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Waltho D, Gallo L, Gallo M, Murphy J, Copeland A, Mowakket S, Moltaji S, Baxter C, Karpinski M, Thoma A. Outcomes and Outcome Measures in Breast Reduction Mammaplasty: A Systematic Review. Aesthet Surg J 2020; 40:383-391. [PMID: 31679031 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjz308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduction mammaplasty remains critical to the treatment of breast hypertrophy. No technique has been shown to be superior; however, comparison between studies is difficult due to variation in outcome reporting. OBJECTIVES The authors sought to identify a comprehensive list of outcomes and outcome measures in reduction mammaplasty. METHODS A comprehensive computerized search was performed. Included studies were randomized or nonrandomized controlled trials involving at least 100 cases of female breast hypertrophy and patients of all ages who underwent 1 or more defined reduction mammaplasty technique. Outcomes and outcome measures were extracted and tabulated. RESULTS A total 106 articles were eligible for inclusion; 57 unique outcomes and 16 outcome measures were identified. Frequency of patient-reported and author-reported outcomes were 44% and 88%, respectively. Postoperative complications were the most frequently reported outcome (82.2%). Quality-of-life outcomes were accounted for in 37.7% of studies. Outcome measures were either condition-specific or generic; frequencies were as low as 1% and as high as 5.6%. Five scales were formally assessed in the breast reduction populations. Clinical measures were defined in 15.1% of studies. CONCLUSIONS There is marked heterogeneity in reporting of outcomes and outcome measures in the literature. A standardized outcome set is needed to compare outcomes of various reduction mammaplasty techniques. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Waltho
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lucas Gallo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Matteo Gallo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Murphy
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Copeland
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sadek Mowakket
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Syena Moltaji
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Charmaine Baxter
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marta Karpinski
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Health Research Methodology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Achilleas Thoma
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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