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Obara Y, Rutowski R. Contrasting Size Distributions among the Wing Spots of a Pierid Butterfly Suggest Different Selective Histories. Zoolog Sci 2023; 40:219-223. [PMID: 37256569 DOI: 10.2108/zs220087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Males of the small cabbage butterfly Pieris rapae crucivora have two dark or melanic spots in the central white area of each dorsal forewing, an anterior spot (aS) and a posterior spot (pS). We used characteristics of the size distributions of these spots to infer how selection has acted on them during their evolution. Our study reveals that the aS size distribution is normal while that of pS is very right-skewed. Moreover, aS size is larger and less variable than pS size. These results suggest that the aS has been under stabilizing selection while the pS has not. The context in which this selection is acting is not yet clear, nor is it clear why pS persists as a wing marking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Obara
- Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan,
| | - Ronald Rutowski
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA
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2
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Mikula P, Toszogyova A, Albrecht T. A global analysis of aerial displays in passerines revealed an effect of habitat, mating system and migratory traits. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220370. [PMID: 35440206 PMCID: PMC9019522 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerial displaying is a flamboyant part of the sexual behaviour of several volant animal groups, including birds. Nevertheless, little attention has been focused on identifying correlates of large-scale diversity in this trait. In this study, we scored the presence and absence of aerial displays in males of 1732 species of passerine birds (Passeriformes) and employed Bayesian phylogenetically informed mixed models to test for associations between aerial displays and a set of life-history and environmental predictors. Our multi-variate models revealed that species with males that perform aerial displays inhabited open rather than closed (forested) habitats. These species also exhibited higher levels of polygyny, had more elongated wings, migrated over longer distances and bred at higher latitudes. When we included species where the sexual function of displays has not been explicitly described but is likely to occur, we found that aerial displaying was also associated with smaller body size and increased male plumage coloration. Our results suggest that both sexual selection and natural selection have been important sources of selection on aerial displays in passerines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mikula
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, Brno 603 65, Czech Republic.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 12844, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Toszogyova
- Centre for Theoretical Study, Charles University and the Czech Academy of Sciences, Jilská 1, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Albrecht
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, Brno 603 65, Czech Republic.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 12844, Czech Republic
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3
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Davidowitz G, Bronstein JL, Tigreros N. Flight-Fecundity Trade-offs: A Possible Mechanistic Link in Plant-Herbivore-Pollinator Systems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:843506. [PMID: 35548312 PMCID: PMC9082648 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.843506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant-herbivore and plant-pollinator interactions are both well-studied, but largely independent of each other. It has become increasingly recognized, however, that pollination and herbivory interact extensively in nature, with consequences for plant fitness. Here, we explore the idea that trade-offs in investment in insect flight and reproduction may be a mechanistic link between pollination and herbivory. We first provide a general background on trade-offs between flight and fecundity in insects. We then focus on Lepidoptera; larvae are generally herbivores while most adults are pollinators, making them ideal to study these links. Increased allocation of resources to flight, we argue, potentially increases a Lepidopteran insect pollinator's efficiency, resulting in higher plant fitness. In contrast, allocation of resources to reproduction in the same insect species reduces plant fitness, because it leads to an increase in herbivore population size. We examine the sequence of resource pools available to herbivorous Lepidopteran larvae (maternally provided nutrients to the eggs, as well as leaf tissue), and to adults (nectar and nuptial gifts provided by the males to the females), which potentially are pollinators. Last, we discuss how subsequent acquisition and allocation of resources from these pools may alter flight-fecundity trade-offs, with concomitant effects both on pollinator performance and the performance of larval herbivores in the next generation. Allocation decisions at different times during ontogeny translate into costs of herbivory and/or benefits of pollination for plants, mechanistically linking herbivory and pollination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goggy Davidowitz
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Judith L. Bronstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Natasha Tigreros
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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4
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Nimje PS, Mayer M, Zedrosser A, Sæbø M, Rosell F. Territory acquisition and mate choice in a monogamous mammal, the Eurasian beaver. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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G‐Santoyo I, González‐Tokman D, Tapia‐Rodríguez M, Córdoba‐Aguilar A. What doesn't kill you makes you stronger: Detoxification ability as a mechanism of honesty in a sexually selected signal. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac G‐Santoyo
- Neuroecology Lab Facultad de Psicología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad Universitaria Ciudad de México México
| | | | - Miguel Tapia‐Rodríguez
- Unidad de MicroscopíaInstituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad Universitaria Ciudad de México México
| | - Alex Córdoba‐Aguilar
- Instituto de Ecología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad Universitaria Ciudad de México México
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6
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Glover JA, Lattanzio MS. Female preferences for discrete and continuous male colour expression may help reinforce colour polymorphism in a desert lizard. BEHAVIOUR 2021. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Despite recognition that colour can vary continuously, colour expression in colour polymorphic species is usually treated as discrete. We conducted three experiments to evaluate the extent that discrete and continuous male coloration influenced female mating preferences in long-tailed brush lizards (Urosaurus graciosus). Each experiment provided females with a different social context: a dimorphic choice between a yellow and an orange male (coloration treated as discrete), and a choice between either two orange males or two yellow males (coloration treated as continuous variation). Females preferred orange males over yellow males in the first experiment, and the findings of our second experiment suggested that males with moderate orange coloration were most preferred. In contrast, females behaved randomly with respect to two yellow males. Our findings show that females in colour polymorphic species can evaluate both discrete and continuous aspects of morph coloration during mate assessment, which may help maintain their polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenell A. Glover
- Department of Organismal and Environmental Biology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
| | - Matthew S. Lattanzio
- Department of Organismal and Environmental Biology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
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7
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Wiens JJ, Tuschhoff E. Songs versus colours versus horns: what explains the diversity of sexually selected traits? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:847-864. [PMID: 32092241 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Papers on sexual selection often highlight the incredible diversity of sexually selected traits across animals. Yet, few studies have tried to explain why this diversity evolved. Animals use many different types of traits to attract mates and outcompete rivals, including colours, songs, and horns, but it remains unclear why, for example, some taxa have songs, others have colours, and others horns. Here, we first conduct a systematic survey of the basic diversity and distribution of different types of sexually selected signals and weapons across the animal Tree of Life. Based on this survey, we describe seven major patterns in trait diversity and distributions. We then discuss 10 unanswered questions raised by these patterns, and how they might be addressed. One major pattern is that most types of sexually selected signals and weapons are apparently absent from most animal phyla (88%), in contrast to the conventional wisdom that a diversity of sexually selected traits is present across animals. Furthermore, most trait diversity is clustered in Arthropoda and Chordata, but only within certain clades. Within these clades, many different types of traits have evolved, and many types appear to have evolved repeatedly. By contrast, other major arthropod and chordate clades appear to lack all or most trait types, and similar patterns are repeated at smaller phylogenetic scales (e.g. within insects). Although most research on sexual selection focuses on female choice, we find similar numbers of traits (among sampled species) are involved in male contests (44%) and female choice (55%). Overall, these patterns are largely unexplained and unexplored, as are many other fundamental questions about the evolution of these traits. We suggest that understanding the diversity of sexually selected traits may require a shift towards macroevolutionary studies at relatively deep timescales (e.g. tens to hundreds of millions of years ago).
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Wiens
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0088, U.S.A
| | - E Tuschhoff
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0088, U.S.A
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8
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Berzins LL, Dawson RD. Does experimentally altered plumage brightness influence extra-pair mating success in female Tree Swallows ( Tachycineta bicolor)? CAN J ZOOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2019-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent empirical evidence suggests that ornamental traits displayed by female birds may reflect aspects of their quality, and function during competitive interactions and (or) social mate attraction; however, less is known about how such traits influence extra-pair paternity. In Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor (Vieillot, 1808)), plumage brightness of females signals their quality and may be related to extra-pair paternity if it enables them to invade the territories of other females to seek extra-pair copulations and (or) if potential extra-pair mates perceive their plumage brightness as attractive. Therefore, to examine whether the plumage brightness displayed by females influence rates of extra-pair paternity and the number of sires per brood, we experimentally enhanced and reduced the plumage brightness of females relative to controls. Our results showed that plumage brightness treatment of the female did not influence the number of extra-pair offspring in nests or the likelihood of a brood containing extra-pair offspring. Additionally, the number of extra-pair males siring offspring within the broods of females did not differ by plumage brightness treatment. Although extra-pair paternity has been shown to be beneficial for female Tree Swallows, our results suggest that plumage brightness of females does not influence their ability to engage in extra-pair mating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha L. Berzins
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Russell D. Dawson
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
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9
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Soudry O, Kaira H, Parsa S, Mendelson T. Male rainbow darters (Etheostoma caeruleum) prefer larger conspecific females. Behav Processes 2019; 170:104013. [PMID: 31751600 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2019.104013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Female mate choice is a well studied mechanism of sexual selection that can affect the evolution of male secondary sexual traits. However, males also exhibit selective mate choice in some animals, which can affect the evolution of female phenotypes. We tested for evidence of intraspecific male mate choice in the Rainbow Darter (Percidae: Etheostoma caeruleum). Males of numerous darter species have been shown to prefer conspecific over heterospecific females; however, intraspecific preferences in males have not yet been demonstrated in this genus. This study investigated male preference for indicators of female fecundity, specifically female size. We found that male Rainbow Darters prefer larger females, both in dichotomous choice tests, when access between individuals was prevented, and in unrestricted behavioral tests with full access to females. Notably, however, the dichotomous trials were not repeatable; males only displayed a significant preference for larger females in the first dichotomous trial and in the unrestricted trial. We discuss our results in light of experimental methods and the role of male mate choice in sexual selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Soudry
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250 United States
| | - Hatib Kaira
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250 United States
| | - Shabnam Parsa
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250 United States
| | - Tamra Mendelson
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250 United States
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10
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Espeset A, Kobiela ME, Sikkink KL, Pan T, Roy C, Snell-Rood EC. Anthropogenic increases in nutrients alter sexual selection dynamics: a case study in butterflies. Behav Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Espeset
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Megan E Kobiela
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Kristin L Sikkink
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Tiffany Pan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Colton Roy
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Emilie C Snell-Rood
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
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11
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Kaufmann E, Otti O. Males increase their fitness by choosing large females in the common bedbug Cimex lectularius. ANIM BIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1163/15707563-20181033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mate choice is often a role assigned to females. Already Darwin realised that males are eager to copulate, and females are choosy. However, male mate choice is not as rare as assumed. Males should choose females if females vary in quality, i.e., fecundity. Indeed, males often choose larger mates and through this preference increase fitness benefits. In addition, if mating costs reduce the number of copulations a male can potentially perform, he should be choosy. Bedbug females vary in their fecundity and female size is positively related to fecundity. Male bedbugs are limited in seminal fluid availability and, hence, the number of consecutive matings they can perform. Traumatic insemination gives males full control over mating, therefore low female mating resistance could further allow males to be choosy. Here, using mate choice arenas, we investigated if male bedbugs prefer to mate with large females. We observed mating behaviour and measured female fecundity to investigate potential male fitness benefits. Males chose to mate with large females 1.8 times more often than small females and large females laid significantly more eggs than small females. Our study provides first evidence for male mate choice based on female body size in bedbugs and males can increase their fitness by mating large females. It has to be further established if male mate choice is driven by mating costs in terms of ejaculate investment and if such male mate choice based on female size could be a driver of sexual size dimorphism in bedbugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kaufmann
- Animal Population Ecology, Animal Ecology I, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Oliver Otti
- Animal Population Ecology, Animal Ecology I, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
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12
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Kimmitt AA, Dietz SL, Reichard DG, Ketterson ED. Male courtship preference during seasonal sympatry may maintain population divergence. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:11833-11841. [PMID: 30598780 PMCID: PMC6303717 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal migration can lead to a population distribution known as seasonal sympatry, in which closely-related migrant and resident populations of the same species co-occur in sympatry during part of the year, but are otherwise allopatric. During seasonal sympatry in early spring, residents may initiate reproduction before migrants depart, presenting an opportunity for gene flow. Differences in reproductive timing between migrant and resident populations may favor residents that exhibit preferences for potential mates of similar migratory behavior and reproductive timing, thus maintaining population divergence. We studied dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis), a songbird that exhibits seasonal sympatry. We conducted simulated courtship interactions in which we presented free-living resident males with either a caged migrant or resident female and quantified courtship behavior prior to the departure of the migrants. We found that resident males preferred to court resident females: they sang more short-range songs and exhibited more visual displays associated with courtship when presented with resident females. We conclude that males distinguish between migrant and resident females during seasonal sympatry when the risk of interacting with non-reproductive, migrant females is high. Male mate choice in seasonal sympatry is likely adaptive for male reproductive success. As a secondary effect, male mating preference could act to maintain or promote divergence between populations that differ in migratory strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samantha L. Dietz
- Department of Biological SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina
- Department of Biological ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida
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13
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Tudor E, Promislow DEL, Arbuthnott D. Past and present resource availability affect mating rate but not mate choice in Drosophila melanogaster. Behav Ecol 2018; 29:1409-1414. [PMID: 30568395 PMCID: PMC6293226 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ary114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The choices of when, where, and with whom to mate represent some of the most important decisions an individual can make to increase their fitness. Several studies have shown that the resources available to an individual during development can dramatically alter their mating rate later in life, and even the choice of mate. However, an individual's surroundings and available resources can change rapidly, and it is not clear how quickly the redistribution of resources towards reproduction can change. To address this important question, we measured mating rate and mate choice among Drosophila melanogaster males that were manipulated in terms of both past resources (control vs. starvation) and the resources available during mate choice (food vs. no food). We found that males given access to ample resources prior to mate choice showed higher mating rates than those that were starved, in agreement with previous studies. However, we also found that this effect can be reversed quickly, as starved males given the opportunity to mate in a high-quality environment mated at frequencies equivalent to their fed counterparts. Although past and present resources affected mating rate, they did not affect mate choice, as males mated with high-quality females at high frequencies regardless of their condition and environment. Our results show that both current condition as well as the promise of future resources can dramatically influence individuals' investment into reproduction and that such mating decisions are extremely plastic and reliant on environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Tudor
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Daniel E L Promislow
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Devin Arbuthnott
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
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14
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McQueen EW, Morehouse NI. Rapid Divergence of Wing Volatile Profiles Between Subspecies of the Butterfly Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2018; 18:4953129. [PMID: 29718495 PMCID: PMC5865527 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iey026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Complex signaling traits such as pheromone profiles can play an important role in the early stages of reproductive isolation between populations. These signals can diverge along multiple trait axes, and signal receivers are often sensitive to subtle differences in signal properties. In the Lepidoptera, prior research has highlighted that natural selection can drive rapid chemical signal divergence, for instance via mate recognition to maintain species boundaries. Much less is known about the occurrence of such changes for predominantly sexually selected chemical signals, such as those released by many male lepidopterans. We evaluated the divergence in male and female wing volatile profiles between two recently isolated subspecies of the pierid butterfly Pieris rapae Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Pieridae): P. rapae rapae and P. rapae crucivora. In laboratory settings, these subspecies exhibit strong premating isolation, with females rejecting males of the opposite subspecies despite the fact that males direct equivalent courtship effort toward females of either subspecies. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we analyzed the volatile chemical profiles of individual males and females of each subspecies. We find that males of each subspecies differ in their wing volatile profiles, including quantitative differences in a male sex pheromone, ferrulactone. In contrast, female wing volatiles profiles have diverged significantly less. These sex-specific patterns suggest that male chemical profiles may play a role in the observed premating isolation between these two subspecies, providing support for future investigations of sexually selected chemical traits in population divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden W McQueen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Langley Hall, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nathan I Morehouse
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Langley Hall, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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15
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Stern CA, Servedio MR. Evolution of a mating preference for a dual-utility trait used in intrasexual competition in genetically monogamous populations. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:8008-8016. [PMID: 29043052 PMCID: PMC5632625 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection pressures by which mating preferences for ornamental traits can evolve in genetically monogamous mating systems remain understudied. Empirical evidence from several taxa supports the prevalence of dual-utility traits, defined as traits used both as armaments in intersexual selection and ornaments in intrasexual selection, as well as the importance of intrasexual resource competition for the evolution of female ornamentation. Here, we study whether mating preferences for traits used in intrasexual resource competition can evolve under genetic monogamy. We find that a mating preference for a competitive trait can evolve and affect the evolution of the trait. The preference is more likely to persist when the fecundity benefit for mates of successful competitors is large and the aversion to unornamented potential mates is strong. The preference can persist for long periods or potentially permanently even when it incurs slight costs. Our results suggest that, when females use ornaments as signals in intrasexual resource competition, males can evolve mating preferences for those ornaments, illuminating both the evolution of female ornamentation and the evolution of male preferences for female ornaments in monogamous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin A. Stern
- Department of BiologyCB 3280 Coker HallUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
- Present address:
Caitlin A. Stern, Santa Fe InstituteSanta FeNMUSA
- Present address:
Interacting Minds CentreAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Maria R. Servedio
- Department of BiologyCB 3280 Coker HallUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
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16
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McNeill CA, Pereira RM, Koehler PG, McNeill SA, Baldwin RW. Behavioral Responses of Nymph and Adult Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to Colored Harborages. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 53:760-769. [PMID: 27113099 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjw033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral bioassays were conducted to determine whether bed bug adults and nymphs prefer specific colored harborages. Two-choice and seven-choice behavioral color assays indicate that red (28.5%) and black (23.4%) harborages are optimal harborage choices for bed bugs. Yellow and green harborages appear to repel bed bugs. Harborage color preferences change according to gender, nutritional status, aggregation, and life stage. Female bed bugs prefer harborages with shorter wavelengths (lilac-14.5% and violet-11.5%) compared to males, whereas males prefer harborages with longer wavelengths (red-37.5% and black-32%) compared with females. The preference for orange and violet harborages is stronger when bed bugs are fed as opposed to when they are starved. Lone bed bugs (30%) prefer to be in black harborages while red harborages appear to be the optimum harborage color for bed bugs in more natural mixed aggregations (35.5%). Bed bug nymphs preferred different colored harborages at each stage of development, which is indicative of their developing eye structures and pigments. First instars showed no significant preference for any colored harborage soon after hatching. However, by the fifth instar, 27.5% of nymphs significantly preferred red and black harborages (which was a similar preference to adult bed bugs). The proportion of oviposited eggs was significantly greater under blue, red, and black harborages compared to other colored harborages tested. The use of visual cues such as specific colors offers great potential for improving bed bug monitoring tools by increasing trap captures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corraine A McNeill
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Union College, 3800 S. 48th St., Lincoln, NE 68506-0050 (; )
| | - Roberto M Pereira
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Steinmetz Hall, Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620 (; ; )
| | - Philip G Koehler
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Steinmetz Hall, Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620 (; ; )
| | - Seth A McNeill
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Union College, 3800 S. 48th St., Lincoln, NE 68506-0050 (; )
| | - Rebecca W Baldwin
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Steinmetz Hall, Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620 (; ; )
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Ercit K, Gwynne DT. A novel method of comparing mating success and survival reveals similar sexual and viability selection for mobility traits in female tree crickets. J Evol Biol 2016; 29:1189-200. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Ercit
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Toronto at Mississauga; Mississauga ON Canada
| | - D. T. Gwynne
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Toronto at Mississauga; Mississauga ON Canada
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Rundus AS, Biemuller R, DeLong K, Fitzgerald T, Nyandwi S. Age-related plasticity in male mate choice decisions by Schizocosa retrorsa wolf spiders. Anim Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gwynne DT, Punzalan D, Hunt J. Viability selection on female fly finery in the wild. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Darryl T. Gwynne
- Biology Dept University of Toronto Mississauga; 3359 Mississauga Road Mississauga ON L5L 1C6 Canada
| | - David Punzalan
- Royal Ontario Museum; 100 Queen's Park Toronto ON M5S 2C6 Canada
| | - John Hunt
- Daphne du Maurier Centre for Ecology and Conservation; College of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Exeter; Cornwall Campus TR10 9FE UK
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