLL. Despite their remarkable anti-tumor activity, targeted agents have some limitations, which include the development of drug resistance mechanisms and the inferior efficacy observed in high-risk patients. Therefore, additional treatments are necessary to obtain deeper responses and overcome drug resistance. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which exploits immune-mediated graft-versus-leukemia effect to eradicate tumor cells, currently represents the only potentially curative therapeutic option for CLL patients. However, due to its potential toxicities, HSCT can be offered only to a restricted number of younger and fit patients. The growing understanding of the complex interplay between tumor cells and the immune system, which is responsible for immune escape mechanisms and tumor progression, has paved the way for the development of novel immune-based strategies. Despite promising preclinical observations, results from pilot clinical studies exploring the safety and efficacy of novel immune-based therapies have been sometimes suboptimal in terms of long-term tumor control. Therefore, further advances to improve their efficacy are needed. In this context, possible approaches include an earlier timing of immunotherapy within the treatment sequencing, as well as the possibility to improve the efficacy of immunotherapeutic agents by administering them in combination with other anti-tumor drugs. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of main immune defects affecting patients with CLL, also describing the complex networks leading to immune evasion and tumor progression. From the therapeutic standpoint, we will go through the evolution of immune-based therapeutic approaches over time, including i) agents with broad immunomodulatory effects, such as immunomodulatory drugs, ii) currently approved and next-generation monoclonal antibodies, and iii) immunotherapeutic strategies aiming at activating or administering immune effector cells specifically targeting leukemic cells (e.g. bi-or tri-specific antibodies, tumor vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and checkpoint inhibitors).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Griggio
- University Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Perutelli
- University Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Salvetti
- University Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elia Boccellato
- University Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- University Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Candida Vitale
- University Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Coscia
- University Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dorraji SE, Hovd AMK, Kanapathippillai P, Bakland G, Eilertsen GØ, Figenschau SL, Fenton KA. Mesenchymal stem cells and T cells in the formation of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Lupus Nephritis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7861. [PMID: 29777158 PMCID: PMC5959845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26265-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) develop in the kidneys of lupus-prone mice and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with lupus nephritis (LN). Here we investigated the presence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the development of TLS in murine LN, as well as the role of human MSCs as lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) cells on the activation of CD4+ T cells from three groups of donors including Healthy, SLE and LN patients. Mesenchymal stem like cells were detected within the pelvic wall and TLS in kidneys of lupus-prone mice. An increase in LTβ, CXCL13, CCL19, VCAM1 and ICAM1 gene expressions were detected during the development of murine LN. Human MSCs stimulated with the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β significantly increased the expression of CCL19, VCAM1, ICAM1, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Stimulated MSCs induced proliferation of CD4+ T cells, but an inhibitory effect was observed when in co-culture with non-stimulated MSCs. A contact dependent increase in Th2 and Th17 subsets were observed for T cells from the Healthy group after co-culture with stimulated MSCs. Our data suggest that tissue-specific or/and migratory MSCs could have pivotal roles as LTo cells in accelerating early inflammatory processes and initiating the formation of kidney specific TLS in chronic inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Esmaeil Dorraji
- RNA and Molecular Pathology Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Aud-Malin K Hovd
- RNA and Molecular Pathology Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Premasany Kanapathippillai
- RNA and Molecular Pathology Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gunnstein Bakland
- University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Molecular Inflammatory Research Group, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gro Østli Eilertsen
- University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Molecular Inflammatory Research Group, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Stine L Figenschau
- RNA and Molecular Pathology Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristin A Fenton
- RNA and Molecular Pathology Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
van Attekum MH, Eldering E, Kater AP. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells are active participants in microenvironmental cross-talk. Haematologica 2017; 102:1469-1476. [PMID: 28775118 PMCID: PMC5685246 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.142679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the tumor microenvironment in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is
widely accepted. Nevertheless, the understanding of the complex interplay
between the various types of bystander cells and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
cells is incomplete. Numerous studies have indicated that bystander cells
provide chronic lymphocytic leukemia-supportive functions, but it has also
become clear that chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells actively engage in the
formation of a supportive tumor microenvironment through several cross-talk
mechanisms. In this review, we describe how chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
participate in this interplay by inducing migration and tumor-supportive
differentiation of bystander cells. Furthermore, chronic lymphocytic
leukemia-mediated alterations in the interactions between bystander cells are
discussed. Upon bystander cell interaction, chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
secrete cytokines and chemokines such as migratory factors [chemokine
(C-C motif) ligand 22 and chemokine (CC motif) ligand 2], which result
in further recruitment of T cells but also of monocyte-derived cells. Within the
tumor microenvironment, chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells induce
differentiation towards a tumor-supportive M2 phenotype of monocyte-derived
cells and suppress phagocytosis, but also induce increased numbers of supportive
regulatory T cells. Like other tumor types, the differentiation of stromal cells
towards supportive cancer-associated fibroblasts is critically dependent on
chronic lymphocytic leukemia-derived factors such as exosomes and
platelet-derived growth factor. Lastly, both chronic lymphocytic leukemia and
bystander cells induce a tolerogenic tumor microenvironment; chronic lymphocytic
leukemia-secreted cytokines, such as interleukin-10, suppress cytotoxic T-cell
functions, while chronic lymphocytic leukemia-associated monocyte-derived cells
contribute to suppression of T-cell function by producing the immune checkpoint
factor, programmed cell death-ligand 1. Deeper understanding of the active
involvement and cross-talk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in shaping the
tumor microenvironment may offer novel clues for designing therapeutic
strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martijn Ha van Attekum
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Hematology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Eldering
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arnon P Kater
- Department of Hematology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands .,Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Singer JW, Al-Fayoumi S, Ma H, Komrokji RS, Mesa R, Verstovsek S. Comprehensive kinase profile of pacritinib, a nonmyelosuppressive Janus kinase 2 inhibitor. J Exp Pharmacol 2016; 8:11-9. [PMID: 27574472 PMCID: PMC4993559 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s110702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pacritinib, potent inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), JAK2V617F, and fms-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3, is in Phase III development in myelofibrosis. Among type 1 inhibitors, pacritinib shows a lack of myelosuppression at doses that both inhibit JAK2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway and demonstrate clinical efficacy. To elucidate these mechanisms and identify other disease targets, a kinome analysis screened 439 recombinant kinases at 100 nM pacritinib concentration. For kinases with >50% inhibition, pacritinib was titrated from 1 to 100 nM. JAK2, JAK2V617F, FLT3, colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor, and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 achieved half-maximal inhibitory concentrations <50 nM. Pacritinib did not inhibit JAK1 (82% control at 100 nM). Lack of myelosuppression may stem from inhibiting JAK2 without affecting JAK1 and reducing hematopoietic inhibitory cytokines by suppressing interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 or colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor. The pacritinib kinome suggests therapeutic utility in acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, solid tumors, and inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack W Singer
- Translational Medicine, CTI BioPharma Corp., Seattle, WA
| | | | - Haiching Ma
- Department of Research and Development, Reaction Biology, Malvern, PA
| | - Rami S Komrokji
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Ruben Mesa
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Srdan Verstovsek
- Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yadav SS, Prasad SB, Prasad CB, Pandey LK, Pradhan S, Singh S, Narayan G. CXCL12 is a key regulator in tumor microenvironment of cervical cancer: an in vitro study. Clin Exp Metastasis 2016; 33:431-9. [PMID: 26970955 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-016-9787-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CXCL12 is a small pro-inflammatory chemo-attractant cytokine which signals through chemokine receptor CXCR4. The importance of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is coming to the fore in several divergent signaling pathway-initiating signals related to cell survival and/or proliferation and cancer metastasis. In the present study we have investigated whether deregulation in CXCR4 signaling (as a consequence of deregulated expression of CXCL12) modulate the metastatic potential of cervical carcinoma cells. We demonstrate that CXCL12 is frequently down regulated and its promoter is hypermethylated in cervical cancer cell lines and primary tumor biopsies. Exogenous treatment of cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa, SiHa and C-33A) with recombinant CXCL12 inhibited the metastasis promoting cell migration, cell invasion and anchorage independent cell growth events. Although this study will need further in vivo validation, our observations suggest that (a) silencing of CXCL12 in cervical cancer cells may be critical in migration and invasion, the key events in cancer cell metastases; (b) cervical cancer cells having down regulated CXCL12 are more prone to being attracted to CXCL12 expressed at secondary sites of metastases; and (c) CXCL12 inhibits anchorage independent cell growth via anoikis. These findings suggest the tumor suppressor functions of CXCL12 in cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Singh Yadav
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shyam Babu Prasad
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Chandra Bhushan Prasad
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Lakshmi Kant Pandey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Satyajit Pradhan
- Department of Radiotherapy & Radiation Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sunita Singh
- Department of Zoology, MahilaMahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Gopeshwar Narayan
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Expression of CXCR4 and CXCL12 and their correlations to the cell proliferation and angiogenesis in mycosis fungoides. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2015; 32:437-42. [PMID: 26755907 PMCID: PMC4697019 DOI: 10.5114/pdia.2015.48034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chemokines play an important role in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. The CXCR4/CXCL12 axis has been implicated in development of both solid tumors and hematological malignancies and is also relevant in the pathogenesis of the most common primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, mycosis fungoides (MF). Aim To evaluate the expression of CXCR4 and CXCL12 in MF and to examine their associations with cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Material and methods The material for the study consisted of skin samples obtained from 56 patients with MF and 20 healthy volunteers. The expression of CXCR4 and CXCL12 was assessed by immunohistochemistry on the paraffin blocks and compared to the expression of angiogenesis marker (CD34) and proliferation indicators (Ki-67, AgNORs). Results The expression of chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 was significantly higher in MF than in the healthy skin (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between early and advanced stages of MF. Similarly, there was no statistically important correlation between the expression of CXCR4/CXCL12 and angiogenesis and proliferation markers, however a significant correlation between CD34 and AgNORs expression was found (p < 0.001). Conclusions The CXCR4/CXCL12 axis seems to play an important role in MF development in the early as well as in the advanced stages of the disease. Therefore, the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis seems to be an interesting potential target for the future strategies of new drug development, giving hope for more efficacious therapies for mycosis fungoides.
Collapse
|
12
|
HIV-1 Coreceptor CXCR4 Antagonists Promote Clonal Expansion of Viral Epitope-Specific CD8+ T Cells During Acute SIV Infection in Rhesus Monkeys In Vivo. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2015; 69:145-53. [PMID: 25714247 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The underlying molecular mechanisms and the kinetics of T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire selection during administration of CXCR4 or CCR5 inhibitors in infection of AIDS viruses in vivo have remained largely unexplored. Viral epitope-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes play a dominant role in the control of HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We hypothesized that blockade of CXCR4 or CCR5 might influence the clonal expansion of epitope-specific CD8(+) T cells, contributing to antiviral immune responses in vivo. METHODS We measured frequencies of the dominant epitope p11C-specific CD8(+) T cells and analyzed the TCR repertoire of those cells in SIV-infected rhesus monkeys treated by CXCR4 or CCR5 inhibitors and vMIP-II, which binds multiple chemokine receptors. RESULTS A significantly increase in the levels of epitope-specific CD8(+) T cells was observed after blockade of CXCR4 or CCR5 compared with untreated control groups. Those CD8(+) T cells exhibited selected usage of TCR Vβ families and complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) segments. The clonal expansion of distinct Vβ populations could efficiently inhibit SIV replication in vitro, and CXCR4 inhibitor induced more expansion of epitope-specific CD8(+) T cells than CCR5 antagonist (P < 0.01), whereas vMIP-II treatment showed the most marked augmentation of p11C-specific CD8(+) T cells. CONCLUSIONS Antagonists of HIV coreceptors, particularly CXCR4, play an important role in the clonal expansion of SIV epitope-specific CD8(+) T cells in vivo, thus inhibitors of chemokine receptors such as CXCR4 or CCR5 may contribute to the ability of epitope-specific CD8(+) T cells to inhibit SIV or HIV infection.
Collapse
|
13
|
Borge M, Remes Lenicov F, Nannini PR, de los Ríos Alicandú MM, Podaza E, Ceballos A, Fernández Grecco H, Cabrejo M, Bezares RF, Morande PE, Oppezzo P, Giordano M, Gamberale R. The Expression of Sphingosine-1 Phosphate Receptor-1 in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells Is Impaired by Tumor Microenvironmental Signals and Enhanced by Piceatannol and R406. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:3165-74. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
14
|
Hock BD, Macpherson SA, Fernyhough LJ, McKenzie JL. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells become both activated and immunosuppressive following interaction with CD3 and CD28 stimulated PBMC. Leuk Res 2014; 38:1217-23. [PMID: 24976339 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is associated with immunosuppression. The activation of CLL cells induced by interaction with other cell types, particularly activated T-cells, within the tumour micro-environment is thought to be important for CLL progression. However it is unclear whether activated CLL cells (CLL(Act)) have immunosuppressive capacity. We report that co-culture of CLL cells with normal PBMC in the context of CD3/CD28 T-cell activation generates CLL(Act) with increased CD38 expression that are capable of suppressing the proliferative responses of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. The suppression required cell contact but did not involve induction of T-cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B D Hock
- Haematology Research Group, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand; Pathology Department, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - S A Macpherson
- Haematology Department, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand; Pathology Department, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - L J Fernyhough
- Haematology Department, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand; Pathology Department, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J L McKenzie
- Haematology Research Group, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand; Pathology Department, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Understanding the immunodeficiency in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: potential clinical implications. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2013; 27:207-35. [PMID: 23561470 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in adults. Although significant advances have been made in the treatment of CLL in the last decade, it remains incurable. Treatments may be too toxic for some elderly patients, who constitute most of the individuals with this disease, and there remain subgroups of patients for which this therapy has minimal activity. This article summarizes the current understanding of the immune defects in CLL. It also examines the potential clinical implications of these findings.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abreu C, Moreno P, Palacios F, Borge M, Morande P, Landoni AI, Gabus R, Dighiero G, Giordano M, Gamberale R, Oppezzo P. Methylation status regulates lipoprotein lipase expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 54:1844-8. [PMID: 23614796 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.796057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Among different prognostic factors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), we previously demonstrated that lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is associated with an unmutated immunoglobulin profile and clinical poor outcome. Despite the usefulness of LPL for CLL prognosis, its functional role and the molecular mechanism regulating its expression are still open questions. Interaction of CLL B-cells with the tissue microenvironment favors disease progression by promoting malignant B-cell growth. Since tissue methylation can be altered by environmental factors, we investigated the methylation status of the LPL gene and the possibility that overexpression could be associated with microenvironment signals. Our results show that a demethylated state of the LPL gene is responsible for its anomalous expression in unmutated CLL cases and that this expression is dependent on microenvironment signals. Overall, this work proposes that an epigenetic mechanism, triggered by the microenvironment, regulates LPL expression in CLL disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Abreu
- Recombinant Protein Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shum KT, Zhou J, Rossi JJ. Nucleic Acid Aptamers as Potential Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agents for Lymphoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 4:872-890. [PMID: 25057429 PMCID: PMC4104705 DOI: 10.4236/jct.2013.44099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Lymphomas are cancers that arise from white blood cells and usually present as solid tumors. Treatment of lymphoma often involves chemotherapy, and can also include radiotherapy and/or bone marrow transplantation. There is an un-questioned need for more effective therapies and diagnostic tool for lymphoma. Aptamers are single stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides whose three-dimensional structures are dictated by their sequences. The immense diversity in function and structure of nucleic acids enable numerous aptamers to be generated through an iterative in vitro selection technique known as Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX). Aptamers have several biochemical properties that make them attractive tools for use as potential diagnostic and pharmacologic agents. Isolated aptamers may directly inhibit the function of target proteins, or they can also be formulated for use as delivery agents for other therapeutic or imaging cargoes. More complex aptamer identification methods, using whole cancer cells (Cell-SELEX), may identify novel targets and aptamers to affect them. This review focuses on recent advances in the use of nucleic acid aptamers as diagnostic and therapeutic agents and as targeted delivery carriers that are relevant to lymphoma. Some representative examples are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ka-To Shum
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jiehua Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - John J Rossi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA ; Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|