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Perevalova AM, Gulyaeva LF, Pustylnyak VO. Roles of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 in Tumor Progression and Regression: Two Sides of a Coin. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2153. [PMID: 38396830 PMCID: PMC10889282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
IRF1 is a transcription factor well known for its role in IFN signaling. Although IRF1 was initially identified for its involvement in inflammatory processes, there is now evidence that it provides a function in carcinogenesis as well. IRF1 has been shown to affect several important antitumor mechanisms, such as induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, remodeling of tumor immune microenvironment, suppression of telomerase activity, suppression of angiogenesis and others. Nevertheless, the opposite effects of IRF1 on tumor growth have also been demonstrated. In particular, the "immune checkpoint" molecule PD-L1, which is responsible for tumor immune evasion, has IRF1 as a major transcriptional regulator. These and several other properties of IRF1, including its proposed association with response and resistance to immunotherapy and several chemotherapeutic drugs, make it a promising object for further research. Numerous mechanisms of IRF1 regulation in cancer have been identified, including genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms, although their significance for tumor progression remains to be explored. This review will focus on the established tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting functions of IRF1, as well as the molecular mechanisms of IRF1 regulation identified in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina M. Perevalova
- Zelman Institute for the Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street, 1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.M.P.)
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Timakova Street, 2/12, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Lyudmila F. Gulyaeva
- Zelman Institute for the Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street, 1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.M.P.)
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Timakova Street, 2/12, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Vladimir O. Pustylnyak
- Zelman Institute for the Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street, 1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.M.P.)
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Timakova Street, 2/12, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
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Cui Z, Wang J, Chen G, Li D, Cheng B, Lai Y, Wu Z. The upregulation of CLGN in hepatocellular carcinoma is potentially regulated by hsa-miR-194-3p and associated with patient progression. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1081510. [PMID: 36698420 PMCID: PMC9869145 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1081510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have poor prognosis, especially in advanced stages. Targeted therapy is the main treatment for advanced HCC patients, but the optimal targets for HCC remain poorly understood. The main purpose of this study was to identify potential novel prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Methods Firstly, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HCC were identified from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The expression, significance in prognosis, and potential mechanisms of DEGs were analyzed using GEPIA, TIMER, HPA, Kaplan Meier Plotter, CBioPortal, miRWalk, TargetScan, and ENCORI databases. Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the protein expression levels of potential candidate genes. Results The mRNA levels of MND1, STXBP6, and CLGN were significantly increased in HCC (p< 0.01). HCC patients with elevated CLGN mRNA levels had poorer overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) (p < 0.05). Higher MND1 mRNA levels significantly correlated with poorer DFS in HCC patients (p< 0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between STXBP6 expression and prognosis of HCC (p> 0.05). Further analysis revealed that patients with elevated CLGN mRNA expression in advanced pathology stages had poorer prognosis (p< 0.01). In addition, CLGN protein levels were elevated in HCC compared to their levels in normal tissues. The mRNA levels of CLGN had no significant correlation with the abundance of six common tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in HCC (COR < 0.5). Moreover, the mutation rate of CLGN was less than 1% in HCC patients (10/1089). Finally, the expression level of hsa-miR-194-3p in HCC was significantly lower than that in normal tissues (p < 0.05), and prognosis of HCC with low expression of hsa-miR-194 was poor (p < 0.05). Conclusion The upregulation of CLGN in HCC is significantly associated with poor patient prognosis, especially in the advanced stages, and may be regulated by hsa-miR-194-3p. These findings suggest that CLGN may be closely related to the progression of HCC, and is a potential therapeutic target and prognostic indicator for patients with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Dongfang Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jielong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Dongfang Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liuzhou Workers’ Hospital (The Fourth Affiliated Hospital), Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Dongliang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Dongfang Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bianqiao Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Fuzhou, China,*Correspondence: Bianqiao Cheng, ; Yanhua Lai, ; Zhixian Wu,
| | - Yanhua Lai
- Department of Transplantation, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, China,*Correspondence: Bianqiao Cheng, ; Yanhua Lai, ; Zhixian Wu,
| | - Zhixian Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Dongfang Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China,*Correspondence: Bianqiao Cheng, ; Yanhua Lai, ; Zhixian Wu,
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Ni X, Wu W, Sun X, Ma J, Yu Z, He X, Cheng J, Xu P, Liu H, Shang T, Xi S, Wang J, Zhang J, Chen Z. Interrogating glioma-M2 macrophage interactions identifies Gal-9/Tim-3 as a viable target against PTEN-null glioblastoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl5165. [PMID: 35857445 PMCID: PMC9269888 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl5165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Genomic alteration can reshape tumor microenvironment to drive tumor malignancy. However, how PTEN deficiency influences microenvironment-mediated cell-cell interactions in glioblastoma (GBM) remains unclear. Here, we show that PTEN deficiency induces a symbiotic glioma-M2 macrophage interaction to support glioma progression. Mechanistically, PTEN-deficient GBM cells secrete high levels of galectin-9 (Gal-9) via the AKT-GSK3β-IRF1 pathway. The secreted Gal-9 drives macrophage M2 polarization by activating its receptor Tim-3 and downstream pathways in macrophages. These macrophages, in turn, secrete VEGFA to stimulate angiogenesis and support glioma growth. Furthermore, enhanced Gal-9/Tim-3 expression predicts poor outcome in glioma patients. In GBM models, blockade of Gal-9/Tim-3 signaling inhibits macrophage M2 polarization and suppresses tumor growth. Moreover, α-lactose attenuates glioma angiogenesis by down-regulating macrophage-derived VEGFA, providing a novel antivascularization strategy. Therefore, our study suggests that blockade of Gal-9/Tim-3 signaling is effective to impair glioma progression by inhibiting macrophage M2 polarization, specifically for PTEN-null GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Weichi Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sun
- School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Corresponding author. (Z.C.); (J.Z.); (J.W.); (X.S.)
| | - Junxiao Ma
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhihui Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xinwei He
- School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jinyu Cheng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Haoxian Liu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Tengze Shang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shaoyan Xi
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Corresponding author. (Z.C.); (J.Z.); (J.W.); (X.S.)
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Corresponding author. (Z.C.); (J.Z.); (J.W.); (X.S.)
| | - Zhongping Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Corresponding author. (Z.C.); (J.Z.); (J.W.); (X.S.)
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Zeng C, Qi G, Shen Y, Li W, Zhu Q, Yang C, Deng J, Lu W, Liu Q, Jin J. DPEP1 promotes drug resistance in colon cancer cells by forming a positive feedback loop with ASCL2. Cancer Med 2022; 12:412-424. [PMID: 35670012 PMCID: PMC9844606 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance is an important factor affecting the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer. However, clinical markers for diagnosing drug resistance of tumor cells are not only a few in number, but also low in specificity, and the mechanism of action of tumor cell drug resistance remains unclear. METHODS Dipeptidase 1 (DPEP1) expression was analyzed using the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and genotype-Tissue Expression pan-cancer data. Survival analysis was performed using the survival package in R software to assess the prognostic value of DPEP1 expression in colon cancer. Correlation and Venn analyses were adopted to identify key genes. Immunohistochemistry, western blot, qRT-PCR, Co-immunoprecipitation, and dual-luciferase reporter experiments were carried out to explore the underlying associations between DPEP1 and Achaete scute-like 2 (ASCL2). MTT assays were used to evaluate the role of DPEP1 and ASCL2 in colon cancer drug resistance. RESULTS DPEP1 was highly expressed in colon cancer tissues. DPEP1 expression correlated negatively with disease-specific survival but not with overall survival. Bioinformatics analysis and experiments showed that the expressions of DPEP1 and ASCL2 in colon cancer tissues were markedly positively correlated. Mechanistic research indicated that DPEP1 enhanced the stability of protein ASCL2 by inhibiting its ubiquitination-mediated degradation. In turn, ASCL2 functioned as a transcription factor to activate the transcriptional activity of the DPEP1 gene and boost its expression. Furthermore, DPEP1 also could enhance the expression of colon cancer stem cell markers (LGR5, CD133, and CD44), which strengthened the tolerance of colon cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that the DPEP1 enhances the stemness of tumor cells by forming a positive feedback loop with ASCL2 to improve resistance to chemotherapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zeng
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Guoping Qi
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Jianzhong Deng
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Wenbin Lu
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Jianhua Jin
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
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circ_0002346 Suppresses Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Progression Depending on the Regulation of the miR-582-3p/STXBP6 Axis. Int J Genomics 2021; 2021:1565660. [PMID: 34722753 PMCID: PMC8550861 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1565660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating articles have reported the pivotal regulatory roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumorigenesis. Here, our purpose was to explore the role of circ_0002346 in NSCLC progression and its associated mechanism. Methods Cell proliferation ability was assessed by a 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EDU) assay and a colony formation assay. Transwell assays were conducted to analyze cell migration and invasion abilities. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and by using a caspase3 activity assay kit. The glycolysis of NSCLC cells was analyzed using a fluorescence-based glucose/lactate assay kit. A dual-luciferase reporter assay and an RNA pull-down assay were performed to verify the binding relationship between microRNA-582-3p (miR-582-3p) and circ_0002346 or syntaxin-binding protein 6 (STXBP6). Results circ_0002346 level was prominently downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. circ_0002346 overexpression significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis and triggered the apoptosis of NSCLC cells. circ_0002346 directly interacted with miR-582-3p, and circ_0002346 overexpression-mediated antitumor effects in NSCLC cells were partly reversed by miR-582-3p overexpression. miR-582-3p directly interacted with the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of STXBP6, and STXBP6 silencing partly counteracted circ_0002346 overexpression-mediated antitumor influences in NSCLC cells. circ_0002346 can upregulate the expression of STXBP6 by acting as a miR-582-3p sponge in NSCLC cells. circ_0002346 overexpression suppressed xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion circ_0002346 overexpression suppressed the malignant properties of NSCLC cells by binding to miR-582-3p to induce the expression of STXBP6.
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Zhang H, Dai Z, Wu W, Wang Z, Zhang N, Zhang L, Zeng WJ, Liu Z, Cheng Q. Regulatory mechanisms of immune checkpoints PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:184. [PMID: 34088360 PMCID: PMC8178863 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01987-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4)/B7 and programmed death 1 (PD-1)/ programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are two most representative immune checkpoint pathways, which negatively regulate T cell immune function during different phases of T-cell activation. Inhibitors targeting CTLA-4/B7 and PD1/PD-L1 pathways have revolutionized immunotherapies for numerous cancer types. Although the combined anti-CTLA-4/B7 and anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy has demonstrated promising clinical efficacy, only a small percentage of patients receiving anti-CTLA-4/B7 or anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy experienced prolonged survival. Regulation of the expression of PD-L1 and CTLA-4 significantly impacts the treatment effect. Understanding the in-depth mechanisms and interplays of PD-L1 and CTLA-4 could help identify patients with better immunotherapy responses and promote their clinical care. In this review, regulation of PD-L1 and CTLA-4 is discussed at the levels of DNA, RNA, and proteins, as well as indirect regulation of biomarkers, localization within the cell, and drugs. Specifically, some potential drugs have been developed to regulate PD-L1 and CTLA-4 expressions with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wantao Wu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- One-third Lab, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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