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Prunier A, Trannoy S. Learning from fights: Males' social dominance status impact reproductive success in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299839. [PMID: 38452142 PMCID: PMC10919672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In animals, the access to vital resources often relies on individuals' behavioural personality, strength, motivation, past experiences and dominance status. Dominant individuals would be more territorial, providing them with a better access to food resources and mate. The so-called winner and loser effects induce individuals' behavioural changes after experiencing a victory or a defeat, and lead to an individual persistent state influencing the outcome of subsequent fights. However, whether and how development of winner and loser effects affect individuals' fitness is controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate how individuals' fitness can be influenced by previous fighting experience in Drosophila melanogaster. In this study, we assess various behavioural performances as indicators for dominant and subordinate fitness. Our results show that subordinates are less territorial than dominants although their locomotor abilities are not affected. We also demonstrate that in a non-competitive context, experiencing a defeat reduces males' motivation to court females but not the reproductive success while in a competitive context, it negatively affects males' reproductive success. However, we found no impact upon either males' ability to distinguish potential mates nor on females' choice of a specific mating partner. Overall, these results indicate that previous defeats reduce reproductive success, a commonly used estimate of individual fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Prunier
- Research Center on Animal Cognition (CRCA), Center for Integrative Biology, Toulouse University, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Severine Trannoy
- Research Center on Animal Cognition (CRCA), Center for Integrative Biology, Toulouse University, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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2
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Zhao M, Kurtis SM, Humbel EA, Griffith EV, Liu T, Braun EL, Buchholz R, Kimball RT. Bare parts in the Galliformes: the evolution of a multifunctional structure. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231695. [PMID: 38204797 PMCID: PMC10776217 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
A morphological trait can have multiple functions shaped by varying selective forces. Bare parts in birds, such as wattles, casques and combs, are known to function in both signalling and thermoregulation. Studies have demonstrated such structures are targets of sexual selection via female choice in several species of Galliformes (junglefowl, turkeys and grouse), though other studies have shown some role in thermoregulation (guineafowl). Here, we tested fundamental hypotheses regarding the evolution and maintenance of bare parts in Galliformes. Using a phylogeny that included nearly 90% of species in the order, we evaluated the role of both sexual and natural selection in shaping the function of bare parts across different clades. We found a combination of both environmental and putative sexually selected traits strongly predicted the variation of bare parts for both males and females across Galliformes. When the analysis is restricted to the largest family, Phasianidae (pheasants, junglefowl and allies), sexually selected traits were the primary predictors of bare parts. Our results suggest that bare parts are important for both thermoregulation and sexual signalling across Galliformes but are primarily under strong sexual selection within the Phasianidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Sarah M. Kurtis
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ellen A. Humbel
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Emily V. Griffith
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tong Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Edward L. Braun
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Richard Buchholz
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Rebecca T. Kimball
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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3
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Vernasco BJ, Dakin R, Majer AD, Haussmann MF, Brandt Ryder T, Moore IT. Longitudinal dynamics and behavioural correlates of telomeres in male wire‐tailed manakins. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben J. Vernasco
- Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA
| | - Roslyn Dakin
- Migratory Bird Center Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Washington DC USA
| | | | | | - T. Brandt Ryder
- Migratory Bird Center Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Washington DC USA
| | - Ignacio T. Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA
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4
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Multiple signals predict male mating success in the lek-mating lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-020-02920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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5
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LeGrice RJ, Tezanos‐Pinto G, de Villemereuil P, Holwell GI, Painting CJ. Directional selection on body size but no apparent survival cost to being large in wild New Zealand giraffe weevils. Evolution 2019; 73:762-776. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Tezanos‐Pinto
- Coastal‐Marine Research Group, INMS
- Professional and Continuing EducationMassey University Auckland 0745 New Zealand
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6
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Weiss SL, Dubin M. Male mate choice as differential investment in contest competition is affected by female ornament expression. Curr Zool 2018; 64:335-344. [PMID: 30402076 PMCID: PMC6007368 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoy023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
High male mating effort and high variation in female quality select for male mate choice, which may be expressed as differential investment of reproductive effort based on female value. Male reproductive effort includes investment in direct contest competition with rival males for access to females, yet variation in male-male contest behavior is rarely examined in the context of male mate choice. We examine such male response to variation in female body size, reproductive state, and female-specific ornamentation in the striped plateau lizard, Sceloporus virgatus. We housed lizards in trios of 2 size-matched males and one female for 5 days, such that all 3 lizards were physically isolated and the males could see the female but not each other. We then placed males simultaneously into the female's cage and scored the interaction. Male-male aggression was not significantly affected by female body size, reproductive state, nor ornament color, but was influenced by ornament size which reliably signals the phenotypic quality of the female and her offspring. In the presence of larger-ornamented females, males engaged in more male-male aggressive display behavior more quickly, and performed fewer high-intensity contact behaviors but were equally likely to escalate to this riskier level of fighting. Our data suggest that males adjust their energetic investment during intrasexual competitive interactions in response to variation in the contested female which, assuming males gain direct or indirect benefits from their strategic allocation of reproductive effort, fits the modern understanding of male mate choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L Weiss
- Department of Biology, University of Puget Sound, 1500 N. Warner Street No. 1088, Tacoma, WA 98416-1088, USA
| | - Matthew Dubin
- Department of Biology, University of Puget Sound, 1500 N. Warner Street No. 1088, Tacoma, WA 98416-1088, USA
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7
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Stabilising selection on immune response in male black grouse Lyrurus tetrix. Oecologia 2017; 186:405-414. [PMID: 29177843 PMCID: PMC5799332 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-017-4014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Illnesses caused by a variety of micro- and macro- organisms can negatively affect individuals’ fitness, leading to the expectation that immunity is under positive selection. However, immune responses are costly and individuals must trade-off their immune response with other fitness components (e.g. survival or reproductive success) meaning that individuals with intermediate response may have the greatest overall fitness. Such a process might be particularly acute in species with strong sexual selection because the condition-dependence of male secondary sexual-traits might lead to striking phenotypic differences amongst males of different immune response levels. We tested whether there is selection on immune response by survival and reproduction in yearling and adult male black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix) following an immune challenge with a novel antigen and tested the hypothesis that sexual signals and body mass are honest signals of the immune response. We show that yearling males with highest immune response to these challenges had higher survival, but the reverse was true for adults. Adults with higher responses had highest mass loss and adult males with intermediate immune response had highest mating success. Tail length was related to baseline response in adults and more weakly in yearlings. Our findings reveal the complex fitness consequences of mounting an immune response across age classes. Such major differences in the direction and magnitude of selection in multiple fitness components is an alternative route underpinning the stabilising selection of immune responses with an intermediate immune response being optimal.
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8
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No behavioural response to kin competition in a lekking species. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-016-2154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Kervinen M, Lebigre C, Soulsbury CD. Simultaneous age‐dependent and age‐independent sexual selection in the lekking black grouse(Lyrurus tetrix). J Anim Ecol 2016; 85:715-25. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matti Kervinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of Jyväskylä P. O. Box 35 Jyväskylä FI‐40014 Finland
| | - Christophe Lebigre
- Earth and Life Institute Place de la Croix du Sud 4 Carnoy building B‐1348 Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Carl D. Soulsbury
- Joseph Banks Laboratories School of Life Sciences University of Lincoln Lincoln LN6 7TS UK
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10
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Soulsbury CD, Kervinen M, Lebigre C. Curse of the black spot: spotting negatively correlates with fitness in black grouse Lyrurus tetrix. Behav Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arw057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Variable Signals in a Complex World. ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.asb.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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12
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Nieminen E, Kervinen M, Lebigre C, Soulsbury C. Flexible timing of reproductive effort as an alternative mating tactic in black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix) males. BEHAVIOUR 2016. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-00003374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alternative reproductive tactics often take the form of dichotomous behavioural phenotypes. Focusing attention on such obvious dichotomy means that flexible patterns of behaviour within tactics is largely ignored. Using a long-term dataset of black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix) lek behaviours, we tested whether there were fine-scale differences in reproductive effort (lek attendance, fighting rates) and whether these were related to age and phenotype. Yearling males increased their lek attendance and fighting rate to a peak when adult male effort was declining. Adults and yearlings allocated reproductive effort according to their body mass but this was unrelated to differences in timing of effort. In adult males, different patterns of lek attendance were associated with different costs of reproduction, measured by mass loss or gain. Overall, our work demonstrates that individuals can use flexible patterns of reproductive effort both in terms of their own condition, their age and the likely costs of behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Nieminen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - M. Kervinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - C. Lebigre
- Earth and Life Institute, Place de la Croix du Sud 4, Carnoy Building, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - C.D. Soulsbury
- School of Life Sciences, Joseph Banks Laboratories, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
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Interactions between Biliverdin, Oxidative Damage, and Spleen Morphology after Simulated Aggressive Encounters in Veiled Chameleons. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138007. [PMID: 26368930 PMCID: PMC4569575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressors frequently increase oxidative damage–unless organisms simultaneously mount effective antioxidant responses. One putative mitigative mechanism is the use of biliverdin, an antioxidant produced in the spleen during erythrocyte degradation. We hypothesized that both wild and captive-bred male veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus), which are highly aggressive to conspecifics, would respond to agonistic displays with increased levels of oxidative damage, but that increased levels of biliverdin would limit this increase. We found that even just visual exposure to a potential combatant resulted in decreased body mass during the subsequent 48-hour period, but that hematocrit, biliverdin concentration in the bile, relative spleen size, and oxidative damage in plasma, liver, and spleen were unaffected. Contrary to our predictions, we found that individuals with smaller spleens exhibited greater decreases in hematocrit and higher bile biliverdin concentrations, suggesting a revision to the idea of spleen-dependent erythrocyte processing. Interestingly, individuals with larger spleens had reduced oxidative damage in both the liver and spleen, demonstrating the spleen’s importance in modulating oxidative damage. We also uncovered differences in spleen size and oxidative damage between wild and captive-bred chameleons, highlighting environmentally dependent differences in oxidative physiology. Lastly, we found no relationship between oxidative damage and biliverdin concentration, calling into question biliverdin’s antioxidant role in this species.
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Kervinen M, Lebigre C, Alatalo RV, Siitari H, Soulsbury CD. Life-History Differences in Age-Dependent Expressions of Multiple Ornaments and Behaviors in a Lekking Bird. Am Nat 2015; 185:13-27. [DOI: 10.1086/679012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Lebigre C, Alatalo RV, Soulsbury CD, Höglund J, Siitari H. Limited indirect fitness benefits of male group membership in a lekking species. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:5356-65. [PMID: 25263625 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In group living species, individuals may gain the indirect fitness benefits characterizing kin selection when groups contain close relatives. However, tests of kin selection have primarily focused on cooperatively breeding and eusocial species, whereas its importance in other forms of group living remains to be fully understood. Lekking is a form of grouping where males display on small aggregated territories, which females then visit to mate. As females prefer larger aggregations, territorial males might gain indirect fitness benefits if their presence increases the fitness of close relatives. Previous studies have tested specific predictions of kin selection models using measures such as group-level relatedness. However, a full understanding of the contribution of kin selection in the evolution of group living requires estimating individuals' indirect fitness benefits across multiple sites and years. Using behavioural and genetic data from the black grouse (Tetrao tetrix), we show that the indirect fitness benefits of group membership were very small because newcomers joined leks containing few close relatives who had limited mating success. Males' indirect fitness benefits were higher in yearlings during increasing population density but marginally changed the variation in male mating success. Kin selection acting through increasing group size is therefore unlikely to contribute substantially to the evolution and maintenance of lekking in this black grouse population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Lebigre
- Catholic University of Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Croix du Sud 4, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Centre of Excellence in Evolutionary Research, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
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Cusick JA, Herzing DL. The Dynamic of Aggression: How Individual and Group Factors Affect the Long-Term Interspecific Aggression Between Two Sympatric Species of Dolphin. Ethology 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Cusick
- Department of Biological Sciences; Florida Atlantic University; Boca Raton FL USA
- The Wild Dolphin Project; Jupiter FL USA
| | - Denise L. Herzing
- Department of Biological Sciences; Florida Atlantic University; Boca Raton FL USA
- The Wild Dolphin Project; Jupiter FL USA
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17
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Physiological costs enforce the honesty of lek display in the black grouse (Tetrao tetrix). Oecologia 2012; 172:983-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-012-2548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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