1
|
Nishiyama H, Yonese J, Kawahara T, Matsumoto R, Miyake H, Matsubara N, Uemura H, Eto M, Azuma H, Obara W, Terai A, Fukasawa S, Suekane S. TAS0313 plus Pembrolizumab for Post-Chemotherapy Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Naïve Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:532-540. [PMID: 38060587 PMCID: PMC10985476 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated the efficacy and safety of TAS0313, a multi-epitope long peptide vaccine, plus pembrolizumab in post-chemotherapy immune checkpoint inhibitor-naïve patients with locally advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC). TAS0313 9 mg was administered subcutaneously followed by pembrolizumab 200 mg on Day 1, and as monotherapy on Day 8 and 15 of Cycles 1 and 2, and Day 1 of subsequent cycles in 21-day cycles. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Biomarkers of response were assessed. In 36 patients enrolled, the ORR was 33.3% (complete response: 7 patients; partial response: 5 patients). Median PFS was 5.0 months; 6- and 12-month progression-free rates were 46.4% and 36.5%, respectively. Median OS was not reached; 6-, 12-, and 24-month OS rates were 83.3%, 72.2%, and 55.1%, respectively. In post hoc analysis, patients with a tumor infiltrating CD8+ lymphocyte (CD8+ TIL) count ≥99 and/or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) ≥50 and lymphocyte count >1,380 cells/μL had higher ORRs and prolonged PFS versus patients with a CD8+ TIL count <99, PD-L1 CPS <50, and lymphocyte count ≤1,380 cells/μL. Thirty-four (94.4%) patients receiving combination therapy experienced treatment-related adverse events (AE), with pyrexia (n = 15, 41.7%), injection-site reactions (n = 15, 41.7%), injection-site induration (n = 6, 16.7%), and malaise (n = 6, 16.7%) the most common. No grade ≥3 treatment-related AEs occurred in ≥10% of patients. TAS0313 plus pembrolizumab combination therapy showed promising efficacy and manageable safety in la/mUC. Clinical Trial Registration: JapicCTI-183824.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Junji Yonese
- Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ryuji Matsumoto
- Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Miyake
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Matsubara
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroji Uemura
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Haruhito Azuma
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Wataru Obara
- Department of Urology, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Akito Terai
- Department of Urology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukasawa
- Prostate Center and Division of Urology, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigetaka Suekane
- Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li C, Jin K. Chemical Strategies towards the Development of Effective Anticancer Peptides. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1839-1873. [PMID: 37170992 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230426111157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is increasingly recognized as one of the primary causes of death and has become a multifaceted global health issue. Modern medical science has made significant advancements in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer over the past decade. The detrimental side effects, lack of efficacy, and multidrug resistance of conventional cancer therapies have created an urgent need for novel anticancer therapeutics or treatments with low cytotoxicity and drug resistance. The pharmaceutical groups have recognized the crucial role that peptide therapeutic agents can play in addressing unsatisfied healthcare demands and how these become great supplements or even preferable alternatives to biological therapies and small molecules. Anticancer peptides, as a vibrant therapeutic strategy against various cancer cells, have demonstrated incredible anticancer potential due to high specificity and selectivity, low toxicity, and the ability to target the surface of traditional "undruggable" proteins. This review will provide the research progression of anticancer peptides, mainly focusing on the discovery and modifications along with the optimization and application of these peptides in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Kang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hawlina S, Zorec R, Chowdhury HH. Potential of Personalized Dendritic Cell-Based Immunohybridoma Vaccines to Treat Prostate Cancer. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1498. [PMID: 37511873 PMCID: PMC10382052 DOI: 10.3390/life13071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of death due to cancer. About 30% of patients with PCa who have been castrated develop a castration-resistant form of the disease (CRPC), which is incurable. In the last decade, new treatments that control the disease have emerged, slowing progression and spread and prolonging survival while maintaining the quality of life. These include immunotherapies; however, we do not yet know the optimal combination and sequence of these therapies with the standard ones. All therapies are not always suitable for every patient due to co-morbidities or adverse effects of therapies or both, so there is an urgent need for further work on new therapeutic options. Advances in cancer immunotherapy with an immune checkpoint inhibition mechanism (e.g., ipilimumab, an anti-CTLA-4 inhibitor) have not shown a survival benefit in patients with CRPC. Other immunological approaches have also not given clear results, which has indirectly prevented breakthrough for this type of therapeutic strategy into clinical use. Currently, the only approved form of immunotherapy for patients with CRPC is a cell-based medicine, but it is only available to patients in some parts of the world. Based on what was gained from recently completed clinical research on immunotherapy with dendritic cell-based immunohybridomas, the aHyC dendritic cell vaccine for patients with CRPC, we highlight the current status and possible alternatives that should be considered in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Hawlina
- Clinical Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Zorec
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena H Chowdhury
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cancer Vaccines for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010146. [PMID: 36679991 PMCID: PMC9866612 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the subtype of breast cancer with the poorest outcomes, and is associated with a high risk of relapse and metastasis. The treatment choices for this malignancy have been confined to conventional chemotherapeutic agents, due to a lack of expression of the canonical molecular targets. Immunotherapy has been recently changing the treatment paradigm for many types of tumors, and the approach of evoking active immune responses in the milieu of breast tumors through cancer vaccines has been introduced as one of the most novel immunotherapeutic approaches. Accordingly, a number of vaccines for the treatment or prevention of recurrence have been developed and are currently being studied in TNBC patients, while none have yet received any approvals. To elucidate the efficacy and safety of these vaccines, we performed a systematic review of the available literature on the topic. After searching the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar databases, a total of 5701 results were obtained, from which 42 clinical studies were eventually included based on the predefined criteria. The overall quality of the included studies was acceptable. However, due to a lack of reporting outcomes of survival or progression in some studies (which were presented as conference abstracts) as well as the heterogeneity of the reported outcomes and study designs, we were not able to carry out a meta-analysis. A total of 32 different vaccines have so far been evaluated in TNBC patients, with the majority belonging to the peptide-based vaccine type. The other vaccines were in the cell or nucleic acid (RNA/DNA)-based categories. Most vaccines proved to be safe with low-grade, local adverse events and could efficiently evoke cellular immune responses; however, most trials were not able to demonstrate significant improvements in clinical indices of efficacy. This is in part due to the limited number of randomized studies, as well as the limited TNBC population of each trial. However, due to the encouraging results of the currently published trials, we anticipate that this strategy could show its potential through larger, phase III randomized studies in the near future.
Collapse
|
5
|
In Silico Model Estimates the Clinical Trial Outcome of Cancer Vaccines. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113048. [PMID: 34831269 PMCID: PMC8616443 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 30 years after the first cancer vaccine clinical trial (CT), scientists still search the missing link between immunogenicity and clinical responses. A predictor able to estimate the outcome of cancer vaccine CTs would greatly benefit vaccine development. Published results of 94 CTs with 64 therapeutic vaccines were collected. We found that preselection of CT subjects based on a single matching HLA allele does not increase immune response rates (IRR) compared with non-preselected CTs (median 60% vs. 57%, p = 0.4490). A representative in silico model population (MP) comprising HLA-genotyped subjects was used to retrospectively calculate in silico IRRs of CTs based on the percentage of MP-subjects having epitope(s) predicted to bind ≥ 1–4 autologous HLA allele(s). We found that in vitro measured IRRs correlated with the frequency of predicted multiple autologous allele-binding epitopes (AUC 0.63–0.79). Subgroup analysis of multi-antigen targeting vaccine CTs revealed correlation between clinical response rates (CRRs) and predicted multi-epitope IRRs when HLA threshold was ≥ 3 (r = 0.7463, p = 0.0004) but not for single HLA allele-binding epitopes (r = 0.2865, p = 0.2491). Our results suggest that CRR depends on the induction of broad T-cell responses and both IRR and CRR can be predicted when epitopes binding to multiple autologous HLAs are considered.
Collapse
|
6
|
Kitagawa K, Tatsumi M, Kato M, Komai S, Doi H, Hashii Y, Katayama T, Fujisawa M, Shirakawa T. An oral cancer vaccine using a Bifidobacterium vector suppresses tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse bladder cancer model. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 22:592-603. [PMID: 34589578 PMCID: PMC8449024 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy using immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors has been well established for various types of cancer. Monotherapy with ICIs, however, can achieve a durable response in only a subset of patients. There is a great unmet need for the ICI-resistant-tumors. Since patients who respond to ICIs should have preexisting antitumor T cell response, combining ICIs with cancer vaccines that forcibly induce an antitumor T cell response is a reasonable strategy. However, the preferred administration sequence of the combination of ICIs and cancer vaccines is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that combining an oral WT1 cancer vaccine using a Bifidobacterium vector and following anti-PD-1 antibody treatment eliminated tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse model of bladder cancer. This vaccine induced T cell responses specific to multiple WT1 epitopes through the gut immune system. Moreover, in a tumor model poorly responsive to an initial anti-PD-1 antibody, this vaccine alone significantly inhibited the tumor growth, whereas combination with continuous anti-PD-1 antibody could not inhibit the tumor growth. These results suggest that this oral cancer vaccine alone or as an adjunct to anti-PD-1 antibody could provide a novel treatment option for patients with advanced urothelial cancer including bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kitagawa
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Maho Tatsumi
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Mako Kato
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shota Komai
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hazuki Doi
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Hashii
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takane Katayama
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Toshiro Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Translational Research for Biologics, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.,Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maiorano BA, Schinzari G, Ciardiello D, Rodriquenz MG, Cisternino A, Tortora G, Maiello E. Cancer Vaccines for Genitourinary Tumors: Recent Progresses and Future Possibilities. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:623. [PMID: 34207536 PMCID: PMC8228524 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last years, many new treatment options have widened the therapeutic scenario of genitourinary malignancies. Immunotherapy has shown efficacy, especially in the urothelial and renal cell carcinomas, with no particular relevance in prostate cancer. However, despite the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, there is still high morbidity and mortality among these neoplasms. Cancer vaccines represent another way to activate the immune system. We sought to summarize the most recent advances in vaccine therapy for genitourinary malignancies with this review. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Database for clinical trials conducted in the last ten years, focusing on cancer vaccines in the prostate, urothelial and renal cancer. RESULTS Various therapeutic vaccines, including DNA-based, RNA-based, peptide-based, dendritic cells, viral vectors and modified tumor cells, have been demonstrated to induce specific immune responses in a variable percentage of patients. However, these responses rarely corresponded to significant survival improvements. CONCLUSIONS Further preclinical and clinical studies will improve the knowledge about cancer vaccines in genitourinary malignancies to optimize dosage, select targets with a driver role for tumor development and growth, and finally overcome resistance mechanisms. Combination strategies represent possibly more effective and long-lasting treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brigida Anna Maiorano
- Oncology Unit, Foundation Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, 73013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.R.); (E.M.)
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Giovanni Schinzari
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.S.); (G.T.)
- Medical Oncology Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Foundation A. Gemelli Policlinic IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Ciardiello
- Oncology Unit, Foundation Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, 73013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.R.); (E.M.)
- Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Rodriquenz
- Oncology Unit, Foundation Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, 73013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Antonio Cisternino
- Urology Unit, Foundation Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, 73013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.S.); (G.T.)
- Medical Oncology Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Foundation A. Gemelli Policlinic IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Evaristo Maiello
- Oncology Unit, Foundation Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, 73013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (D.C.); (M.G.R.); (E.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liang J, Zhao X. Nanomaterial-based delivery vehicles for therapeutic cancer vaccine development. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:j.issn.2095-3941.2021.0004. [PMID: 33979069 PMCID: PMC8185868 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2021.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterial-based delivery vehicles such as lipid-based, polymer-based, inorganics-based, and bio-inspired vehicles often carry distinct and attractive advantages in the development of therapeutic cancer vaccines. Based on various delivery vehicles, specifically designed nanomaterials-based vaccines are highly advantageous in boosting therapeutic and prophylactic antitumor immunities. Specifically, therapeutic vaccines featuring unique properties have made major contributions to the enhancement of antigen immunogenicity, encapsulation efficiency, biocompatibility, and stability, as well as promoting antigen cross-presentation and specific CD8+ T cell responses. However, for clinical applications, tumor-associated antigen-derived vaccines could be an obstacle, involving immune tolerance and deficiency of tumor specificities, in achieving maximum therapeutic indices. However, when using bioinformatics predictions with emerging innovations of in silico tools, neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines might become potent personalized vaccines for tumor treatments. In this review, we summarize the development of preclinical therapeutic cancer vaccines and the advancements of nanomaterial-based delivery vehicles for cancer immunotherapies, which provide the basis for a personalized vaccine delivery platform. Moreover, we review the existing challenges and future perspectives of nanomaterial-based personalized vaccines for novel tumor immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kondo S, Shimizu T, Koyama T, Sato J, Iwasa S, Yonemori K, Fujiwara Y, Shimomura A, Kitano S, Tamura K, Yamamoto N. First-in-human study of the cancer peptide vaccine TAS0313 in patients with advanced solid tumors. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1514-1523. [PMID: 33615628 PMCID: PMC8019195 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TAS0313, a novel cancer vaccine cocktail, was developed to overcome the disadvantages of previously developed short and long peptide vaccines; it comprises several long peptides targeting multiple cancer antigens. We evaluated TAS0313 monotherapy in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors for which no other therapies were available. In the dose‐finding cohort, patients received TAS0313 (9 or 27 mg) on days 1, 8, and 15 of cycles 1 and 2, and then on day 1 of each subsequent 21‐day cycle. The primary objective was the evaluation of safety and tolerability. Secondary objectives were evaluation of efficacy, tumor responses, and immune activation (CTL, IgG, and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocyte [TIL] levels). The full analysis set contained 10 patients in the 9‐mg group and seven in the 27‐mg group. No dose‐limiting toxicities were reported in cycle 1. All adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were grade 1 or 2; the most common ADRs were injection site‐related events. The best response was stable disease in four of 17 patients. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) duration was 2.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.0‐2.3) months overall; patients with baseline low lymphocyte counts (≤750/μL) had shorter PFS. Compared with baseline, TILs were increased in five patients. Although CTLs, IgG, and TILs were induced, no correlative pattern with clinical outcomes was observed. The safety, tolerability, and induction of immune responses in patients with advanced solid tumors receiving TAS0313 were confirmed. Further evaluation of TAS0313’s efficacy as monotherapy or in combination with pembrolizumab is underway. The study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.jp (JapicCTI‐183824).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Kondo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Shimizu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Koyama
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Sato
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Iwasa
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kan Yonemori
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Fujiwara
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Shimomura
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Kitano
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Cancer Immunotherapy Development, Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Tamura
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Innovative Cancer Center, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Japan
| | - Noboru Yamamoto
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
TAS0314, a novel multi-epitope long peptide vaccine, showed synergistic antitumor immunity with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in HLA-A*2402 mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17284. [PMID: 33057061 PMCID: PMC7560884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74187-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer peptide vaccines are a promising cancer immunotherapy that can induce cancer-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in tumors. However, recent clinical trials of cancer vaccines have revealed that the efficacy of the vaccines is limited. Targeting single antigens and vaccination with short peptides are partly the cause of the poor clinical outcomes. We synthesized a novel multi-epitope long peptide, TAS0314, which induced multiple epitope-specific CTLs in HLA knock-in mice. It also showed superior epitope-specific CTL induction and antitumor activity. We also established a combination treatment model of vaccination with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in HLA-A*2402 knock-in mice, and it showed a synergistic antitumor effect with TAS0314. Thus, our data indicated that TAS0314 treatment, especially in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, is a promising therapeutic candidate for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
11
|
Toh U, Sakurai S, Saku S, Takao Y, Okabe M, Iwakuma N, Shichijo S, Yamada A, Itoh K, Akagi Y. Early phase II study of mixed 19-peptide vaccine monotherapy for refractory triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:2760-2769. [PMID: 32495455 PMCID: PMC7419019 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We undertook an early phase II study of mixed 19‐peptide cancer vaccine monotherapy for 14 advanced metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer (mTNBC) patients refractory to systemic chemotherapy to develop a new type of cancer vaccine. The treatment protocol consisted of a weekly vaccination for 6 weeks, and there were no severe adverse events related to the vaccination throughout the trial. Increase of peptide‐specific IgG against the vaccinated human leukocyte antigen‐matched peptides, but not against the nonmatched peptides, was positively correlated with overall survival (OS) (P < .01). The median OS was 11.5 or 24.4 months in all 14 patients or the 10 patients who completed the vaccination. The patients with lower C‐reactive protein levels or 3 or fewer systemic chemotherapies were favorable candidates for this treatment. Advancement of this therapy to the next stage of study could be warranted based on the safety and immune boosting determined herein (clinical trial registration number: UMIN000014616).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uhi Toh
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Sayaka Sakurai
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shuko Saku
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yuko Takao
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Mina Okabe
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Iwakuma
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shigeki Shichijo
- Cancer Vaccine Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akira Yamada
- Division of Cancer Vaccine, Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kyogo Itoh
- Cancer Vaccine Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshito Akagi
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Noguchi M, Arai G, Egawa S, Ohyama C, Naito S, Matsumoto K, Uemura H, Nakagawa M, Nasu Y, Eto M, Suekane S, Sasada T, Shichijo S, Yamada A, Kakuma T, Itoh K. Mixed 20-peptide cancer vaccine in combination with docetaxel and dexamethasone for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomized phase II trial. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:847-857. [PMID: 32025848 PMCID: PMC7183507 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02498-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel cancer vaccine consisting of 20 mixed peptides (KRM-20) was designed to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against twelve different tumor-associated antigens. The aim of this phase II trial was to examine whether KRM-20 in combination with docetaxel and dexamethasone enhances the antitumor effects in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized phase II study, we enrolled chemotherapy-naïve patients with CRPC from ten medical centers in Japan. Eligible patients were randomly assigned 1:1 centrally to receive either KRM-20 combined with docetaxel and dexamethasone (n = 25) or placebo with docetaxel and dexamethasone (n = 26). The primary endpoint was the difference in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline between each treatment. The rates of > 50% PSA decline in the two arms were similar (56.5% versus 53.8%; P = 0.851). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched peptide-specific immunoglobulin G (P = 0.018) and CTL (P = 0.007) responses in the KRM-20 arm significantly increased after treatment. The addition of KRM-20 did not increase toxicity. There were no between-group differences in progression-free or overall survival (OS). The addition of KRM-20 was safe, and similar PSA decline and HLA-matched peptide-specific CTL and IgG responses increased in combination with docetaxel and dexamethasone in CRPC patients. Subgroup analysis suggested that this treatment is favorable for CRPC patients with ≥ 26% lymphocytes or PSA levels of < 11.2 ng/ml, but further clinical trials comparing OS are required.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/adverse effects
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects
- Combined Modality Therapy/methods
- Dexamethasone/administration & dosage
- Dexamethasone/adverse effects
- Docetaxel/administration & dosage
- Docetaxel/adverse effects
- Double-Blind Method
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Humans
- Infusions, Intravenous
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Kallikreins/blood
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Progression-Free Survival
- Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/blood
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/immunology
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/mortality
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/therapy
- Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Subunit/adverse effects
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Noguchi
- Canver Vaccine Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
- Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Gaku Arai
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Shin Egawa
- Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikara Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | | | - Kazumasa Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Uemura
- Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Nasu
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Kyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigetaka Suekane
- Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Sasada
- Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shigeki Shichijo
- Canver Vaccine Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Akira Yamada
- Cancer Vaccines, Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Kakuma
- Biostatistics Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kyogo Itoh
- Canver Vaccine Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hirakawa Y, Ogata T, Sasada T, Yamashita T, Itoh K, Tanaka H, Okuda K. Immunological consequences following splenectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:848-856. [PMID: 31281459 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune status in patients with liver cirrhosis is generally impaired due to concomitant hypersplenism. As the spleen is the largest lymphoid organ, deleterious events resulting from splenectomy are of concern in these patients. However, the immunological consequences after splenectomy have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, the immune status after splenectomy was comprehensively examined. Splenectomy was performed in 11 patients with liver cirrhosis and hypersplenism, and the immune status in peripheral blood was examined and compared before and at 1, 3 and 6 months after splenectomy. Splenectomy significantly lowered the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, due to a surge in lymphocytes in the peripheral circulation at 3 and 6 months after splenectomy. The frequency of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells decreased after splenectomy, whereas the frequency of CD8+ T cells increased. Notably, the frequencies of the naïve and central memory subsets of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells decreased, whereas those of the effector memory subset trended upward. In addition, the frequencies of other immune cells such as γδ T cells, natural killer T cells and natural killer cells transiently increased, while inhibitory cells such as regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells significantly decreased. T-cell responses to viral- and tumor-associated antigens increased after splenectomy in five of eight and two of five patients, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to precisely examine the drastic changes of immunological phenotypes in peripheral blood after splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis. Our findings suggested that splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis may ameliorate the impaired immune status, possibly by reducing suppressive cells and enhancing the effector cell population and function, which could, at least in part, explain the mechanisms responsible for the clinical benefits of splenectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hirakawa
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Toshiro Ogata
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.,Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-8543, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Sasada
- Cancer Vaccine Center, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 839-0863, Japan.,Cancer Vaccine Center, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Takuto Yamashita
- Biostatistics Center, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Kyogo Itoh
- Cancer Vaccine Center, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 839-0863, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Koji Okuda
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Taborska P, Stakheev D, Strizova Z, Vavrova K, Podrazil M, Bartunkova J, Smrz D. Personalized ex vivo multiple peptide enrichment and detection of T cells reactive to multiple tumor-associated antigens in prostate cancer patients. Med Oncol 2017; 34:173. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-1035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
15
|
Personalized peptide vaccines and their relation to other therapies in urological cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2017; 14:501-510. [DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2017.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
16
|
Wada S, Yada E, Ohtake J, Fujimoto Y, Uchiyama H, Yoshida S, Sasada T. Current status and future prospects of peptide-based cancer vaccines. Immunotherapy 2016; 8:1321-1333. [PMID: 27993087 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2016-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has attracted attention worldwide owing to the recent development of immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, these therapies have shown limited efficacy, and further advancements are needed before these modalities can progress to widespread use. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a type of nonspecific cancer immunotherapy, and antitumor effects are only observed when cancer-specific T cells are found within the nonspecifically activated T-cell group. In order to facilitate the development of potent immunotherapies, selective enhancement of cancer-specific T cells is essential. In this report, we discuss current and future perspectives, including the latest clinical trials of cancer-specific immunotherapies, particularly cancer peptide vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Wada
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Erika Yada
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Junya Ohtake
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujimoto
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Hidemi Uchiyama
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yoshida
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Sasada
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In recent clinical trials, immunotherapeutic agents have demonstrated promising results for the treatment of prostate cancer. This review discusses emerging immunotherapies for prostate cancer and their evolving role in sequencing and combination therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Therapeutic vaccines including PROSTVAC and DCVAC/PCa have completed promising phase 2 trials for the treatment of prostate cancer and phase 3 trials are underway. Recent evidence supports a synergistic relationship between immunotherapy agents themselves, antiandrogens and with cytotoxic chemotherapy. Prostate cancer patients with good prognostic factors, such as minimal disease burden, appear to achieve the optimal benefit from immunotherapy. SUMMARY Therapeutic cancer vaccines and immunomodulating agents have demonstrated activity in the treatment of prostate cancer. Immunotherapies may alter the prostate tumor microenvironment and ongoing studies aim to provide guidance on effective sequencing and combination strategies.
Collapse
|
18
|
Blanco‐Míguez A, Gutiérrez‐Jácome A, Pérez‐Pérez M, Pérez‐Rodríguez G, Catalán‐García S, Fdez‐Riverola F, Lourenço A, Sánchez B. From amino acid sequence to bioactivity: The biomedical potential of antitumor peptides. Protein Sci 2016; 25:1084-95. [PMID: 27010507 PMCID: PMC4941772 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chemoprevention is the use of natural and/or synthetic substances to block, reverse, or retard the process of carcinogenesis. In this field, the use of antitumor peptides is of interest as, (i) these molecules are small in size, (ii) they show good cell diffusion and permeability, (iii) they affect one or more specific molecular pathways involved in carcinogenesis, and (iv) they are not usually genotoxic. We have checked the Web of Science Database (23/11/2015) in order to collect papers reporting on bioactive peptide (1691 registers), which was further filtered searching terms such as "antiproliferative," "antitumoral," or "apoptosis" among others. Works reporting the amino acid sequence of an antiproliferative peptide were kept (60 registers), and this was complemented with the peptides included in CancerPPD, an extensive resource for antiproliferative peptides and proteins. Peptides were grouped according to one of the following mechanism of action: inhibition of cell migration, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, antioxidative mechanisms, inhibition of gene transcription/cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, disorganization of tubulin structure, cytotoxicity, or unknown mechanisms. The main mechanisms of action of those antiproliferative peptides with known amino acid sequences are presented and finally, their potential clinical usefulness and future challenges on their application is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Blanco‐Míguez
- ESEI ‐ Escuela Superior De Ingeniería Informática, Edificio Politécnico, Campus Universitario as Lagoas S/N, Universidad De VigoOurense32004Spain
| | - Alberto Gutiérrez‐Jácome
- ESEI ‐ Escuela Superior De Ingeniería Informática, Edificio Politécnico, Campus Universitario as Lagoas S/N, Universidad De VigoOurense32004Spain
| | - Martín Pérez‐Pérez
- ESEI ‐ Escuela Superior De Ingeniería Informática, Edificio Politécnico, Campus Universitario as Lagoas S/N, Universidad De VigoOurense32004Spain
| | - Gael Pérez‐Rodríguez
- ESEI ‐ Escuela Superior De Ingeniería Informática, Edificio Politécnico, Campus Universitario as Lagoas S/N, Universidad De VigoOurense32004Spain
| | - Sandra Catalán‐García
- Asturias, INDRA Software LabsC/Jimena Fernández De La Vega, 140 P. Científico Tecnológico, EdGijón33203Spain
| | - Florentino Fdez‐Riverola
- ESEI ‐ Escuela Superior De Ingeniería Informática, Edificio Politécnico, Campus Universitario as Lagoas S/N, Universidad De VigoOurense32004Spain
| | - Anália Lourenço
- ESEI ‐ Escuela Superior De Ingeniería Informática, Edificio Politécnico, Campus Universitario as Lagoas S/N, Universidad De VigoOurense32004Spain
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of MinhoCampus De GualtarBraga4710‐057Portugal
| | - Borja Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy ProductsInstituto De Productos Lácteos De Asturias (IPLA), Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)VillaviciosaAsturiasSpain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Iwasa S, Yamada Y, Heike Y, Shoji H, Honma Y, Komatsu N, Matsueda S, Yamada A, Morita M, Yamaguchi R, Tanaka N, Kawahara A, Kage M, Shichijo S, Sasada T, Itoh K. Phase I study of a new cancer vaccine of ten mixed peptides for advanced cancer patients. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:590-600. [PMID: 26920496 PMCID: PMC4970826 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A phase I study of a new cancer vaccine (KRM‐10), consisting of a mixture of 10 different short peptides, was conducted for patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers. Primary or secondary endpoints included the dose‐limiting toxicity (DLT), or safety and immune responses, respectively. Peptide‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and immunoglobulin G (IgG), together with soluble inflammatory factors, were measured before and after vaccination. Twenty‐one patients were vaccinated with KRM‐10 at dose levels of 10 (n = 6), 20 (n = 8) or 30 mg (n = 7) of peptides every week for 6 weeks. No DLT were observed in the dose range evaluated. Common treatment‐related adverse events were a grade 1 injection site reaction in 15 patients, and fever in three patients (grade 1 in two patients and grade 2 in one patient). CTL activity to at least one peptide at the time of the third and sixth vaccination increased in 2 and 3 of 6 (10 mg), 2 of 8 and 4 of 6 (20 mg), or 2 and 1 of 6 (30 mg) patients, respectively. IgG levels, at the third and sixth vaccination, were also increased in 1 and 1 of 6 (10 mg), 2 of 8 and 4 of 6 (20 mg), or 1 and 3 of 6 (30 mg) patients, respectively. The KRM‐10 vaccine consisting of 20 mg of peptides was determined as the optimal dose for a coming phase II trial because of its safety, and also for demonstrating the most potent activity for augmenting the immune response of the three doses tested. This trial was registered at the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000008820.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Iwasa
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Yamada
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Heike
- Immunotherapy and Cell Therapy Department, St. Lucas International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Shoji
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honma
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Komatsu
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | | | - Akira Yamada
- Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Michi Morita
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Division of Pathology, Medical Center of Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Rin Yamaguchi
- Division of Pathology, Medical Center of Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| | - Natsuki Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kawahara
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kage
- Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuro Sasada
- Cancer Vaccine Center, Kanagawa Cancer Center Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kyogo Itoh
- Cancer Vaccine Center, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kumai T, Kobayashi H, Harabuchi Y. Novel targets for natural killer/T-cell lymphoma immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2015; 8:45-55. [PMID: 26642249 DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (NKTL) is a rare but highly aggressive Epstein-Barr virus-related malignancy, which mainly occurs in nasopharyngeal and nasal/paranasal areas. In addition to its high prevalence in Asian, Central American and South American populations, its incidence rate has been gradually increasing in Western countries. The current mainstay of treatment is a combination of multiple chemotherapies and irradiation. Although chemoradiotherapy can cure NKTL, it often causes severe and fatal adverse events. Because a growing body of evidence suggests that immunotherapy is effective against hematological malignancies, this treatment could provide an alternative to chemoradiotherapy for treatment of NKTL. In this review, we focus on how recent findings could be used to develop efficient immunotherapies against NKTL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Kumai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-East 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-East 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Harabuchi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-East 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-East 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Obeid J, Hu Y, Slingluff CL. Vaccines, Adjuvants, and Dendritic Cell Activators--Current Status and Future Challenges. Semin Oncol 2015; 42:549-61. [PMID: 26320060 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer vaccines offer a low-toxicity approach to induce anticancer immune responses. They have shown promise for clinical benefit with one cancer vaccine approved in the United States for advanced prostate cancer. As other immune therapies are now clearly effective for treatment of advanced cancers of many histologies, there is renewed enthusiasm for optimizing cancer vaccines for use to prevent recurrence in early-stage cancers and/or to combine with other immune therapies for therapy of advanced cancers. Future advancements in vaccine therapy will involve the identification and selection of effective antigen formulations, optimization of adjuvants, dendritic cell (DC) activation, and combination therapies. In this summary we present the current practice, the broad collection of challenges, and the promising future directions of vaccine therapy for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Obeid
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Yinin Hu
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | | |
Collapse
|